IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review
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Page: 243-247 It is largely accepted that impulsivity is part of bipolar disorder. However, presence of various sub-facets of impulsivity in bipolar disorder remains largely unknown. The present study aims to see various sub-components of impulsivity in patients diagnosed with BPAD current episode manic type. Purposive sampling was used to select 20 patients with diagnosis of BPAD current episode manic type (based on ICD- 10 DCR) (group 1) from a tertiary care hospital. Another 20 normal healthy subjects (group 2) were taken from accompanying person on the score of less than 3 in GHQ-12. Both the groups were matched on age, sex and education level obtained through initial assessment on socio-demographic clinical data sheet. All the subjects (n=40) were assessed using Barratt Impulsivity Scale and Stocking of Cambridge test, (a sub test of CANTAB). There was a statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 2 on measures of BIS. On SOC, significant differences were obtained on sub-components of Mean Subsequent Thinking Time and Problems Solved in Minimum Moves. The findings of this study suggest that impulsivity more present in patients with BPAD than normal subjects. |
Subjective well-being in relation to emotional intelligence and values among different professionals Page: 248-252 Main aim of this study was to find a correlation between emotional intelligence dimensions, values and subjective well- being among different professionals. This study took up a sample of 300 Different Professionals 100 Doctors, 100 Lecturers and 100 Engineers (age range 35 to 50 years) with balanced number of males and females from Jaipur city. The tools used were Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff, 1997); Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) (Diener et al., 1985); Emotional Quotient Test (EQ Test) (Chaddha & Singh, 2001); and Type of Values Questionnaire (Rokeach, 1973). Data collected is then computed and correlation was found between all the variables. Further Multiple Regression Analysis was also computed. The results found showed a positive correlation between subjective well-being and emotional intelligence, values and satisfaction with life among different professionals. And also it was found that Emotional Intelligence, Values and Satisfaction with Life are significant predictors of Subjective Well-being in Different Professionals Doctors, Lecturers and Engineers. |
Page: 253-257 Teachers have eminent role in nurturing, educating and developing young brains. The young brains directly or indirectly contribute in building up of an entirely new and growing world so the role of a teacher has evolved from merely being teacher-centered to student centered. Considering the importance of job performance of teachers at different levels of schools, study aims to explore the various predictors as well as dimensions of job performance at various levels of schools viz. elementary, secondary and higher secondary. The study provides insight of predictors of job performance among teachers of elementary, secondary and higher education level. |
Page: 258-262 Subjective well-being, emotional intelligence and values among professionals or in this case doctors are a very significant aspect of any professional's career and personality. Values predict our behavior and decisions and emotional intelligence is also very important part of subjective well-being. This study took up 100 doctors from Jaipur city. The tools used were Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff, 1997); Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) (Diener et al., 1985); Emotional Quotient Test (EQ Test) (Chaddha & Singh, 2001) and Type of Values Questionnaire (Rokeach, 1973). Data collected is then computed and correlation was found between all the variables. The results found showed a positive correlation between subjective well being and emotional intelligence and partial positive correlation between values and satisfaction with life |
Page: 263-267 HIV is a life-threatening disease that once make a person infected, continues to attack the immune system of a person and makes it weak even to such an extent that person does not remain as capable as to fight against even an ordinary diseases. This study aims to understand the relationship between ways of coping processes and social stigma among 159 persons having HIV who were diagnosed before six months. As a screening test, General Health Questionnaire was administered. After that, Ways of Coping Questionnaire and Social Stigma were administered to measure ways of coping processes and social stigma of the persons. Descriptive Analysis and Pearson Product Moment Correlation were applied for the statistical analysis. Statistical Analysis of the data showed that there was significant negative correlation between Distancing and Social Stigma (r=-0.17), Positive Reappraisal and Social Stigma (r=-0.24), Planful Problem Solving and Social Stigma (r=-0.23). |
