Page: 95-97 Jayant Gautam and Reetika Bhatt (College of Agribusiness Management, GB Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand) The study was conducted in the three districts of Uttrakhand to identify the impact of various identified factors on purchase behaviour. Two hundred twenty-five small, medium and large farmers of the study area were selected using snowball sampling. The data collected was analyzed with the help of factor analysis and regression analysis. The analysis shows that product attributes, dealer's influence, and field demonstration affect the purchase behaviour of farmers. Out of the three factors identified, the dealer's influence plays a significant role in purchase decisions towards fertiliser.

Page: 102-104 Ankita Sharma and Sunita Mehla (Department of Business Management, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana) India ranks second in production of fruits as well as vegetables in the world next to China. But there exists a large disparity in demand and supply of fruits in India and especially during the pandemic, the gap became huge due to various prevailing factors like transportation problem, issues in supply chains and cold storages, lack of labor availability and many more factors, due to which there was reported hindrance in the production of fruits and vegetables. There were many post-harvest losses and handling issues which ultimately increased the cost to the consumer. This paper attempts to reflect the scenario related to issues and challenges in supply chain management of fruits during the pandemic, so that these constraints can be removed if further any pandemic arrives again and we can meet the goal of achieving a lead growth in horticultural sector in India majorly in fruits and vegetables as it has huge opportunity of diverse climatic and soil conditions for growing of wide variety of fruits and vegetables ranging from tropical to temperate categories.

Page: 109-111 Monika1, Sanjay Kumar2, and Sarita3 (Department of Family Resource Management, I.C. College of Home Science, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana1,3 and CCSHAU, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kaithal, Haryana2) The elderly are the part of the population of any country and they require respect and attention regularly like anger and other segment of population. Old age is measured as a curse, being connected with the descent of all physical, psychological factors, isolation from social, economic and other activities. The study was conducted in Moksha Ashram of Hisar district of Haryana. Data was collected with the help of structured interview schedule individually through face-to-face interview in their local language of the elderly .The study examined the socio-demographic profile of elderly people reasons and the other factors for living in old age home and their physiological and psychological problem faced by the elderly people. The findings revealed that majority of the elderly people were in the age group of 60-69 years and married, belong to nuclear family and source of income was old age pension. Reasons for living in old age home was found to be no other family member and death of spouse and the housing hazards mostly faced at the stairs/ramps, toilet. The physiological problems faced by male respondent are blood pressure and hearing loss whereas female face major problem of poor eyesight. Family worries were found to be the major psychological problem among the elderly people living in old age home.

Page: 115-117 Sarita, Monika, and Gurpreet Singh (Department of Family Resource Management, I.C. College of Home Science, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana) Medicinal plants form the foundation of herbal-based ayurvedic treatment. Medicinal plants have long been used in Indian health and livelihood systems. The global market for medicinal plants has always been considerable and has been growing in recent years. The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) has also played an important role in medicinal plant cultivation. Plants with medicinal properties aid in the healing or curing of illnesses. In light of all these the present study was taken to investigate the health benefits of medicinal plant in Hisar district and assessment of the personal-profile of the respondents, knowledge about medicinal plants or herb. A sample of 50 respondents was selected randomly. The result were analysed with the help of percent and ranks. The result of the study found that majority of the respondents was aware about medicinal plants. Friends and neighbors was the most effective source of knowledge. The majority of respondents were fully aware of the medicinal plants Aloe Vera, Coriander, Mint, and Tulsi. Results further found that majority of the respondents had a positive effect in using medicinal herbs during COVID-19. Result shows that 'Aloe vera' was used for skin care, Tulsi was used in tea, Mint and coriander used for chutney and Methi used for stomach pain. Majority of respondents were used Coriander and Tulsi on a daily basis. These plants have been a part of our lives from the beginning of time, and they have long been employed for therapeutic purposes.

Page: 121-123 Nitin Goyal1, Ankita Sharma2, Subodh Agarwal3, and Darvinder Kumar4 (Department of Business Management, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana1,2,3 and Department of Statistics, PGDAV College, University of Delhi, Delhi4) When people think of coffee, they usually think of its ability to provide an energy boost. Coffee contains a number of useful nutrients, including riboflavin (vitamin B2), niacin (vitamin B3), magnesium, potassium, and various phenolic compounds, or antioxidants. The two most commonly grown coffee bean types are C. arabica and C. robusta. This paper, attempts to analyze the growth, level of variability/instability in area, production and productivity for both the varieties of coffee collectively and to estimate the export competitiveness of coffee grown in India using the data for the period 2000-2001 to 2019-2020. Compound growth rate technique was used to analyze the growth rate and instability was estimated using Coppock's instability index. Relative symmetric comparative advantage (RSCA) technique was used to analyze the export competitiveness. The study revealed that coffee reported a positive growth rate in area (1.60%) whereas yield declined slightly at the rate of 0.76 percent per annum. The positive growth in area outpaced negative growth in yield resulting thereby positive growth in production at the rate of 0.82 percent. Highest instability was recorded for production (5.83%) which is due to the higher instability in yield (5.72%) as only small instability was recorded in area (0.88%). Further, the study indicates that there was a variation in export competitiveness of coffee from India during the period under study. India had a comparative advantage in the exports of coffee during 2000-01 to 2010-11 and 2015-16 to 2018-19 as RCA values are more than one and RSCA values are positive during this period. In rest of the years it was found comparatively non-competitive. It indicates that India has potential in coffee export.

Page: 01-04 Abdul Ali Karimi¹, Fazel Rahman Fazel², Sayed Mohammad Faqiri³, and Mohammad Farid Fahiz⁴ (Department of Biology, Education Faculty, Herat University, Herat, Afghanistan¹, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Herat University, Herat, Afghanistan²,⁴, and Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Science, Herat University, Herat, Afghanistan³)

Page: 09-13 Mathebula N.E. (Department of Public Administration, University of Limpopo, South Africa)

Page: 21-28 Munzhedzi Pandelani Harry¹ and Arthur Shopola² (Department of Public & Development Administration, University of Venda, South Africa¹ and Department of Public Administration and Local Government, North West University, South Africa²)

Page: 33-41 Patrick A. Nyathi (Department of Languages and Social Sciences, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa)

Page: 50-54 Krishna S. Maraddi¹, P. S. Kattimani², and Vidya V. Hanchinal³ (Deputy Librarian, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad¹, Librarian, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi², and Librarian, SKM's J M Patel College of Commerce, Goregaon (W), Mumbai³)

Page: 60-64 Pratibha Khutan¹ and Suninder Tung² (Department of Psychology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab¹ and Department of Psychology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab²)

Page: 69-73 Safina and Habeebul Rahiman (Department of Social Work, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi)