Indian Journal of Positive Psychology
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Pages: 126-129 David Bennett (School of Business and Management, University of the Commonwealth Caribbean, Jamaica) The current study attempted to investigate the relationship between and servant leadership characteristics exhibited and job satisfaction among employees in two different types of organizations in the Caribbean. The study used convenience sampling method to collect data from both types of organizations. 80 participants (i.e., 40 participants from each organization) completed hard copies of two survey instruments: Reed, Vidaver-Cohen, and Colwell's (2011) Executive Servant Leadership Scale and Lucas, Babakus, and Ingram's (1990) Job Satisfaction scale. The Pearson's r correlation test was used to examine the correlation among the variables. The study found a strong positive correlation between the interpersonal support and altruism components of servant leadership and job satisfaction for employees associated with the service organization, rs (40) = 0.545 p < .01. However, the study found only a moderately positive correlation between the interpersonal support and altruism components of servant leadership and job satisfaction for employees associated with the manufacturing organization, rs(40) = 0.303, p < 0.01. Pages: 126-129
David Bennett (School of Business and Management, University of the Commonwealth Caribbean, Jamaica) |
Pages: 130-135 Poorva Deshpande1 and Himani Raichur2 (Department of Psychology, Behavioural Analyst and Assistant Manager, Brainberg, Pune, Maharashtra1 and Department of Psychology, Fergusson College, Pune, Maharashtra2) The research paper links two components of Career Maturity-Attitude towards career and Goal selection process with the Character Strengths. It assumes that awareness of the character strengths would have a positive impact on career attitude and goal selection behaviour in school children. This link is speculated to be of cause and effect relationship. Hence 60 students from 8th and 9th standards were chosen for the research. The students were rated on the scales of the Career Maturity Inventory-Indian adaptation. The Character strength (VIA) survey was administered to the students of the experimental group and their 24 strengths were discussed. The intervention was significant for the attitude scale than for the goal selection process. The difference between pre-test and post-test means was significant at .01 level on attitude scale, but not on goal setting scale. That means, through character strengths we can influence students' attitudes toward their career. Pages: 130-135
Poorva Deshpande1 and Himani Raichur2 (Department of Psychology, Behavioural Analyst and Assistant Manager, Brainberg… |
Pages: 136-140 Smitakhi Mahanta and H. Sobhana (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, LGB Regional Institute of Mental Health, Tezpur, Assam) Caregivers of Persons with Alzheimer's disease have different experiences of providing care. Stress and other mental health problems are common among them. Understanding their lived experiences of caregiving helps to develop caregiver centric service programme. The aim of our study was to assess the lived experiences of the caregivers. We explored their understanding about Alzheimer's disease, difficulties they faced in providing care and how they overcame these difficulties. The study was carried out among 7 caregivers of persons with Alzheimer's disease. Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted using purposive sampling method. Thematic Analysis of the data was done. The mean age of the caregivers were found to be 40.6 years. The following four themes were generated: knowledge about Alzheimer's disease, psychosocial impact of caregiving on caregivers, response to stress, and coping with stress. It was found that the caregivers had limited knowledge about Alzheimer's disease; they felt overburdened due to the responsibilities of caregiving, felt stressed and burnt out. Most of them had difficulty to cope with the stressful situations. Caregiving has direct impact on the caregiver's overall well-being and they require attention in order to enhance their coping skills and improve the quality of life. Pages: 136-140
Smitakhi Mahanta and H. Sobhana (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, LGB Regional Institute of… |
Pages: 141-150 Irene Khosla (Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, IGNOU, Delhi) The changing trends of the 21st century have greatly impacted the life quality, as well as individual's way of perceiving the challenges in life. It was hence considered worthwhile to examine how males and females, belonging to diverse age groups, understand and evaluate their life and emotions. Optimism and psychological well-being were the main variables studied. A sample of 120 participants was taken, with an equal number of males and females, divided equally into two groups on the basis of age- the young (18-24yrs) and the elderly (60-65 yrs). The variables were assessed using quantitative scales, namely Life Orientation Test LOT (Scheier et al., 1994) along with Ryff's Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff, 1989). The results were seen in terms of age and gender differences through ANOVAand correlations. Males were found to be more optimistic than the females; however no age and gender differences were seen with respect to psychological well-being. A positive correlation was found, between optimism and psychological well-being among, males, females, young adults, elderly and total sample. The study has implications for health and well-being Pages: 141-150
