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Pages: 854-856
Chandrashekhar Giri (Special Educator, Ankur Special School, Indore, Madhya Pradesh)

The aim of the present study was to assess effect of Yognidra on anxiety. For this purpose 25 subjects were selected through random sampling. All subjects were urban educated male of 40 to 50 age range. The social and economic status treated as control variable in the study. In this study SCAT (Sinha`s Comprehensive Anxiety Test) developed by. Sinha and Sinha has been used to obtain scores on Anxiety. The t-test has been employed to analyze the data. Results revealed that Yog-nidra decrease the level of Anxiety.

Pages: 854-856Chandrashekhar Giri (Special Educator, Ankur Special School, Indore, Madhya Pradesh)

Pages: 857-860
Swati Shrivastava and Priyamvada Shrivastava (School of Studies in Psychology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh)

The purpose of this study was to compare stress level in male and female adolescents out of total sample of 100 adolescents (50 male & 50 female). Stress test comprising dimensions of stress of home life, Stress of school performance, stress of school attendance, stress of romantic relationship, Stress of peer pressure, Stress of teacher interaction, stress of future uncertainty, Stress of school / leisure conflict, Stress of financial pressure, Stress of emerging adult was used. All the participants considered in study were from several government and private schools of Durg district (C.G.) India. The data was analysed using Mann-Whitney U test. The main findings showed that female adolescents significantly showed more stress in school performance, teacher interaction, Stress of school / leisure conflict and peer pressure than male adolescents. Male adolescents showed significantly more stress in stress of romantic relationship than female adolescents.

Pages: 857-860Swati Shrivastava and Priyamvada Shrivastava (School of Studies in Psychology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University…

Pages: 861-864
Subhash Chander, Rashmi Tyagi, Jatesh Kathpalia, and Vinod Kumari (Department of Sociology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana )

The Indian agriculture has changed during the past about 50 years mainly due to development of agricultural technologies. Rice is grown in 18 districts of Haryana. Out of which seven districts are in high productivity group. The study was conducted in Kurukshetra district of Haryana state. From this district, two blocks namely Thanesar and Pehowa were selected randomly. On the whole a total of 200 rice growing farmers were selected, who were using direct seeded rice method (100) and conventional transplanted rice method (100). The findings regarding knowledge level of respondents about various aspects of direct seeded rice method were studied like recommended seed rate, varieties, fertilizer practices, weeds, insect, pest, disease etc. It was found that sixty per cent respondents had high level of knowledge regarding direct seeded rice method. Awareness were found among farmers regarding direct seeded rice method such as increase the yield than conventional, seed is placed in the most fertile zone of the soil i.e. 2-3cm from surface and recommended variety is used for sowing: Tarawari, CSR-30, Pusa Basmati 1121 to which they reported 1st, 2nd and 3rd ranks order.

Pages: 861-864Subhash Chander, Rashmi Tyagi, Jatesh Kathpalia, and Vinod Kumari (Department of Sociology, Chaudhary Charan…

Pages: 865-868
Jafar Bahreini and Mahboobeh Chinaveh (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)

The purpose of this study was to compare the social anxiety, physical image and psychological well-being in applicants for cosmetic surgery and non-applicants.The research design is a descriptive-comparative study the statistical population of this study included all people who referred to beauty clinics in Shiraz due to the need for surgery. To do research, two groups of people who applied for beauty and non-adolescent subjects were selected. In this way, 50 people who were selected from beauty clinics in Shiraz were selected in the available manner. Then, 50 unincorporated people from the normal population who were more similar in terms of gender, age and education to the applicant group were matched and voluntarily selected using the available method and completed the questionnaires. The instrument of measurement was Fisher's body image test, Reif psychological well-being and Watson's social anxiety inventory. The results of t-test and multivariate analysis of covariance showed that there is a significant difference between the physical image of the applicants for cosmetic surgery and non-applicants.There is also a significant difference between the social anxiety of the applicants for cosmetic surgery and non-applicants, and social anxiety in the subjects is more beautiful than normal people. According to other results, there was a significant difference between the psychological well-being of applicants for cosmetic surgery and non-applicants, meaning that the psychological well-being of those applying for beauty was less than ordinary ones. Based on the last result of the physical image, it could negatively and significantly predict social anxiety.

