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Pages: 964-967
Priyanka Juneja (ESI Model Hospital Gurgaon, Haryana)

The most commonly held view and perception of dyslexia is how it relates to difficulties with reading and spelling. These difficulties are in fact readily observable characteristics of dyslexia. Many children, however, display such difficulties in literacy, but not all are dyslexic. It is important, therefore, to present a comprehensive view of the characteristics and challenging behaviors of dyslexia. The present paper reviews on challenging behaviors, characteristics and the factors affecting dyslexia.

Pages: 964-967Priyanka Juneja (ESI Model Hospital Gurgaon, Haryana)

Pages: 868-877
Trishna Ghosh Chettri (Bista) (Senior Clinical Psychologist, Mental Hospital, Lagankhel, Patan, Nepal)
Sijo George (Seesha Karunya Community Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)

The motive of the present study is to examine the Nepalese adult depressive patients having suicidal ideation, and those meeting the criteria on depressive index (DEPI) and suicide constellation index (S-CON). The present study employed a between group design and tested a null hypothesis on 50 patients with a diagnosis of depressive disorder and 25 normals, considering no significant difference on Depression Index and Suicide Constellation Index among depressives with or without suicide ideation and control g. The sample in the age groups of 18 50 years, was recruited between February and May 2016, for both groups. The result indicates, Depression Index in the Comprehensive System to be valid in identifying the depressive features amounting to the diagnosable disorder in the Nepalese sample. However, the observation that Suicide Constellation Index failed to identify the suicidal ideation as reported on BDI, in the present study, underscores the need for developing culture-specific normative data. This set of data suggested the SCON index may not be a robust measure and may be culturally sensitive

Pages: 868-877Trishna Ghosh Chettri (Bista) (Senior Clinical Psychologist, Mental Hospital, Lagankhel, Patan, Nepal)Sijo George (Seesha…

Pages: 878-881
Shanti Balda and Sheela Sangwan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. College of Home Science, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

The present study was carried out in four villages of two cultural zones of Haryana state-Mewat and Nardak. Total sample constituted of 400 children, 200 in experimental group and 200 in control group. All these children were pre-tested for their social competence in hypothetical situations- three stories were used for getting an object from another child and three stories for consequential thinking after doing something wrong. The child being interviewed was asked what the story character could do or say in each situation. Strategies suggested by children were coded as non-forceful or forceful for problem solving. For consequential thinking, number of consequences suggested by children was computed. Use of forceful strategies in interpersonal conflict resolution is one of the indicators of aggressive behavior in children. Intervention package was imparted to experimental group children for a period two months to promote social competence for management of aggressive behaviour. It was found that in both the cultural zones, after exposure to intervention package, there was significantly greater use of non-forceful alternatives in conflict resolution; while use of forceful strategies was reduced significantly as compared to control group children. Experimental group children also suggested significantly greater number of consequences as compared to control group children from both the cultural zones.

Pages: 878-881Shanti Balda and Sheela Sangwan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. College…

Pages: 882-886
Aijaz Ahmad Bhat (Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Languages, Lovely Professional University, Punjab)
Abdul Majeed Bhat (Department of Psychology, Higher Education, Govt. of Jammu and Kashmir)
Hariom Sharma (Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Languages, Lovely Professional University, Punjab)
Imran Ahmad (Discipline of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi)

Currently, many places in the world are plagued by the various forms of human violence which deeply, directly and negatively affects all aspects of human development. Violence, arising out of armed conflict is one such form of human violence which is affecting millions of lives throughout the world. The witnesses and victims of violent conflict are showing the signs and symptoms of poor physical, psychological and social health. Further, it is playing havoc with the lives of children, adolescents and adults in terms of their education, adjustment and achievement. The impact of conflict in J&K is such that the exposure to actual armed conflict is limited but the effects are in terms of repression, loss of security, loss of income and service access, disrupted schooling, displacement and other forms that have an immense impact on the lives of children and their families. Empirical studies on children in a conflict situation show the determinant effects on children's mental health and well-being. A systematic review to examine the impact of exposure to violent conflict on inhabitant's psychological well-being, physical health, mental health, achievement motivation and academic achievement was conducted. Studies were included if they met the following criteria: investigating the impact on psychological well-being, physical health, mental health, achievement motivation and academic achievement published till September 2017. Research findings reviewed here provide evidence suggesting that exposure to violent conflict impacts cognitive functions, academic progress, physical and mental health of inhabitants.

