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Pages:347-349
Nilesh Thakre (Department of Psychology, SNDT Womens University, Mumbai, Maharashtra)

Hope and life satisfaction plays a significant role for development of youth. The objective of the present study is to understand nature and relationship between satisfaction with life and hope in youth. The sample consists of 90 college students (46 Boys and 44 Girls); within the age range of 18-22 years from Mumbai and its suburbs. The participants were studied using Adult Hope Scale by Snyder, Irving, and Anderson (1991) and The Temporal Satisfaction with Life Scale by Pavot, Diener, and Suh (1998). The data were analyzed in terms of the' t'- test and coefficients of correlation. The results obtained in this study revealed no significant difference between girls and boys on Hope and satisfaction with life. Nevertheless, hope is significantly positively correlated with satisfaction with life. This finding indicates that hopeful individuals are also satisfied with their life.

Pages:347-349Nilesh Thakre (Department of Psychology, SNDT Womens University, Mumbai, Maharashtra)

Pages:350-353
Happy Paul and Pooja Garg (Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorki, Uttarakhand )

Rising above the exclusive focus by the discipline of psychology on pathology, the last decade has witnessed an increasing attention to how positive psychology has embraced the so far neglected positive aspects of life. Since then significant consideration is given to different measures of well-being and its role in applied research. In the pursuit of well-being researchers have taken the concept from subjective well-being to psychological well-being. However, there always remain a debate on a meaningful conceptual distinction between subjective well-being and psychological well-being. The study aims at moving beyond this debate and explores the theoretical foundation of subjective well-being and its relation with psychological well-being. Alongside, the relevancy of the two-component configuration of subjective well-being constituting cognitive and affective dimensions is also demonstrated. It is argued that these components, although distinct concepts, are tied in a reciprocal relationship to make a higher order subjective well-being. Purchase PDF

Pages:350-353Happy Paul and Pooja Garg (Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology…

Pages:354-357
Jaisri. M and M. I. Joseph (Department of Psychology, Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit, Kalady, Kerala)

Marriage is the most significant commitment that an individual makes in his/her life. Being the most intimate relationship between two persons in their life time, a good marriage not only leads to a happy and contented life, but also generates a sense of well- being. Further, a happy and well adjusted marital life is the firm basis upon which a stable family is built. In view of the significance of the above, the present study was an attempt to understand marital adjustment and psychological well- being among dual- employed couples. The participants were 100 dual- employed couples selected from Trichur and Ernakulam districts, Kerala. The couples were administered Marital Adjustment Inventory (Singh, 1974) and the Psychological Well- being Scale (Sisodia & Choudhary, 2000). The results revealed significant relationship between marital adjustment and psychological well being, especially in the area of life satisfaction. The wives had better marital adjustment than their husbands, whereas, the husbands showed better efficiency and mental health. Occupation and educational level of the couples have significant impact on their marital adjustment and psychological well-being.

Pages:354-357Jaisri. M and M. I. Joseph (Department of Psychology, Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit, Kalady…

Pages:358-361
Mamta Jain and Meeta Jha (Pt. Ravishankar University, Raipur, Chattisgarh)

Subjective well-being (SWB) reveals how people evaluate their lives, with variables like life satisfaction, in presence of positive emotions and absence of negative emotions. In present scenario psychologists are interested in knowing what makes people happy, how we can enhance happiness, which are the factors which influence subjective satisfaction. One of the important topics of research that has gained a lot of interest and attention is for defining and knowing the depth of the relationship between personality and subjective well-being (SWB). Many researches all over the world, in this field indicated a link and important relationship between personality and SWB, and personality is found to be one of the most stable and strong predictors of SWB. In India, in present condition, when everyone is talking about females and secured conditions for females in society, a great need emerged to explore relationship between personality traits and subjective well-being with life satisfaction. Thus to investigate the personality correlates of SWB and life satisfaction, the present study was designed with a total sample of 500 educated females in urban area of Raipur City. Sample was selected from general population from almost all the colleges and educational institutes of Raipur City. For this purpose 16 PF and Subjective well-being scale with life satisfaction were used. Correlation and regression analysis were used to find out the relationship between 16 personality factors and SWB with life satisfaction. It was found out that personality traits Emotionally stable/affected by feelings, sober/happy-Go-lucky, conscientious/expedient, shy/venturesome, tough/tender minded , conservative/experimenting, group dependent/self sufficient found to be positively correlated with SWB with life satisfaction. Secondly, it was also found that only four personality traits among sixteen personality traits emerged out as most significant contributing predictor for SWB with life satisfaction.