Pages: 865-868Jafar Bahreini and Mahboobeh Chinaveh (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan…

Pages: 869-871
Jatesh Kathpalia, Subhash Chander and Vinod Kumari (Department of Sociology, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana)

Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) cotton is commonly grown in all over the world to control wide range of pests. The farmers benefited from BT cotton through increased yield revenue and gross margin. While the farmer maid savings on insecticide costs they had to spend more on seed and harvesting. The farmers made savings on insecticide costs they had to spend more on seed and harvesting. Farming households used the additional income mostly for investment in people (education)and physical resources (cotton & other crop production). This research paper conducts to assess the impact of Bt. cotton and Desi/non-Bt. cotton on socio-economic status of farmers. The study was conducted among 120 farmers in Bhiwani districts of Haryana State through survey method. The findings of the study elucidate that investment on education of children was reported increased by 83.33 per cent and 66.66 per cent of respondents growing Bt. cotton and desi cotton respectively. Expenditure on social ceremonies was felt increased by 70.83 per cent and 50 per cent of the respondents growing Bt. cotton and desi cotton/hybrids respectively.

Pages: 869-871Jatesh Kathpalia, Subhash Chander and Vinod Kumari (Department of Sociology, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana)

Pages: 872-873
Saroj Yadav and Mona Verma (Department of Textile and Apparel Designing, I. C. College of Home Science Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

Textile finishing is a diversified sector due to the processed raw materials, manufacturing technique and finalized products. Natural finishes comprises of those substances that are obtained from plants and animals. Natural finishes have many advantages such as non toxic, non irritant, biodegradable, cost effective, easy availability, etc. now days consumers are more aware and conscious about health, hygiene and environment so they are looking for natural product having potential like synthetic products to impart antimicrobial, aroma finish to textile products. So there is need to screen the present of phytochemicals in the plant extract because it plays an important role in imparting antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant property to textile material and also helps in dyeing and printing of textile material. In the present study phytochemical analysis of peepal leaves was done to know the presence of different phytochemical. It was found that it showed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinone, phenol, saponins, steroids and tannins was observed in both mediums of extraction.

Pages: 872-873Saroj Yadav and Mona Verma (Department of Textile and Apparel Designing, I. C. College…

Pages: 874-877
Aref Mahavianpoor and Seyed Ahmad Mirjafari (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)

The purpose of this study was to predict burnout based on addiction to work And Work-Family Conflict and Family Conflict - Work among Nurses of Hajieh Narges Hospital was introduced and social security in Mahshahr. The statistical population included all nurses of hospitals in Mahshahr city (Hajia Narges Hospital & Social Security Hospital), 240 people who worked in these hospitals in 2015. Using the Krejcie and Morgan table, a sample of 144 people (90 men) and (54 women) was selected by stratified random sampling. To collect the data, the Mozelj Burnout Questionnaire, the Addiction Worker Questionnaire and the Carlson Family Work-Life Conflict Questionnaire were used. Validity of the questionnaires was verified using content validity and reliability through Cronbach's alpha. Descriptive statistics (Mean, SD) and inferential statistics (Pearson Product Momemt Correlation & Multiple Regression Tests) were used to analyze the data. The results showed that, with increased work-family and family conflict-work and addiction to work, burnout has increased. 2. Among the dimensions of the conflict between work-family and family-work, the next is the time-consuming predictor of conflict for the job burnout variable. 3- Among the dimensions of addiction, spending a lot of time on work (work beyond the limit) is a powerful predictor of the job burnout variable.

Pages: 874-877Aref Mahavianpoor and Seyed Ahmad Mirjafari (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University…

Pages: 878-880
Fatemeh Rahimi (Department of Counseling, Marvdasht Branch Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran)
Hossein Aflakifard (Department of Educational Sciences Farhangian University, Iran)

The purpose of this study was to explain the relationship between generation gap with social adjustment and happiness of secondary school students in Marvdasht city. The statistical population of this study consisted of all secondary school students of Marvdasht city. In this research, 100 people were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made generation gap questionnaire. Social compatibility of Samani and Sohrabi and the happiness of Oxford was that the validity and reliability of the questionnaires were also confirmed. For data analysis, descriptive statistics (mean & standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient & simple regression analysis) were used. The results showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between the social gaps with the social gap. A generation gap can predict social adjustment. There is a reverse and significant relationship between generational gap with happiness. A generation gap can predict happiness.