Page: 268-274 Socio-economic characteristics are the most important features to examine the development level of any area. The study discusses the impacts of land acquisition on socio-economic conditions of the peripheral villages of the Sonipat city, Haryana. A primary survey has been conducted to analyse the impacts of urbanization on socio-economic conditions of the residents. During field observation, simple random sampling has been adopted and the information has been collected through a well-structured questionnaire. Results reflect that there is a lack of higher education and only 18.91 percent respondents are highly qualified. A psychological feeling of brotherhood in the society has been declined because of increasing cash prices of the agricultural land, as well as the feeling of superiority to each other. There is also a drastic change in the family types and joints families are converting in to nuclear ones along with emergence of extended families. While observation more than 85 percent respondents of all social groups have admitted that there is a positive change in the status of women after urbanisation and it has generated a supportive environment for them. It has been unearthed that in post urbanization, with the increase of employment opportunities there is also a modification in occupational structure. Primary activities are declined as a result of sharp increase in secondary and service sector activities. All social groups have made a clear statement of the view that increase in household facilities is one of significant positive results of post urbanization period. |
Page: 275-279 The study has been undertaken to investigate to determine the relation between extrovert and ambivert personality types with emotional and social adjustment of teenagers. To determine this Social Adjustment Inventory and Extroversion-Introversion Test (EIT) was used. The sample size was 216; 194 extroverts and 22 Ambiverts. All subjects were selected from several intermediate colleges of Agra. The study being expost facto, subjects were selected as per purposive sampling. There is significant negative correlation between extrovert and emotional adjustment of the participants. There is significant correlation between extrovert and social adjustment of adolescents. There is no significant correlation between ambivert and emotional adjustment of teenagers. There is no significant correlation between ambivert and social adjustment of selected sample. Extroverts are found to be better socially adjusted. As the level of extroversion increases emotional adjustment decreases of adolescents. Ambivalent are not found to be good in social adjustment. Ambivalent adolescents are not found to be better emotionally adjusted. |
Page: 284-287 Article 356 of the Constitution was one of the most keenly debated and discussed in the Constituent Assembly. In the words of Dr. Ambedkar “such articles will never be called into operation and that they would remain a dead letter". The Founding Fathers apprehended that, if and when it would be misused, it would violate not merely the federal character of the polity envisaged by them but also make a mockery of democratic principles. It seems that they were very much sure that the provision of the article would not be used to strengthen the corporative federalism but it would be used in resolving the ministerial crisis in the State.2 As observed by Shiban Lal Saksena “I feel that by these articles we are reducing the autonomy of the States to a farce. These articles will reduce the State Governments to great subservience to the Central Government". |
Page: 284-287 The present study is an attempt to investigate the Job performance among women teachers in Higher education institutions. Purposive sampling technique was used for data collection. A sample of 110 women teachers working in Government and private degree colleges were selected for the study. Self-made questionnaire on Job performance scale was used to collect the data from teachers in higher education. The result of the study by using principal component analysis indicates that team spirit is the principal component that affects job performance of women teacher in higher education. Job security is also crucial in determining job performance of women teachers in higher education institutions in Haryana. |
Page: 288-290 Emotional Intelligence has become very popular among academicians and practitioners. It enables people to use emotion advantageously to achieve desired outcome in different fields. It is the capacity for recognizing our own feelings and those of others, for motivating ourselves and for motivating emotions well in us and in our relationships. Emotional intelligence has been found to be positively related to psychological well-being, creativity, academic achievement, cognitive ability, self-esteem, reasoning ability, moral judgement, intelligence and negatively related with anxiety, stress, depress and psychological distress. The present paper reviews on emotional intelligence and health. |
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Pages: 275-280 Pathological use of the internet is 21st centuries epidemic. Its pathological nature causes an inability in controlling its use among the users and is often connected with severe impairments in the various domains of human life such as academic, daily functioning, and, satisfaction in the physical, psychological and interpersonal relationships. Subsequently, the affected person suffers from a diminished quality of life. As there is a felt need for early intervention for adolescents with pathological internet use and low quality of life, the researcher developed the 'Self-regulation and Quality of Life Intervention Program (SQOLIP) conjoining the Cognitive Model of Pathological Internet Use, Mindfulness-based Self-regulation, and, the techniques of Reality Therapy. A team of six experts from various disciplines in the field validated the intervention and pilot tested its utility with ten adolescents identified with pathological internet use and low quality of life. The outcome of the study justifies the effectiveness of the intervention by significantly reducing pathological use of the internet and enhancing the quality of life of the participants. |
