IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review is an indexed and refereed journal published monthly by the Indian Association of Health, Research, and Welfare (IAHRW). IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review likely aims to promote interdisciplinary research in social sciences by providing a platform for scholars, academicians, and professionals. Its primary objectives include fostering discussions on contemporary social issues, policy-making, and human development while encouraging evidence-based research in sociology, psychology, political science, economics, and cultural studies. The journal focuses on areas such as social behavior, education, governance, gender studies, mental health, and societal well-being. Its goals include publishing high-quality research, supporting academic discourse, and contributing to knowledge that influences social policies and community development. IAHRW IJSSR is a peer-reviewed journal, and the papers are published after a review process by the review panel of the journal. This journal has been published regularly since 2013. For more details write to us at iahrw2019@gmail.com
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, President Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare
Editorial Office: 1245/4, Mohalla Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: suneil.psy@gmail.com
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: IAHRW Publications Pvt. Ltd
ISSN: 2347-3797 (print version)
ISSN: . (electronic version)
Frequency: Monthly
Indexing: EBSCOhost Connection Two, Academic Search Complete, The Belt and Road Initiative Reference Source, Cogito Indexing Text, Academic Search Ultimate, Academic Search Main Edition, Biomedical Index, Google Scholar Crawl Database, SocINDEX with Full Text, Sociology Source Ultimate, ProQuest, I-scholar, Google Scholar and National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating 4.42
CHIEF EDITOR
Sunil Saini, PhD
Indian Association of Health Research and Welfare, Hisar, Haryana, India
INTERNATIONAL EDITORIAL BOARD
Rankoana Sejabaledi Agnes, PhD, University of Limpopo, South Africa
Sakhile Manyathi, PhD, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
EDITORS
Anita Sharma, PhD, HP University, Shimla, HP
C R. Darolia, PhD, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana
Damanjit Sandhu, PhD, Punjabi University, Patiala
Jaspreet Kaur, PhD, Punjabi University Patiala
Ritesh Kumar Singh, PhD, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi
Radhy Shyam, PhD, MD University, Rohtak, Haryana
Rekha Sapra, PhD, University of Delhi, Delhi
Sandeep Singh, PhD, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana
Sangeeta Trama, PhD, Punjabi University, Patiala
Sunita Malhotra, PhD, Former Dean, MD University, Rohtak, Haryana
Waheeda Khan, PhD, SGT University, Gurugram
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, President Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare (IAHRW)
Editorial Office: 1245/4, Mohalla Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: iahrw2019@gmail.com, suneil_psy@iahrw.org
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare (IAHRW)
ISSN: 2347-3797 (print version)
ISSN: . (electronic version)
Frequency: Quarterly
Indexing: EBSCOhost Connection Two, Academic Search Complete, The Belt and Road Initiative Reference Source, Cogito Indexing Text, Academic Search Ultimate, Academic Search Main Edition, Biomedical Index, Google Scholar Crawl Database, SocINDEX with Full Text, Sociology Source Ultimate, ProQuest, I-scholar, Google Scholar and National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating 4.42Stellenbosch University, South Africa
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Author’s guidelines:
IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review (IJSSR) is a peer-reviewed research journal published quarterly by Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare. The IJSSR is indexed with EBSCO, J-Gate, etc. The journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of scientific excellence in the area of Anthropology, Sociology, Psychology, Education, Social Work, Political Science, Management, Commerce, Economics, Mass Media, History, Political Sciences, Geography, History and other related fields. IJSSR is published monthly now
Manuscripts should be submitted in the format outlined in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th edition) and should be sent via email at iahrw2010@gmail.com. The papers are reviewed by professional reviewers who have specialized expertise in the respective area, and to judge the quality of the paper in a time bound and confidential manner. The paper shall be review by double blind review process.
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References
References should be as per APA format as follows
• Journal article
Panda, T., Lamba, V., Goyal, N., Saini, S., Boora, S., Cruz. (2018). Psychometric Testing in Schools. Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing, 8(2), 213–245.
• Article by DOI
Slifka, M. K., & Whitton, J. L. (2000) Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. Journal of Molecular Medicine, doi:10.1007/s001090000086
• Book
Calfee, R. C., & Valencia, R. R. (1991). APA guide to preparing manuscripts for journal publication. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
• Book chapter
O’Neil, J. M., & Egan, J. (1992). Men’s and women’s gender role journeys: Metaphor for healing, transition, and transformation. In B. R. Wainrib (Ed.), Gender issues across the life cycle (pp. 107–123). New York: Springer.
• Online document
Abou-Allaban, Y., Dell, M. L., Greenberg, W., Lomax, J., Peteet, J., Torres, M., & Cowell, V. (2006). Religious/spiritual commitments and psychiatric practice. Resource document. American Psychiatric Association. https://web.archive.org/web/20100308014645/http://www.psych.org:80/edu/other_res/lib_archives/archives/200604.pdf. Accessed 25 June 2007.