Pages: 878-880Fatemeh Rahimi (Department of Counseling, Marvdasht Branch Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran)Hossein Aflakifard (Department…

Pages: 881-885
Nirmala Muralidhar (Department of Human Development & Family Empowerment Janki Devi Memorial College, University of Delhi, Delhi)
Dr. Vikas Menon (Consultant, Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery & Ocular Oncology Centre for Sight, New Delhi)

Retinoblastoma is a malignant tumour of the retina that occurs predominantly in young children. Not many people may be aware that a rare type of eye cancer that most commonly affects young children can prove fatal if left untreated. It develops as a mass in the retina (the sensitive lining on the inside of one's eye) and can be screened with just a smart phone. Children who have the disease often have a white glow in their pupils that shows up when photographed with a flash. Retinoblastoma may occur in one or both eyes of a child. When caught early, retinoblastoma can be successfully treated. Current technology and chemotherapy can help save a child's life and vision. The disease is usually diagnosed at an average age of 18 months, with 95 per cent of children diagnosed by five years of age. Unlike other cancers, there is less awareness about Retinoblastoma even among the medical practitioners. There is a need to sensitize parents, families, pediatricians as they are the first contact care givers for children. The new technology in smart phones has facilitated early detection and screening of white eye reflex in children even by lay persons. This article is based on a community-based initiative undertaken by a Department of a Delhi University affiliated college to create awareness about signs and symptoms of Retinoblastoma specifically squint and white eye reflex - the two red flags of the disease. The project promoted early detection and screening of Retinoblastoma through flash photography. The initiative was taken ahead by a group of students and faculty of the Department under the advisorship of a senior consultant in Ocular Oncology from a partnering super speciality eye institution based in New Delhi.

Pages: 881-885Nirmala Muralidhar (Department of Human Development & Family Empowerment Janki Devi Memorial College, University…

Pages: 886-891
Sushant Bhardwaj (Department of Processing and Food Engineering, COAE&T, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)
Yadvika (Department of Renewable & Bioenergy Engineering, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)
Ravi Prakash (Department of Processing and Food Engineering, COAE&T, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)
Satyakaam Malik (Extension Education Institute, Nilokheri)
V. K. Singh (Department of Processing and Food Engineering COAE&T, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

In the present study Shri Devi Bhavan Dairy farm Complex was selected for the energy auditing. It consists of three sections (i) Dairy farm, (ii) School, (iii) Temple Complex. The survey was carried out for the basic data collection regarding energy demands and resources availability in all the sections. The data was analyzed for determining total energy demand and resources availability in all sections. The survey of major activities related to use of thermal, electrical, mechanical and human energy was conducted and total energy demand and energy use pattern was also studied in this selected area. The data for energy demands and resource availability in Devi Bhavan Dairy farm Complex were collected with the help of well structured questionnaire developed for the purpose. The type of energy sources utilized in the dairy farm complex was electrical, thermal, mechanical and manual. The electrical energy was the only source of energy used in School and Temple Complex. The value of manual, electrical, thermal and mechanical energy required per month for dairy farm was 5997.6, 1509.2, 27600 and 9540 MJ/Month respectively. In case of school and temple complex demand of electrical energy per month was 2216.16 and 5715.36 MJ/Month respectively.

Pages: 886-891Sushant Bhardwaj (Department of Processing and Food Engineering, COAE&T, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar…

Pages: 892-894
Daneshwari Onkari and Sunanda Itagi (Department of Human Development and Family Studies
College of Community Science University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka)

The research on socio-emotional behaviour of orphans was conducted in the year 2016-2017 in Dharwad taluka, Karnataka state with objectives to study the prevalence of orphans and to know their socio-emotional behaviour. Data was collected using Child behavior checklist developed by Achenbach (2001) socio-economic status scale by Agarwal et al., 2005 and self structured questionnaire to collect auxiliary information. Prevalence study was conducted in Dharwad taluk Karnataka. About 60 orphans were randomly selected from the prevalence to know their socio-emotional behaviour. Results revealed that 47.06 per cent of the orphans were in the clinical range category of socio-emotional behaviour which indicates that they are in need of immediate and effective intervention stratergies. Around 35.29 per cent and 14.71 per cent were under normal and borderline category of socio-emotional behaviour respectively. There was significant relationship between age and gender with respect to socio emotional behaviour of children.