Pages: 281-285 The motivation for this study is conservation of indigenous plant resources achieved by community-based practices in the form of taboos observed to regulate the collection and use of the resources. This paper examines the role of taboo observation to limit the exploitation of indigenous plant resources in Limpopo Province of South Africa. A qualitative research approach was used in the investigation. The study sample was made up of 410 participants sampled through random and snowball techniques. The main study focus was on the significance of cultural taboos observed to conserve useful indigenous plant species. The results revealed that indigenous plant users observe a number of cultural taboos that regulate the collecting season, harvesting techniques, and usage of plant resources. Restriction on striking the fruits, gathering of immature grass, and over-harvesting of plant materials are among the collection taboos. Restrictions on the collection of grass in spring show participants' ecological knowledge of the plants' seasonal availability. Taboos regulating the use of plant materials are observed to ensure the sustainability of the species for food security. Failure to follow any of these taboos is said to invoke supernatural intervention in the form of tragedies such as hail, thunderstorms, and cattle barrenness. These indigenous knowledge systems for native resource conservation might be included into natural resource conservation strategies to improve sustainable use and management of native plants, thus sustaining the livelihoods of the local communities. |
Pages: 286-296 For decades, studies have frequently identified and highlighted the challenges single women face, including problems related to work, rearing children, maintaining the health of family members, and economic burdens. The present study aims to identify and explore the psychosocial risk factors among single women. Using a semi-structured interview schedule, in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 single women (i.e., widowed/ divorced/ separated) from a mid-sized city in South India. The themes that emerged represented the risk factors that thwart the positive adaptation of single women: being single, rumination over experiences from the past, negative responses of parents to the marital issues, lack of empathy and support from extended family, lack of support and negative behavior from the ex-spouse and his family after marital dissolution, physical and psychological health issues after marital dissolution, economic challenges, challenges in rearing child as a single woman, social challenges, challenges with colleagues in the workplace, and maladaptive responses to challenges. Further research should focus on developing effective interventions or training programmes to single women that promote healthy adaptation and development in the face of adversity. |
Pages: 297-301 This study investigates demographic variables that predict psychological distress among children of alcoholic fathers in Kerala, India. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10), a standardized psychological instrument developed for assessing psychological distress, was used in a survey. It consists of ten items with five-point Likert scale responses. For the study, a total of 57 subjects were employed. The descriptive approach, linear regression analysis, and correlation were used to test the acquired data. Results showed that four of the eight demographic variables assessed independently for their ability to predict psychological distress in children of alcoholic fathers were gender (ß=.335), occupation (ß=.282), economic status (ß= -.296), and the number of years of the father's alcoholism (ß=.313). The four factors account for 60% of the variance in scores; R2 =.607; F (9.285); p<.05. Additionally, the results demonstrate that although separately, demographic variables together predicted psychological distress (R2=.542, p<.05). These four demographic factors significantly predicted the psychological distress experienced by children of alcoholic fathers. Therefore, it is essential to design health policies that account for such issues. This will substantially reduce the psychological distress of children of alcoholic fathers' experience. |
Recognising Resilience and Post-traumatic Growth in Adverse Situations: A Critical Literature Review Pages: 302-307 With the help of this review paper, we aimed to expand upon the existing research on resilience and post-traumatic growth in the context of environments of occupations, war, and war-like situations, and across cultures. Previous research on PTG and resilience was limited, hence there is a need to understand the impact of resilience and the importance of PTG. The review is a detailed study of PTG and resilience across domains and how it is different within and between different populations. It is found to be true that in war or war-like situations as well as among different occupations that high levels of resilience were associated with the lowest posttraumatic growth. However, it also depends on individual differences, perceived social support, and the longevity of exposure to the traumatic event. Cultural factors are linked with resilience and PTG which helps to deal with traumatic situations. |
