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Pages:99-102
Bharti Sharma (Clinical Psychologist, Shri Krishna Hospital, Karamsad, Gujrat)

The present study aimed at studying the impact of changeover from single sex education to mixed sex settings on psychological functioning of college going girls.A purposive sample of 100 girls(50 from co-educational and 50 from non co-educational schools)were drawn from different co educational colleges.In order to measure the selected dimensions,three standardized tests have been used-The Adjustment inventory for college students,self efficacy scale and Bem sex role inventory.Findings revealed that the most of the girls from co-educational schools had androgynous typed personality and scored higher on self efficacy and their adjustment patterns were better as compared to the girls from non co-educational schools.

Pages:99-102Bharti Sharma (Clinical Psychologist, Shri Krishna Hospital, Karamsad, Gujrat)

Pages:103-110
Akanksha Srivastava and Ram Kalap Tiwari (Department of Psychology, K. S. Saket P.G. College, Ayodhya, Faizabad, U.P.)

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between adolescent's media usage (television, computer, &cell phone) and their mental health and well- being. It was assumed that adolescent's use of media (television, computer &cell phone) have significant collision on their mental health and well-being. The study was conducted in Faizabad and Lucknow cities using a cross sectional analytical design. A sample of 200 adolescents was carried out from intermediate colleges of both cities. Data was collected using three tools devised specifically for the study. Results indicated that 90% of adolescents reported having television, computer, &cell phone at their home. There was a statistically significant relation between excessive media use (television, computer, & cell phone) and mental health and well-being of the adolescents. Excessive use of these medium affected negatively all dimensions of mental health and wellbeing of the adolescents. Heavy media users felt more emotionally unstable, less self-confident, minimum sociability and unhappiness in their daily activities. They also showed high inadequacy, depressive activities, high level of anger and tension in their routine work. The findings point to the importance of giving more emphasis to research in the area of media usage among Indian adolescents and its consequence.

Pages:103-110Akanksha Srivastava and Ram Kalap Tiwari (Department of Psychology, K. S. Saket P.G. College, Ayodhya…

Pages:111-114
Ameen Abdulla (Department of Psychology, University of Calicut, Kerala)

Children differ in a variety of ways and behave differently in different situations. Amongst various disorders a common form of disorder is “Conduct Disorder”. The most important features of these behaviours are the repetitive and persistent pattern. With these behaviours the basic rights of others are violated and major age appropriate social norms or rules are violated. The conduct disordered behaviour falls into four major groupings according to DSM-IV. They are aggressive behaviours that cause physical harm to humans as well as animals; non-aggressive behaviours that cause property loss or damage; deceitfulness or theft and; violation of major rules. The present paper tries to study the attitude of the conduct disordered children towards their academic performance. The study is conducted on 20 children who were diagnosed as having conduct disorder by clinical psychologists. The results show that the conduct disordered children find it difficult to go with the pace of the class and lack certain skills that enable them to live in harmony with the society. It is to be seen that if proper interventions are given to the conduct disordered children particularly in the younger ages, it may help them to be academically better thereby, help them desist from doing anything wrong.

Pages:111-114Ameen Abdulla (Department of Psychology, University of Calicut, Kerala)

Pages:115-117
Anjana S. Chauhan and Gandharva R. Joshi (Department of Psychology, Saurashtra University, Rjakot, Guajrat)

The aim of this study was to assess the relationships between Emotional Intelligence and Psychological well being among Police personnel. The sample consisted of 200 police personnel (head constable/constable) selected randomly from various branches of Gujarat. Tools were used for the collection of data included Emotional Intelligence inventory (MEII) and Psychological well being scale (Ryff), The scores of the individuals were treated statistically, Results revealed that high positive correlation was found between emotional intelligence and psychological well being among constable whereas, head constables Emotional intelligence is not positively correlated to Psychological well being.

Pages:115-117Anjana S. Chauhan and Gandharva R. Joshi (Department of Psychology, Saurashtra University, Rjakot, Guajrat)

Pages:118-121
Deepika Vig and Sumandeep Kaur (Department of Human Development, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana)

The present research study investigated the impact of an intervention programme designed to enhance the knowledge levels of parents regarding management of learning difficulties among elementary school children. The study was carried out in 15 urban Private schools of Ludhiana City. From each school, 3rd and 4th class children facing problems in reading, writing and mathematics were randomly selected. The total sample consisted of 258 parents of these selected children .The parents were given intervention on various aspects of learning difficulties among children. Pre and post-intervention knowledge scores were assessed. The results indicated that intervention significantly improved the overall knowledge scores of the parents from poor to good level. After getting intervention, parents were found to have significantly better knowledge and comprehension skills and were able to utilize the gained knowledge for solving day to day problems related to reading, writing and mathematics among their children.