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Plagiarism
The acceptance rate depends upon
the below 10% plagiarism (Turnitin Software) and reviewers’ feedback and
recommendations.
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The IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review follows ethical publishing standards and may have
specific policies regarding the use of AI in research and writing. Authors are
expected to disclose the use of AI tools in manuscript preparation, ensuring
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Conflict of Interest Policy
Authors are required to disclose on the title page of the initial manuscript any potential, perceived, or real conflict of interest. Authors must describe the direct/indirect financial/personal support (ownership, grants, honorarium, consultancies, etc.) in (1) the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; (2) the writing of the report; and (3) the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Authors should explicitly mention on the cover page that whether potential conflicts do or do not exit. A declaration should be made on the cover page for all types of conflicts that could affect submission to publication of a manuscript. The role of funding agencies should be clearly mentioned.
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, President Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare
Editorial Office: 1245/18, Moh. Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India,
Email: suneil.psy@gmail.com,
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: IAHRW
ISSN: 2347-3797 (print version)
ISSN: . (electronic version)
Frequency: Monthly
Indexing: EBSCO, i-scholar
Peer Review
All content of the IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review is subject to peer-review. The Editor first checks and evaluates the submitted manuscript, examining its fit and quality regarding its significance, manuscript format, research quality. If it is suitable for potential pubication, the Editor directs the manuscript for Plagiarism check, and the minimum similarity acceptable is below 20% without references. After that, editor directs the manuscript to two reviewers, with both being experts in the field. This journal employs double-blind review, wehre the author and referee remains anonymous througout the process. Referees are asked to avaluate whetehr the manuscript is original, makes a theoretical contribution to the study, methodoogy is sound, follos appropriate ethical guidelines, whether the results are clearly presented and sufficient supporting studies are given and support the conclusion. The time for evaluation is approximately one month. The Editor’s decision will be sent to the author with recommendations made by the referees. Revised manuscripts might be returned to the initial referees who may then request another revision of the manuscript. After both reviewer’s feedback, the Editor decides if the manuscript will be rejected, accepted with revision needed or accepted for publication. The Editor’s decision is final. Regerees advise the Editor, who is responsible for the final decision to accept or reject the article.
Compaint policy
We ain to respond to and resolve all complaints quickly. All complaints will be acknowledged within a week. For all matters related to the policies, procedures, editorial content, and actions of the editorial staff, the decision of the Editor-in-Chief shall be final. The procedure to make a complaint is easy. It can be made by writing an email to editor: iahrw@iahrw.org
Confict of Interest Policy
Transparency and objectiity in research are essential for publication in this journal. These principles are strictily followed in our peer review process and decision of publication. Manuscript submissions are assigned to reviewers in an effort to minimize potential conflicts of interest. After papers are assigned, individual reviewers are required to inform the editor-in-chief of any conflict.
Page: 442-449 Rosamma Alexander1 and Clarissa F. Delariarte2,3,4 (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines1, Department of Clinical Psychology, The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines2, De La Salle University, Taft, Manila, Philippines3, and Far Eastern University Graduate School, Morayta, Manila, Philippines4) Technology has been growing exponentially in the last few decades, emerging as the biggest driver in all walks of life. The millennials are synonymous with technology as a whole and information technology in particular. The World Wide Web (www) has pushed itself deeper and farther like an inevitable labyrinth, sparing none. So, the internet is no more a luxury but a necessity. One of the most predominant uses of the internet is social media which connects people seamlessly in a virtual network. Whether platforms or people, choices galore for them to spend time with. Research has found that there are both positive and negative impacts of social media on the lives of adolescents. However, more studies favor how the negative consequences influence them physically, socially, and psychologically when they spend more time on social media. The new normal of the pandemic, when study and work were constrained to rooms and virtual settings, has further aggravated this situation. The aim of this study is to explore the stages of Social Media Addiction among Adolescents in India. The present research paper draws insights into the lived experiences of adolescents regarding social media use through in-depth semi-structured interviews with seven adolescents and a focus group discussion of ten. The data were analyzed in the light of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) and found four emerging themes such as the exploring stage, low-risk stage, moderate risk stage, and high-risk stage of social media addiction. |