Pages: 308-310 Human and supernatural beings are responsible for illness causality under a personalistic paradigm of illness causation. Among the Bapedi people of South Africa's Limpopo Province, a personalistic concept of illness etiology has been documented. A person-centered model of illness etiology was discovered through semi-structured interviews and focus groups with 273. The study results report that humans and supernatural beings are both associated with the etiology of illness. God and the gods are among the supernatural beings, whereas witches and sorcerers are among the humans. This research is significant because it sheds light on the connection between cultural beliefs about the origins of sickness and subsequent attitudes about seeking medical attention and trusting traditional medicine. Effective integrated primary health care programs that address the requirements of indigenous communities could be created with the help of indigenous peoples' etiology of disease. |
Perception of Farm Women about Drudgery-reducing Technologies in Rural Haryana: A Sociological Study Pages: 311-315 Every advance in technology brings a change in the social environment to which man has to adopt in the form of modification of customs and traditions. A massive range of ladies is running in agriculture and acting strenuous duties. The majority of the rural and allied sports have been perceived as tough to carry out by the farm ladies. Drudgery-decreasing gear and devices are proved to be a boon for farm ladies. These gear and devices decreased the drudgery of farm ladies in addition to multiplying their performance and painting output. Working in higher postures additionally reduced the superiority of musculoskeletal issues amongst farm ladies. Technological improvements have been the motive at the back of the drastic modifications in all spheres of ladies' existence. Women have the capacity to mold themselves in keeping with each situation; she has to satisfy all of the necessities in their day-by-day existence. Technological gear reduced the workload of ladies. The power load dropping has no far-accomplishing consequences on ladies' lives inside the village. The technological development and agricultural home equipment inside the village have decreased the exertions of each lady and men and multiplied the productiveness that leads the village in the direction of prosperity and development. To study the adoption of drudgery technology by farm women, it is necessary to study the awareness and perception of women. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the perception of rural women about drudgery reducing technology. The study was conducted in two cultural zones, Hisar from Bagar and Mahandragarh from Ahirwal zone were selected. The study was conducted on 320 rural farm women who were selected randomly from Hisar I, Hisar II and Mahandragarh, Kanina Blocks.It was found that on average 22.2 percent of respondents were having a high level of perception about drudgery reducing technologies whereas 73.1 percent were having moderate and 4.7 percent were having alow level of perception. |
Pages: 316-320 Temperament is implicated as a possible precursor to behavior problems. In order to study the influence of temperament on behavioral problems among preschool children, a study was conducted on preschool children of both rural and urban localities of Dharwad district. A multi stage random sampling method was employed where three talukas out of five were randomly selected from Dharwad district and from these selected talukas, two villages each were selected. A total of ten anganwadi's from five villages with 213 children and from six urban anganwadi's from three cities of the selected talukas with 121 children formed the sample. The prevalence of behavioral problems was studied on 334 preschoolers while the influence of temperament on behavioral problems was carried out on a sub sample of 206 children nominated by teachers and peers. The ASEBA Child Behavior Checklist was administered to the class teachers to assess the behavioral problems. The prevalence of behavioral problems revealed that, 47.0 percent of preschoolers were in the borderline and 13.8 percent were in the clinical range while only 39.2 percent were in the normal category for behavioral problems. The children's behavior questionnaire by Putnam and Rothbart (2006) was to measure the child temperament and its dimensions, viz., surgency/extraversion, negative affectivity and effortful control. The results highlighted that, child temperament and its dimensions had no significant association with behavioral problems among rural preschoolers as majority of children in the clinical range were found to be normal on surgency, negative affect and effortful control. Among the rural preschoolers, surgency was found to be a contributing factor in predicting the behavioral problems while among urban preschoolers, both surgency and negative affect predicted the behavioral problems. Hence, to manage the temperamental effects among preschool children, primary health care professionals and school counselors may collaborate with parents using behavior modification techniques and different therapies. |