Irene Khosla (Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, IGNOU, Delhi) |
Pages: 151-154 Farjana Begum (Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh) The development of entrepreneurship in Bangladesh is very challenging and cumbersome especially for woman. It is barred by a number of factors concerned with social, economic, motivational, environmental, and personal in nature. Women who are enjoying favorable environment in this regard have the chance to be entrepreneurs. The present study was tested (i) To explore psychosocial correlates of women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh, (ii) to find the economic status and factors that motivated women to go into entrepreneurship, (iii) to investigate whether there is any relationship with self-efficacy and locus of control in women entrepreneurs. A questionnaire package comprising of the Bangla version of self-efficacy, and locus of control scale along with a Personal Information Form (PIF) were administered on purposively selected on a group of 60 women entrepreneur of different organization in Bangladesh. The age range was 22-45 with an average age of 32 years. For the analysis of the obtained data frequency count and percentage of responses made by the women entrepreneur about their psychosocial and motivational factors were calculated. The findings have been interpreted in the light of past studies. Pages: 151-154
Farjana Begum (Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh) |
Pages: 155-159 Ritu Harbola (Department of Psychology, H.N.B.G.University, Srinagar, Gharwal, Uttarakhand) The present work has been undertaken to study psycho-spiritual therapy (free association therapy, Maha Mirtunjai Mantra, & Gayatri Mantra) for the management of psycho-pathological symptoms of women and test its effectiveness on a small sample. The first researcher proposes to identify their psychopathological symptoms then uses psycho-spiritual therapy which may help women to reduce their psycho-pathological symptoms. The sample consisted of 40 women. In psycho-spiritual therapy, free association therapy treatment was given to individuals for 15 minutes, twice in a week up to one month, and treatment of Gayatri mantra and Maha Mirtunjai mantra was given to group were made to chant 30 times daily in high pitch up to one month. Their age range was from 25 to 45 years. All subjects were selected using the purposive sampling technique. Their psycho-pathological symptoms were measured with the help of standardized tool eight state questionnaire (8SQ). Mean, SD and t-test technique was used to study the problem. The psycho-spiritual practices (free association therapy, Gayatri Mantra, & Maha Mirtunjai Mantra japa) are used for maintaining the overall fitness of the body and mind. They activate the systems of the body, properly and produce energy, which is utilized by the body for homeostatic and reduces the anxiety, stress, depression, and regression of the subject. This psycho-spiritual package is a combination of three therapies that reduces the psycho-pathological symptoms of the women. Pages: 155-159
Ritu Harbola (Department of Psychology, H.N.B.G.University, Srinagar, Gharwal, Uttarakhand) |
Pages: 160-162 Shallu and Promila Batra (Department of Psychology, Maharishi Dayanad University, Rohtak, Haryana) Depression is a worldwide phenomenon, causing disability in people of all ages, gender and socioeconomic status. It has impacted more than 264 million people throughout globe. It is characterized by low mood, lack of interest in activities, negative outlook towards self and future etc. this disorder leads to suicide. Along with pharmacotherapy there is a need to change patient's thought process in the disease. Positive psychotherapy targets on enhancing positive aspects and aims to reduce negative aspects in depression. There is a need of character that can make people bounce back to normal from diseased condition. Resilience as a positive psychotherapy is the ability an individual make successful adaptations towards disturbances that can be threatening to system viability, or development. There is very less literature available for resilience as a treatment therapy in depression. To study the effect of resilience on patients with mild to moderate depression. 30 patients suffering from mild to moderate depression according to DSM-V were included in current study. A 7 session short resilience module was designed.. A pre and post-assessment was done using Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Pre and post assessment scores on were analyzed by using t test for paired samples and resilience was found to be significantly effective in reducing the depressive symptoms (t= 16.942, p = .000). Pages: 160-162