Page: 450-457 Mansi Phogat and Tarannum Mohan (Punjabi University Regional Centre for IT and Management, Mohali, Punjab) Future advancements in technology, particularly smart fitness devices, are vital to the future of health and general well-being. Wearable technology is growing at a rapid pace from developed countries to developing countries. Using various ideas and approaches, researchers from a range of fields have examined how consumers are embracing wearable devices like smartwatches. In an effort to understand how consumer behaviour differs on the basis of various factors associated with wearable technology like its affordability, lifestyle, demography and its adoption and purchase we analysed various research papers. The goals of this article are to review the research on consumers' acceptance of wearable technology and various theories applied and to pinpoint the elements that affected consumers' choices to adopt these technologies. |
Page: 458-461 Kadambini Sharma (Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab) A child needs a physical, social, and emotional environment immediately after his birth. He is an active or inactive member of many groups and plays a complicated role in all of them. Family relationships are always responsible for shaping an individual's well-being for better and worse throughout life (Merz, Consedine, Schulze, & Schuengel, 2009). The present study is devoted to explore and describe the acceptance-rejection by parents in relation to the adjustment of adolescents. For this purpose, a descriptive cum exploratory research design has been adopted in the present investigation. A sample of 100 students (50 boys + 50 girls) of class XIth and XIIth from a CBSE school of Haryana state was collected for the study. The data was collected with the help of the Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (PARQ) and Indian adaptation of Bell's Adjustment Inventory. The present study revealed that parental acceptance and rejection play an important role in the behavior of a child. A child getting accepted by his or her parents is more likely to be confident, as compared to a child who is getting rejection and facing negligence from his or her parents. The basic concern of the study is to investigate the parental acceptance-rejection of adolescents in relation to their adjustment, academic stress and self-concept level. If psychologists need to design the most appropriate interventions and developmental activities, they must know the concerns and needs of the population they serve. |
Page: 462-465 Shreya Mohan (Innocent Hearts School, Green Model Town, Jalandhar, Punjab) Growing concern over the health and safety concerns of underage sex has prompted calls for increased initiatives to teach sex education in schools. Teenagers engage in harmful practices and suffer the consequences because of a lack of sex education. It would be foolish, if not reckless, to try to deny that truth. Why deny teenagers the information they need to stay healthy and avoid getting pregnant too soon if it will help them avoid the negative effects of not receiving sexual education? Despite major advances in science, the implementation of sex education in modern schools is hampered by cultural, political, and systemic constraints that strongly influence many layers of teenagers' environments. Knowledge among adolescent females regarding sexual and reproductive health issues is mandatory to ensure their healthy growth, both mentally and physically, by various agents of socialization, mainly parents and teachers, to prepare them for pubertal transition. Healthcare experts such as psychologists, counselors, social workers, and psychiatrists can be useful in achieving this goal. Women's health-related policies need to be formed, and sexual education in schools needs to be mandatory. This paper highlights some of the opportunities, intentions to provide relevant sexuality education for young people, potentially exacerbating confusion and individuals who do not conform to societal stereotypes of sex, gender, and ability. |
Page: 466-469 Harbans Lal (SNDT Women University, Director-Forum of Behavioural Safety, Mumbai, Maharashtra) Better safety culture measures could save a million of lives annually. This article presents a review of latest academic and field practitioners literature and examines the critical lapses and insights on safety cultural behaviours. Behavioural insights can facilitate boosting a culture of positive safety. Need for a long term supportive safety culture intervention alongwith regular retraining, reviews and reinforcements by the top authorities as well as heads of departments is re-emphasized for increasing internal risk controls by employees for saving people from injuries or fatalities. Frequent corporate communications to employees regarding safety culture implementation matter a lot. Safety excellence and business excellence scenarios need to keep human safety ahead of commercial values for gaining organizational sustainability. Occupational health and safety investments are increasingly driven by ESG perspectives. |