Pages:358-361Mamta Jain and Meeta Jha (Pt. Ravishankar University, Raipur, Chattisgarh)

Pages:362-364
Zeba (Department of Psychology, Doranda College, Ranchi, Jharkhand)

The present study was aimed at studying the development of religious preference and prejudice in Catholic Christian Children by taking a longitudinal design. The subjects for this study consisted of 20 children of 5 ½ years of age who were selected on a random basis from Ranchi city of Jharkhand. These children were studied through a pictorial test of religious preference-prejudice at an interval of every six months till they attained the age of 08 years. Analysis of results showed that Catholic Christian children were highly ethnocentric and that ethnocentrism developed faster than prejudice in them. By the age of 7 ½ years prejudice became stable and Muslims were their target of prejudice.

Pages:362-364Zeba (Department of Psychology, Doranda College, Ranchi, Jharkhand)

Pages:365-368
Kanchan Dilawari and Nishi Tripathi (Department of Psychology, Sam HiggintonInstititute of Agriculture and Technology, Allahabad, UP)

The purpose of the present article is to review the empirical support for teachers to provide strategies for tackling students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Three major aspects discussed are alarming rise of ADHD among students, entangling issues with teaching students with ADHD and unleashing strategies for tackling such children. Practical implications of the school based outcome literature will be delineated, including the need for the following: (a) technical-support mediated strategies; (b) classroom strategies; (c) activity-based strategies; (d) peer tutoring strategies; and (e) homework strategies. It is suggested on bridging the gap between the empirical literature and actual practices employed in schools. School-based professionals are urged to implement empirically supported strategies through individualizing interventions based on assessment data. Through long term implication of such evidence based strategies, it is hoped that the deficits characteristics of ADHD will be minimized and the likelihood of school success for these students optimized.

Pages:365-368Kanchan Dilawari and Nishi Tripathi (Department of Psychology, Sam HiggintonInstititute of Agriculture and Technology, Allahabad…

Pages:369-371
Renuka Joshi and Sapna Tomar (Department of Psychology, DAV (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand )

The present study was planned to find out the level of Depression and Coping strategies among optimists and pessimists. Total sample consisted of 255 optimists and 191 pessimists subjects selected by using quata random sampling technique and were administered individually Optimistic-Pessimistic attitude Scale developed by Prashar (1998), Depression Scale of Karim and Tiwari (1986) and Ways of Coping Questionnaire developed by Folkman and Lazarus (1988). Findings revealed that both the groups differ significantly from each other on both the variables of the study. Findings revealed that Pessimists have significantly higher level of depression than the Optimists subjects. On total Depression and on its dimensions namely, Apathy, Sleep Disturbance, Pessimism, Fatigability, Irritability, Social Withdrawal and Self Centeredness, Dejected or Sadness, Self Acquisition, Self Harm, Social Reoccupation and Indecisiveness Pessimists scored significantly higher mean values as compared to Optimists. Optimists were found to have higher tendency of using Distancing, Seeking Social Support, Planful Problem Solving and Positive Reappraisal as a technique of Coping Strategies than Pessimists.

