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Page: 379-384
Amanjit Kaur and Ramandeep Singh (School of Business Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Punjab)

In this paper, we measure the perception and attitude of agripreneurs (agricultural-entrepreneurs) towards social media usage in agribusiness and analyze its relationship with the socio-economic traits of agripreneurs. Data was collected using a survey, that was completed by 200 agripreneurs from the state of Punjab, India. The use of different social media platforms for agribusiness purposes was analyzed by using SPSS software. Results showed that the agripreneurs in Punjab have a positive attitude towards social media usage in agribusiness, providing a wealth of ideas and knowledge, networking with large audiences, creating discussion platforms, and developing sustained agribusiness communications. Although age, education, and farming experience of agripreneurs are considered critical factors that determine the perception and attitude of agripreneurs towards the use of social media in agribusiness, no significant relationship is established with other socio-economic characteristics (gender, family size, land-holding size, & annual income). However, lack of awareness and know-how, time deficiency, lack of authenticity and relevancy in information, internet connectivity issues, meaningless conversations, falsely exaggeration of sensitive agrarian issues, and unfavorable institutional policies hinder its uses up to the optimal level in agribusiness and result in the low perception of agripreneurs towards social media tools for attaining agribusiness advantages. The agripreneurs should prepare a thorough social media marketing plan to leverage the opportunities derived from its use in agribusiness. Additionally, an adequate level of industry training is a must to make them aware of its utilization in agribusiness.

Page: 379-384Amanjit Kaur and Ramandeep Singh (School of Business Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Punjab)

Page: 385-387
Mushahid, Ilhaam1 and Khan, Shah Muhammad2 (Family Counsellor, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh1, Department of Psychology, A.M.U. Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh2)

In this article, Researchers made an attempt to examine the role of marriage and family type in understanding flow among dual career couples. A representative sample of 200 dual career couples comprised the sample of this study. The mean age of the couples was 36.68 years. Minimum age was 25 years and maximum was 54 years. Love marriage couples and couples from nuclear family had higher flow mean score than arrange marriage and joint family couples. The results revealed that there was a highly significant difference for flow based on types of marriage and family type. Implication of the study stated and suggestion for future research proposed.

Page: 385-387Mushahid, Ilhaam1 and Khan, Shah Muhammad2 (Family Counsellor, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh1, Department of Psychology…

Page: 388-391
Masood Maqbool1, Yasir Hassan Rather2, Fatima Ali Wani3, Zoya Shafat Mir4, Qurat ul Ann5, and Saima Banoo6 (Department of Psychiatry, IMHANS-Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir1,2,4,5,6 and Department of Psychology, University of Kashmir Jammu and Kashmir3)

Due to COVID 19 pandemics, the world has faced fear, loneliness, & other existential issues. Current research was an attempt to assess fear of COVID-19, Loneliness and Meaning in Life. A total of 102 individuals participated in the study and Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, & Meaning in Life Questionnaire were used to measure study variables. Results show significantly low scores in female gender on Meaning in Life (Presence). Education was found to better predicting the Fear of COVID-19 infection. It was concluded that fear of COVID-19 is still high in the population.

Page: 388-391Masood Maqbool1, Yasir Hassan Rather2, Fatima Ali Wani3, Zoya Shafat Mir4, Qurat ul Ann5…

Page: 392-396
Sharmistha Chakroborty and Nutan Vohra (Department of Psychology, Acharya Narendra Dev Nagar Nigam Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Kanpur CSJM University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh)

College life, an eagerly awaited time for every student, is also immensely influential because of the wide variety of experiences typically gathered during this phase. Along with an emerging social identity, the young students also face the challenge of adapting to greater social responsibilities as well as achievement of their social, emotional and aspirational needs. Given this scenario, a question worth investigating is, what can make the college students more adept at handling the various demands of life. Research evidence points to the fact that early attachment experiences and later affiliative bonds influence the success of this process. In this milieu, the present study investigated whether there exists a relationship between social safeness and resilience among 60 (30 male & 30 female) undergraduate college students using Social Safeness and Pleasure Scale (Gilbert et al., 2009) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 25 (Connors & Davidson, 2003). The results revealed that social safeness and resilience are positively related amongst the college students. Social safeness was also found to be a positive predictor of resilience.