Page: 470-472 C.A. Shashikala1 and S. Azmal, Basha2 (Research & Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu1 and Department of Psychology, Sri Venkateswara Art College, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh2) The study was to examine the effectiveness of some behavioral techniques on anxiety, anger and problem-solving skills among adolescent girls. World Health Report (2001) says “Adolescence is a stage of immense turmoil in emotional as well as behavioral spheres. Information load, high expectations of parents and teachers, peer pressure to perform well, unrealistic ambitions and competitiveness are some of the significant sources of stress which create tension, fear, anger and anxiety.” Anger can be the consequence of repressed emotions, i.e. individual's unwillingness to express or deal with a problem or relationship. The fear of conflict could lead to avoidance and anxiety. Hence, problem-solving skill is important to cope up with anger and anxiety. Thus, reducing the anger and anxiety and upgrading problem-solving skills was the main objective of the study. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) (Spielberger et al., 1983) was used to assess the level of anxiety of participants. In order to determine the level of anger, State Anger Scale (Spielberger, 1971) and Ideational Fluency Test (Ganesan, 1985) was used to approach the problem-solving skills. The study consisted of ten adolescent girls who were studying in various schools in and around Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. Pre-intervention assessment of anxiety, anger and problem-solving skills were assessed by using State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, State Anger Scale and Ideational Fluency Test. The subjects were directed with the Behaviour Technology Module. The study results after eight weeks showed that there was statistically considerable difference between the before and after of intervention scores. The result indicated that the subject showed significant reduction in anxiety and anger. There was a convincing development in the level of creativity and problem-solving skills. |
Page: 473-477 Poonam Phogat and Vasundhra Verma (Department of Psychology, Gargi College, University of Delhi, Delhi) In modern society, stereotyping against the LGBTQ+ community is one of the common issues. Due to the perceived notions, socially expected norms of behaviour and expectations created for all genders and sexualities, many stereotypes concerning the LGBTQ+ community are predominantly negative. With the changing context, a deepened approach is needed to educate people about distinct genders and social norms wherein they don't regard LGBTQ+ as transgressors. We aim to investigate such preconceived negative notions and understand how stereotypical images affect youth affiliated with the LGBTQ+ community. The study is designed qualitatively with (N=74) urban LGBTQ+ young adults belonging to the age bracket of 19-25 years. Based on the Inclusion criteria, Gays (12.16%), Bisexuals (66.21%), Lesbians (5.40%), Pansexuals (5.40%) and Others (10.81%) consented to participate in the study. The sample was selected through purposive and snowball sampling techniques. The data was obtained using an open-ended questionnaire circulated via Google forms. The questionnaire was analyzed using thematic analysis. Based on the analysis of the sample's lived experiences, an exhibited stereotypical image was portrayed by mass media. Consequently, primary themes affecting these individuals were based on 'personal facets' (29.72%), 'Health facets'(22.97%) and 'miscellaneous' (17.56%). The results depict that LGBTQ+ youth conceal their sexual orientation due to fear and shame associated with coming out and to protect their well-being in society. Gender stereotypes are used as a means to make estimations of others' sexual identities wherein mass media has played a profound role in perpetuating such discriminating behaviours. Therefore, a universalist framework should be built with coalitions of diverse Indian communities to ensure safety for all. |
Page: 478-481 Muskan Goel1 and Nayanika Singh2 (Psychology student, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector-32, Chandigarh1 and Mahatma Gandhi State Institute of Public Administration, Sector-26, Chandigarh, Govt. of Punjab2) After facing the pandemic for more than two years, the world has become a place of physical, emotional, mental and social turmoil. No one could imagine that Covid-19 will affect the whole world and people will be challenged emotionally. The pandemic has given lifetime emotional scars to many people even children couldn't escape from this when someone goes through this type of emotional trauma then one must recognize the techniques and strategies of emotional resilience to cope up with a such crisis. Emotional resilience is being able to bounce back from stress, challenge, tragedy, trauma or adversity. When children are resilient, they are braver, more curious, more adaptable, and more able to extend their reach into the world. Emotional resilient people are able to manage a range of their emotions, adjust well to transitions, show high tolerance for frustration, and can deal with or manage whatever situation they are facing. Keeping this in mind the aim of the present chapter is to highlight and discuss the various techniques and strategies to empower school children emotionally through emotional resilience. |
Page: 482-486 Robinder P. Bedi (Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education, University of British Columbia, South America) This study provided survey data on counselling psychology professionals in New Delhi and compares it to available data on the profession in Punjab, in order to identify areas of similarity and difference. A national portrait of counselling psychology in India requires understanding what characteristics and practices are truly common across the country and what are relatively unique to specific parts of India. Information provided by this study also contribute objective information to help advance program accreditation standards, training curriculum, governmental regulation, and public awareness. |