Pages:118-121Deepika Vig and Sumandeep Kaur (Department of Human Development, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana)

Pages:122-126
Mona Srivastava and Diya Madhavi Raghoo (Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU, Varanasi, U.P.)

The concept of mind is understood in many different ways by many different traditions. Most agree that minds are constituted by conscious experience and intelligent thought. Common attributes of mind include perception, reason, imagination, memory, emotion, attention, free-will and a capacity for communication. The Original Mind is the intrinsic essence of mind, the true self. The modern era comes with Freud's topographical model of the mind comprising of three regions: the conscious system, the preconscious system, and the unconscious system. Mind is energy which is all over the body. Mind is not present at some point in the brain, but mind is all over the body. The goal of life is self realization which means an absolute silence that it cannot be disturbed by anything .It means the complete disappearance of the ego. And with the ego everything disappears. Instead of "watching the thinker," you can also create a gap in the mind stream simply by directing the focus of your attention into the 'Now'. Just become intensely conscious of the present moment. Mindlessness is the right word to explain pure space without any possibility of falling back.

Pages:122-126Mona Srivastava and Diya Madhavi Raghoo (Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU, Varanasi…

Pages:127-129
Richa Shukla (ICMR-JRF Scholar, Faculty of Psychology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, M.P.)

A new global wellness paradigm is gradually emerging, the spiritual well-being of an individual. The article takes a close and meticulous look at real happiness and spiritual well being. It conceptualizes that people can obtain real happiness by being more compassionate and caring instead of always comparing and competing themselves with others. One can have comparison and competition with one's true self as one will always find that one's true self is always more caring and compassionate and thus in the process one can achieve congruence with one's true self i.e., the state of 'sachchidananda'.The lessons of wellness can be seen and learnt from Indian Epics too. Our epics are full of evidences and shlokas which give us direction for spiritual wellness. The article is concluded by saying that aiming for spiritual well-being not only makes a better human being but also a better society.

Pages:127-129Richa Shukla (ICMR-JRF Scholar, Faculty of Psychology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, M.P.)

Pages:130-132
Rupinderjit Kaur (CMJ University, Shillong, Meghalya)
Agyajit Singh (Punjabi University, Patiala)

The main purpose of the study was to make comparison between the male and female school students of adolescent period as well as between students of rural and urban schools and between those of the Govt. and private schools on the internal and external locus of control variable of personality construct. In order to accomplish this objective, 400 students of 9th and 10th classes of rural and urban schools as well as Govt. and private schools were selected; out of which 50% were male students and 50% were females. They were administered Locus of Control scale by Hasnain and Joshi. The results of the study show that (i) the male students are more internally oriented than the females, (ii) there is no difference on locus of control on the basis of location of schools (iii) private school students have more internal LOC than Govt school students

Pages:130-132Rupinderjit Kaur (CMJ University, Shillong, Meghalya)Agyajit Singh (Punjabi University, Patiala)

Pages:133-136
Sandeep Panchal (Defence Institute of Psychology Research, Delhi)
H. L. Joshi (Department of Psychology, K.U. Kurukshetra, Haryana)

The purpose of the study was to explore relationships between happiness, social skills and self-esteem in youths. The sample consists of 200 undergraduate and postgraduate students (Male 76 and Female 124) within age ranged from 18 to 24 years. Oxford Happiness Inventory (OHI) by Argyle, Martin and Crossland (1989), Social Skills Inventory (SSI) by Riggio (1986), and Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (SEI) by Coopersmith (1975) were administered to all the respondents. The data were analyzed by using Descriptive statistics i.e. mean and SD, t test, Pearson product moment correlation and regression analysis. The result revealed that High happiness and low happiness group youth differ significantly on the measure of self-esteem, emotional sensitivity, Social expressivity and social control variable. The correlational analysis revealed that happiness variable found to be positively significant with self- esteem, emotional sensitivity, social expressivity and social control. The step wise Multiple regression analysis found two predictors of Happiness i.e. self-esteem Social expressivity. These predictors account only 48% of total variance in happiness.