Shallu and Promila Batra (Department of Psychology, Maharishi Dayanad University, Rohtak, Haryana) |
Pages: 163-166 Nilesh Maruti Gujar and Arif Ali (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, LGB Regional Institute of Mental Health, Tezpur, Assam) Person with problematic alcohol use affects adversely on family members including spouse and children. Families of persons with alcohol dependence syndrome experiences issues related to their physical, psychological and social health. The present study aimed at providing family intervention based on 5-step model of a person with alcohol dependence. This was a single subject case study carried out in the De-addiction center of LGBRIMH, Tezpur. The spouse of a person with alcohol dependence syndrome was selected purposefully. The family member was explained about the purpose of the study and written informed consent was obtained from the patient's wife. Sociodemographic datasheet, Short questionnaire for family members affected by addiction (SQFM-AA)was administered for baseline assessment. The 5-step intervention method was used to provide help to family members. After intervention post-test was done to see the effectiveness of the 5-step method. Family intervention using the 5- step method showed changes in impact, symptoms, coping, support and family burden (SQFM-AA). Results observed changes in baseline scores of the domains of the SQFM-AA after 5-step method intervention. Psychosocial intervention such as 5-step method can help to identify the impact of alcohol dependence syndrome on family and can increase well-being, coping, and social support among families of persons with alcohol dependence syndrome. Pages: 163-166
Nilesh Maruti Gujar and Arif Ali (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, LGB Regional Institute… |
Pages: 167-171 Abhijeet Singh and Arif Ali (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, LGB Regional Institute of Mental Health, Tezpur, Assam) The caregivers of persons with schizophrenia experiences various psychosocial problems because of the burden and psychosocial distress associated with care giving. The present study was aimed to find the psychosocial problems among caregivers of persons with schizophrenia in tertiary care hospital. A total of 200caregivers of persons with schizophrenia were selected from in-patient department of LGB Regional Institute of Mental Health, Tezpur, Assam. Tools used in the study were Kessler-10, The Zarit burden interview, multi-dimensional scale for perceived social support, depression anxiety stress scale, family questionnaire, Connor-Davidson resilience scale, general functioning family assessment device. Study results showed high level of psychological distress (85.5%) and care burden (63.0%) in the caregivers of persons with schizophrenia. Majority of the caregivers reported extremely severe level of anxiety (70.5%), severe level of depression (47.0%) and moderate level of stress (60.0%). Majority of the caregivers reported high level of emotional over involvement (61.5%) and critical comment (82.0%), low social support(85.5%), unhealthy family functioning (88.0%) and poor resilience (31.5±7.7).The study concluded caregivers of the persons with schizophrenia experiences significant psychosocial problems, hence psychosocial management is necessary both at individual and family level. Pages: 167-171
Abhijeet Singh and Arif Ali (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, LGB Regional Institute of… |
Pages: 172-175 Sushmita Upadhyay (Department of Psychology, M.G.P.G. College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh) The present study is an attempt to find out the relationship between psychosocial variables and quality of life. This study make an effort to the contributing role of those psychological variables in predicting health and well-being of the patient and non-patient group. Sample consists 150 participants In which 75 participants are the patients who had to gone through surgical intervention and 75 participants are from the non-patients group. The findings suggested that their was a significant positive correlation between demographic and psychosocial variables and quality of life in patient, non-patient and total group of participants. In the patient group age was found to be inversely correlated with quality of life. In non-patient group quality of life was positively contributing personal control, detachment and faith whereas anxiety and age were universally, predicting quality of life of respondents in total group of participants. Pages: 172-175
Sushmita Upadhyay (Department of Psychology, M.G.P.G. College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh) |