Page: 487-490 Sukesh Trikha and Dinesh Kumar (Centre of Social Medicine and Community Health (CSMCH), Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi) The principle of patient safety is one of Biomedicine's values, which must be kept in mind in every patient-healthcare worker interaction. Given that there are preventable adverse events during the delivery of medical care worldwide and more so in low-resource settings, the World Health Assembly, in its 55th session in 2002, called for patient safety goals and reduced unsafe care. The practical strategy of "infection prevention and control" (IPC) either envisages the procedures enshrined under it as social, where barriers and facilitators or behaviour changes in individuals or organisational change is recommended or as elimination of microbes. Further research in social sciences, biomedicine and other disciplines is required to understand the concept fully. |
Page: 491-494 Neerja Pandey and Pratigya Kasera (Amity Institute of Behavioral and Allied Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Uttar Pradesh) Body art, also known as body tattoo, has been traditional part of many cultures across the nations. The oldest preserved evidence has been found in Egypt that dates back to 6000 BC. Tattoos are now seen as a form of expression that is as valued as pierced ears or hair styles. Today, it is taken as one of the favourite fashion icons and fashion trends. People get their bodies tattooed for various reasons like to follow the trend, to feel good by enhancing their looks, to show commitment, to hide scares, to get attention, to identify with a cult or group, to endure emotional pain, or to increase their self-esteem. Many researchers have explored various aspects of body-art but there is a paucity of research on tattoos in India. One reason could be that the inking of the body (body-art) is very popular and trending in other countries in comparison to India. The present work titled “Body Art Increases Self-esteem among Young Adults” is a theoretical paper that highlights the impact of body art on increasing self-esteem among young adults. For this purpose, the researcher used secondary data (both qualitative as well as quantitative) having reviewed published papers, books, articles and blogs. The analysis established a significant role of tattoos in increasing self-esteem. |
Page: 495-500 M. Ramya Maheswari (Department of Psychology, Ethiraj College for Women, Chennai, Tamil Nadu) Attitude is a psychological tendency that is expressed by evaluating a particular entity (Eagly & Chaiken, 1993). When people use such words as like, hate, good and bad, they are usually describing attitudes. One reason why we need to study attitudes is that attitudes are woven into the fabric of daily life as each individual on an everyday basis talk about one's own and other's attitude. Everyday conversations are plagued by discussions ranging from people's attitude on recent movies and changing social norms to government policies. The second reason is that there is a strong assumption that attitudes predict behaviour. This implies that any required change in behaviour can be addressed through change in attitudes. Hence if we wish to bring about changes in our environment, we need to devise strategies to change people's attitudes. When we talk of changing attitudes we also need to understand its link to values. Problems with attitudes could reflect improperly developed or ineffectively utilized value system. For example attitudes towards child labour, child marriage, widow remarriage, untouchability can spring out of certain values we hold on to. Society acquires values through a long process of trial and error experimentation with various approaches to life. Over centuries, the collective comes to recognize that certain principles or guidelines are essential for the survival or vital for the growth of the individual and the community. They learn by experience to value these essential principles and pass them on to future generations as cultural guidelines for action. Values are hence a significant element of culture. An understanding of how we develop attitudes and values and a knowledge of its, structure, content and functions is essential and precedes honing them, Hence the current paper examines the link between values, attitudes and beliefs that provides clarity of dynamics underpinning many conscious behaviours of the individuals in the society. Major influences on attitudes and values are studied to examine the extent to which value system has evolved as a result of it. The paper deliberates on whether existing values needs to be redefined for the people to live in harmony. Relevant values and attitudes in key life domains are explored and recommendations are provided for promoting positive attitudes and values |
Page: 501-504 Kushagra Prasad and Vinod Kumari (Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana) Migration is defined as the movement of people from one place to another. As the world has progressed in leaps and bounds, migration also has certain changes connoted with it. Earlier, the movement was way simpler with all the intermediaries involved whereas now it has become gender and season specific. The related factors, consequences and impact of migration form the essence of the phenomenon. The following paper is a step to interrogate and review migration from a sociological standpoint. The work is intended to ascertain the nuances related to migration and its comprehensive effect of it on the families involved. |