Pages: 882-886Aijaz Ahmad Bhat (Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Languages, Lovely Professional University…

Pages: 887-889
Sapna Lal and Manju Kanwar Rathore (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan)

Television advertisements prove to be the most effective form of promotion of goods and services. Advertisers have captured advanced communication systems and are rushing to get an access to adolescent consumers by approaching to every possible communication means available in the modern society. A television advertisement or television commercial is a span of television programming produced and paid for by an organization that conveys a message. Advertisement industry usually target the adolescents viewers as they are key the consumers and get easily influenced by captivating advertisements. The study was conducted in colleges of Delhi. A sample of 60 students (male & female) both was taken of age group 17 to 19 years. Exploratory research method used to study and data have been analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The results revealed that television advertisement has a positive influence on adolescence boys and girls helps them in their further development of understanding, rationalise and interpretation of different advertising messages. The finding should assist the educators how television advertisements influence adolescence television viewing preferences and helps them to construct the messages.

Pages: 887-889Sapna Lal and Manju Kanwar Rathore (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College…

Pages: 890-894
Lydia Betsy M. and Laitonjam Valentina (Department of Human Development, Mount Carmel College, Bengaluru, Karnataka)

The present study was undertaken to assess the level of perceived parenting stress among the mothers of physically challenged and mentally challenged children from Bengaluru. The sample for the study consisted of 80 mothers of physically challenged children (40 girls & 40 boys) and 80 mothers of mentally challenged children (40 girls & 40 boys) from different early intervention centres and special schools across Bengaluru. Self-structured questionnaire was used to study the socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics of respondents and the levels of perceived stress was assessed using Family Interview for Stress and Coping Scale, (Part I) developed by Girimaji (1999) from NIMHANS. Statistical analysis such as mean, standard deviation and Z-test were used for the present study. Results reveal that there is significant difference in perceived parenting stress among mothers of physically challenged children and mentally challenged children. Mothers of physically challenged children reported higher level of stress as compared to mothers of mentally challenged children in the areas of extra input of care, decreased leisure time, neglect of others, disturbed behavior, personal distress, other interpersonal problems and effect on siblings and other family worries.

Pages: 890-894Lydia Betsy M. and Laitonjam Valentina (Department of Human Development, Mount Carmel College, Bengaluru…

Pages: 895-905
Shruthi Keerthika N. and Naachimuthu K.P. (Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)

Resilience is known to be the ability to face the changes, adapt to the new situations, and bounce back from the hard situations. It's a positive way to face situations, to find solutions to problems than pondering over the problem. Resilient people are more flexible and adaptable to change, they tend to recover from hardships, they learn from mistakes. The present study is an attempt to develop and validate PSG Resilience scale for Gen Y, focusing on four dimensions of resilience, and these dimensions define / describe the resilient behavior of an individual. The target population for this study was people of the age group 18-30. From the total population, about 300 students randomly chosen for the present study (sample size was determined based on the number of predictors using G3 statistical software). The age range of the participants was 17 to 30 years, with a mean age (21.0 years). To explore the underlying factor structure of the PSG Resilience scale, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed on the data set. This is used to reduce a relatively large number of variables into a parsimonious set of factors (DeVellis, 2003) and to ensure the construct validity of the scale. Reliability analysis were also done, the PSG Resilience scale for Gen Y was found to be reliable and valid.

