IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review is an indexed and refereed journal published monthly by the Indian Association of Health, Research, and Welfare (IAHRW). IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review likely aims to promote interdisciplinary research in social sciences by providing a platform for scholars, academicians, and professionals. Its primary objectives include fostering discussions on contemporary social issues, policy-making, and human development while encouraging evidence-based research in sociology, psychology, political science, economics, and cultural studies. The journal focuses on areas such as social behavior, education, governance, gender studies, mental health, and societal well-being. Its goals include publishing high-quality research, supporting academic discourse, and contributing to knowledge that influences social policies and community development. IAHRW IJSSR is a peer-reviewed journal, and the papers are published after a review process by the review panel of the journal. This journal has been published regularly since 2013. For more details write to us at iahrw2019@gmail.com
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, President Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare
Editorial Office: 1245/4, Mohalla Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: suneil.psy@gmail.com
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: IAHRW Publications Pvt. Ltd
ISSN: 2347-3797 (print version)
ISSN: . (electronic version)
Frequency: Monthly
Indexing: EBSCOhost Connection Two, Academic Search Complete, The Belt and Road Initiative Reference Source, Cogito Indexing Text, Academic Search Ultimate, Academic Search Main Edition, Biomedical Index, Google Scholar Crawl Database, SocINDEX with Full Text, Sociology Source Ultimate, ProQuest, I-scholar, Google Scholar and National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating 4.42
CHIEF EDITOR
Sunil Saini, PhD
Indian Association of Health Research and Welfare, Hisar, Haryana, India
INTERNATIONAL EDITORIAL BOARD
Rankoana Sejabaledi Agnes, PhD, University of Limpopo, South Africa
Sakhile Manyathi, PhD, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
EDITORS
Anita Sharma, PhD, HP University, Shimla, HP
C R. Darolia, PhD, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana
Damanjit Sandhu, PhD, Punjabi University, Patiala
Jaspreet Kaur, PhD, Punjabi University Patiala
Ritesh Kumar Singh, PhD, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi
Radhy Shyam, PhD, MD University, Rohtak, Haryana
Rekha Sapra, PhD, University of Delhi, Delhi
Sandeep Singh, PhD, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana
Sangeeta Trama, PhD, Punjabi University, Patiala
Sunita Malhotra, PhD, Former Dean, MD University, Rohtak, Haryana
Waheeda Khan, PhD, SGT University, Gurugram
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, President Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare (IAHRW)
Editorial Office: 1245/4, Mohalla Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: iahrw2019@gmail.com, suneil_psy@iahrw.org
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare (IAHRW)
ISSN: 2347-3797 (print version)
ISSN: . (electronic version)
Frequency: Quarterly
Indexing: EBSCOhost Connection Two, Academic Search Complete, The Belt and Road Initiative Reference Source, Cogito Indexing Text, Academic Search Ultimate, Academic Search Main Edition, Biomedical Index, Google Scholar Crawl Database, SocINDEX with Full Text, Sociology Source Ultimate, ProQuest, I-scholar, Google Scholar and National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating 4.42Stellenbosch University, South Africa
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Author’s guidelines:
IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review (IJSSR) is a peer-reviewed research journal published quarterly by Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare. The IJSSR is indexed with EBSCO, J-Gate, etc. The journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of scientific excellence in the area of Anthropology, Sociology, Psychology, Education, Social Work, Political Science, Management, Commerce, Economics, Mass Media, History, Political Sciences, Geography, History and other related fields. IJSSR is published monthly now
Manuscripts should be submitted in the format outlined in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th edition) and should be sent via email at iahrw2010@gmail.com. The papers are reviewed by professional reviewers who have specialized expertise in the respective area, and to judge the quality of the paper in a time bound and confidential manner. The paper shall be review by double blind review process.
Permission
Authors wishing to include figures, tables, or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and online format and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.
Online Submission
Please follow the hyperlink “Submit online” on the right and upload all of your manuscript files following the instructions given on the screen.
The title page should include:
• The name(s) of the author(s)
• A concise and informative title
• The affiliation(s) and address(es) of the author(s)
• The e-mail address, and telephone number(s) of the corresponding author
Abstract
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Keywords
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Main Text
Manuscripts should be submitted in Word.
Tables
Tables should be as per APA format
References
References should be as per APA format as follows
• Journal article
Panda, T., Lamba, V., Goyal, N., Saini, S., Boora, S., Cruz. (2018). Psychometric Testing in Schools. Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing, 8(2), 213–245.