Pages:369-371Renuka Joshi and Sapna Tomar (Department of Psychology, DAV (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand )

Pages:372-374
V. Subramanyam (Department of Psychology, Sports Authority of India, Netaji Subhas Southern Centre, Bangalore)

Developing self confidence is paramount significance in order for sports persons to attain self confidence and achieve optimal / peak performance. Low self confidence can be altered through training that focuses on the role of confidence in our behavior. Self confidence concerned with accumulation of the athletes unique experiences in achieving many different things which results in the specific expectations. It is a vital part of athletic part of personality and something others quickly recognize about him or her. This article delineates the five steps involved in the developing confidence of the sports person. The developing stages involve identifying fears (first step) followed by master fear (second step) to be provided with how to master fears. Employing goal mapping involve in third step where athletes have used goal setting as a way to increase self-confidence and boost self-esteem. The next stage includes boosting belief in athlete's ability. The final stage involves mastering confidence challenge, well preparation, and staying positive.

Pages:372-374V. Subramanyam (Department of Psychology, Sports Authority of India, Netaji Subhas Southern Centre, Bangalore)

Pages:375-376
Sumitra Devi (Institute of Teacher Training & Research, BPS Mahila Vishwavidalaya, Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana)

A person is never helpless in the face of human foibles. Once we understand what really causes our less than-optimal behaviour, we can discover ways to control our behaviour, and improve our outcomes with the help of positive life skills. In this papers, the investigator has highlighted positive life skills and their impact in improving teacher student behaviour. Positive life skills would mean more effective and practical ways to combat human foibles and to cure negative emotions. So, the emotional intelligence, which comprises of empathy, benevolence, adaptability, self-control, conscientiousness, resilience, sympathy and compassion, is the foremost positive skill with which a person can improve individually as well as socially. We could be able to bring positive and constructive change in behaviour by harmonizing emotion and thought. Anger management is another positive life skill which can be taught and learnt. Well tutored passions too help understand personal weaknesses as well as feelings of others. Properly and adequately trained teachers in positive life skills can help the learners to improve their behaviour.

Pages:375-376Sumitra Devi (Institute of Teacher Training & Research, BPS Mahila Vishwavidalaya, Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana)

Pages:377-379
Virendra Singh Nirwan (Department of Psychology, Bhim Rao Ambedkar College, University of Delhi, Delhi)

Social Support (SS) refers to the perception and actuality that one is cared for, has assistance available from other people, and that one is part of a supportive social network. These supportive resources can be emotional (e.g., nurturance), tangible (e.g., financial assistance), informational (e.g., advice), or companionship (e.g., sense of belonging). This paper presents a study which was conducted to measure and compare the degree/magnitude of social support between the people migrated from Jammu &Kashmir, and Bihar to Delhi. The sample consisted of 100 people between the age of 18-30, with equal number of people belonging to both the states and sexes. The SS was assessed using Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ). The number of people named & the level of satisfaction rated toward the same people from whom each participant seeks social support were carefully examined. The result is twofold as for no. of people and the level of satisfaction reported on six point scale by each participant. The hypothesis was tested at level of significance of .01. From the data, it is concluded that people from Bihar who migrated to Delhi are well and better in seeking social support from society and find it easy to get along with local people than those from Jammu & Kashmir who find it hard to get along with others and exercise rudeness. This paper presents the study in rich detail and explains the methods by which conclusions are drawn.

Pages:377-379Virendra Singh Nirwan (Department of Psychology, Bhim Rao Ambedkar College, University of Delhi, Delhi)

Pages:380-383
Sumitra Devi (Institute of Teacher Training & Research BPS Mahila Vishwavidalaya Khanpur, Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana)
Meenakshi Dahiya (Directorate of Secondary Education Haryana, Punchkula)

