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Pages:153-155
Anuja Deshpande (Department of Psychology, Maniben, Nanavati Womens College, Mumbai)
Vaishnavi Verma (Department of Psychology, Smt M. M. P. Shah, Womens College of Arts and Commerce, Mumbai)

A quasi experimental study was conducted in Mumbai city with an objective to evaluate the effect of laughter therapy on the happiness and life satisfaction among elderly. There were total 80 participants (40 from laughter therapy group and 40 from non-laughter therapy group) from age group of 60-75 years. Participants of the laughter therapy group were chosen on the criteria of completing at least six months of active participation in laughter therapy sessions. The present study shows a positive effect of laughter therapy on happiness and life satisfaction among elderly, and a positive correlation between happiness and life satisfaction was also found.

Pages:153-155Anuja Deshpande (Department of Psychology, Maniben, Nanavati Womens College, Mumbai)Vaishnavi Verma (Department of Psychology, Smt…

Pages:156-158
Dhanalakshmi S R and Subramanian S (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore)
Kanagasabapathy, V. (GLRA India, Chennai)
T. Santhanam (Vocational Rehabilitation Centre for Handicapped, Ministry of Labour & Employment, Government of India, Puducherry)

Although medical advances over the past decade have ensured better treatment for people living with HIV, significant challenges remain in coping with the disease. The ability to cope successfully against HIV diagnosis is influenced by a number of psychological factors. The purpose of this study is to assess the patterns of coping among the recently diagnosed HIV infected people in Tamil Nadu. Our sample examined 70 HIV infected people (69% women), attending a Community Care Centre in rural Tamil Nadu. Respondents were interviewed using Coping with HIV Scale tool that examined five theoretically-unique coping mechanisms. Analysis revealed the mean scores for different coping strategies - distraction 58.03 (SD 10.69); blame 43.59 (SD 14.22); positive growth 55.33 (SD 15.67); expression is 50.17 (SD 10.73); wishful thinking is 62.8 (SD 16.7). Age, literacy, marital status, income had an influence on usage of specific coping strategy. However, usage of such specific coping strategy was not statistically different between men and women, type of family or number of children. The results of this study allowed us to examine the five theoretically-unique coping mechanisms and an in-depth knowledge of such strategies would allow planning of appropriate psychological interventions to enhance adaptive coping among the recently diagnosed HIV- population.

Pages:156-158Dhanalakshmi S R and Subramanian S (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore)Kanagasabapathy, V. (GLRA India…

Pages:159-162
Vijeta Bhati and Sanjay Kumar (Department of Psychology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P.)

The study aims to find out the combined effects of Reiki and Acupressure on migraine headache, anxiety and stress in 40-migraine headache suffering women of age range 30-40 years. Subjects with high intensity, frequency, and associated anxiety and stress were selected through standardized tools. The Reiki and Acupressure treatment were applied twice a week for 3 Months. The Pre and Post experimental design with control and experimental group was employed in the study. The obtained was statistically analyzed by mean, t-test and percentage revealed that the Reiki and Acupressure were significantly effective in reducing migraine headache and associated anxiety of experimental group. Besides it relief in insomnia, restlessness and behavioral irritation was also reported by migraine suffering adult women.

Pages:159-162Vijeta Bhati and Sanjay Kumar (Department of Psychology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P.)

Pages:163-168
A. Velayudhan (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore )
Nicolas J Benedict (ICMR Project Fellow, Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore)

Studies by DIPR focused on the major operational stressors, like fear of torture, uncertain environment and domestic stresses are responsible for most of psychological problems in various groups of Armed Forces. Middle rank officers were found to be more vulnerable and stressed out.Mental disorders in the form of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder have been observed in traumatized troops. Need for immediate therapeutic intervention during PTSD jointly by unit leaders and professional psychologist. This qualitative analysis focuses to cultivate mental well being which helps to reduce mental disturbances of the armed forces by suggesting Mindfulness Training for military personnel. More the time spent engaging in daily mindfulness exercises the better the mood, working memory, cognitive term for complex thought, problem solving, and cognitive control of emotions and may protect against functional impairments related high-stress challenges that need a large amount of cognitive control, self-awareness, situational awareness and emotional regulation.