Pages: 892-894Daneshwari Onkari and Sunanda Itagi (Department of Human Development and Family StudiesCollege of Community…

Pages: 895-899
Kavita (Department of Agriculture Economics CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana)
Monu Devi (Extension lecturer in Government College, Haryana)
Satbir Singh (HSB, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana)
Babita (Department of Economics, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana)

Researcher conducted this study to measure the impact of fertilizers and pesticides on the production of agriculture sector. Current research was based on the secondary data related to the usage of fertilizers and the pesticides by Indian farmers for agriculture and the total production of the agriculture sector. Data has been taken from the official reports of the Ministry of Agriculture and the period reported for the data was of fifteen years starting from 2001 to 2016. It was found from the study that agriculture production and the yield per hectare both are associated with the usage of fertilizers in the country. Agriculture production will get increase with the increased usage of fertilizers. While pesticides do not ensure any increase in the agriculture production. Further, it was found from the study that even if there is an increase in the net irrigated area, but still the agriculture production has not increased.

Pages: 895-899Kavita (Department of Agriculture Economics CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana)Monu Devi (Extension lecturer in Government College…

Pages: 900-904
Lokesh Yadav and J.C. Mahla (Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana)

Four maize genotypes (uniform advanced inbred lines) comprising of two resistant (551-5 & 335) and two susceptible (295 & 1015 (2+3) were selected for ovipositional studies of maize stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe). The studies were conducted under choice and no choice conditions. It is inferred from the present studies that maize stem borer female moths are capable of selecting appropriate site for oviposition. Under both conditions lesser oviposition on resistant genotypes in comparison to susceptible ones indicated ovipositionalantixenosis. Female moths preferred third leaf over first and second leaves from top for oviposition. Among the upper and lower leaf lamia, the maize stem borer moth preferred to lay eggs on the lower lamina in comparison to the upper one. The presence of trichomes were responsible for determining oviposition by C. partellus.

Pages: 900-904Lokesh Yadav and J.C. Mahla (Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, CCS HAU, Hisar…

Pages: 905-910
Jaikumar V., Prabhu N., and Jayakrishnaveni C. (Department of Psychiatry, Government Institute of Mental Health, Kilpauk, Chennai, Tamil Nadu )
Fatima Jessy M. (Social Welfare Officer, Government Institute of Mental Health, Kilpauk, Chennai, Tamil Nadu)

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder often associated with disability and poor quality of life. In India, almost the persons with schizophrenia are living in their families, the family caregivers play a vital role and hence they are to be integrated within the treatment plan. So, it is inevitable that they need to have knowledge about illness, treatment and available support for effective caring and management. The aim of the study was to examine the influence of socio-demographic factors on the level of knowledge about schizophrenia and expressed emotions among caregivers of persons with schizophrenia. The family caregivers who were involved in taking care of persons with schizophrenia diagnosed falling under ICD - 10 criteria. There were 120 samples, in all. The study employed a expost-facto research design, where 120 caregivers of persons with schizophrenia were selected using purposive sampling technique. Knowledge about Schizophrenia Interview (KASI) and Family Attitude Questionnaire (FAQ) were used for assessment. Findings indicate, except age and gender, other socio-demographic factors did not play much significant role in any of the dimensions of KASI such as in diagnosis, symptomatology, etiology, medication, course, prognosis and management of schizophrenia and found to have a higher scores in their critical comments, hostility, dissatisfaction and emotional over involvement and less score in warmth. Caring for a person with schizophrenia is highly challenging and it might result in a negative emotional atmosphere in the patient's family if they lack knowledge about schizophrenia.

