Pages: 874-877
Aref Mahavianpoor and Seyed Ahmad Mirjafari (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)

The purpose of this study was to predict burnout based on addiction to work And Work-Family Conflict and Family Conflict - Work among Nurses of Hajieh Narges Hospital was introduced and social security in Mahshahr. The statistical population included all nurses of hospitals in Mahshahr city (Hajia Narges Hospital & Social Security Hospital), 240 people who worked in these hospitals in 2015. Using the Krejcie and Morgan table, a sample of 144 people (90 men) and (54 women) was selected by stratified random sampling. To collect the data, the Mozelj Burnout Questionnaire, the Addiction Worker Questionnaire and the Carlson Family Work-Life Conflict Questionnaire were used. Validity of the questionnaires was verified using content validity and reliability through Cronbach's alpha. Descriptive statistics (Mean, SD) and inferential statistics (Pearson Product Momemt Correlation & Multiple Regression Tests) were used to analyze the data. The results showed that, with increased work-family and family conflict-work and addiction to work, burnout has increased. 2. Among the dimensions of the conflict between work-family and family-work, the next is the time-consuming predictor of conflict for the job burnout variable. 3- Among the dimensions of addiction, spending a lot of time on work (work beyond the limit) is a powerful predictor of the job burnout variable.

Pages: 881-885
Nirmala Muralidhar (Department of Human Development & Family Empowerment Janki Devi Memorial College, University of Delhi, Delhi)
Dr. Vikas Menon (Consultant, Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery & Ocular Oncology Centre for Sight, New Delhi)

Retinoblastoma is a malignant tumour of the retina that occurs predominantly in young children. Not many people may be aware that a rare type of eye cancer that most commonly affects young children can prove fatal if left untreated. It develops as a mass in the retina (the sensitive lining on the inside of one's eye) and can be screened with just a smart phone. Children who have the disease often have a white glow in their pupils that shows up when photographed with a flash. Retinoblastoma may occur in one or both eyes of a child. When caught early, retinoblastoma can be successfully treated. Current technology and chemotherapy can help save a child's life and vision. The disease is usually diagnosed at an average age of 18 months, with 95 per cent of children diagnosed by five years of age. Unlike other cancers, there is less awareness about Retinoblastoma even among the medical practitioners. There is a need to sensitize parents, families, pediatricians as they are the first contact care givers for children. The new technology in smart phones has facilitated early detection and screening of white eye reflex in children even by lay persons. This article is based on a community-based initiative undertaken by a Department of a Delhi University affiliated college to create awareness about signs and symptoms of Retinoblastoma specifically squint and white eye reflex - the two red flags of the disease. The project promoted early detection and screening of Retinoblastoma through flash photography. The initiative was taken ahead by a group of students and faculty of the Department under the advisorship of a senior consultant in Ocular Oncology from a partnering super speciality eye institution based in New Delhi.

Pages: 892-894
Daneshwari Onkari and Sunanda Itagi (Department of Human Development and Family Studies
College of Community Science University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka)

The research on socio-emotional behaviour of orphans was conducted in the year 2016-2017 in Dharwad taluka, Karnataka state with objectives to study the prevalence of orphans and to know their socio-emotional behaviour. Data was collected using Child behavior checklist developed by Achenbach (2001) socio-economic status scale by Agarwal et al., 2005 and self structured questionnaire to collect auxiliary information. Prevalence study was conducted in Dharwad taluk Karnataka. About 60 orphans were randomly selected from the prevalence to know their socio-emotional behaviour. Results revealed that 47.06 per cent of the orphans were in the clinical range category of socio-emotional behaviour which indicates that they are in need of immediate and effective intervention stratergies. Around 35.29 per cent and 14.71 per cent were under normal and borderline category of socio-emotional behaviour respectively. There was significant relationship between age and gender with respect to socio emotional behaviour of children.

Pages: 900-904
Lokesh Yadav and J.C. Mahla (Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana)

Four maize genotypes (uniform advanced inbred lines) comprising of two resistant (551-5 & 335) and two susceptible (295 & 1015 (2+3) were selected for ovipositional studies of maize stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe). The studies were conducted under choice and no choice conditions. It is inferred from the present studies that maize stem borer female moths are capable of selecting appropriate site for oviposition. Under both conditions lesser oviposition on resistant genotypes in comparison to susceptible ones indicated ovipositionalantixenosis. Female moths preferred third leaf over first and second leaves from top for oviposition. Among the upper and lower leaf lamia, the maize stem borer moth preferred to lay eggs on the lower lamina in comparison to the upper one. The presence of trichomes were responsible for determining oviposition by C. partellus.