• Article by DOI
Slifka, M. K., & Whitton, J. L. (2000) Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. Journal of Molecular Medicine, doi:10.1007/s001090000086
• Book
Calfee, R. C., & Valencia, R. R. (1991). APA guide to preparing manuscripts for journal publication. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
• Book chapter
O’Neil, J. M., & Egan, J. (1992). Men’s and women’s gender role journeys: Metaphor for healing, transition, and transformation. In B. R. Wainrib (Ed.), Gender issues across the life cycle (pp. 107–123). New York: Springer.
• Online document
Abou-Allaban, Y., Dell, M. L., Greenberg, W., Lomax, J., Peteet, J., Torres, M., & Cowell, V. (2006). Religious/spiritual commitments and psychiatric practice. Resource document. American Psychiatric Association. https://web.archive.org/web/20100308014645/http://www.psych.org:80/edu/other_res/lib_archives/archives/200604.pdf. Accessed 25 June 2007.
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Authors will be asked to transfer copyright of the article to the Publisher (or grant the Publisher exclusive publication and dissemination rights). This will ensure the widest possible protection and dissemination of information under copyright laws.
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The purpose of the proof is to check for typesetting or conversion errors and the completeness and accuracy of the text, tables and figures. Substantial changes in content, e.g., new results, corrected values, title and authorship, are not allowed without the approval of the Editor. After online publication, further changes can only be made in the form of an Erratum, which will be hyperlinked to the article.
Ethical Guidelines for the author
• Authors should adhere to publication requirements that submitted work is original and has not been published elsewhere in any language. Work should not be submitted concurrently to more than one publication unless the editors have agreed to co-publication. If articles are co-published this fact should be made clear to readers.
• Copyright material (e.g. tables, figures or extensive quotations) should be reproduced only with appropriate permission and acknowledgement.
• Relevant previous work and publications, both by other researchers and the authors’ own, should be properly acknowledged and referenced.
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• The research literature serves as a record not only of what has been discovered but also of who made the discovery. The authorship of research publications should therefore accurately reflect individuals’ contributions to the work and its reporting.
• In cases where major contributors are listed as authors while those who made less substantial, or purely technical, contributions to the research or to the publication are listed in an acknowledgement section, the criteria for authorship and acknowledgement should be agreed at the start of the project.
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• All authors should agree to be listed and should approve the submitted and accepted versions of the publication. Any change to the author list should be approved by all authors including any who have been removed from the list. The corresponding author should act as a point of contact between the editor and the other authors and should keep co-authors informed and involve them in major decisions about the publication (e.g. responding to reviewers’ comments).
• Authors should work with the editor or publisher to correct their work promptly if errors or omissions are discovered after publication.
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• Researchers should publish all meaningful research results that might contribute to understanding. In particular, there is an ethical responsibility to publish the findings of all clinical trials. The publication of unsuccessful studies or experiments that reject a hypothesis may help prevent others from wasting time and resources on similar projects. If findings from small studies and those that fail to reach statistically significant results can be combined to produce more useful information (e.g. by meta-analysis) then such findings should be published.
• Authors should supply research protocols to journal editors if requested (e.g. for clinical trials) so that reviewers and editors can compare the research report to the protocol to check that it was carried out as planned and that no relevant details have been omitted. Researchers should follow relevant requirements for clinical trial registration and should include the trial registration number in all publications arising from the trial.
• IAHRW and editors of IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review assume no responsibility for statements and opinions advanced by the authors of its articles.
Plagiarism
The acceptance rate depends upon
the below 10% plagiarism (Turnitin Software) and reviewers’ feedback and
recommendations.
AI-Generated Content Policy
The IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review follows ethical publishing standards and may have
specific policies regarding the use of AI in research and writing. Authors are
expected to disclose the use of AI tools in manuscript preparation, ensuring
that AI-generated content does not compromise originality, accuracy, or ethical
integrity. For precise guidelines, it is recommended to refer to the journal’s
official policy.
Conflict of Interest Policy
Authors are required to disclose on the title page of the initial manuscript any potential, perceived, or real conflict of interest. Authors must describe the direct/indirect financial/personal support (ownership, grants, honorarium, consultancies, etc.) in (1) the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; (2) the writing of the report; and (3) the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Authors should explicitly mention on the cover page that whether potential conflicts do or do not exit. A declaration should be made on the cover page for all types of conflicts that could affect submission to publication of a manuscript. The role of funding agencies should be clearly mentioned.