Page: 505-511 Pavan Mache1 and Sadhana Natu2 (Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Ganeshkhind, Pune, Maharashtra1 and Department of Psychology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Ganeshkhind, Pune, Maharashtra2) A marked increase in the use of social media put a large number of people at risk of feeling lonely, depressed, and anxious. Ordinary people, influencers and therapists have become mental health advocates with instant messaging, quick posts, uplifting thoughts and advice for their followers. The information presented may leave viewers feeling further traumatized or confused. The rationale behind studying this topic was to study the impact of fake influencers on social media on mental health of adults in the context of India. This study tries to focus on the gaps in the literature available on the topic and tries to find the impacts, and effective ways to identify and tackle this quackery. The methodology used was a qualitative analysis of primary data gathered from online semi-structured interviews. Interviews of two mental health professionals and three people from the field of tarot card reading, graphology and online counselling with a short diploma course for therapy and counselling were taken. In addition, a book titled 'Shamans, Mystics and Doctors- A Psychological Inquiry into India and Its Healing Traditions' by Sudhir Kakar was taken as secondary data. The results identify the causes of growth in pseudoscientific practices, analyses the impact and provide recommendations to tackle the same. The conclusion summarizes the key findings and broader implications. This is a qualitative study and thus has individual opinions and thought processes about the topic. It may be ridden with systematic biases, even though it's important to study it. |
Page: 512-518
Sharmin Palsetia and Jaya Rajagopalan (Department of Psychology, St. Mira's College for Girls, Pune, Maharashtra)
Leadership is critical for organizational success. In order to facilitate successful performance, it is important to understand and accurately measure the behavioural attributes of a leader (Robins, Judge, & Sanghi, 2009). An effective leader should be able to handle strategy, manage resources, foresee change and still be humane. Although there are numerous studies depicting the traits of effective leaders, there aren't enough studies emphasizing their behavioural attributes. There has been very little research on leadership using the qualitative approach in the Indian context. The current study aims to explore the behavioural attributes of effective leaders. Participants of the study were 60 leaders of various organizations of IT and ITES sectors. Unstructured interview and focus group discussion method was used to elicit the dominant behavioural attributes. Thematic analysis was done using Grounded Theory. The common themes highlighted the factors of Strategic, Change, Operational, Performance and Entrepreneur (SCOPE) leadership. The research highlights cultural and gender differences in conceptualization of the themes of leadership in Indian and western context. The results obtained will be useful to recruit and promote candidates to leadership positions by using this framework of the SCOPE model. The present study will contribute to designing a psychometric tool for gauging effective leadership behaviours. |
Page: 519-521
Rashmi Chowdhry and Ruchika Khatumaria (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan Jaipur, Rajasthan)
The purpose of this research is to conduct a literature evaluation of previous studies and reports that have been centered on the concept of need fulfilment. This will include the investigation of photographers' feelings of “autonomy, competence, and relatedness.” For the purpose of the study, we chose the research articles written in English that were both the finest and the most relevant. An examination study is carried out. After completing the research, we came to the conclusion that fundamental psychological demands include “autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Furthermore, self-determination theory (SDT)” proposes that individuals are inherently inquisitive and aspire to perform well in life. |
Page: 522-527
महेन्द्र सिंह (इतिहास विभाग, दयानन्द काॅलेज, हिसार, हरियाणा)
स्वामी तोतापुरी के बारे में जानकारी देने वाले स्रोत काफी सीमित है जिसके कारण उनके संदर्भ में शोध करना असंभव नहीं तो कठिन अवश्य है फिर भी उपलब्ध साक्ष्यों के आधार पर यह कहा जा सकता है कि वह कैथल के समीपवर्ती गांव बाबा लदाना के पुरी आश्रम के संत थे। यह आश्रम 18 वीं शताब्दी में बाबा राजपुरी के द्वारा स्थापित किया गया था। मठ परंपरा के अनुसार यह आश्रम शंकराचार्य की श्रृंगेरी पीठ के साथ जुड़ा है यहां के वर्तमान संत सामान्य वेशभूषा में रहते हैं, परंतु प्रारंभिक दौर में ये नाथ संप्रदाय के नागा संतो की भांति रहते थे अर्थात वे शरीर पर किसी तरह के वस्त्र धारण नहीं करते थे और दसों दिशाओं को वस्त्र मानते थे। ये संत जहां त्याग की विशिष्ट पहचान से अपने आप को स्थापित करते थे, वहीं लोभ, मोह, शोक व लज्जा से मुक्त होकर जीवन जीते थे। स्थानीय स्तर पर जनमानस के साथ-साथ अति विशिष्ट व्यक्ति जागीरदार, जमीदार, कुलीन तथा शासन व्यवस्था में ऊंची पहुंच वाले लोग भी इनके प्रति आदर व स्नेह रखते थे। आश्रम के रिकॉर्ड के अनुसार स्वामी तोतापुरी जी गुरु शिष्य-परंपरा की कड़ी में बाबा ज्ञान पुरी के बाद इस आश्रम के प्रमुख बने तथा 1871 से 1884 के बीच उन्होंने इस आश्रम का नेतृत्व किया। वे घुमक्कड़ प्रवृत्ति के थे तथा सामान्य रूप से अपने आश्रम के अतिरिक्त कहीं भी 3 दिन से अधिक प्रवास नहीं करते थे। इसी कारण उन्हें संपूर्ण भारत के विभिन्न स्थानों व आश्रमों में जाने का मौका मिला तथा विभिन्न तरह की जानकारी उनके जीवन का हिस्सा बनी। इस शताब्दी में जो सुधार आंदोलन चले या फिर जिन समाज सुधारकों ने काम किया, उनके कार्यों और गतिविधियों से हम परिचित हैं। इस कड़ी में उन महान व्यक्तित्वों के द्वारा, जो समाज विकास के नए अध्याय खोले गए उससे उनकी पहचान केवल भारत में नहीं बल्कि विश्व स्तर एक गूंज के रूप में दिखाई देती है। जैसे स्वामी दयानंद के जीवन में मथुरा के आचार्य दंडी की भूमिका है, वैसे ही स्वामी विवेकानंद के जीवन में गदाधर चट्टोपाध्याय या रामष्ण परमहंस की भूमिका महत्वपूर्ण है। अपने गुरु को सम्मान देते हुए स्वामी विवेकानंद ने जिस संस्था की स्थापना की, वह रामष्ण मिशन के नाम से जानी गई। वास्तव में यह उनका अपने गुरु के प्रति समर्पण था। यदि भावों को गहराई से समझें तो रामष्ण परमहंस इसी तरह की ज्ञान के लिए स्वामी तोतापुरी जी के प्रति समर्पित थे अर्थात ज्ञान की एक सरिता स्वामी तोतापुरी से गदाधर चट्टोपाध्याय और उनसे नरेंद्र तक पहुंची, जिसने विश्व में अपनी पहचान बनाई। |
Page: 531-532
Raj Kumar (Department of Geography, Govt. College, Hansi, Haryana)