Pages: 911-915
Soodeh Shadkam (Department of Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran)
Mohaddeseh Nejati (Department of Psychology, Marvdasht Branch Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran)

Anxiety Disorder is the most common anxiety disorder; several factors such as mindfulness, cognitive fusion and Self-Compassion play a role. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare Self-Compassion, mindfulness and cognitive fusion between patients with general anxiety and normal people. The causal-comparative research method the statistical population of this study is all patients with generalized anxiety disorder who are referred to the counseling center of Jahrom University. Among them, 30 subjects were selected by available sampling method. A group of 30 normal subjects without anxiety disorder were selected from among the university staff. The research instrument was a self-Compassion standard questionnaire, mindfulness and cognitive fusion. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance analysis. The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that all cognitive fusion structures, mindfulness and self-compassion can well distinguish people with general anxiety disorder from normal people. This information can be used to diagnose patients with generalized anxiety disorder.

Pages: 919-923
Nishtha Kumar and Thiyam Kiran Singh (Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College & Hospital, Sector-32, Chandigarh)

AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) was identified as a new syndrome in 1981. Scientists suggested for the first time that perhaps AIDS was caused by a virus. Such a virus could reach haemophiliacs through their use of Factor VIII, a donated blood clotting agent. The HIV virus was first isolated in 1983. Progression from HIV to HIV disease and AIDS varies in time. AIDS reflects a reduction in T-helper cells and specifically those that are CD4-positive T-cells. This causes immune deficiency and the appearance of opportunistic infections. The role of various psychosocial factors in the increment and prognosis of disease in specified along with various risk factors and in order to deal with them the aspect of mental health professional effective dealing and management is specified.

Pages: 927-933
Monika Dutta, Parminder Singh, Sandhya Ghai, Geetanjali Garg, Kajal Duggal Pawanpreet Kaur, Priya Dogra, and Mandeep Dhillon (National Institute of Nursing Education (NINE), PGIMER, Chandigarh)

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is one of the health care approaches commonly used by patients with various health problems to promote health or to treat diseases or symptoms. The aim of the present study was to assess the use and perceived effectiveness of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies among cardiac patients. The study was carried out in cardiology OPD, Advanced Cardiac Centre (ACC), PGIMER, Chandigarh. Descriptive research design was adopted. Data were collected from 530 out-patients who met eligibility criteria using semi-structured interview schedule. The results revealed that the mean age of subjects was 56 years. Most of the subjects were from joint family. Maximum subjects belonged to middle socioeconomic class and believed in Hinduism. Most prevalent diagnosis was CAD with MI and most of them underwent PCI. Among co-morbidities diabetes and hypertension (HTN) were the most common present in the study subjects. Half of the subjects were still in pre-hypertensive stage of HTN with present treatment. Self rated health status was fair for most of the subjects (63%). Among total subjects, 225(42.7%) were using CAM. Among them, mostly half of the subjects were continuing their CAM use with conventional medicine. Ayurveda, homeopathy, garlic, low salt diet, aloevera and exercises were the most preferred CAM approaches used by the subjects. Lesser side effect was the most common reason cited by the users for CAM use. Majority of the subjects perceived CAM use to be effective and were ready to use CAM in future also. The findings suggest that essential steps should be adopted for incorporating those CAM therapies into mainstream health care services for which evidence of effectiveness exists.

Pages: 937-944
Huda Firoze and Shahana Sathar K.P. (Department of Psychology, Farook College, Calicut, Kerala)

The purpose of this study was to find out the impact of parenting styles on adolescent resilience. The data was collected from 140 adolescents that include 70 boys and 70 girls from different schools in Calicut district. Tools used for this purpose were Connor Davidson's Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and Scale of Parenting Styles. Pearson's Correlation coefficient and t-test were used for statistical analysis. Results show that there is a significant relationship between dimensions of parenting styles. Based on gender, resilience is seen higher in girls than boys. Authoritative parenting style is associated with higher resilience. Results also indicate that there is a significant difference in the dimensions of parenting style among adolescent boys and girls. Some of the limitations of the study are the sample size being small and its generalizability being limited, the participants had a tendency to answer in socially desirable way since it was a self-report data, number of items in scale of parenting styles being large.

Pages: 948-952
Anil Kumar (Department of Education, Panjab University, Chandigarh)

Instructor training framework is an essential vehicle to enhance the nature of school training. The renewal and fortifying of the instructor training framework is an effective means for the upliftment of instructive standards in the nation. There are numerous issues that need earnest consideration for enhancing the nature of educator training program. One of them is the need of advancements in educator training program. Inventiveness implies the capacity to think past the limits and make something which is not the same as that which as of now exists. Without advancements, no advance is conceivable. Instructors must be inventive and their preparing needs to begin from their preparation organizations. Advancements in instructor training incorporate IT proficiency, intelligent remotely coordinating and so on. NPE (1986) expressed "The current arrangement of educator training should be redesigned or redone." Unfortunately, the auxiliary instructor instruction foundations in India are expressed to be generally not imaginative. There are some opposing variables in our training framework which keeps the instructor instruction establishment from being creative, for example, absence of physical offices and assets, absence of dissemination of advancements among instructor teachers, unbending system, absence of research introduction and so on. In this paper the creators have endeavored to toss light on the need of developments required in educator instruction, the opposing components and have additionally offered proposals to conquer those elements.