Pages: 905-910Jaikumar V., Prabhu N., and Jayakrishnaveni C. (Department of Psychiatry, Government Institute of Mental…

Pages: 911-915
Soodeh Shadkam (Department of Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran)
Mohaddeseh Nejati (Department of Psychology, Marvdasht Branch Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran)

Anxiety Disorder is the most common anxiety disorder; several factors such as mindfulness, cognitive fusion and Self-Compassion play a role. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare Self-Compassion, mindfulness and cognitive fusion between patients with general anxiety and normal people. The causal-comparative research method the statistical population of this study is all patients with generalized anxiety disorder who are referred to the counseling center of Jahrom University. Among them, 30 subjects were selected by available sampling method. A group of 30 normal subjects without anxiety disorder were selected from among the university staff. The research instrument was a self-Compassion standard questionnaire, mindfulness and cognitive fusion. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance analysis. The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that all cognitive fusion structures, mindfulness and self-compassion can well distinguish people with general anxiety disorder from normal people. This information can be used to diagnose patients with generalized anxiety disorder.

Pages: 911-915Soodeh Shadkam (Department of Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran)Mohaddeseh Nejati (Department of Psychology, Marvdasht…

Pages: 916-918
Elham Afshinpour and Ali Naseri (Department of Psychology, Firoozabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Firoozabad, Fars, Iran)

The purpose of this study was to determine the emotional discomfort of depressed women referring to social emergency center in Shiraz. The research was a semi-experimental design. The population of this study included 60 depressed women referring to the social emergency center in Shiraz who were divided into two groups of 30 (experimental & control) with purposeful sampling. The Beck Depression Inventory was distributed among the sample population. In this research, the experimental group participated in music therapy sessions for two days a week for one month, which lasted one hour per day. The members of the witness group also did not receive any training in this regard. A pre-test with control of depressed women referred to the experimental and control groups in terms of apparent emotional discomfort (p <0.0001 & F = 46.39), therefore, the hypothesis is confirmed. In other words, music therapy with regard to the mean emotional discomfort of depressed women referred to the experimental group in post-test compared with the mean of depressed women referred to the control group reduced the apparent emotional discomfort of the experimental group. The effect or difference is 0.58, in other words, 58% of the individual differences in the post-test scores of the apparent emotional discomfort are related to the effect of music therapy (group membership). After the end of the sessions, a test was performed between the two groups and again after a month, the next test took place. Data were analyzed by software version 17 (SPSS).

Pages: 916-918Elham Afshinpour and Ali Naseri (Department of Psychology, Firoozabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Firoozabad…

Pages: 919-923
Nishtha Kumar and Thiyam Kiran Singh (Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College & Hospital, Sector-32, Chandigarh)

AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) was identified as a new syndrome in 1981. Scientists suggested for the first time that perhaps AIDS was caused by a virus. Such a virus could reach haemophiliacs through their use of Factor VIII, a donated blood clotting agent. The HIV virus was first isolated in 1983. Progression from HIV to HIV disease and AIDS varies in time. AIDS reflects a reduction in T-helper cells and specifically those that are CD4-positive T-cells. This causes immune deficiency and the appearance of opportunistic infections. The role of various psychosocial factors in the increment and prognosis of disease in specified along with various risk factors and in order to deal with them the aspect of mental health professional effective dealing and management is specified.

Pages: 919-923Nishtha Kumar and Thiyam Kiran Singh (Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College & Hospital…

Pages: 924-926
Shreya Singh (MBBS, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal, Karnataka)
Vinod Kumar (Haryana State AIDS Control Society, Panchkula, Haryana)
Veena Singh (Haryana State AIDS Control Society and Associate, Panchkula, Haryana)

AIDS and crime rates are often treated in isolation from each other. This study, indicates whether HIV prevalence could influence crime rates, employs an interdisciplinary model of crime to fit the complex socio-demographic context. it is evidently proved that HIV prevalence is positively correlated with some types of monetary/property-related crimes. This study also assesses some of the behavioral mechanisms that could drive this positive relationship between AIDS and crime. It is assumed that those infected with HIV are also more likely to engage in other risky behaviors such as illegal drug use, trafficking and other illegal activities because their reduced life expectancy leads them to discount the future. Evidence shows that HIV/AIDS crowding-out police/law enforcement expenditure in favor of other government agency spending for the study period.