Page: 392-396Sharmistha Chakroborty and Nutan Vohra (Department of Psychology, Acharya Narendra Dev Nagar Nigam Mahila…

Page: 397-402
Mahak Mathur and Sakshi Jain (Department of Psychology, IIS (Deemed to be University), Jaipur, Rajasthan)

The novel Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) infecting millions and killing thousands, has unsettle our lives creating hindrance and difficulties for meeting some of the utmost necessities. In times of health crisis, prosocial acts to safeguard or enhance the welfare of others are critical. The present study was conducted to assess experiences regarding prosocial acts and investigate how these experiences were predicted by adversity quotient, and resilience. This study, using Causal Research Design and Purposive Sampling assessed how the Resilience and Adversity Quotient of the young adults in India results in prosocial behaviour. The sample of the study consisted of 213 young emerging adults between the age group of 18-24 years. Three standardized scales, i.e., The new Adult's Prosocial Behaviour Scale (Caparra et al., 2005); The Brief Resilience Scale (Smith et al., 2008); and The Adversity Quotient profile (Stoltz, 2007) were used for analysing the purpose of the research. Findings of the study revealed that there is a significant correlation between Resilience and Prosocial behaviour. It also suggests that, even though adversity quotient is so strongly related with resilience, there is no significant association between adversity quotient and prosocial behaviour.

Page: 397-402Mahak Mathur and Sakshi Jain (Department of Psychology, IIS (Deemed to be University), Jaipur…

Page: 403-406
Pomi Mahanta, Sonia P. Deuri, and H. Sobhana (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, LGB Regional Institute of Mental Health
(Govt. of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare), Tezpur, Assam)

Adolescence is a period of transition that bridges two important life stages-childhood and adulthood. It is a period of biological, psychological and social changes. Disturbed family dynamics, peer pressure, inability to cope with studies, drug abuse, lack of competence and social pressures can accentuate the stress levels of adolescents. Equipping adolescents with life skills can help them to cope with the problems more effectively. Life skills Education (LSE) is hardly given credence in the most of the regular school curriculum across India. Introduction of LSE will prevent adverse impacts of the various psychosocial problems of adolescents and also help in reducing their occurrence. The objective of this review paper is to understand life skills and explore the significance of LSE programme. Articles related to life skills and adolescents, implementation of LSE program and health promotion using life skills were searched. Search engines Pub Med, Science Direct, PsychInfo, Research Gate were used to extract related articles. Relevant article were collected and reviewed. Results: Life skills have significant impact in the overall development of the adolescents. LSE helps adolescents for better adjustment with teachers and peers and increased coping, self esteem and pro-social behaviour. Introducing life skills in the early stage of adolescence will aid in the development of better psychosocial competence and skills. Introduction of LSE programme as a part of School Mental Health Program (SMHP) needs to be emphasized. It should also be included in the curriculum from the primary to higher secondary levels.

Page: 403-406Pomi Mahanta, Sonia P. Deuri, and H. Sobhana (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, LGB…

Page: 407-409
Sumalatha Vasudeva1 and Sumana Y.2 (Psychologist, Divine Counselling & Holistic Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka1 and M.D. Community Medicine, Consultant, Wellness, BGS Gleneagles Global Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka2)

The prevalence of anxiety, stress and depression are increasing worldwide with a huge implication on health and economy as well. The COVID 19 pandemic also has been having a huge toll on mental health at present. The present study aims to document the effect of Reiki therapy on anxiety, stress, and depression during such times as an easy and effective healing therapy. A cross sectional study was conducted between May-June 2021 among 49 study participants in Bengaluru city who sought psychological support for anxiety, stress or depression issues and had competed at least Level 1 of Reiki healing. Baseline scores of Anxiety Depression Stress (ADS) scales were documented. Energy ball exercise was done by the participants for period of 45 days and the ADS scale scores were recorded post exercise. Paired t test was done to document the mean differences in the scores pre and post Reiki exercise. There was decrease in the anxiety, stress, depression, and overall scores after Reiki exercise which indicates good improvement in anxiety, stress and depression. There was significant difference in the anxiety (p=0.001), stress (p=0.000) and depression (p=0.001) scores before and after energy ball exercise.

Page: 407-409Sumalatha Vasudeva1 and Sumana Y.2 (Psychologist, Divine Counselling & Holistic Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka1 and…

Pages:204-210
Edward Hoffman1, Ahrisue Choi2, and Kristin Mari Bongcaras3 (Department of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA1, Child Mind Institute New York, NY, USA2 and Department of Psychology, University of San Carlos, Cebu, Philippines3)

Growing research shows tourism as a contributor to personality growth. In this study, 217 native Filipino adults (mean age=22.7 years) were prompted to describe experiences of “wonderful happiness” during travel and indicate the travel purpose, when and where their peak-experience occurred, its catalyst and intensity, whether they were alone, and subsequent impact on their view of life. Additionally, they were asked if travel had ever facilitated problem-solving or decision-making and how. Nearly 83% reported a peak-experience involving travel. Peaks involving interpersonal joy were most frequent, followed by nature, personal growth, serenity/mindfulness, culture/aesthetics, culinary delight, skill mastery, external achievement, and materialism. More than 70% reported “very” or “extremely” intense peak-experiences, and 92.8% reported that it impacted their view of life. Over 80% who experienced a peak affirmed that travel aided decision-making. The implications of these findings for understanding growth aspects of travel are discussed, and future avenues of research are highlighted.