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, President Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare
Editorial Office: 1245/18, Moh. Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India,
Email: suneil.psy@gmail.com,
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: IAHRW
ISSN: 2347-3797 (print version)
ISSN: . (electronic version)
Frequency: Monthly
Indexing: EBSCO, i-scholar
Peer Review
All content of the IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review is subject to peer-review. The Editor first checks and evaluates the submitted manuscript, examining its fit and quality regarding its significance, manuscript format, research quality. If it is suitable for potential pubication, the Editor directs the manuscript for Plagiarism check, and the minimum similarity acceptable is below 20% without references. After that, editor directs the manuscript to two reviewers, with both being experts in the field. This journal employs double-blind review, wehre the author and referee remains anonymous througout the process. Referees are asked to avaluate whetehr the manuscript is original, makes a theoretical contribution to the study, methodoogy is sound, follos appropriate ethical guidelines, whether the results are clearly presented and sufficient supporting studies are given and support the conclusion. The time for evaluation is approximately one month. The Editor’s decision will be sent to the author with recommendations made by the referees. Revised manuscripts might be returned to the initial referees who may then request another revision of the manuscript. After both reviewer’s feedback, the Editor decides if the manuscript will be rejected, accepted with revision needed or accepted for publication. The Editor’s decision is final. Regerees advise the Editor, who is responsible for the final decision to accept or reject the article.
Compaint policy
We ain to respond to and resolve all complaints quickly. All complaints will be acknowledged within a week. For all matters related to the policies, procedures, editorial content, and actions of the editorial staff, the decision of the Editor-in-Chief shall be final. The procedure to make a complaint is easy. It can be made by writing an email to editor: iahrw@iahrw.org
Confict of Interest Policy
Transparency and objectiity in research are essential for publication in this journal. These principles are strictily followed in our peer review process and decision of publication. Manuscript submissions are assigned to reviewers in an effort to minimize potential conflicts of interest. After papers are assigned, individual reviewers are required to inform the editor-in-chief of any conflict.
Page: 82-87
Kuldeep Malik (Department of Geography, Pt. NRS Govt. College, Rohtak, Haryana)
Livelihood consists of capabilities, assets and activities required to make a living. Occupation is also one of the most important variables to find out the socio-economic status at an individual level. The majority of people engaged in agriculture and allied activities, i.e., animal husbandry, trading of animals (sale & purchase) and sale of fodder and so on. This paper discusses the rural livelihood patterns of agrarian communities in district Rohtak. Livelihood pattern is based on five components, i.e., human capital, social capital, financial capital, physical assets and natural assets. In order to analyze the structural features and livelihood pattern of agrarian communities in rural area these five components related to capitals and assets are considered for discussion and analysis. The aspects of agriculture such as of production of crops, irrigated and non-irrigated area are essential for cultivation of crops. Hence, the role of irrigation is vital to study the viability of livelihood. Some other variables of livelihood depend such as level and source of income for their survival of agrarian communities are also taken into account. Income is more important economic variable, not only affect the per capita income and standard of living but also affect other's cultural and social aspects of society. Agriculture and allied activities is main source of income of agrarian people in rural area in Haryana state. |
Page: 88-91
Sucheta Yadav (Department of Geography, Pt. NRS, Govt. College, Rohtak, Haryana)
Demographic profile of women in any country reflects the overall status of women. Economic development of any country significantly depends upon the participation rates of its women. Women's empowerment is crucial for raising their living standards and well-being. India is a country of diversity regarding the wide geographical, cultural and social variations. Haryana is known as one of the developed states of India, but even then there is prevailing much gender-based inequality and male dominance in all dimensions of life. The position of women in Mahendergarh district of Haryana is no better than the other districts of Haryana. The objective of the paper is to understand the demographic profile of women status in Mahendergarh District, Haryana as per Census 2011. It reveals the three main indicators sex ratio, women literacy and her work participation in the process of their empowerment with special attention to the gender perspective. This paper will examine the regional disparity of sex ratio, literacy rate and female work participation and the improvement of empowerment of women in the Mahendergarh district state of Haryana. |
Page: 92-95
Jogender Singh Khokher (Department of Geography A.I. Jat H.M. College, Rohtak, Haryana)