Pages: 895-905Shruthi Keerthika N. and Naachimuthu K.P. (Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts &…

Pages: 906-916
Anchal Thakur and Tejpreet Kaur Kang (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

The present study was conducted to assess the 'gender and locale differences in cyber crime awareness among adolescents'. The study was based on 200 adolescents (i.e., 100 rural & 100 urban) in the age range of 16-18 years. The sample was randomly drawn from four Government Senior Secondary Schools purposively selected from rural as well as urban areas of Ludhiana district. Cyber Crime Awareness Scale by Rajasekhar was used to assess cyber crime awareness of the respondents. The scale consists of 36 items related to different aspects of cyber crime awareness. Results revealed that in cyber crime awareness gender differences were found to be significant among rural boys and girls whereas non-significant differences were seen among urban boys and girls. Significant locale differences existed between rural and urban adolescents.

Pages: 906-916Anchal Thakur and Tejpreet Kaur Kang (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab…

Pages: 917-920
Zeba Jamal and Vivek Singh (Department of Textile & Apparel Designing, COHS, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

Consumers have become more aware of hygiene and potentially harmful effects of microbes, which in turn have increased the demand of antimicrobial textiles. Considering the significance of antimicrobial textiles, the Guava leaves extract treatment was prepared and applied on cotton fabric. To find out the efficiency of Guava leaves extract treatment wash durability of treated and washed samples were compared. Extraction of Guava leaves was conducted by cold aqueous maceration and was applied on cotton woven fabric by exhaust method in 5g/l concentration. There was continuous decrease in the antibacterial activity with an increase in incubation period after washing but even then the antibacterial treatment was actively retained in washed samples even on 28th day.

Pages: 917-920Zeba Jamal and Vivek Singh (Department of Textile & Apparel Designing, COHS, CCS Haryana…

Pages: 921-923
Parminder Jeet (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana)

Social maturity as the level of social skills and awareness that an individual has achieved relative to particular norms related to an age group. This shows that family relationship determinates emotional maturity of adolescent students. The present study was carried out with the aim to assess social maturity in relation to adjustment among college youth. The study was undertaken in Hisar district of Haryana state. Three technical and three non - technical institutions were selected from 3 blocks which were selected purposively from Barwala, Adampur, and Hansi block were selected as per the demand of study. A study was undertaken on a sample of 600 respondents in the age range of 19-21 years which comprised 300 respondents of technical institutions and 300 respondents of non- technical institutions. Social maturity by Social Maturity Scale (Rao, 1986) was used to assess the social maturity of respondents. The finding revealed significant differences in all aspects of social maturity, Significant positive correlation existed between respondent's college environment and adjustment. Whereas there was a non- significant correlation was observed between respondent's general intelligence with adjustment of respondents of technical and non- technical institutions. The results further revealed positive and significant impact of home environment, college environment and socio-economic variables on adjustment of respondents.

Pages: 921-923Parminder Jeet (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, CCS…

Pages: 924-928
Savannah Martha and Jonathan S. Gore (Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky)

Recent research suggests that meditation is a healthy way to cope with stress and anxiety, but it is also important to focus on how individual differences affect the productivity of those meditation practices. This study tests the hypothesis that future-oriented and past-oriented people will benefit more from meditation than present-oriented people. In Study 1, students (n = 228), participated in a 10-minute meditation session and took an anxiety scale afterwards. The participants then took an online survey to measure the degree of their past, present, and future time perspectives. In Study 2, students (n = 195), completed three online surveys and participated in a 10-minute meditation afterwards session at a later date. The results of the study showed that past time perspective was associated with lower post-mindfulness anxiety (Study 1) and greater reductions in anxiety due to meditation (Study 2), whereas both present and future time perspectives were not related to post-meditation anxiety or anxiety reduction.