Pages: 321-324 Bid'at in religion has caused the practice of the prophetic tradition to disappear in Islamic societies and heresies to be promoted in society instead of Islamic traditions because performing heresies instead of worship causes misguidance and depravity. Therefore, there is an urgent need to introduce Bid'at to people to get acquainted with its negative consequences. The question of the current research is what is Bid'at in religion? Is Bid'at good and bad? Who is the Bid'at initiator? And what are the negative effects of Bid'at on its initiator? The purpose of this study is to explain the concept of Bid'at in religion and its adverse effects on the Bid'at initiator. This is a qualitative literature review research based on Islamic scripts and valid scientific sources have been used. The results of this research have shown that Bid'at refers to creating a way and method worshiping in religion, similar to the way and method of Sharia to approach Almighty God. A Bid'at initiator is someone who creates something of his own in religion. There is a great deal of disagreement about whether or not to divide Bid'at into goodness and badness, and each party provided reasons to substantiate its claim, which is examined in this article and the preferred promise is specified. Creating Bid'at in religion has many negative effects on the innovator, the most important of which are mentioned in this article. |
Pages: 325-328 Our Study aimed at assessing stress and anxiety among day scholars and hostlers in age range of 17-24 years during Covid-19 pandemic. A sample of 120 students was selected using random sampling. The sample consisted of 60 Day scholars (30 males & 30 females) and 60 hostlers (30 Males & 30 Females) from different degree colleges in Meerut city. Data was collected with the help of Students' Stress Scale and Sinha's Comprehensive Test constructed by Akhtar and Sinha respectively. Data was analysed with the help of appropriate statistical techniques. Results of the present study revealed that gender and scholar type (place of residence) had a significant effect on the stress and anxiety level of students. |
Pages: 329-332 Death is the final destination of each living being and it gives meaning to life. Death anxiety means overwhelming fears of one's own death which distract us to live in present fully (Yalom, 1980) while adjustment refers to fulfilling the demands of the situation or environment by implementing suitable behavior patterns (Good, 1959). The present research is attempted to explore the relationship between death anxiety and adjustment among youth. The study sample consists of 100 college students aged 20 to 25 from MD University, Rohtak, Haryana. The scale of Adjustment Inventory by Ojha (2006) an Indian adaptation of the Bells adjustment inventory, and the Death anxiety scale by Chouhan and Tiwari (1971) was used for the present study. The results indicate that there is a significant negative relationship between social and emotional adjustment while there is no significant relationship between home and health adjustment with death anxiety. Therefore, initiatives can be taken by universities to reduce death anxiety and increase adjustment among youth, psychoeducation can be a way for this purpose. |
Pages: 333-337 The study is a field note to two tribal villages in Chandaka region of Odisha, namely, Bhagabatipur and Firikinali. Both the villages are devoid of adequate electricity facilities. Although there is a grid connection in both the villages, it suffers from various problems that lead to ultimate darkness. The field visit includes pre and post-pilot installation visits under a DST sponsored project. The fundamental aim of the project is to promote large scale deployment of Micro Solar Domes (MSD) for renewable energy application and social empowerment of rural SC and ST communities through integrated techno-social interventions for addressing energy-poverty holistically. The villagers of Bhagabatipur have benefitted immensely from MSD, and many villagers are interested in installing it for a better lifestyle. |
Pages: 338-341 Life these days is increasingly driven by competition, resulting in stress, dissatisfaction, and lack of fulfillment. Young adulthood is a unique, and critical period of development in which unmet wants, and responsibility takes place. Meditation is a universal technique that clears one's mind and connects one's inner energy to the universal energy, and leads to the pure joy of being one with universal consciousness and experiencing unlimited peace and happiness. There are many different techniques of meditation, like taichi meditation, mindfulness meditation, concentrative meditation, Zen meditation, preksha meditation, etc. Among these, samarpan meditation is a technique that comes from the Himalayas in 1994 by Shree Shivkrupanand Swami and now this technique has been spread to the entire world. This unique technique is free of cost and anybody can easily get benefit from it. Earlier, the meditation practice was followed according to the religious context only. On the contrary, this technique is now experienced according to the spiritual and philosophical context of a human and is applied for the promotion of their well-being. This paper describes the effectiveness of meditation techniques on young adults, including the physical, psychological, social, and mental benefits. |