Human requirements are met by water in numerous ways. Human life is not conceivable without water. Safe and widely accessible water is crucial for maintaining public health, whether it is used for drinking, food production or other home uses. Access to clean water and its improved and treated sources are able to stop the spread of water-borne diseases. Consuming contaminated water is a major factor in the transmission of the bacteria that cause water-borne illnesses. Along with the use of contaminated drinking water, poor sanitation and poor hygiene habits as a high incidence of water-borne diseases in India. The majority of rural Indians deal with numerous difficulties brought by unsafe and unclean drinking water. The major water borne diseases found in these regions were typhoid fever, hepatitis A and E, cholera, bacillary dysentery, various diarrheal disorders and other gastrointestinal illnesses. These diseases are causing pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, parasites and protozoa. The main objective of this study is to gather data on how well-informed the rural community is on safe drinking water, sources of safe water and diseases that are spread by water. Another goals of the study are to identify waterborne diseases, and associated problems and recommend solutions to address such problems in the study area. In the present study both primary and secondary data was used and fully summarized in the data analysis section. |
Page: 96-97
Urmila Sabharwal (Department of Geography, Pt. N.R.S. Govt. College, Rohtak, Haryana)
Water is one of the most important natural resources. Life on earth depends on water. Water is the treasure of the world. It is nectar for human society. It is possible to live without food, but living without drinking water even for a few days is definitely life-threatening (Gleick, 1993). Water has been called medicine in Rigveda (Goyat, 2018). Therefore water is one of the basic needs of life. That's why we all know very well that water is life. This is the reason that all the civilizations developed in those places where water was available. It is well known that the occurrence of a high proportion of diseases and deaths worldwide is linked to unsafe drinking water. Therefore, the availability of potable or safe drinking water is an important element in improving health and nutritional status. Without proper management and planning, water scarcity has been felt even in those areas where water availability is adequate. A similar problem has been observed in Siwara village of Bawani Khera tehsil of Bhiwani district. Due to a lack of proper management in the study area, people are facing the problem of drinking water. Some of the shortcomings of management have been highlighted in this research paper. |
Page: 98-103
Poonam Phogat and Vasundhra Verma (Department of Psychology, Gargi College, University of Delhi, Delhi)
In recent times, digital consumers have access to a variety of MHApps but choosing one that's useful presents a challenge. Google and Apple's digital marketplaces offer approximately 20,000 MHApps. In India, relying on such apps to understand and improve mental health issues remains ambiguous due to the stigma attached. MHApps may facilitate skill building, endorse psychoeducation, and self-monitoring features to treat and improve clinical symptomatology. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate prior research studies on the effectiveness of social media tools and MHApps on various digital platforms. The study drew on governmental statistics in addition to secondary data derived from national and international journals, websites, Google and Apple app stores. Using MHApps is a potential way to enhance well-being as they provide coping strategies in the absence of clinicians and in immediate crisis situations. However, with a lack of options depending on one's preferences and features such as personalization, control, trust, poor customer service, security and unaffordability usage becomes difficult. Without awareness among people designing MHApps would be misleading. Consequently, randomized control trials (RCTs) on larger sample sizes are needed to measure the effectiveness of such apps. Despite the claims and usage of MHApps, it is evident that adherence remains seemingly low, therefore offering cost-effective ways to incorporate an array of system features and strategies to manage mental health and well-being on devices should be integrated. For legitimizing such apps intervention by professional clinicians and empirical evidence based-methods are needed in their development to help alleviate symptoms. To make MHApps more effective in the Indian context, cross-cultural differences should be examined. |
Page: 104-110
Suzanne Ngasseppam (Department of Travel and Tourism, Mount Carmel College Autonomous, Bangalore, Karnataka)
The historical significance of the Imphal War has made tourists, mainly scholars and war tourists from all around the world visit Imphal, Manipur each year, with a significant number of tourists mainly from Japan. The purpose of this study is to find out what measures the Indian government and the Japanese government has taken while developing the war sites. There are many tourists keen on getting to know the history behind the war and its effects. The data of this study are collected through open-ended questionnaires and articles related to the Imphal War tourist sites. The main findings from the study are that Japanese tourists visit Manipur each year to pay tribute to the deceased soldiers of the Imphal War and the Japanese government has collaborated with the state government to preserve the war sites recently. Henceforth we can say that India and Japan are one step towards enhancing their bond, mostly due to their pertinence to war. |
Page: 111-116
Acharya Balkrishna1, Shalini Bhatt,2, Nidhi Sharma,3, Deepika Srivastava,4, and Vedpriya Arya5 (Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, Uttarakhand1,2,3,4,5 and Department of Allied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Haridwar, Uttarakhand1)
Tribes are generally established as a stage or category of society that lacks the positive characteristics of modern culture, resulting in a simple, ignorant, and backward community. Gujarat comprises 8.1 percent of the country's Scheduled Tribe population. Relying solely on agriculture for improving the socio-economic status of the tribal communities could not serve as a reliable source because of the uneven geographical attributes of the landscape. The state government has made a concerted effort to develop Scheduled Tribes dominated areas. The State's initiatives for Scheduled Tribes have a long-term objective of improving their quality of life by enhancing and ensuring their right to schooling, health care, and economic development. This can be characterized by the State government's massive initiatives in the formation and implementation of different various programs and innovative schemes toward the sustainable livelihood and development of the tribal regions. The present study is an effort to review the insights of all the government-initiated programs that aim to enhance the socio-economic status of these schedule tribes. The study also focused to analyze the impact of these schemes on the growth of tribes without affecting their inherent culture and lifestyle. |