Pages: 924-928Savannah Martha and Jonathan S. Gore (Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences…

Pages: 929-940
Abraham Kebde (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Science and the Humanities, Debre Tabor Universit, Ethiopiay)
Mebrat Gedfie (Candidate of Education at Haramaya University Previously Member of Debre Tabor University)

Burnout is a psychological syndrome, stemming as a response to chronic interpersonal jobs stressor, characterized by three principal dimensions: Emotional Exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment. The purpose of this study was to assess burnout experience among Public Universities of Amhara Regional State. For this purpose a sample of 298 teachers properly returned the questionnaire from 384 distributed questionnaires. This study employed multistage cluster and simple random sampling techniques to select the required participants. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis techniques. Findings indicated that majority of teachers in public universities were experiencing high level of burnout. The overall burnout dimensions prevalence rate was 55.05%, 67.8% and 65.1% for EE, DP, and PA, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the three dimensions of burnout as function of working experience and educational status of teachers. In addition statistical significant differences were not observed in teacher's level of EE and DP as a function of working university and class in credit hour. One way ANOVA also revealed that statistical significant difference were observed in teacher's level of PA as a function of working university and class in credit hour. Co relational analysis indicated that there was no statistical significant relationship between demographic variables (age & monthly salary) and the level of the three dimensions of burnout. In conclusion, teachers had developed high level of burnout in the study area. Therefore, early intervention shall be taken.

Pages: 929-940Abraham Kebde (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Science and the Humanities, Debre Tabor…

Pages: 941-943
Neha Jain (Department of Clinical Psychology, MM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, MM University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana)

The aim of the paper was to describe psychological treatment procedure for behavioural and conduct problems of children. Article focused on the parent-child relationship and the interaction between them. The importance of the family environment had been reported in all the behavioural problems of the children. Simple techniques are described to improve the bonding and interpersonal cohesiveness between parent-child. The assumption of this treatment program is that all the problems of the children are usually caused by poor parenting and bonding between the child and parent.

Pages: 941-943Neha Jain (Department of Clinical Psychology, MM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, MM…

Pages: 944-946
Kumari Ranjeeta and Md Intekhab Ur Rahman (Department of Psychology, B.N. Mandal University, North Campus, Madhepura, Bihar)

This paper discussed stress of prostitutes which has been going on for many centuries. Present research gives an overview of stress of prostitutes, who are sheltered at the shelter home after rescued from brothels through administration. It has also examined the social and family adjustment problems of these victims within the society and family as well as rehabilitation. A sample of 6 respondents was selected for the case study from shelter home of Purnia District, Bihar. The purpose of this study to explore the mental problems of women towards prostitution, torture of brothel owner and its effect on their mental and physical behavior. This study is qualitative in nature and based on in-depth through counseling sessions of former prostitutes, who were pushing into sex work. Counseling plays a major role to know about all sufferings, mental stress, physical problems and problems of rehabilitation of victims as well as to reduce mental conflicts and improve self-esteem, confidence and self-belief. The stress are defined under two types of prostitution work one is voluntarily and second is involuntarily; voluntarily prostitution is caused for poverty, illiteracy, attractive and luxurious life, low socio-economic condition and cultural effect. Involuntarily prostitution is caused of early marriage, trafficking, sexual abused, deceiving by parents and relatives as well as neighbors, deceiving by lovers and kidnapping.

Pages: 944-946Kumari Ranjeeta and Md Intekhab Ur Rahman (Department of Psychology, B.N. Mandal University, North…

Pages: 947-951
Sisodia Devendra Singh and Vaiphei Suantak Demkhosei (Department of Psychology, Bhupal Nobles University, Udaipur, Rajasthan)

Among all the various existing skills needed in palliative end-of-life care, none is more important the ability to communicate effectively. Terminal ill experience is the time when patients were overwhelmed with several emotional and psychological symptoms, which need maximum amount of care, through effective communication in the most appropriate way. Effective communication is the fundamental component to physician and patient quality relationship, which make clinician to be trust by patient, resulting in quality decision making for patient treatment and future diagnosis plan in clinical practices. However, looking at the present scenario of Indian health care system, the absence of good communication is visible in most of the clinical practices, which becomes the underlying reason for terminal patient receiving unwanted life sustaining medical treatment, along with inappropriate care, which they do not prefer in their diagnosis. Moreover, effective communication also plays an important role in breaking bad news to patient and family. Thus, seeing at the urgent needs of effective communication in clinical practices, the present study is form through fieldwork that is follow up by analytical study.