Pages:133-136Sandeep Panchal (Defence Institute of Psychology Research, Delhi)H. L. Joshi (Department of Psychology, K.U. Kurukshetra…

Pages:137-139
Vidyadayini Shetty (Department of Psychology, Nagindas Khandwala College, Malad West)

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of Yoga therapy on caregiving burden of Informal caregivers (ICGs) of people suffering HIV/AIDS. The study involved a pre-test post-test control group design, with experimental and control group. Both the groups were tested on Beck's Depression Inventory (1961) and Spielberg's State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (1970) to find the level of depression and anxiety experienced as a result of caregiving burden prior (pre-test) and after (post-test) the intervention. Statistical analyses indicated higher levels of depression and anxiety among the caregivers. Yoga used as an intervention strategy significantly helped to reduce the levels of depression and anxiety among the study group.

Pages:137-139Vidyadayini Shetty (Department of Psychology, Nagindas Khandwala College, Malad West)

Pages:140-143
K. Suneetha (Department of Psychology & Parapsychology, Andhra University, A.P.)

The edifice of humanity is based on positive values. The advent of science and technology no doubt tired to shake this very edifice. However the repercussions were readily felt and now attempts are being made in most of the countries all over the world to re-introduce the basic human values in the society. It is found that the core values are same in all religions, races and regions. In this article attempt is made to present some the successful efforts at implementing positive values in organizations and education.

Pages:140-143K. Suneetha (Department of Psychology & Parapsychology, Andhra University, A.P.)

Pages:144-147
Mamta Chaturvedi (Scientist-F (DRDO), Selection Centre Central, Bhopal)
Dinesh Singh (Scientist-B (DRDO), Selection Centre Central, Bhopal)

Life satisfaction is an overall assessment of feelings and attitudes about one's life at a particular point of time. The present study was designed to investigate the differences in the level of various components of life satisfaction on the basis of certain demographic variables i.e. gender, age, family type, and background. Life Satisfaction Scale (Alam & Srivastava, 2001) measuring six components of life satisfaction i.e. Health Satisfaction (H.S.), Personal Satisfaction (P.S.), Economic Satisfaction (E.S.), Marital Satisfaction (M.S.), Social Satisfaction (S.S.), Job Satisfaction (J.S.) and overall Life Satisfaction was used to measure Life Satisfaction. The sample of study consists of 240 subjects in the age range of 18-32 years. ANOVA was used to analyse the data. The results of the study indicate that Health Satisfaction is affected by gender and age; Personal Satisfaction is affected by family type, Economic Satisfaction and Marital Satisfaction are not affected by any of the variables in the study; Social Satisfaction is affected by gender, age, and background; and Job Satisfaction is affected by age, and family type. However the groups did not differ significantly on overall Life Satisfaction score in any of the demographic determinants of the study.

Pages:144-147Mamta Chaturvedi (Scientist-F (DRDO), Selection Centre Central, Bhopal)Dinesh Singh (Scientist-B (DRDO), Selection Centre Central, Bhopal)

Pages:148-152
Sarvdeep Kohli and Anjali Malik (Department of Psychology, M. D. University, Rohtak, Haryana)
Mamta (St. Paul College of Education, Rohtak, Haryana)

Adolescence is one of the most important periods of life. Major physiological, cognitive and behavioral changes take place during this period. The marked physical and emotional growths of adolescents result in strains that frequently precipitate stress and anxiety as reflected in physiological, psychological and social behavior. This is the time when they need maximum attention, care and proper guidance of their parents. One's personality is substantially shaped by the environment to which one is exposed. So, the present investigation was aimed to explore the academic anxiety and general well being amongst adolescents belonging to rural and urban areas. A two group design was adopted in the present study. Each group consisted of 50 subjects (25 males and 25 females) with an age range of 14-16 years. Academic anxiety scale and general well being scale were administered on the 100 adolescent students. Data was analyzed by using t- test. The results of the study showed that adolescents of urban area had significantly higher academic anxiety than the adolescents of rural area. No significant difference was found between two groups on general well being and its dimensions. Further, male adolescents belonging to rural area had significantly higher level of well being as compared to females of rural area. The study infers that adolescents in the urban milieu have to cope with heightened academic anxiety but, interestingly it does not affect their well being. The present study implies that there is a need to identify environmental influences contributing to academic anxiety and needs to be addressed.