Pages:163-168A. Velayudhan (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore )Nicolas J Benedict (ICMR Project Fellow, Department…

Pages:169-171
Ramesh K. Adsul (Department of Psychology, Smt. M.G.Kanya Mahavidyalaya, Sangli)

The main aim of the present study was to examine and compare the emotional intelligence and adjustment of urban and rural students. It was hypothesized that 1. There would be significant difference between urban and rural students on four areas of emotional intelligence. 2. There would be significant difference between urban and rural students on four areas of ( home, health, social & emotional ) adjustment. The 100 students ( 50 boys and 50 girls ) studying in 11th class of various Junior colleges in Sangli district of Maharashtra State, India were selected by random sampling method. Study was conducted by using two psychological tests namely 1.Mangal Emotional Intelligence Inventory .2.Bell's Adjustment Inventory. Mean, SD and 't' test was used to analyze tha data. The results of the study indicate that (1) There were significant difference between urban and rural students on the different areas of emotional intelligence. The 't' ratios of intra-personal awareness 3.06 ( p<.01), inter-personal awareness 2.96 (p<.01) , intra-personal management 2.22 ( p< .05 ) , inter-personal management 1.22 (NS). It means that urban students have better emotional intelligence than rural students.(2) There were significant difference between urban and rural students on the different areas of adjustment. The 't' ratios of home 2.34 ( p<.05), health 2.84 (p<.01) , social 1.20 (NS ) , emotional3.78 (p<.01). It means that urban students have better adjustment than rural students.

Pages:169-171Ramesh K. Adsul (Department of Psychology, Smt. M.G.Kanya Mahavidyalaya, Sangli)

Pages:172-174
Kiran Sahu (Department of Psychology, G.D.H.G. College, Moradabad, U.P.)

Emotional intelligence is the ability to perceive emotions, to access and generate emotions so as to assist thought, to understand emotions and emotional knowledge and to promote emotional and intellectual growth. It is presumed that family structure plays very important role in developing high emotional intelligence and positive self esteem among young adults. Thus the aim of the present study is to find out the difference between young adults from single parent family and both parent family regarding their emotional intelligence and self esteem. In addition to find out how emotional intelligence helps in developing positive self esteem among these young adults. A sample of 100 young adults (50 from single parent family and 50 from both parent family) was taken from Moradabad district of U.P. Mangal emotional intelligence inventory (2009) and self esteem inventory by Prasaad and Thakur (1977) were used for measuring emotional intelligence and self esteem, respectively. The result elucidated that there is a significant difference between single parent and both parent young adult's emotional intelligence and self esteem. Further, adults from both parent families have high level of emotional intelligence and better self esteem in comparison to adults belonging to single parent family.

Pages:172-174Kiran Sahu (Department of Psychology, G.D.H.G. College, Moradabad, U.P.)

Pages:175-178
Kamini C. Tanwar, Nitika Grover and Pratima Gulia ( Amity Institute of Behavioural and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Haryana)

Almost every day we describe and assess the personalities of the people around us. The present paper includes two different dimension of personality, i.e., Depressive and Spiritual Personality. People with depressive personality have a generally gloomy outlook on life, themselves, the past and the future. On the other hand, spiritual personality can be defined as the one who knows how to anchor his lifestyles around his noble attitude towards others and follow the path of moral rectitude. The main objective of the present study is to examine: a) difference between post-graduate male and female students on depressive personality and spiritual dimension of personality; and b) difference between management and non-management students on depressive and spiritual dimension of personality. The Beck Depressive Inventory, developed by Beck, Steer, and Brown (1996) and Spiritual Personality Inventory, developed by Husain, Luqman, and Jahan (2012) were used to collect the data. The sample was collected from 100 P.G. students (50 males and 50 females) among different professional courses like M.B.A, M.tech, M.Sc etc at Amity University, Gurgaon in Haryana. Data was collected by purposive sampling method and analyzed by t-test for finding the comparison between the groups. The result indicates that there is a) significant difference between males and females on depressive dimension of personality and b) significant difference between management and non-management students on spiritual dimension of personality.