Pages: 947-951Sisodia Devendra Singh and Vaiphei Suantak Demkhosei (Department of Psychology, Bhupal Nobles University, Udaipur…

Pages: 952-955
Faustin Habineza (INES-Ruhengeri, P.O. Box 155 Ruhengeri, Rwanda)

Mathematics is still considered as a subject that causes fear to Students in Rwandan schools. This study aimed at exploring the levels of Mathematics attitudes and anxiety manifested by secondary students in urban and rural secondary schools in Musanze District. Tapia and Marsh's (2004) instrument was used to collect data and descriptive statistics was used to analyse data. The study showed the students' attitudes were mostly high and female students were less anxious than their counterpart males in urban and in rural secondary schools.

Pages: 952-955Faustin Habineza (INES-Ruhengeri, P.O. Box 155 Ruhengeri, Rwanda)

Pages: 956-963
Jeny Rapheal (HSST, Aleemul Islam Higher Secondary School, Thrissur, Kerala)
Varghese Paul K. (Department of Psychology, Prajyoti Niketan College, Pudukkad, Kerala)

The study was an attempt to chalk out the nature of differences in the educational involvement of parents of students belonging to different educational institutions of Kerala state. Three types of educational institutions namey, goverment, aided and private were considered for analysis. Data was collected from 261 adolescents from various higher secondary schools of Thrissur district of Kerala state. Parental involvement scale (Clinton & Hattie, 2013); Home Work Involvement Scale (Núñez et al., 2015); and Percieved Parental Autonomy Support Scale (Mageau, 2015) were used to collect the necessary data. Differences in the nature of involvement among the parents of three types of schools were calculated using ANOVA. SPSSver.23 was used for the statistical analysis. The results revealed that parents of private institutions practiced better educational involvement compared to their counterparts in aided and government institutions. Though socio-economic status of parents of private school students were comparatively higher, it need not be the only reason behind the better involvement in the academic life of their wards. The role played by school's interest in the parental participation and the related school policy might have contributed to the differences noticed under study. So study raises the need for exploring into the situtaion and formulating effective parental involvement policy in the schools.

Pages: 956-963Jeny Rapheal (HSST, Aleemul Islam Higher Secondary School, Thrissur, Kerala)Varghese Paul K. (Department of…

964-968
Dinka Yadeta Oli (Department of Behavioral Science, College of Education and Behavioral Science Nekemte, Oromia, Ethiopia)

The main purpose of this study was to investigate challenges and opportunities experienced by Students with Physical Disabilities (SWPD's) in Primary Schools of Wollega Zones. The research employed qualitative design and simple random sampling technique to select 2(two) primary schools from four towns of Wollega Zones (i.e., Shambu & Gimbi) and students with physical disabilities were selected purposively (i.e.,7 SWPD's). Collection of data was conducted by using semi-structured interview to investigate the phenomena. The research employed Thematic Content Analysis as a mode of data analysis in the study. Results of the study showed that, students with physical disabilities generally find that there is inadequate physical infrastructure which compromises their physical access within the school and outside of the school. The participants also had to deal with discrimination from peers and staff. Furthermore, participants reported that being provided with proper facilities such as crunches and wheelchairs would help them find the environment less challenging. The poor infrastructure in schools cause many challenges and impair ability to move freely which, at times, leads them to staying in their classrooms thus increasing their separation. Finally, based on the findings and conclusion of the study, it was recommended that, awareness raising activities should be designed to the school principals, teachers, families and other stakeholders so that they could support and encourage inclusiveness of regular schools. School should be provided relevant training and they need to be innovative, flexible, creative, willing, welcoming and capable of initiating participatory inclusive environment.