Page: 117-128
J. Lalu Naik1, K. Surendranadha Reddy2, and M. Surendra3 (Department of Anthropology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh1,2 and Department of Sociology & Anthropology, College of Business and Social Sciences, Adi Keih, Eritrea, East Africa3)
This case study focuses on the participation of women street vendors in the central business area of Asmara, Eritrea, particularly around the chicken market and outlying streets. Women who fail to find jobs in the formal sector engage in alternative work in the informal economy (street vending). Today, many street vendors depend on their illicit business to earn them and rescue themselves from different poverty levels. This case study seeks to examine the involvement of women in street vending activities. Therefore, this study aims to contribute to the apparent literature gaps by utilizing qualitative and ethnographic analysis of the cause of their participation and the problems they encounter. This study applied anthropological ethnographic fieldwork methodology. Furthermore, the study involved participant observation, semi-structured and in-depth interviews and photographs as a leading data collection method among the women vendors. Implementing these research methods examined the overall daily routine and livelihood of the street vending women. Additionally, focused on the reasons why they engaged and what practical problems they faced, both during the work in the street and other socio-cultural problems in their home, were examined and described in this literature. |
Page: 129-131
Iftikhar Arshad (Department of Arts (History), Prabhudhan Degree College, Bhorugram, Rajgarh, Churu, Rajasthan)
In recent years, environmental preservation has risen to prominence as a subject of paramount importance on the global agenda. Respect for human rights and care for the environment are interdependent and mutually beneficial. It is essential to thoroughly investigate the connection between these two concepts in order to develop a more sustainable ecology. On the issue of health, human rights and environmental law may find common ground. Many international treaties and conventions have been signed during the last four decades to protect human rights and the environment, expanding on the work begun at the Stockholm Conference in 1973. Because of poverty and a lack of resources to protect human rights, the environment is under significant stress. This article will examine human rights' influence on environmental law and the court's role in developing environmental jurisprudence. The article continues by discussing the numerous treaties and initiatives signed by international organizations and states to safeguard human rights and improve environmental quality. The article also analyzes the government's response, as well as the courts' interpretation of international accords and laws. |
Page: 132-133
Urmila Sabharwal (Department of Geography, Pt. Neki Ram Sharma Govt. College, Rohtak, Haryana)
This paper aims to examine the impact of pollution on the environment during festivals in India. Festivals are a significant part of Indian culture and play an important role in bringing people together. However, these festivals in recent years have started to significantly impact the environment. The present paper focuses on highlighting the impact on the environment during the celebration of major festivals such as Diwali, Holi, Durga Puja, and Ganesh Chaturthi. The elements of environmental pollution are air pollution, water pollution, and noise pollution. Further, the paper highlights the measures taken at various levels such as by individuals, governments, and non-government organizations to spread awareness among the public regarding the negative consequences. Finally, the paper concludes with a discussion on the importance of sustainable practices and how they can be incorporated into festival celebrations to ensure a better future for both people and the environment. |
Page: 134-136
Reena (Doctorate in Economics, Chanot, Hisar, Haryana)
The gravity model is a common practice base transportation costs on the distance travelled. Flow volumes and population size have a positive association, and there exists a negative association in distance and trade, i.e., when the two places in trade are separated by a great distance. Therefore, population size has a positive relation and distance has a negative relation. Empirical research also suggests that distance appears to reduce the total volume of trade in a country, and the gravity model shows the reverse relation. The present paper reviews understanding the gravity model and trade across countries. |
Page: 137-140
S.S. Joshi1, Pooja Singla2, and Tamanna3 (Deputy Librarian, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana1, Programmer, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana2 and GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana3)
Research plays an important role in the development of any country. In present scenario research oriented countries are developing like anything. The main hindrance coming in to the way of research is stealing someone else's research material and presenting the same by own name. to curb such practice, the term 'Plagiarism” came in to existence. Every educational institutional trying hard to stop the mentality of researchers with respect to copying the research work of other persons. Various software is taking place to check the plagiarism before submission of research work. Turnitin is one of the best and reliable software used for the purpose these days. The paper will highlight the concept of plagiarism and use of Turnitin in research work. |