Pages:148-152Sarvdeep Kohli and Anjali Malik (Department of Psychology, M. D. University, Rohtak, Haryana)Mamta (St. Paul…

Pages:153-155
Anuja Deshpande (Department of Psychology, Maniben, Nanavati Womens College, Mumbai)
Vaishnavi Verma (Department of Psychology, Smt M. M. P. Shah, Womens College of Arts and Commerce, Mumbai)

A quasi experimental study was conducted in Mumbai city with an objective to evaluate the effect of laughter therapy on the happiness and life satisfaction among elderly. There were total 80 participants (40 from laughter therapy group and 40 from non-laughter therapy group) from age group of 60-75 years. Participants of the laughter therapy group were chosen on the criteria of completing at least six months of active participation in laughter therapy sessions. The present study shows a positive effect of laughter therapy on happiness and life satisfaction among elderly, and a positive correlation between happiness and life satisfaction was also found.

Pages:153-155Anuja Deshpande (Department of Psychology, Maniben, Nanavati Womens College, Mumbai)Vaishnavi Verma (Department of Psychology, Smt…

Pages:156-158
Dhanalakshmi S R and Subramanian S (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore)
Kanagasabapathy, V. (GLRA India, Chennai)
T. Santhanam (Vocational Rehabilitation Centre for Handicapped, Ministry of Labour & Employment, Government of India, Puducherry)

Although medical advances over the past decade have ensured better treatment for people living with HIV, significant challenges remain in coping with the disease. The ability to cope successfully against HIV diagnosis is influenced by a number of psychological factors. The purpose of this study is to assess the patterns of coping among the recently diagnosed HIV infected people in Tamil Nadu. Our sample examined 70 HIV infected people (69% women), attending a Community Care Centre in rural Tamil Nadu. Respondents were interviewed using Coping with HIV Scale tool that examined five theoretically-unique coping mechanisms. Analysis revealed the mean scores for different coping strategies - distraction 58.03 (SD 10.69); blame 43.59 (SD 14.22); positive growth 55.33 (SD 15.67); expression is 50.17 (SD 10.73); wishful thinking is 62.8 (SD 16.7). Age, literacy, marital status, income had an influence on usage of specific coping strategy. However, usage of such specific coping strategy was not statistically different between men and women, type of family or number of children. The results of this study allowed us to examine the five theoretically-unique coping mechanisms and an in-depth knowledge of such strategies would allow planning of appropriate psychological interventions to enhance adaptive coping among the recently diagnosed HIV- population.

Pages:156-158Dhanalakshmi S R and Subramanian S (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore)Kanagasabapathy, V. (GLRA India…

Pages:159-162
Vijeta Bhati and Sanjay Kumar (Department of Psychology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P.)

The study aims to find out the combined effects of Reiki and Acupressure on migraine headache, anxiety and stress in 40-migraine headache suffering women of age range 30-40 years. Subjects with high intensity, frequency, and associated anxiety and stress were selected through standardized tools. The Reiki and Acupressure treatment were applied twice a week for 3 Months. The Pre and Post experimental design with control and experimental group was employed in the study. The obtained was statistically analyzed by mean, t-test and percentage revealed that the Reiki and Acupressure were significantly effective in reducing migraine headache and associated anxiety of experimental group. Besides it relief in insomnia, restlessness and behavioral irritation was also reported by migraine suffering adult women.

Pages:159-162Vijeta Bhati and Sanjay Kumar (Department of Psychology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P.)

Pages:163-168
A. Velayudhan (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore )
Nicolas J Benedict (ICMR Project Fellow, Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore)

Studies by DIPR focused on the major operational stressors, like fear of torture, uncertain environment and domestic stresses are responsible for most of psychological problems in various groups of Armed Forces. Middle rank officers were found to be more vulnerable and stressed out.Mental disorders in the form of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder have been observed in traumatized troops. Need for immediate therapeutic intervention during PTSD jointly by unit leaders and professional psychologist. This qualitative analysis focuses to cultivate mental well being which helps to reduce mental disturbances of the armed forces by suggesting Mindfulness Training for military personnel. More the time spent engaging in daily mindfulness exercises the better the mood, working memory, cognitive term for complex thought, problem solving, and cognitive control of emotions and may protect against functional impairments related high-stress challenges that need a large amount of cognitive control, self-awareness, situational awareness and emotional regulation.