Pages: 176-179 Anjana Goyal, Jigyasa Gupta, Anushka Choudhary, Kadambari Harit, K.S Ragesvari, and Ishu Gupta (Department of Biochemistry, Manav Rachna Dental College, Faridabad, Haryana and 1st year BDS, Manav Rachna Dental College, Faridabad, Haryana) During the adolescent period, a child gets fully matured in terms of psychological and biological development but the menstruation and menstrual practices are still clouded by taboos and socio-cultural restriction resulting in adolescent girls remaining ignorant of the scientific facts and hygienic health practices, which sometimes result in adverse health outcomes. Special attention is required in a girl's life as it marks a change in her life, considering it to be a special period. For spreading awareness regarding menstruation and various ways to deal with it, an effort has been made to explore the knowledge, practices, and to find out the means of getting the information. A cross - sectional study of a total of 49 women from Manav Rachna Dental College, Faridabad, gave their consent to participate in the cross-sectional survey. A pre-designed, pretested, and structured questionnaire was prepared which consisted of 25 questions divided into 5 categories to know the level of basic awareness about menstruation, the knowledge of menstrual hygiene, economic restrictions, social restrictions, and hesitation in attending work during this time. The result has shown that 89 % of respondents had basic awareness about menstruation, which included the knowledge like (when does it start, what is the reason behind it, why it occurs etc.), 69 % had the knowledge of menstrual hygiene (how to use sanitary napkins, taking a bath regularly during this period), 49 % was economically restricted (did not have the money to buy sanitary napkins), 37 % was socially bounded (were not allowed to work in the kitchens or enter the temples) and 63 % hesitated to attend work during this time. This study showed that 89 % of the workers had the basic knowledge and awareness on menstrual hygiene but being the professional dental college / medical college, it was very much required that each and every female worker should have proper and sufficient knowledge to eliminate the taboos prevalent in Indian society and to maintain hygiene. Pages: 176-179
Anjana Goyal, Jigyasa Gupta, Anushka Choudhary, Kadambari Harit, K.S Ragesvari, and Ishu Gupta
(Department of… |
Pages: 180-185 Vanita Sondhi, Arpana Beniwal, and Shagun Ganotra (Department of Applied Psychology, Vivekananda College, University of Delhi, Delhi) The area of prosocial behavior is very important as it is through these behaviors that the child becomes a contributing member of the society. The purpose of the present study was to assess the extent to which different parental styles, i.e., Involvement, Strictness/Supervision, and Psychological Autonomy predict the six different types of prosocial behaviors including Altruistic, Anonymous, Dire, Emotional, Compliant and Public. The sample was selected using purposive sampling and consisted of 96 female participants in the age group 18 to 21, residing in urban areas of Delhi. The participants were first administered the background measure, following which they completed Prosocial Tendency Measure and then the Parenting Style Index. Regression analysis indicated that the three parenting styles were related to Emotional Prosocial behaviors of which involvement by the parent in the young adult's life was the most significant predictor. Parenting styles were also related to Compliant Prosocial behaviors with supervision/strictness by the parent in the young adult's life being the most significant predictor. None of the parenting styles could however predict the other prosocial behaviors, i.e., altruistic, anonymous, dire, and public. Pages: 180-185
Vanita Sondhi, Arpana Beniwal, and Shagun Ganotra (Department of Applied Psychology, Vivekananda College, University… |
Pages: 186-192 Anju Singh, Rashmi Rani, and Arun Kumar Jaiswal (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh) The study was conducted with the objective to construct a scale to measure quality of sleep in Hindi language and to assess its psychometric properties, factorial structure, and predictive validity in Indian cultural context. Two hundred 20 to 67 years old participants from Varanasi city of Uttar Pradesh were administered a 15-item Sleep Quality Scale in Hindi language. Exploratory factor analysis (principal components) revealed two factors, 'Primary Sleep Disturbances' and 'Nocturnal Sleep Disturbances and Daytime Sleepiness', and these two factors respectively explained 27.273% and 10.292% of variance, and together the two factors explained a total of 37.565 % of variance. Confirmatory factor analyses were done for both single factor and two factors models, and the observations indicated a better goodness of fit indexes for two factors as compared to single factor model. The split-half, Cronbach's alpha and Guttmann lambda 2 reliability coefficients two subscales and whole Sleep Quality Scale have been found to be fairly high. The subscales of Sleep Quality Scale and whole scale strongly associated with BDI-II and worry engagement. No gender differences emerged on the subscales and whole scale. Pages: 186-192
Anju Singh, Rashmi Rani, and Arun Kumar Jaiswal (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social… |