Page: 141-143
Renu (Department of Psychology, Government PG College, Sec-1, Panchkula, Haryana)
Social intelligence is the ability of an individual to comprehend the feelings and emotions of other individuals and respond according to the situations in everyday life. Social intelligence is necessary for leading a successful life in society. According to Edward Thorndike," social intelligence is the ability to understand and manage men and women and girls, to act wisely in human relations". Therefore, understanding social intelligence in everyday life is very important to make healthy relations and avoid unhealthy and negative relationships. The present paper is focused on various aspects of social intelligence and how to improve it in everyday life. |
Page: 144-145
Rupal Hooda1, Sachin Chawla2, and Sudesh Gandhi3 (Department of Family Resource Management, COHS, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana1,3, School of Health Sciences, OSGU, Hisar, Haryana2)
Ageing adversely affects the fine motor skills and activities associated with writing, sewing, and typing etc. For older people it is more challenging to grasp, push or pull anything. A study was conducted on the elderly people of Hisar city to access the socio-economical status, features and fixtures of elderly houses. From different localities of the city, 100 elderly respondents were selected each from living without families. More than half of the elderly's house (58.0%) had simple wooden doors and also, it was reported that D-handle (60.0%) with simple door lock (68.0%) were used in maximum of the elderly's house. |
Page: 390-395 Mohammad Khalid Khawrin (Department of Judgement and Prosecution, Kunduz University, Afghanistan) Internet users are boosting daily. Gujarat University students surf the internet daily for 5 hours and 36 minutes. It is most important to elaborate on the cyberbullying behavior with gender difference, age, and daily internet surfing association to highlight the misusing point of the internet. This study was conducted by voluntary students at the Gujarat University from (130) sample of both genders (69, 61) respectively. Random sampling design was used. Data was collected through the Revised Cyberbullying Inventory-II (RCBI-II) which is a standardized scale. Its reliability was rechecked for cyberbullying and cyber victim (.791, .840) respectively. The Pearson Product-Moment Correlation and Independent Samples t-test methods were used for analyzing the data. The results showed that daily Internet surfing was significantly correlated with cyberbullying and cyber victim behavior (p <.000, p=.016) respectively. Besides, age also proved a significant relationship between cyberbullying and cyber victim (p=.023, p=.001) respectively. Similarly, the gender difference was significantly important in cyberbullying behavior (p = .010). |
Page: 396-402 Cinjumol Thomas2 and Lucila O. Bance2 (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines1 and Department of Psychology, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines2) This research scrutinized the efficacy of the online Positive Cognitive Processing Intervention (PCPI) Program in reducing psychological distress among the children of alcoholic fathers. A three-phased mixed-method research design was used in this study. The first phase was the qualitative phenomenological design, the intervention program was developed in the second phase, followed by the implementation of the program's effectiveness through ABA experimental design in the third phase. The online PCPI program is a six-module intervention implemented over a six-week period. Its efficacy is tested using a “one group pretest post-test”, comprising 20 children of alcoholic fathers. These twenty participants were randomly assigned to the qualitative phase and experimental phase. The study assessed the level of psychological distress by utilizing Kessler Psychological Distress Scale research instrument. Paired sample t-test was used for data analyses and Cohen's d test measured the extent of the effectiveness of the program. The results of paired sample t-test revealed a statistically significant effect. Large effect size of Cohen's d indicates the superiority of the intervention. Thus, the online PCPI program proved to be efficacious in reducing psychological distress among the children of alcoholic fathers. |
Page: 403-408 Shyla Thomas Puthusserry1 and Clarissa F. Delariarte2 (Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Philippines1,2 and Far Eastern University, Philippines2, De La Salle University, Philippines2) After the widespread of COVID-19, the stressful situation negatively affected the women's menstrual cycle and increased the severity of the premenstrual syndrome. This qualitative study presents evidence of young women's perceptions and experiences of Premenstrual dysphoric symptoms, which may support the provision of individualized health care during stressful conditions. Purpose. We use simple thematic analysis to explore young college students' constructions about the subjective experiences of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Method. A qualitative, semi-structured interview study was conducted in the Karnataka state of India. After the initial screening process of 400 college students randomly selected, ten were included in personal interviews, and eight participated in focus group discussions. Results. Five global themes emerged from the thematic analysis. The identified themes are further labeled as cognitive, emotional, behavioral, physical, Social, and Cultural issues. These themes suggested that young women experiencing PMDD symptoms have limited knowledge about the individual variability of menstrual experiences. Only a few participants are aware of the differences between PMS and PMDD. Most of them are unwilling to take any antidepressant medication and hesitate to visit the health care unit because of the stigma, social differentiation, and fear of the side effect of drugs. Most young women reported that premenstrual phenomena negatively affect their daily life, mainly their academic performances and social relationships. And during COVID-19, symptoms increased, and many said suicidal thoughts and confused mental status. Conclusions. Young female college students are the most affected group due to premenstrual disorder. People in our society need to be educated about the negative impact of social and cultural stigma related to menstruation-related issues. We hope authorities will develop appropriate strategies and intervention programs to treat premenstrual-related problems as early as possible. |