964-968Dinka Yadeta Oli (Department of Behavioral Science, College of Education and Behavioral Science Nekemte, Oromia…

Pages: 969-971
Rupjyoti Bhattacharjee and Sendi Seb Rengma (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, AAU, Jorhat, Assam)

Marital adjustment is important for a successful married life. Rogers (1972) views the concept of marriage as basis of many marital adjustments. The present study was undertaken to study the marital adjustment of government and private teachers and to examine if there is any significant difference between the two groups across different aspects of marital adjustment. The study was conducted in Jorhat district of Assam. A total of 100 samples (50 government teachers & 50 private teachers) were selected purposively for the study. Data was collected from the respondents by using an interview schedule prepared by the researcher. The findings of the study revealed that majority of the respondents were in average level of financial adjustment, emotional compatibility and upbringing of children. However, government teachers were found better adjusted than private teachers in all aspects of marital adjustment. Statistical analysis (z-test) also showed a significant difference between the two groups in the aspect of financial adjustment and upbringing of children. There was no significant difference found between the two groups in the aspect of emotional compatibility.

Pages: 969-971Rupjyoti Bhattacharjee and Sendi Seb Rengma (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College…

Pages: 972-976
Vijay Kumar and Vinod Kumari (Department of Sociology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

The rapid convergence of mass media and communication technologies has made. Television is clearly part of the lives of hundreds of millions of young children around the world. This study examines the background and television viewing behavior of primary school boys in rural and urban areas. The study was conducted on 100 boys of Bhiwani district of Haryana state in which 50 boys from rural and 50 boys were urban. The data was analyzed by applying frequency, percentages, mean and rank. The study showed majority of the respondents belonged to age group 9-10 years in rural areas, had joint family, and belonged to backward class, having income up to Rs. 2025. Result regarding viewing frequency observed that 56.0 per cent boys were watching television up to 2 hrs and most preferred programmes of rural and urban was cartoon. Decision about channels and programmes half the cases selection was taken by father and majority of the respondents were watching television for entertainment.

Pages: 972-976Vijay Kumar and Vinod Kumari (Department of Sociology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University…

Pages: 977-981
Jin Cui (Centro Escolar University, Manila, Philippines)

This study was conducted to assess the pedagogical management competencies of Mandarin Language Teachers of selected Chinese schools in the National Capital Region (NCR) during the First Quarter of School Year 2018-2019. Results revealed that both assessments of the Elementary and High School Mandarin Language teachers rated the Teacher's Attitude competency as the highest while Information, Media and Technology Skills were the least. With regard to the Head teachers' assessment, the Teacher's Attitude competency was assessed much higher as compared to Information, Media and Technology competency among the Elementary teachers. On the other hand, the High School teachers garnered the highest rating in the Mastery of the Mandarin Language competency as compared to the Information, Media and Technology competency which obtained the lowest mean. Meanwhile, when the assessments of the Elementary and High School Mandarin Language teachers with their respective Head teachers were compared accordingly, it resulted to a “no significant difference” result. Similarly, “no significant difference” result was noted when the overall assessments of the Elementary and High School Mandarin Language teachers were compared to that of their Head teachers. Finally, the Elementary and High School respondents shared the same views when their overall assessments were compared accordingly.

Pages: 977-981Jin Cui (Centro Escolar University, Manila, Philippines)

Pages: 982-983
Rijul Sihag (Department of Sociology, CR Law College, Hisar, Haryana)

Domestic violence against women is old phenomena. Women were always considered weak, vulnerable and in a position to be exploited. Cultural mores, religious practices, economic and political conditions may set the precedence for initiating and perpetuating domestic violence, but ultimately committing an act of violence is a choice that the individual makes out of a range of options. Moreover, women are socialized into their gender roles in different societies throughout the world. In societies with a patriarchal power structure and with rigid gender roles, women are often poorly equipped to protect themselves if their partners become violent. India's National Family Health Survey-IV (2015-16) has found that a substantial proportion of married women have been physically or sexually abused by their husbands at some time in their lives. It is on this basis that this paper discusses the meaning, types of domestic violence and after-effects of these types of violence on abused women. In addition, the paper discusses the laws in action for providing intervention to the affected individuals. This can be restrained by educating women about her rights, provision of strict laws and punishment for offence of domestic violence.