Pages:163-168A. Velayudhan (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore )Nicolas J Benedict (ICMR Project Fellow, Department…

Pages:169-171
Ramesh K. Adsul (Department of Psychology, Smt. M.G.Kanya Mahavidyalaya, Sangli)

The main aim of the present study was to examine and compare the emotional intelligence and adjustment of urban and rural students. It was hypothesized that 1. There would be significant difference between urban and rural students on four areas of emotional intelligence. 2. There would be significant difference between urban and rural students on four areas of ( home, health, social & emotional ) adjustment. The 100 students ( 50 boys and 50 girls ) studying in 11th class of various Junior colleges in Sangli district of Maharashtra State, India were selected by random sampling method. Study was conducted by using two psychological tests namely 1.Mangal Emotional Intelligence Inventory .2.Bell's Adjustment Inventory. Mean, SD and 't' test was used to analyze tha data. The results of the study indicate that (1) There were significant difference between urban and rural students on the different areas of emotional intelligence. The 't' ratios of intra-personal awareness 3.06 ( p<.01), inter-personal awareness 2.96 (p<.01) , intra-personal management 2.22 ( p< .05 ) , inter-personal management 1.22 (NS). It means that urban students have better emotional intelligence than rural students.(2) There were significant difference between urban and rural students on the different areas of adjustment. The 't' ratios of home 2.34 ( p<.05), health 2.84 (p<.01) , social 1.20 (NS ) , emotional3.78 (p<.01). It means that urban students have better adjustment than rural students.

Pages:169-171Ramesh K. Adsul (Department of Psychology, Smt. M.G.Kanya Mahavidyalaya, Sangli)

Pages:172-174
Kiran Sahu (Department of Psychology, G.D.H.G. College, Moradabad, U.P.)

Emotional intelligence is the ability to perceive emotions, to access and generate emotions so as to assist thought, to understand emotions and emotional knowledge and to promote emotional and intellectual growth. It is presumed that family structure plays very important role in developing high emotional intelligence and positive self esteem among young adults. Thus the aim of the present study is to find out the difference between young adults from single parent family and both parent family regarding their emotional intelligence and self esteem. In addition to find out how emotional intelligence helps in developing positive self esteem among these young adults. A sample of 100 young adults (50 from single parent family and 50 from both parent family) was taken from Moradabad district of U.P. Mangal emotional intelligence inventory (2009) and self esteem inventory by Prasaad and Thakur (1977) were used for measuring emotional intelligence and self esteem, respectively. The result elucidated that there is a significant difference between single parent and both parent young adult's emotional intelligence and self esteem. Further, adults from both parent families have high level of emotional intelligence and better self esteem in comparison to adults belonging to single parent family.

Pages:172-174Kiran Sahu (Department of Psychology, G.D.H.G. College, Moradabad, U.P.)

Pages:175-178
Kamini C. Tanwar, Nitika Grover and Pratima Gulia ( Amity Institute of Behavioural and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Haryana)

Almost every day we describe and assess the personalities of the people around us. The present paper includes two different dimension of personality, i.e., Depressive and Spiritual Personality. People with depressive personality have a generally gloomy outlook on life, themselves, the past and the future. On the other hand, spiritual personality can be defined as the one who knows how to anchor his lifestyles around his noble attitude towards others and follow the path of moral rectitude. The main objective of the present study is to examine: a) difference between post-graduate male and female students on depressive personality and spiritual dimension of personality; and b) difference between management and non-management students on depressive and spiritual dimension of personality. The Beck Depressive Inventory, developed by Beck, Steer, and Brown (1996) and Spiritual Personality Inventory, developed by Husain, Luqman, and Jahan (2012) were used to collect the data. The sample was collected from 100 P.G. students (50 males and 50 females) among different professional courses like M.B.A, M.tech, M.Sc etc at Amity University, Gurgaon in Haryana. Data was collected by purposive sampling method and analyzed by t-test for finding the comparison between the groups. The result indicates that there is a) significant difference between males and females on depressive dimension of personality and b) significant difference between management and non-management students on spiritual dimension of personality.

Pages:175-178Kamini C. Tanwar, Nitika Grover and Pratima Gulia ( Amity Institute of Behavioural and Allied…
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