Pages:175-178Kamini C. Tanwar, Nitika Grover and Pratima Gulia ( Amity Institute of Behavioural and Allied…

Pages:179-181
Ashna Gupta (Department of Psychology, Delhi University, New Delhi)

The growth of positive psychology has changed the focus of Psychology from a science which was preoccupied only with repairing the worst things in life to one which also focuses on building positive qualities. People pursue all kinds of objects money, relationships, power, social status, knowledge, skills to gain happiness. Ultimately they do so because they believe, consciously or unconsciously, that obtaining the object of their desire will lead to greater happiness. And their experiences lead them to the inescapable fact that this is simply not true. Human experiences therefore lead to the search for the answers to two questions: The Vedas tell us that happiness is not an object or a place or a time. The Upanishads define the nature of happiness and explain away this nature in a rigorous, logical manner by the methodology of the analysis of one's own life experiences. The meaning of life constitutes a question concerning the purpose and significance of life or existence in general. It is deeply mixed with the philosophical and religious conceptions of existence, social ties, consciousness, and happiness, and touches many other issues, such as symbolic meaning, value, purpose, ethics, good and evil and free will. And inevitably, questions of God, the soul, and the afterlife. We can therefore conclude that the human mind is constituted to make the best of any situation in which it finds itself. In this context, Positivism and Positive Psychology, along with the vision of Indian Philosophy as depicted in the Vedas is identical to the very nature of a human being.

Pages:179-181Ashna Gupta (Department of Psychology, Delhi University, New Delhi)

Pages:182-184
Harasankar Adhikari (Social Worker and Independent Scholar, Kolkata, West Bangal)

The psychology is a branch of social sciences dealing with mental health of human being particular when they are in some crises aiming to re-establish the power and potentialities of individual. The positive psychology, an emerging branch of psychology has been taken initiative to help the individual become more happier. The basic instrument of this is to revitalize the individual self-energy and self-confidence. The Bhagavad Gita is a testament of guidelines for positive psychology. Lord Sri Krishna has been explained how to regenerate the will power of people through his everyday work and work culture. The present paper has been discussed the importance of Gita in dealing with branch of positive psychology. It would be surely a helpful guideline to save the human being from conflict and crises of present day globalized world.

Pages:182-184Harasankar Adhikari (Social Worker and Independent Scholar, Kolkata, West Bangal)

Pages:185-186
Nalini Totuka (Human Development, ICG, The IIS University, Jaipur)

Life satisfaction refers to a person's general happiness, freedom from tension, interest in life etc. The present study aimed to study the life satisfaction among working and non- working women with two or more children (30-45 yrs). The sample consisted of 60 women , out of which 30 are non-working and 30 are working. The research tool used was life satisfaction scale by Singh and Joseph. The data was analysed by mean, SD and t test.

Pages:185-186Nalini Totuka (Human Development, ICG, The IIS University, Jaipur)

Pages:187-189
Pooja Surana (Department of Psychology, Jain University, Bangalore, Karnatka)

A distinctly positive trend in applied psychology is the increasing awareness about strength-based, positively oriented and solution-focused interventions in the place of problem-focused approaches. How is the 'solution-focus' applicable in educational settings? Do studies support their effectiveness in addressing student's issues? Can newer brief group interventions help in empowering a large number of students in a short time? The present paper explores the components and scope of solution-focused interventions with students. It then explores the relevance of the same in Indian academic context. Preliminary research in this area can lead to increased familiarity and interest in brief positive approaches in high schools and colleges. Some suggestions for future research are included.

Pages:187-189Pooja Surana (Department of Psychology, Jain University, Bangalore, Karnatka)

Pages:190-192
R. N. Kenchappanavar and S. R. Avergerimath (Department of Psychology, Karnatak Arts College, Dharwad, Karnatka)

The present study is an attempt to assess and compare the Self- concept and Quality of life of Brahmakumaris with Homemakers. It was conjectured that Brahmakumaris and Homemakers do not differ significantly on Self-concept and Quality of Life.The sample comprises of 50 Brahmakumaris and 50 Homemakers(used as Control group). Self-concept and Quality of Life scales are used to collect the data. t-test is used to analyse the data. The results reveal that Brahmakumaris have a significantly higher positive Self-concept and Quality of life as compared to Homemakers