Global warming is the biggest crisis ever collectively faced by human kind. Unlike other crises, it is global in nature that threatens survival of humankind. Sea level rise is one of the most alarming aspects of Global Warming all over the world. This phenomenon is a major concern for the populations of low-lying countries especially island countries and some of them are at the verge of submergence. The present paper is an attempt to assess systematically the various aspects of the sea level rise such as its factors and evidences, regional variation, consequences and future projections. Considering the highly negative impact of future sea level rise for society, it is suggested that multidisciplinary aspects such as observations, modelling, coastal impact studies, etc. of sea level rise should remain a thrust area for climatic research. |
Page: 533-536
Anju Gupta (DAV Centenary College, Faridabad, Haryana)
India is a developing country and the nation is witnessing progress constantly. The advancement and adoption of new technology, along with the support offered by the government in the form of policies, schemes, and programs are the factors responsible for the development. Digital India is one of those critical policies that came our way. It was launched in 2015 to make India a digitally empowered society. This changing digital landscape is also offering tremendous scope for women's empowerment. This paper aims to show, how technology can transform women's lives while empowering them in all aspects and helping them to achieve their dreams. The paper also highlights the various digital initiatives taken by the government for the empowerment of women. It examines the challenges as well as suggestions to overcome the challenges in executing a digital India program for women's empowerment. The contribution of CSR to women's empowerment is also studied in this paper. |
Page: 383-388
Vidhu Mohan and Sukhdeep Singh (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab)
Academic Stress can have both positive and negative consequences, if not well managed. It is important that students should learn and acquire the necessary knowledge and skills that will in turn make them less stressful. The present study aimed at providing Reattribution training (RAT) to students who are high on academic stress and show dysfunctional attributional style. The sample for the present study consisted of high school boys and girls studying in 9th and 10th class. The participants were drawn randomly from various secondary schools situated in Patiala (Punjab). The age range of the participants was from 13-16 years. Participants who were high on academic stress and had dysfunctional academic attribution style were screened in for the present study. These participants were then randomly assigned to experimental (N=100) and control group (N=100). Experimental group was given four sessions of reattribution training. To engage the participants of control group issues like study habits and time management were discussed with them. After the intervention, all the participants (both in experimental & control groups) were administered the academic stress scale. The findings reveal a significant decrease in academic stress after the intervention. |
Page: 537-542
Sukhminder Kaur1 and Sandeep Kaur2 (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Panjab1 and Cambie Counselling Services, Richmond, British Columbia, Canada2)
The objective of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of EMG biofeedback training to improve the level of self-control of adolescents higher on reactive aggression. It was hypothesized that Post intervention scores would be significantly higher on Self-control and lower on Reactive aggression for experimental condition as compared to control condition. A mixed group design was adopted. Self-control Scale (SSC) (Tangney et al., 2004) and Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire (RPAQ) (Raine et al., 2006) were used to identify male adolescents with low self-control and higher on reactive aggression respectively. Further, identified subjects were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Participants of experimental group (n=90) received EMG biofeedback training for ten sessions whereas control group (n=90) did not receive any training. After the completion of intervention program, participants of both groups were assessed on Self-control scale and Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire. Obtained scores were subjected to 2 × 2 mixed design ANOVA. Results revealed that post intervention scores of participants in the experimental group were higher on Self-control (M =69.90) than participants in the control group (M = 53.63); the interaction between factor 1 (experimental and control groups) and factor 2 (time) for Self-control was also significant [F (1,359) = 39.66, p < 0.01]. Similarly, a significant reduction was observed in reactive aggression scores after receiving the biofeedback training for 10 sessions. Furthermore, the effect size of the intervention was measured using Cohen's d = (0.89) and found larger. Significant implications of the findings have been discussed. |
Page: 376-379 Riya Tiwari (Institute of Teachers Education, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh) Padma Bohre (Pragti College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh) The study was designed to investigate emotional intelligence and leadership as predictors of self-efficacy in the sport teachers of Chhattisgarh state. A total of 30 sport teachers from government Schools of Chhattisgarh state were selected as subjects. In this present study self-efficacy (SE) was considered as a dependent variable and Emotional Intelligence (EI) and leadership Skill (LS) were considered as Independent variables. Researchers used descriptive survey research design. Two inventories, Emotional Intelligence Inventory (Hyde, Pethe, & Dhar) Occupational Self-efficacy Scale (Pethe, Choudhary, & Dhar) Leadership Behavior Scale (Asha Hinger), were used for data collection. Multiple regression was used for data analysis. To find out the best predicting factor of SE, EI and LS significant values of F is 6.710. Leadership skill and emotional intelligence was found to be significant predictors. EI contributed 37.5% of its variance out of the total variance. Leadership contributed 10.7% of its variance out of the total variance. |