Pages:204-210Edward Hoffman1, Ahrisue Choi2, and Kristin Mari Bongcaras3 (Department of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York…

Pages:211-215
Elza Santha Eype and Jessy Fenn (Department of Psychology, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kochi, Kerala)

While humor styles across several countries have been studied, not many are available about India. This study aims to understand the usage of these different humor styles among Indian youth, gender differences if any, the interrelation among the styles and the relation of these styles of humor to perceived social support and social anxiety in 203 young adults. Humor Styles Questionnaire, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and Social Interaction Anxiety Scale was made use of to collect data. The study concluded that similar to other countries, affiliative style was the most used style by both the genders, females being higher on it. Positive humor styles were more frequently used than negative humor styles. Aggressive humor style was the least used, but males were significantly higher on it than females. There was a positive correlation between positive humor styles and the level of perceived social support and significant negative correlation between the social anxiety level and only the positive humor styles.

Pages:211-215Elza Santha Eype and Jessy Fenn (Department of Psychology, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kochi…

Pages:216-222
Meetu Khosla and Yashi Goel (Department of Psychology, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi)

India has a pluralistic system where people with mental health problems consult different local systems of healing, which can include Indian medicine (AYUSH), allopathic services, and folk or faith healing systems. These systems operate in parallel and there is limited collaboration between them. This study aimed at comparing the beliefs and attitudes towards traditional healing methods with the modern medical treatment procedures to understand their advantages and limitations and possibilities for collaboration. In-depth interviews using open-ended questionnaires (Khosla & Das, 2019) were conducted to know in detail about the motivations, attitudes, values, cultural beliefs and the rituals etc. of the traditional healers, medical practitioners and people seeking treatment from both. The traditional healers were from rural parts of Uttar Pradesh and the medical practitioner is employed in a hospital in urban area of Mumbai. Content analysis of the data was done and common themes that emerge provide an insight into the functioning of the traditional healing practices. The findings provide valuable inputs to develop integrative interventions combining traditional healing methods and medical treatment procedures in the best possible way for effective and holistic healing of the patients.

Pages:216-222Meetu Khosla and Yashi Goel (Department of Psychology, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi)

Pages:223-227
Joy O. Thuruthel and Joy R. Tungol (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines)

Students' burnout is an emerging research interest over the past few years. Burnout negatively influenced the psychological, physiological, social, and academic functioning and performances of students. The emergence of the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic has increased the mental health challenges of students. The current study examined the correlation between burnout and psychological well-being among the college students of South India, who are adapting to the virtual learning environment, behavioural changes in socialization, and are faced with varied uncertainties during the ongoing pandemic situation. The current study employed a predictive correlational research design in exploring the association between burnout and the psychological well-being among 521 sampled students gathered through purposive sampling. Study Burnout Inventory (SBI) and Ryff's Scale of Psychological Well-being (RSPW) scales were utilized to collect the research data. Results of the study showed that there is a significant negative correlation between burnout and the psychological well-being of college students with a p-value (0.00) (R = -.896). The examination of the possible predictive effects of the experience of burnout on psychological well-being (R2= .803) revealed that the higher experience of burnout leads to the lower psychological well-being of college students.

Pages:223-227Joy O. Thuruthel and Joy R. Tungol (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila…

Pages:228-231
S. Suparna (Department of Psychology, SDMPG center, Ujire, Karnataka)

Procrastination is a behavior mainly stemming from regulatory failure affecting people across various domains. Emotional regulation is an effective strategy that uses emotional management and emotional expression to reduce procrastination. Resilience is the ability to withstand adversity and maintain well-being and positive interpersonal relationships. The study aimed to understand if resilience plays a factor in strengthening the role of emotional regulation in decreasing procrastination. 80 participants were selected based on four IT job roles through snowball sampling. Lay's General Procrastination scale, Emotional regulation questionnaire (Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and resilience assessment quotient was assessed across the participants. The responses were analyzed through moderator analysis using a multiple regression model for the continuous moderating variables. The results of the study indicate that resilience acts as a moderating variable strengthening the negative relationship between cognitive reappraisal and procrastination. While it doesn't play a significant moderating role between expressive suppression and procrastination. Further, the study implies that organizations could build an educational framework on building resilience on the cognitive reappraisal to boost productive outcomes.