Pages: 193-199 Gurpreet Kaur Sandhu1 and Col Gurdarshan Singh Sandhu2 (Department of Psychology, Govt. Mohindra College, Patiala, Punjab1 and Retired Colonel Indian Army, Regiment of Artillery2) The purpose of this study is to explore resilience and hardiness in context of personal experience the war narratives of the War heroes. The war stories of war heroes of Indo Pakistan war of Battle of Kargil (1999); Battle of Longewal (1971); and Battle of Tiger Hill (1999) were investigated with narrative analysis methodology. The narrative approach is a new research paradigm in military sciences which offer conceptual tools to explore fact-based war narratives. The personal experience war narratives of the war heroes were described with Mishler (1995) and Labov and Waletzky (1997) structural model of narrative analysis with emphasis on evaluative interpretations of the personal war experiences. Labov and Waletzky argue that a narrative begins with an orientation, has actions that complicate it and build interest into an apex and finishes with a coda or a resolution section. The constructs of resilience (psychological & physiological), and military hardiness (courage, control, commitment, & challenge) were discussed and illustrated in context of military ethos , military training and warfare. The findings revealed that the war heroes are “men of steel” who fought the wars for their country with extraordinary courage and passion larger than life. Their extraordinary war stories and patriotism for their motherland are incredibly motivational and inspirational. Pages: 193-199
Gurpreet Kaur Sandhu1 and Col Gurdarshan Singh Sandhu2 (Department of Psychology, Govt. Mohindra College… |
Pages: 200-203 Trishala M. (MES Degree College, Gama, Goa) Humans are social animals, said Aristotle; it can also be described that humans are pro social beings. In our society helping others who are in need is positively and socially valued. In order to live peacefully, to develop and sustain good relationship, it is essential to sort the differences which arise and to help other people, who will in turn help them when in need, which is termed as Pro-social behaviour. Aperson who possesses a particular set of traits behave in a specific manner in the society. Individuals in order to engage in this act has a combined influence of heredity, social rewards, socialization, situational factors, moral reasons, personality traits etc. Personality refers to various cognitive and behavioural factors which are relatively enduring and influences an individual's interactions with the physical and social environments. With an immense research conducted in the field of personality led to the development of various theories and Big Five Factor model is one such theory which is widely accepted. In this research paper, an attempt is done to understand the type of personality traits which is susceptible in engaging towards pro social behaviour. A theoretical review is made in this paper about the relationship between pro social behaviour and the big five factor model of personality. Pages: 200-203
Trishala M. (MES Degree College, Gama, Goa) |
Pages: 103-107 Pranita Gaur(Department of Psychology, Mata Sundri College for Women, University of Delhi, Delhi) Mehak Bawa(Department of Psychology, Mata Sundri College for Women, University of Delhi, Delhi) Pooja Wadhawan(Department of Psychology, Mata Sundri College for Women, University of Delhi, Delhi) Sleep is an essential bodily process, yet the demands of the constantly changing world of the 21st century may cause severe impairment to an individual ability to rest and rejuvenate. Poor sleep may have psychological effects for an individual, especially during early adulthood. The aim of the present study was to examine how sleep quality impacts the personality of young adults. Asample of 100 participants was studied, divided into two equal groups of participants with good sleep quality and poor sleep quality. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Buysse et al., 1989) and personality domains were assessed using the NEO-FFI (Costa & McCrae, 1992). The results were obtained through hypothesis testing using t values and correlations. Poor quality sleepers had higher neuroticism whereas good quality sleepers had higher extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness. A significant positive correlation was observed between PSQI scores and neuroticism whereas negative correlations were observed with extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness. The study presents implications for health and personality. Pages: 103-107
Pranita Gaur(Department of Psychology, Mata Sundri College for Women, University of Delhi, Delhi)
Mehak Bawa(Department… |
Pages: 99-102 Chinmai H.(Department of Psychology, Indian Institute of Psychology and Research (IIPR), St. Anthony's Friary, Bengaluru, Karnataka) Sunita K. Damodar(Department of Psychology, Indian Institute of Psychology and Research (IIPR), St. Anthony's Friary, Bengaluru, Karnataka) Alka Ranjan (Department of Psychology, Indian Institute of Psychology and Research (IIPR), St. Anthony's Friary, Bengaluru, Karnataka) Today's emerging adults live in a globalized and networked world, set apart by high-end information transfer, increased risks, genuinely low social mobility, and more inequality- considering all this, knowledge is wealth. Young people are necessitated to become resilient and adaptable as it is a fast-paced world. However, several youths are struggling to seek out a way to employment, economic security, and well-being. The aim of the analysis is to study the Level of Optimism and Psychological well-being among female emerging adults. The Psychological wellbeing scale which is developed by Ryff (Ryff & Singer, 1989) and the Life Orientation Test-Revised which is developed by Scheier, Carver, and Bridges (1994) were used for the analysis. A total of 120 participants (females) between the age group of 18-25 were chosen for the study. One Way ANOVA was used for data analysis and the findings indicated that there is an influence of Optimism on Psychological well-being, and a difference was seen between the three levels of Optimism. Pages: 99-102