Pages: 982-983Rijul Sihag (Department of Sociology, CR Law College, Hisar, Haryana)

Pages: 984-987
Vivek K. Jha (Department of Audiology and Speech, Language Pathology, Faculty of Behavioural Sciences, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana)

The purpose of our study was to determine the incidence of hearing loss and to describe the hearing impairment and the possible contributing factors, responsible for sensori neural hearing loss in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients. This was a prospective study carried out on 30 cases of CRF attending otorhinolaryngological and dialysis services for hearing disturbance and on 30 healthy volunteers for control study, having the same inclusion criteria except (does not suffering with CRF) having normal renal function tests. These volunteers attended the ENT OPD, for oto-rhino-laryngological services but not for hearing problems. The results of the statistical analysis are as follows, Severity of hearing loss in different frequencies was not the same.60% of the chronic renal failure patients is having sensorineural hearing loss. 6.6% is found to have conductive hearing loss, 3.4 % is found to have mixed hearing loss, 8 % is found to have noise induced hearing loss and 22% is found to have normal hearing. Hearing loss is a common finding in patients with chronic renal failure, and deafness may occur during the course of haemodialysis. The present study also indicate that the hearing loss is progressive in nature. Urea, ototoxins, axonal uremic neuropathy, anemia, and toxic degradation products from cellulose acetate dialyzer membranes are all possible aetiologic factors for hearing loss in CRF patients. We hope that a prospective study on this subject may clarify the relationship between hearing loss and chronic renal failure and its treatment.

Pages: 984-987Vivek K. Jha (Department of Audiology and Speech, Language Pathology, Faculty of Behavioural Sciences…

Pages: 988-990
Poonam Kumari, Neelam M. Rose, and Saroj S. Jeet Singh (Department of Textile and Apparel Designing, I.C. College of Home Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

In this study woven cotton fabric is treated with geranium oil microcapsules through pad dry cure technique to incorporate aroma finish. Geranium oil microcapsules were prepared by complex cocervation technique. Abrasion resistance and wash durability of aroma finished fabric was tested and analysis for retention of aroma was carried out by olfactory analysis done by 25 respondents. Analysis for presence of microcapsules was done through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Wash fastness and abrasion resistance of aroma finished fabric by oil microcapsules with pad-dry-cure technique were tested against the fabric finished by direct method. The findings of the present study revealed that wash fastness and abrasion resistance has increased manifold in fabric treated with oil microcapsules as compared to direct method. On the surface of microencapsulated treated fabric numerous microcapsules containing geranium essential oil inside the matrix varying in their size and shapes were found, however in case of direct method some residue of citric acid was observed by SEM.

Pages: 988-990Poonam Kumari, Neelam M. Rose, and Saroj S. Jeet Singh (Department of Textile and…

Pages: 991-993
Shilpa Shukla (Department of Social Work, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)

The basic problems inherent in slums are health hazards. Lack of basic services like safe drinking water, proper housing, drainage, and sheet disposal services; make slum population vulnerable and generate infections. Dalit women are living in slums represent a pathetic scenario in terms of ill health, low level of income, educational backwardness, and unhygienic environment. The research study found health and hygiene problem in research area like lack of proper sensitization and lack of awareness related health issues and inadequate efforts of government and non government organisations due to corruption of policies and services. This research paper has explored responsible factors for poor health and hygiene of dalit women.

Pages: 991-993Shilpa Shukla (Department of Social Work, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)
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