Pages:228-231S. Suparna (Department of Psychology, SDMPG center, Ujire, Karnataka)

Pages:232-235
Sherin Joseph and Rosalito De Guzman (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines)

The current study is supported by empirical evidence that depression can impair one's mental well-being. The high prevalence rate of adolescents with depression often harms their life. It affects the emotional, physical, and spiritual health of adolescents and reduces their psychological well-being. Thus, early prevention is needed, and more researches are required to raise awareness of this issue. The extensive literature shows that adolescent depression leads to poor PWB. In India, in recent years the prevalence of depression is alarmingly high and has become one of the most serious national illnesses. The goal of this study is to look into the link between PWB and depression in adolescents. This study included a correlation investigation between depression and PWB among 400 adolescents from India. The data for this study was gathered using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDl-11) and Ryff's Psychological Well-being measures (RPWB). The Pearson correlation coefficient revealed a very substantial negative correlation of .773 among depression and mental health, implying that low PWB has an impact on depression. This study emphasizes the growing public health problem of depression and calls for the implementation of an effective intervention program aimed at improving adolescents' PWB.

Pages:232-235Sherin Joseph and Rosalito De Guzman (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines)

Pages:236-241
Nilanjana Mitra and Anindita Chaudhuri (Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal)

The study is a quest to introspect into the lives of those persons who get easily discriminated or marginalized and consequently abandoned by the mainstream society. So, the obvious question that arises here is how these persons react to such discrimination and still maintain quality of life. From this perspective, the study aims to address the pitiful condition of such individuals who have been in sex-trade and also addresses the difficulties faced by Gender and sexual minority individuals. Thus it is interesting to see, in spite of heightened stigma faced by both the groups how they retain well-being and what factors add to their quality of life. To facilitate the study, 40 participants from each of the following groups were purposively selected: sex-workers and individuals belonging to gender and sexual minority groups, thus making a total sample size of 80 participants. The scales used for the present study were: PGI Quality of Life Scale, Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, Life Regard Index, Bharathiar University Resilience Scale and Life Orientation Test- revised. Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis had been done to find out the effect of the predictor variables viz. Happiness, Meaning in Life, Resilience and Life-orientation on Quality of Life, the Outcome variable. The results indicate that Happiness contributes largely to Quality of Life for the female sex-workers. This may be caused due to the fact that material prosperity and social rise often outweighs their prostitution stigma and adds to their well-being. In case of gender and sexual minority individuals the fulfillment part of meaning in life enhances their Quality of Life. This may be attributed to the fact that engaging in meaningful activities for the betterment of sexual and gender minority people add a sense of accomplishment and enhances their well-being.

Pages:236-241Nilanjana Mitra and Anindita Chaudhuri (Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal)

Pages:242-244
Balbinder Kumar1 and Swaran Lata2 (Department of Political Science, UILS, PUSSGRC, Hoshiarpur, Punjab1 and Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh2)

COVID-19 pandemic has triggered mental health crisis globally. The prime mental health manifestations are perceived stress and anxiety, depression, panic, insomnia, nightmares, annoyance, irritation and fright and terror of contracting the virus. Various stressors like quarantine, isolation, pay-cuts, unemployment, uncertainty about their present and future, fear of losing their dear ones, violence, abuse etc. have aggravated mental health threats. While the current scenario is affecting the mental health of all individuals, regardless of their age, gender or other demographics, complete holistic health - physical as well as mental health is required. For preferable mental health and to work for coping up with the COVID-19 pandemic optimism, hope, resilience, positive thinking, interpersonal relations, humour, relaxation, recreation and music should be practiced to cope up and survive in the pandemic.

Pages:242-244Balbinder Kumar1 and Swaran Lata2 (Department of Political Science, UILS, PUSSGRC, Hoshiarpur, Punjab1 and Department…

Pages:245-249
Bisman Kaur, Tejpreet Kaur Kang, and Seema Sharma (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, PAU, Ludhiana, Punjab)

The present investigation was conducted to explore the relationship of happiness and mental health among adolescents. The research was carried on 200 adolescents (Boys=100, Girls=100) in the age group of 14-17 years studying in urban Government Senior Secondary Schools in Ludhiana. The sample was randomly drawn from 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th grades. A self-structured General Information Sheet was used to collect the information about the demographic profile of adolescents. Mental Health Battery by Singh and Sengupta and Happiness Scale by Bharadawaj and Daas were the research instruments used to assess the status of adolescent's mental health and happiness respectively. Outcomes of the study suggested that there was a significant and positive correlation between mental health and happiness. From these results, it could be implied that happiness and related factors can be used as resources to positively impact the mental health of adolescents.