Chinmai H.(Department of Psychology, Indian Institute of Psychology and Research (IIPR), St.Anthony's Friary, Bengaluru… |
Pages: 96-98 Pankaj Kumar (Special Education, Karam ManovikasSansthan, Alwar, Rajasthan) Wasim Ahmad (Special Education (Intellectual Disability) Govt. Rehabilitation Institute for Intellectual Disabilities (GRIID), Chandigarh) Self-concept plays a vital role in one's life. It becomes essential for the teachers to have a better concept of self which helps them to provide better services and learning opportunities to their students. Study was conducted to find out the self-concept among teacher trainees pursuing B. Ed. general and special education. Teachers trainees doing special education (n=55) and general education (n=42) were selected using a cluster sampling technique. The Self Concept scale developed by Deo (1998) was used. Finding revealed that B.Ed. Special Education teacher trainees showed lower self-concept compared to General B.Ed. teacher trainees with a significant difference between both group (t=8.45, p=0.000). Conclusion: The study focuses on the self-concept which is vital for developing interest, building character and succeeding according to individual differences. Pages: 96-98
Pankaj Kumar (Special Education, Karam ManovikasSansthan, Alwar, Rajasthan)
Wasim Ahmad (Special Education (Intellectual Disability) Govt… |
Pages :91-95 Pooja Kaushik (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab Agriculture University, Ludhiana, Punjab) Asha Chawla (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab Agriculture University, Ludhiana, Punjab) Deepika Vig (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab Agriculture University, Ludhiana, Punjab) The present study aims to investigate the gender differences in the relationship of altruism with empathy of adolescents. The present study was carried out on 240 adolescents (120 girls & 120 boys) in the age group of 16-18 years from Government Senior Secondary schools of Ludhiana District. For data collection,Socio-personal Information Sheet, Altruism Scale (Rai & Singh) and Empathy Scale (Dubey & Tandon) were used. The results revealed that majority of the adolescents had higher level of altruism. However, gender wise differences indicated that girls were found to be more altruistic and more empathetic as compared to boys. Statistically significant and positive correlation existed between altruism and empathy across both the genders. Pages :91-95
Pooja Kaushik (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab Agriculture University, Ludhiana,Punjab)
Asha Chawla… |
Pages: 85-90 Poonam Vats (Department of Psychology, Mata Sundri College for Women, University of Delhi, Delhi) Nandita Dhanda (Department of Psychology, Mata Sundri College for Women, University of Delhi, Delhi) Pooja Wadhawan (Department of Psychology, Mata Sundri College for Women, University of Delhi, Delhi) Religion is a powerful force that holds a special and pertinent place in the lives of those who adhere to it. Amyriad of studies have indicated the positive and favorable outcomes associated with religious participation and involvement. The present study was formulated to unravel the relationship of Religious Orientation with Selfefficacy within the Indian context. It was further aimed to determine the dominant religious orientation within the sample. The present study adopted a correlational, cross-sectional research design. The desired sample of 108 young adults falling in the age bracket of 21-25 years in India was obtained by employing convenience sampling. Allport and Ross's Religious Orientation Scale was employed to determine participant's approach to religion, in addition Schwarzer and Jerusalem's General Self-efficacy Scale was also used for data collection. The paired t-test indicated extrinsic religious orientation as dominant within the sample (p < .001). Moreover, no significant correlation was found between religious orientation and self-efficacy. These findings are somewhat consistent with the previous literature and further support the notion that intrinsic orientation is a healthier and mature approach to religion in comparison to extrinsic orientation. It can thus be implied that the sample might have a higher likelihood of developing any psychopathological state due to its extrinsic religious orientation if coupled with other circumstances. The findings can be further used to design interventions which focus on imbibing religion as selfreliant on its own. Pages: 85-90
Poonam Vats(Department of Psychology, Mata Sundri College for Women, University of Delhi, Delhi)
Nandita Dhanda… |