Pages:190-192R. N. Kenchappanavar and S. R. Avergerimath (Department of Psychology, Karnatak Arts College, Dharwad, Karnatka)

Pages:193-199
Anita Sharma, Karuna and Jyoti Sharma (Department of Psychology, HPU, Shimla)
Krishna Pal (Department of Education, HPU, Shimla)

The study aimed to investigate the relationship between family environment and adjustment (home, health, social, emotional) in adolescents. The adolescents (100 males and 100 females) were assessed by using the Moos and Moos Family Environment Scale and Bells Adjustment Inventory. Family environment appeared to influence the adjustment of the adolescents. Data was analyzed in terms of Correlation, Regression Analysis and t-test. Regression Analysis revealed that family environment has explained 80% of variance in gender (Males 32% Females 48%) and 92% of variance in schools (government schools 18% and private schools 74%). t test reveals that gender wise females have shown better adjustment than males and school wise private school students have shown better adjustment than government school students. Thus, it can be concluded that family environment plays a vital role in the adjustment of the adolescents.

Pages:193-199Anita Sharma, Karuna and Jyoti Sharma (Department of Psychology, HPU, Shimla)Krishna Pal (Department of Education…

Pages:200-204
Talwar Mini Satish (P. K. R. Jain (PG) College of Education, Ambala City)

A teacher is a nation builder who not only imparts knowledge but love for knowledge also in the flow of successive ideas from one generation to another. A teacher can never know when its influence will cease. Emotional intelligence represents an ability to validly reason with emotions and to use emotions to enhance thoughts. Emotional intelligence may be defined as one's unitary ability to know, feel and judge emotions, in cooperation with a person's thinking process for behaving in a proper way, the ultimate realization of happiness in himself and in other. An emotionally intelligent person is, in fact, a balanced personality from all dimensions. Mental health plays a very important role in the life of an individual. The term “mental health” is an inclusive concept. It includes personality, temperament, behaviour and character. It reflects the true profile of an individual. The expression “mental health” consists of two words “mental” and “health “. Health generally means sound conditions or well being or freedom from disease. Mental health, therefore means a sound mental health condition or a state of psychological well being of freedom from mental disease. Mental health in broader sense suggests a degree of happiness. An emotionally intelligent person is able to understand situation of others and mould his approach according to the requirement of the situation by using good mental health. The development of a person is depressed in absence of mental health and he becomes a problem in society. Emotional intelligence improves an individual's social effectiveness. So both the emotional intelligence and mental health go hand in hand and are complimentary to each other. Mental health is person's overall emotional and psychological condition. In life mental health plays an important role to compete in the ever changing world. There is hardly any area of life where mental health will not play any role so both the factors, emotional intelligence and mental Health is essential for a teacher to be effective in her teaching. Keeping in view the importance of emotional intelligence and mental health of teachers, the research has been undertaken to measure the impact of emotional intelligence on mental health. Purchase PDF
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Pages:200-204Talwar Mini Satish (P. K. R. Jain (PG) College of Education, Ambala City)

Pages:205-211
Anita Sharma and Jyotsana Gautam (Department of Psychology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla)

The study aimed at exploring the role of personality and subjective well-being in interpersonal attraction (social attraction, physical attraction, task attraction) in adolescents. The adolescents (100 males and 100 females) were assessed by using 16 PF, The Subjective Well-Being Inventory and Interpersonal attraction Scale. Data was analyzed in terms of Correlation, Regression Analysis and t-test. Regression Analysis revealed that personality has explained 10% of variance in interpersonal attraction in females only and subjective well-being has shown 14% of variance in interpersonal attraction by gender ( in Males 9% & in Females 5 %). t test has revealed that gender wise, females have shown better interpersonal attraction than males. Overall, Personality and subjective well-being appeared to influence interpersonal attraction of the adolescents. Thus, it can be concluded that personality and subjective well-being plays a vital role in the interpersonal attraction of the adolescents.