Pages:245-249Bisman Kaur, Tejpreet Kaur Kang, and Seema Sharma (Department of Human Development and Family Studies…

Pages:250-257
Navya Gedela, Seema Sharma, and Tejpreet Kaur Kang (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

The present study was conducted to assess the impact of spiritual intelligence on perceived stress among joint and nuclear families. The sample consisted of 160 youth aged between 23-24 years. Multi stage purposive random sampling was employed to draw sample from five constituent colleges of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana who were equally distributed over the family structure (80 joint families & 80 nuclear families). Spiritual intelligence questionnaire by Zainuddin and Ahmed (2010) and stress scale by Lakshmi and Narain (2014) were used as data collection tools to assess the spiritual intelligence and perceived stress of university students. The results revealed that spiritual intelligence was significantly high in respondents from joint families as compared to nuclear families and nuclear families were found to have significantly greater perceived stress as compared to joint families. Regression analysis proved that spiritual intelligence had negatively contributed to perceived stress proving that increase in spiritual intelligence reduced perceived stress by one percent.

Pages:250-257Navya Gedela, Seema Sharma, and Tejpreet Kaur Kang (Department of Human Development and Family Studies…

Pages:258-262
Tarika Sandhu and Harjinder Singh (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab)

The burden on counselors has tremendously amplified during the COVID-19 pandemic. Isolation, contactless work settings, work overload and economic shutdown vividly imposed a drastic change in counselors work environment. It is assumed that the COVID-19 pandemic would have greater adverse results for early-in-career counselors as they have not fully acquired personal agencies of protection against unprecedented stressors otherwise acquired through experience. From amongst the obvious challenges, counselors in the early phase of their careers are also facing discrepancies between their abilities and workload, ethical conflicts of providing services to the most needy over others (due to limited personal capacities), unsatisfactory acknowledgment and ill defined work outcomes due to the pandemic. An imbalance in self-care and personal stress management could create the risk of burnout in counselors .The present study focused on the role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in predicting burnout among early career counselors during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample for the study comprised of 64 counselors (Males=17, Females=47) who were in the early stages of their career. The Counselor Burnout Inventory by (Lee et al., 2007) and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire by (Garnefski et al., 2002) were used for gathering information related to the psychological indices. Regression analysis revealed that the indices of Positive reappraisal and Other-blame negatively predicted Burnout. Implications of the study point towards counselors strengthening their cognitive emotional regulation strategies to evade burnout and provide high quality services to clients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Pages:258-262Tarika Sandhu and Harjinder Singh (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab)

Pages:263-267
Ruchi Singh and Akbar Husain (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh)

In the modern time, happiness is a major construct for being physically; psychologically healthy and overall satisfaction with life. So, a reliable and valid tool for measuring the level of happiness among Indian adults was needed. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to: (a) translate the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS; Lyubomirsky & Lepper, 1999) into Hindi, (b) investigate the psychometric properties (reliability, validity, & factor structure) of the SHS with the help of Exploratory Factor Analysis. The sample consisted of 412 Indian adults as participants in this study. Results supported strong evidence for validating the SWLS-H among Indian adults. The internal consistency of SHS-H was found to be high as α= 0.78. The cumulative percentage of variance explained by SHS-H was 61.81%. Thus, SHS-H can be considered as a reliable and valid instrument for measuring subjective happiness among Indian adults.

Pages:263-267Ruchi Singh and Akbar Husain (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh)

Pages:268-270
Akbar Husain and Zohra Khatoon (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh)

Religion and spirituality are the means to know God and to love Him through practices. Because of lack of training of religious and spiritual counsellor, they do not know how to realize the presence and power of God in healing the illness. People are simply satisfied going to Temple/Mosque/Gurudwara/ Church and involve there in prayer and alms. Religious/spiritual counselors' focus should be to suggest counselee how to serve and love God. We have various questions regarding the present and future, work, relationships and health-related problems linked with Covid. Our mind is always busy chattering and trying to cope with it. It is essential to seek online counselling to give answer of those questions which are being unanswered by the self. The advantages and disadvantages associated with online counselling are discussed in this article. Moreover, cure for psycho-spiritual illnesses linked with Covid pandemic are also discussed.

Pages:268-270Akbar Husain and Zohra Khatoon (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh)
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