Pages: 924-926Shreya Singh (MBBS, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal, Karnataka)Vinod Kumar (Haryana State AIDS Control…

Pages: 927-933
Monika Dutta, Parminder Singh, Sandhya Ghai, Geetanjali Garg, Kajal Duggal Pawanpreet Kaur, Priya Dogra, and Mandeep Dhillon (National Institute of Nursing Education (NINE), PGIMER, Chandigarh)

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is one of the health care approaches commonly used by patients with various health problems to promote health or to treat diseases or symptoms. The aim of the present study was to assess the use and perceived effectiveness of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies among cardiac patients. The study was carried out in cardiology OPD, Advanced Cardiac Centre (ACC), PGIMER, Chandigarh. Descriptive research design was adopted. Data were collected from 530 out-patients who met eligibility criteria using semi-structured interview schedule. The results revealed that the mean age of subjects was 56 years. Most of the subjects were from joint family. Maximum subjects belonged to middle socioeconomic class and believed in Hinduism. Most prevalent diagnosis was CAD with MI and most of them underwent PCI. Among co-morbidities diabetes and hypertension (HTN) were the most common present in the study subjects. Half of the subjects were still in pre-hypertensive stage of HTN with present treatment. Self rated health status was fair for most of the subjects (63%). Among total subjects, 225(42.7%) were using CAM. Among them, mostly half of the subjects were continuing their CAM use with conventional medicine. Ayurveda, homeopathy, garlic, low salt diet, aloevera and exercises were the most preferred CAM approaches used by the subjects. Lesser side effect was the most common reason cited by the users for CAM use. Majority of the subjects perceived CAM use to be effective and were ready to use CAM in future also. The findings suggest that essential steps should be adopted for incorporating those CAM therapies into mainstream health care services for which evidence of effectiveness exists.

Pages: 927-933Monika Dutta, Parminder Singh, Sandhya Ghai, Geetanjali Garg, Kajal Duggal Pawanpreet Kaur, Priya Dogra…

Pages: 934-936
Sandhya Sharma (Culture, Chaudhry Charan Singh Haryana Agricultual University, Hisar, Haryana)
Satish Kashyap (Folk-Dramatist, Chaudhry Charan Singh Haryana Agricultual University, Hisar, Haryana)

Ancient folk theatre of India, Swang has a spectacular 2 similarity with Bretolt's Brecht's Verfremdungeffekt. Bretolt Brecht always advocated the entertainment with purpose. Same way Swang an epic theatre form of India is also advocating the same objective. In this study we tried to compare these forms in detail how both performance serve the same purpose.

Pages: 934-936Sandhya Sharma (Culture, Chaudhry Charan Singh Haryana Agricultual University, Hisar, Haryana)Satish Kashyap (Folk-Dramatist, Chaudhry…

Pages: 937-944
Huda Firoze and Shahana Sathar K.P. (Department of Psychology, Farook College, Calicut, Kerala)

The purpose of this study was to find out the impact of parenting styles on adolescent resilience. The data was collected from 140 adolescents that include 70 boys and 70 girls from different schools in Calicut district. Tools used for this purpose were Connor Davidson's Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and Scale of Parenting Styles. Pearson's Correlation coefficient and t-test were used for statistical analysis. Results show that there is a significant relationship between dimensions of parenting styles. Based on gender, resilience is seen higher in girls than boys. Authoritative parenting style is associated with higher resilience. Results also indicate that there is a significant difference in the dimensions of parenting style among adolescent boys and girls. Some of the limitations of the study are the sample size being small and its generalizability being limited, the participants had a tendency to answer in socially desirable way since it was a self-report data, number of items in scale of parenting styles being large.

Pages: 937-944Huda Firoze and Shahana Sathar K.P. (Department of Psychology, Farook College, Calicut, Kerala)

Pages: 945-947
Sendi Seb Rengma and Minoti Phukan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam)

Children are beautiful, innocent little beings. They are precious and each unique. All children deserve to have great parents (Singh, 2008). The present study was undertaken to study and compare the attitude and involvement of parents towards Normal and Developmentally Challenged children. A total of 20 Families having a developmentally challenged child were selected purposively from different villages of Karbi Anglong District. An interview schedule was prepared as tool for data collection. The findings of the study revealed that majority of the parents gives maximum time to their developmentally challenged child as they cannot perform their daily activities like the normal children and they need help and support more than that of the normal children. Majority of the parents feel that they are burden to them as the child is too dependent. They avoid taking the child to public gatherings feeling that others will talk ill of his/her condition. Most of the respondents (parents) were found to have positive attitude towards their normal children.