Pages:205-211Anita Sharma and Jyotsana Gautam (Department of Psychology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla)

Pages:212-217
Edward Hoffman (Yeshiva University, New York, USA )
Neeta Relwani Garg (Independent Psychologist, New Delhi)
Jenniffer González-Mujica (Independent Psychologist, Barcelona, Spain)

Despite evidence from religious and literary sources that people in diverse cultures throughout human history have cried in joy, almost no empirical psychological research exists on this topic. The purpose of this study was to develop a taxonomy of tears of joy (TOJ) experiences, to serve as the foundation for cross-cultural research relating TOJ to dispositional factors, as well as to emotional and physical well-being. In this investigation, 131 adults (69 females, 62 males) born in India and currently residing there responded to a survey inquiring if they had ever experienced (TOJ). If they answered affirmatively, they were asked to describe their most recent experience and rate its emotional intensity on a 5-point Likert scale. They were also asked how often they have TOJ, and when was the last occasion. In total, 109 participants reported having experienced TOJ (83.2%) and generated 123 specific reports, classifiable into 15 distinct categories. TOJ arising from non-romantic affection comprised the most frequent category (19.8%), followed by those involving a personal achievement (16.2%), and both the birth of a child (12.2%) and a reunion of any sort (12.2%). Females reported a TOJ experience significantly more recently than did males, but no other gender differences emerged. Emotional intensity was significantly related to category. The implications of these findings for positive functioning are discussed, and future avenues for research are suggested.

Pages:212-217Edward Hoffman (Yeshiva University, New York, USA )Neeta Relwani Garg (Independent Psychologist, New Delhi)Jenniffer González-Mujica…

Pages:218-226
Fazeela Moghal and Sarwat Jahan Khanamq (Institute of Clinical Psychology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan)

The objective of the present study is to investigate the association of gender, marital status and employment status with Subjective Well-Being (SWB). Research studies indicated clear advantages of married and employed people in terms of SWB as compared to their never married, divorced/separated/widowed and unemployed counterparts. However research findings related to effects of gender on SWB is inconsistent. ICP Subjective Well-Being Scale (Moghal, 2012) was employed to test the hypotheses 1) Subjective well-being would be higher in males as compared to females, 2) Subjective well-being would be higher in married males and females as compared to never married, divorced/separated/widowed males and females and 3) Subjective well-being would be higher in employed as compared to unemployed males and females. The sample consisted of 213 participants (126 females and 87 males) of ages between 18 to 50 years with mean age 31.277 years. The demographic variables of gender and employment were subjected to Independent Sample T test. One-Way ANOVA was calculated to examine the effect of marital status on subjective well-being. Results indicated that there was no significant difference between males and females in their level of positive affect [t (211) = 1.64, p > .05], negative affect [t (211) = .385, p > .05], and life satisfaction [t (211) = .693, p > .05]. However, there was significant effect of marital status on positive affect [F (2, 210) = 8.880, p < .001], on negative affect [F (2, 210) = 9.337, p < .001] and on life satisfaction [F (2, 210) = 15.792, p<.001]. Post hoc comparisons using the Tukey HSD test indicated that the mean score of the divorced /separated/widowed group for PA, NA and LS were significantly different than the mean score of the married and never married singles. However, the married group did not significantly differ from the never married singles. Results also indicated that employed individuals had higher level of positive affect than did unemployed individuals [t (211) = 2.87, p < .05]. Employed individuals also had lower level of negative affect than unemployed individuals [t (211) = -2.53, p < .05]. Life satisfaction was also found to be higher in employed than unemployed individuals [t (211) = 2.35, p < .05]. It could be concluded males and females do not differ significantly in their level of well-being, married males and females are better in subjective well-being as compared to divorced/separated/ widowed individuals. Married and never married singles do not differ significantly in their level of well-being. Moreover, employed males and females have higher level of subjective well-being as compared to unemployed male and females.