Page: 380-384 Ridhima Shukla (Amity Institute of Behavioural and Allied Sciences, Amity University Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh) Adolescent females experience widespread changes during their puberty. Their perceptions about their overall psychological well-being are found to be associated with happiness and positive affect. It is also hypothesized that the individuals who have better psychological well-being will be more resilient in nature. Such individuals will indulge in healthy behaviors in dealing with daily life hassles. Adolescents are bound to experience difficulty in their lives and in such incidents they may indulge into abusive unhealthy behaviors. The present was, therefore, undertaken to ascertain the level of psychological well-being, resilience and non suicidal self harm behaviors of adolescent females and also to determine the relationship among the three variables. The study also purported to assess the frequent types of self harm behaviors adolescent females indulge into. The sample was incidentally selected and comprised of 200 adolescent females falling in the age range of 16-18 years. The data was collected with the help of psychometric tools, namely, Psychological Well Being Questionnaire by Bhogle and Jaiprakash (1995); The Resilience Scale by Wagnild and Young (1993); and Inventory of Statements About Self-injury (ISAS)' by Klonsky and Olino (2008). Results revealed that adolescent females have better psychological well-being and are highly resilient. They indulge in self harm behaviors because they think that it helps them in regulating their affect, gives them thrill and a sense of autonomy. They also were found to get a sense of revenge when they indulge in non suicidal self harm. 78% adolescent females have reported that have harmed themselves at least once in their lifetime and approximately 44% reported that they experienced pain during such incidents. Surprisingly, 85% of the females reported that they want to stop such behaviors. This definitely indicates that they are well aware of the consequences of such behaviors. The study has implications in the form of developing interventions to help adolescent females abstain from indulging in such behaviors. |
Page: 385-390 Shinchel Lingzerpa and Satyananda Panda (Department of Psychology, School of Human Sciences, Sikkim University, Gangtok, Sikkim) Although Sikkim is known to be one of the most peaceful states in India, there are various issues that have gripped the state. One such issue is the rampant use of alcohol and other substances. The present study explored the possible causes and consequences of substance abuse in Sikkim by using qualitative research approach. In-depth interviews were carried out with 17 individuals 10 male in-patients from Sikkim diagnosed with substance use disorder (SUD), 3 physicians and 2 counsellors dealing with patients with SUD, and 2 first-degree relatives of in-patients suffering from SUD. Results showed that majority of the male in-patients (80%) were indulged in multiple substances. The most common causes for initiation of substances as reported by in-patients, relatives, physicians, and counsellors were: enjoyment, curiosity, relieving stress, drinking culture, and easy availability. They also reported that the consumption of substances led to academic, financial, social and behavioural problems, along with deterioration of health, psychological problems like low self-confidence, isolation and increased sadness. Physicians and counsellors also reported that the majority of the patients seeking treatment also had a family history of SUD. They also reported that the most common reasons for wanting to quit the substances are deteriorating health and wanting to rebuild trust and relationships. The findings of the research suggest that there is an urgent need to conduct a thorough research on trends of substance use in Sikkim and to develop suitable intervention strategies to reduce the increasing rate of Substance Use Disorders in Sikkim. |
Page: 391-395 Rohafza Ali (Department of Applied Psychology, Amity University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates) Sonakshi Ruhela (Department of Psychology, Amity University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates) The present study is aimed at understanding the relationship between insomnia and emotional distress. The goal is to demonstrate how the former increases the risk of the latter and vice versa. Insomnia is defined as a clinical disorder characterized by difficulty in maintaining sleep that is associated with significant daytime impairment or distress. Insomnia is a significant public health problem because of its high prevalence and management challenges. There is increasing evidence of a strong association between insomnia and various medical and psychiatric comorbidities. Findings suggest that there is a close relation between sleep disorder and mental illness. Deprivation from sleep gives rise to several disorders such as depression, anxiety, stress, etc. It also affects one's health causing, hearth problems, trouble in breathing, and death inn elderly people. Because mental illness and sleep disorders are so closely correlated, experts recommend ensuring both are assessed and treated promptly, and suggest patients develop good sleep habits to promote healthy sleep. Patients and their families are also encouraged to watch for signs of sleep disruption, as they could be predictors of worsening mental health. |