Page: 409-411 Sejabaledi A. Rankoana (Department of Sociology, Anthropology University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa) The goal of secondary prevention is to halt the transmission of infectious diseases. This review describes the indigenous preventive health care practice applied to reduce the spread of infectious diseases. Secondary data from medical anthropological studies conducted among the Bapedi group in South Africa's Limpopo Province were reviewed to identify indigenous preventive practices used to limit infectious disease transmission. The review results present one exceptional indigenous preventive method used as a secondary preventive method. Isolation is a commonly used preventive method used to slow the spread of infectious diseases at the household level for the benefit of the community. This preventive strategy is comparable to the standard quarantine strategy used when someone exhibits COVID-19 symptoms like the flu, a fever, or a cough. The study suggests that preventive health care projects and programs should take into account the preventive health care practices of local communities in order to empower those communities to employ their own cultural practices to reduce illness vulnerability. |
Page: 412-415 Noorulhaq Seddiqi and Ahmad Atef (Department of Mathematic, Faculty of Education, Herat University, Afghanistan) The purpose is to investigate the relationship between Teaching professional skills and teaching effectiveness in math subjects among primary school teachers in Herat City. The research population is the primary school teachers of Herat city. A sample size of 448 primary school teachers has been assessed with a self-assessment scale, and 48 teachers have been observed during their teaching process. The findings indicate there are issues in skills development teaching methods. Providing continuous training for teachers to make them coordinate with education goals and methods is inevitable. The research findings also showed that the teachers do not relate the teaching material to the students' real life as much as expected. Furthermore, teachers often try to convey the course content to students through a passive method instead of guiding students and motivating them to hypothesize, creative thinking, and solve problems. On the other hand, teacher training programs and in-service education do not have a close relationship with teaching modern theories. Therefore, the programs and methods need to be reviewed and revised. |
Page: 422-426 Neda Mehrjoyan (Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tehran, Iran) The general purpose of this research was to investigate the mediating role of job satisfaction in the effect of emotional intelligence on the organizational health of physical education teachers in Shushtar. According to the set goals, the current research was applied and of a descriptive-survey type. The statistical population of this research consists of physical education teachers of Shushtar city (546 people), of which 225 people were selected as the research sample based on the Kerjesi and Morgan table by simple random drawing. In this research, library methods and field methods were used to collect data in this research. The data collection tools included questionnaires of personal characteristics and information (created by the researcher), emotional intelligence questionnaire of H. Weisinger and organizational health questionnaire of "Hoy et al." In this research, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. To analyze the data and test the research hypotheses, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the structural equation method, and the independent sample t-test are used with the help of SPSS and PLS software. In addition, α level is considered 0.05 for all tests. The results showed: emotional intelligence has a positive and significant effect on organizational health and job satisfaction. |
Page: 422-426 Lavanya, A., Varsha Rani, Veenu Sangwan, and Pragati Godara (Department of Foods and Nutrition, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana) Teff (Eragrostis tef) is a whole grain that is gluten-free and rich in nutrients, which has increased the popularity of goods based on it. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolour L.) is a vital nutritious crop and is mostly used for porridge-like traditional foods. Most cereals and starch-based foods can benefit from adding soybean (Glycine max) as a source of high-quality, low-cost protein and polyunsaturated fatty acids to increase the quantity and quality of their protein content. Although low in sulphur, it contains the amino acids methionine and cysteine and is rich in calcium, iron, and several B vitamins. Therefore, this present study aims to optimize the level of incorporation of teff, sorghum and soybean grain and flour blends to prepare value-added traditional foods such as injera, porridge and malt-based porridge through evaluation of organoleptic acceptability. The control, type I, type II and type III formulations were developed using teff, sorghum and soybean blends. The result suggests that blending teff, sorghum, and soybean in a ratio of 50:30:20 significantly improved sensory quality and fell in the group of “liked very much”. These types of traditional food preparations can be eaten and liked by all age groups. This present study showed that the blending ratio and processing conditions such as soaking, fermentation and malting involved in traditional food preparations like injera, porridge and malt porridge significantly influenced sensory characteristics of blended grain or flour and also improved the sensory quality of developed foods. |