Pages: 960-963
Parminder Jeet (Department of Human Development and Family Sudies, College of Home Science, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana)

Emotional maturity is said to be the foundation for leading happy and satisfied life. Undergraduate stage for students seems to be the formative stage. The specific needs for identifying emotional maturity as a natural and inevitable outcome of student growth and development rather than among pathological symptom. The present study was carried out with the aim to assess emotional maturity among college youth. The study was undertaken in Hisar district of Haryana state. Three technical and three non - technical institutions were selected from 3 blocks which were selected purposively from Barwala, Adampur, and Hansi block were selected as per the demand of study. A study was undertaken on a sample of 600 respondents in the age range of 19-21 years which comprised 300 respondents of technical institutions and 300 respondents of non- technical institutions. Emotional maturity by Singh and Bhargava (1991) was used to assess the emotional maturity of respondents. The finding revealed significant differences in all aspects of social maturity, Significant positive correlation existed between respondent's college environment and adjustment. Whereas there was a non- significant correlation was observed between respondent's general intelligence with adjustment of respondents of technical and non- technical institutions. The results further revealed positive and significant impact of home environment, college environment and socio-economic variables on adjustment of respondents.

Pages: 868-877
Trishna Ghosh Chettri (Bista) (Senior Clinical Psychologist, Mental Hospital, Lagankhel, Patan, Nepal)
Sijo George (Seesha Karunya Community Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)

The motive of the present study is to examine the Nepalese adult depressive patients having suicidal ideation, and those meeting the criteria on depressive index (DEPI) and suicide constellation index (S-CON). The present study employed a between group design and tested a null hypothesis on 50 patients with a diagnosis of depressive disorder and 25 normals, considering no significant difference on Depression Index and Suicide Constellation Index among depressives with or without suicide ideation and control g. The sample in the age groups of 18 50 years, was recruited between February and May 2016, for both groups. The result indicates, Depression Index in the Comprehensive System to be valid in identifying the depressive features amounting to the diagnosable disorder in the Nepalese sample. However, the observation that Suicide Constellation Index failed to identify the suicidal ideation as reported on BDI, in the present study, underscores the need for developing culture-specific normative data. This set of data suggested the SCON index may not be a robust measure and may be culturally sensitive

Pages: 882-886
Aijaz Ahmad Bhat (Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Languages, Lovely Professional University, Punjab)
Abdul Majeed Bhat (Department of Psychology, Higher Education, Govt. of Jammu and Kashmir)
Hariom Sharma (Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Languages, Lovely Professional University, Punjab)
Imran Ahmad (Discipline of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi)

Currently, many places in the world are plagued by the various forms of human violence which deeply, directly and negatively affects all aspects of human development. Violence, arising out of armed conflict is one such form of human violence which is affecting millions of lives throughout the world. The witnesses and victims of violent conflict are showing the signs and symptoms of poor physical, psychological and social health. Further, it is playing havoc with the lives of children, adolescents and adults in terms of their education, adjustment and achievement. The impact of conflict in J&K is such that the exposure to actual armed conflict is limited but the effects are in terms of repression, loss of security, loss of income and service access, disrupted schooling, displacement and other forms that have an immense impact on the lives of children and their families. Empirical studies on children in a conflict situation show the determinant effects on children's mental health and well-being. A systematic review to examine the impact of exposure to violent conflict on inhabitant's psychological well-being, physical health, mental health, achievement motivation and academic achievement was conducted. Studies were included if they met the following criteria: investigating the impact on psychological well-being, physical health, mental health, achievement motivation and academic achievement published till September 2017. Research findings reviewed here provide evidence suggesting that exposure to violent conflict impacts cognitive functions, academic progress, physical and mental health of inhabitants.

Pages: 890-894
Lydia Betsy M. and Laitonjam Valentina (Department of Human Development, Mount Carmel College, Bengaluru, Karnataka)

The present study was undertaken to assess the level of perceived parenting stress among the mothers of physically challenged and mentally challenged children from Bengaluru. The sample for the study consisted of 80 mothers of physically challenged children (40 girls & 40 boys) and 80 mothers of mentally challenged children (40 girls & 40 boys) from different early intervention centres and special schools across Bengaluru. Self-structured questionnaire was used to study the socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics of respondents and the levels of perceived stress was assessed using Family Interview for Stress and Coping Scale, (Part I) developed by Girimaji (1999) from NIMHANS. Statistical analysis such as mean, standard deviation and Z-test were used for the present study. Results reveal that there is significant difference in perceived parenting stress among mothers of physically challenged children and mentally challenged children. Mothers of physically challenged children reported higher level of stress as compared to mothers of mentally challenged children in the areas of extra input of care, decreased leisure time, neglect of others, disturbed behavior, personal distress, other interpersonal problems and effect on siblings and other family worries.