Pages:218-226Fazeela Moghal and Sarwat Jahan Khanamq (Institute of Clinical Psychology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan)

Pages:227-234
Mitika Kanwar (Department of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh)

This study explored coping styles, social desirability and subjective well being in a specific relationship to Wisdom as the main variable. Self report inventories measuring Wisdom, Coping, Satisfaction with life and Positive-Negative Affect were administered to three age groups (N = 105). Correlational analysis revealed significant positive correlation between Wisdom scores and Active coping (p<.01), Positive reframing (p<.01), Planning (p<.05), Humor (p<.05), and Acceptance (p<.05); a negative correlation with Behavioral Disengagement (p<.05), and close to zero correlations with Venting, Substance use, Self distraction and Denial. From the subscales of SAWS Emotional regulation, Reminiscence and Openness to new experiences correlated well with healthy coping strategies. Simple linear regression of age as a predictor of wisdom turned out to be nonsignificant, thus, supporting the viewpoint that the older are not necessarily the wiser and that wisdom can be achieved at any age with age being an advantage rather than a necessity for attaining wisdom. Subjective well being, wisdom correlated well with Positive Affect (p<.01). Satisfaction with life correlated well with wisdom for the elderly group only. Further, wisdom had a positive correlation with social desirability (p<.01). The t-tests revealed significant age group differences between Emotional Regulation, Reflection and Satisfaction with life favoring the elderly sample in all three. No gender differences were found.

Pages:227-234Mitika Kanwar (Department of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh)

Pages:235-243
Pooja V. Anand and Yukti Kumar (Department of Psychology, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi)

The present study was designed to assess the subjective well-being and self-efficacy of performing artists. The sample comprised of 75 performing artists (25 dancers, 25 musicians and 25 theatre artists). For data collection Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener, Emmons, Larsen & Griffin, 1985), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clark& Tellegen, 1988), General Self-Efficacy Scale (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995) and an interview prepared by the researcher were used. Results show that the subjective well-being and self-efficacy of performing artists are high. Significant differences were found between dancers, musicians and theatre artists on satisfaction with life, positive affect and self efficacy. A significant positive correlation was found between satisfaction with life and positive affect, between satisfaction with life and self efficacy and between positive affect and self-efficacy. Findings have implications for enhancing subjective well being and self efficacy.

Pages:235-243Pooja V. Anand and Yukti Kumar (Department of Psychology, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi…

Pages:244-250
Pooja Rai (Department of Psychology, Arya Mahila P. G. College, Varanasi, UP)
Sandhya Singh Kaushik (Department of Psychology, M.M.V., B.H.U., Varanasi, UP)

Alcoholism is a disease that is negatively affecting the psychosocial areas of family members especially wives of alcoholics. (1) To know the impact of alcoholism on quality of life of alcoholic's spouse. What were the major areas of quality of life, which were getting more affected by severity of alcoholism? (2) To know the impact of Multi-modal therapies for Enhancing Quality of Life of Alcoholic's Spouse in a given severe case. (1)100 alcohol dependent patients (fulfilling DSM IV TR criteria) and their spouse (wives of alcoholics who did not have history of substance) were taken from SSL Hospital, B.H.U., Varanasi. This group was taken as experimental group. On the other hand, 100 nonalcoholic respondents and their spouse (who did not have history of substance) were taken as control group. (2) A Case Study. (1) Alcohol Dependent scale was administered on 100 alcohol dependent patients. W.H.O. Brief Quality of Life Scale was administered on wives of alcoholics and non-alcoholics i.e. both groups. (2) Application of Correction of Misconceptions, Auto suggestion, Progressive Muscle Relaxation, Meditation, Positive Reinforcement and Nutrition therapies for improving Mental Health of wife of an alcoholic. (1) Findings indicated that spouse of alcoholics had significantly poor score on all dimensions (Physical, Psychological, Social relation and environmental) of quality of life scale as compared to control group. Although all dimensions of quality of life of alcoholic's spouse were affected, the dimensions of social relation and environment were significantly more affected by severity of alcoholism as compared to physical and psychological dimensions.(2) Multi-Modal therapies /intervention strategies showed better overall quality of life in the given case. (1) Quality of life among spouse/wives of alcoholics was poor as compared to control group. On the other hand, severity of alcoholism had negative impact on all dimensions of quality of life of alcoholic's spouse, but they were especially poorer in maintaining social relations and their adjustment with environment as compared to their other dimensions. (2)Therefore, after Behavior Analysis, more focused, programmed and tailor made intervention strategies on these areas were implemented for better outcome in the given case

Pages:244-250Pooja Rai (Department of Psychology, Arya Mahila P. G. College, Varanasi, UP)Sandhya Singh Kaushik (Department…
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