Page: 427-429 Liby Leo Akkara and Jaya A. T. (Department of Psychology, Prajyoti Niketan College, Pudukad, Thrissur, Kerala) The danger of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a chronic illness, adversely affecting a person's mental health is high. Stressors and other consequences of HIV are affecting people's quality of life in a significant way. To manage all HIV-related negative outcomes people easily adopt certain coping strategies and use them consistently. Coping and social support are perceived as potential contributing elements in the survival journey and researchers emphasized them as an ineludible pair. Even though there are studies about the effectiveness of functional coping mechanisms, there are not many details about the different aspects of social support and how it directly affects coping. The goal of the present study is to explore the relationship between coping and aspects of social support among people living with HIV. 147 HIV-positive individuals in Kerala had their social support and coping mechanisms evaluated. Both personal interviews and questionnaires were used to conduct the assessment. Utilizing the bivariate correlation approach, the data were examined. Using coping mechanisms were positively connected with social support. The respondents used a range of coping mechanisms and reported high levels of social support. |
Page: 430-432 Vandana Sharma1 and Niyati Garg2 (Department of Psychology, S.D. (P.G.) College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh1 and Meerut College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh2) When an individual responds and decide things on the basis of one's internal cues without being affected by social surroundings or perceptions it is called Field independence. The aim of the present research work was to analyse the difference between college students who were high or low field independent with regard to their level of psychological distress. A sample of 180 college students from Meerut city, India was taken for the present study. Spiritual Intelligence Scale by Singh, Singh, and Kaur (2010) and C.M.I. Health Questionnaire by Wig, Pershad, and Verma (1983) were used to measure Field Independence and Psychological Distress respectively and t-test was used to analyze the difference between two groups .It was observed that students who scored higher on field independence have scored lower on all the dimensions as well as psychological distress as a whole. Difference between high and low field- independent groups was found significant at .05 level of confidence with regard to depression, anxiety, sensitivity and anger while inadequacy, tension and psychological distress as a whole were found significant at .01 level of confidence. The Result suggested that students with high field independence were found significantly less psychologically distressed in terms of inadequacy, depression, anxiety, sensitivity, anger and tension. |
Page: 433-436 Monika Sarsana and Vinod Kumari (Department of Sociology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana) This study examines the nature and extent of women employment in rural areas. In the contemporary world, women's role is not essentially limited to household chores and farm activities. Over the past decades, globally there is a substantial rise in rate of women education and employment but the proportion of Indian women in work has been declining. This is due to the role of women in home production. Indian women particularly in rural areas, have to play multiple roles such as a participant in labour force for supplementing family income and in addition they have a central role in food chain activities. A survey was carried out to assess the nature and extent of 120 women engaged in four major types of occupations in rural areas of Hisar and Panchkula districts of Haryana. Nature of job, duty hours, wage amount, physical status of job and wage act knowledge were found to be highly significant with the type of employment. Data collected exhibited that all the labourers had a temporary nature of their job contrary to that 10% of the government employees were permanent at their job. More than three fifth of the respondents were earning less than Rs.10, 000 per month whereas only 8.3% respondents were earning more than Rs.30, 000 per month. Out of all the respondents, only 35% had full knowledge of wage act rest had partial or no knowledge. It's very important to enhance the women's work participation in productive employment also additional work burden requires support such as child care facilities to ease other domestic responsibilities which remains with women. |
Page: 437-441 Vinod and Punam Midha (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana) Youth culture is glorified which is indeed empowered by social media which has created digital natives whose wealth laden mindset is very much prevalent, who are miraculously under the influence of social media, which no doubt shapes their pattern of behaviour. Nowadays the challenges of social media in terms of promoting social illnesses are increasing rapidly. With these notions in mind, the present study is an attempt to assess affluenza, usage of social media and to explore the role of social media in cultivating affluenza among young adults. A purposive sample of students ranging from 20-22 years from Delhi NCR was taken and data were statistically analysed. The findings revealed the moderate level of affluenza among youth and high level of usage of social media where maximum usage is reflected in the domain of information followed by academics, entertainment and least for socialization. Further correlation analyses indicated that there existed positive significant moderate level of link between affluenza and usage of social media. The maximum positive relationship between the socialization has been found with affluenza thereby indicating that interaction with others may primarily serve as a major source of affluenza. The current findings have unravelled the hidden adverse impact of usage of social media on adults' mind. |