Pages: 945-947Sendi Seb Rengma and Minoti Phukan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College…

Pages: 948-952
Anil Kumar (Department of Education, Panjab University, Chandigarh)

Instructor training framework is an essential vehicle to enhance the nature of school training. The renewal and fortifying of the instructor training framework is an effective means for the upliftment of instructive standards in the nation. There are numerous issues that need earnest consideration for enhancing the nature of educator training program. One of them is the need of advancements in educator training program. Inventiveness implies the capacity to think past the limits and make something which is not the same as that which as of now exists. Without advancements, no advance is conceivable. Instructors must be inventive and their preparing needs to begin from their preparation organizations. Advancements in instructor training incorporate IT proficiency, intelligent remotely coordinating and so on. NPE (1986) expressed "The current arrangement of educator training should be redesigned or redone." Unfortunately, the auxiliary instructor instruction foundations in India are expressed to be generally not imaginative. There are some opposing variables in our training framework which keeps the instructor instruction establishment from being creative, for example, absence of physical offices and assets, absence of dissemination of advancements among instructor teachers, unbending system, absence of research introduction and so on. In this paper the creators have endeavored to toss light on the need of developments required in educator instruction, the opposing components and have additionally offered proposals to conquer those elements.

Pages: 948-952Anil Kumar (Department of Education, Panjab University, Chandigarh)

Pages: 953-959
Hijam Laxmi Chanu, Deepika Vig, and Sarita Saini (Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

The present study is an attempt to evaluate the impact of intervention programme in remediating visual perception skills of urban school children with poor handwriting. The total sample consisted of 60 children of grade 3 from the public schools of Ludhiana city with average or above average intellectual abilities. Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices (Raven, 1965) was used to assess the intellectual abilities of the children. Occupational Therapy Screening Test (Lilley, 2006) Set A and Set B were used to assess handwriting and different sub-skills of visual perception respectively. An individualized need-based remedial intervention programme based on multisensory, visuo-motor integration and cognitive approaches was developed to improve handwriting legibility of children. Efficacy of the developed programme was assessed by comparing pre and post-intervention scores of the children. Pre-intervention scores revealed that more than half of the children with poor handwriting skills were found to have poor visual perception followed by average and good level. However, after intervention, significant improvement was found in this skill. The results also revealed that before intervention, out of all the sub-skills of visual perception 'Visual Motor Integration' followed by 'Visual Discrimination' were found to be the poorest among such children. However, after receiving intervention, these sub-skills became the strongest skills of such children. It was further found that significant improvement in the mean scores of children was observed during post-intervention assessment across all the levels and sub-skills of visual perception.

Pages: 953-959Hijam Laxmi Chanu, Deepika Vig, and Sarita Saini (Department of Human Development & Family…

Pages: 960-963
Parminder Jeet (Department of Human Development and Family Sudies, College of Home Science, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana)

Emotional maturity is said to be the foundation for leading happy and satisfied life. Undergraduate stage for students seems to be the formative stage. The specific needs for identifying emotional maturity as a natural and inevitable outcome of student growth and development rather than among pathological symptom. The present study was carried out with the aim to assess emotional maturity among college youth. The study was undertaken in Hisar district of Haryana state. Three technical and three non - technical institutions were selected from 3 blocks which were selected purposively from Barwala, Adampur, and Hansi block were selected as per the demand of study. A study was undertaken on a sample of 600 respondents in the age range of 19-21 years which comprised 300 respondents of technical institutions and 300 respondents of non- technical institutions. Emotional maturity by Singh and Bhargava (1991) was used to assess the emotional maturity of respondents. The finding revealed significant differences in all aspects of social maturity, Significant positive correlation existed between respondent's college environment and adjustment. Whereas there was a non- significant correlation was observed between respondent's general intelligence with adjustment of respondents of technical and non- technical institutions. The results further revealed positive and significant impact of home environment, college environment and socio-economic variables on adjustment of respondents.

Pages: 960-963Parminder Jeet (Department of Human Development and Family Sudies, College of Home Science, CCS…
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