The examination results at secondary school level in the State of Haryana reveal that there are hoard of low-achievers. The investigators thought to look into the reasons and effective remedies. Based on the research finding of Hansford and Hattie (1982) and Damon and Hart (1988), the investigators too agreed that the children who have clearer and more positive perception of their abilities, and have more positive views of themselves, always do better in their studies as compared to children who doubt their own abilities. Thus, the investigators conducted the study on whether and how better study habits in cooperative learning class room enhance academic performance and self-efficacy of low achievers with the objectives of looking into reason of low achieving and low self-efficacy and to correct these deficiencies though better study habits in cooperative class room setting. STAD method of cooperative learning was applied and the evaluation was done through teacher-made achievement tests of all subject of 10th class throughout the 2nd semester in the academic session 2011-12 in addition to self-made self-efficacy scale, interviews, observations and information supplied by the stake holders. The investigators found environmental and emotional factors; non availability of good reading materials; and lack of attention by stake holders as reason behind low achievement and low self-efficacy. The STAD method of cooperative learning with better study habits was found to enhance academic performance and self- efficacy of low achievers.

Pages:380-383Sumitra Devi (Institute of Teacher Training & Research BPS Mahila Vishwavidalaya Khanpur, Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana)Meenakshi…

Pages:384-386
m Girija and Bharathi Kumar K. (Department of Psychology, Jamia Milia Islamia University, Delhi)

In this study the authors examined emotional competence of the Manipuri students studying in Delhi and in Manipur. A sample of manipuri students (male and female) studying in Delhi and in Manipur was randomly selected for the study. Emotional competence scale by Albert, Rejeswri, and Anantharaman (2001) was administered to the subjects, 2x2 ANOVA was carried out for the total emotional competence. The main effect of locality (f=4.2*, p<.05), is significant. The main effect of gender (f=0.05, p>.05), and interaction of locality X gender (f=0.00, p>.05), is not significant. In the subfactors like self-awareness (16.57**), self-control (5.19*), motivation (20.29**), and self-assessment (12.42**) significant difference was found between the locality of manipuri student studying in Delhi and in Manipur.`

Pages:384-386m Girija and Bharathi Kumar K. (Department of Psychology, Jamia Milia Islamia University, Delhi)

Pages:387-390
Phooljani Ghosh and Tilottama Mukherjee (Department of Psychology, Calcutta University, Kolkata)

In recent years, psychology has spread its wings and left its undeniable marks into many areas. Psycho-oncology is one such area where it works on assessing the mental states of cancer patients and offering ways to reduce stress. The term Cancer immediately causes fear and hopelessness among patients. Among women, Breast cancer is a major cause of mortality across the world. Breast cancer triggers wide range of adverse psychological conditions; both as emotional reactions to the disease and as the side effects of the treatment modules. Factors like pain, nausea, vomiting, decreased sleep are natural side effects of the cancer treatment, but when it comes with psychological reactions such as anger, hopelessness, helplessness, anxiety, depression, fear of relapse, the journey through the disease course becomes unbearable. In last few years, patients have shown in increased amount of interest on alternative and complementary medicine and intervention procedures and Mindfulness has proved to be the choice of many. Mindfulness has its root in Eastern Spiritual beliefs and it works on the unity of mind and body as a whole. Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) module is devised and designed so to reduce stress and to improve a person's quality of life. Mindfulness is an attribute of consciousness long believed to promote well-being. Mindfulness meditation as a means of relaxation, reduction of psychological distress, and symptom control has a demonstrated utility across a spectrum of health care concerns including cancer. Purchase PDF
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Pages:387-390Phooljani Ghosh and Tilottama Mukherjee (Department of Psychology, Calcutta University, Kolkata)

Pages:391-395
Edward Hoffman (Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA )
Garima Srivastava (All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi)
Sonia Kapur (University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA)

Nursing education has increasingly recognized the importance of dispositional factors in affecting student attrition and motivation. Yet meager empirical research exists on intrinsic motivational attributes of nursing students. In our view, early peak-experiences can provide useful information in this domain. We therefore collected data among Indian nursing students attending two nursing programs at a medical university in New Delhi. Sixty-six females responded to a questionnaire asking them to describe a peak-experience occurring before the age of 14 and its impact on their subsequent view of life. They also rated the enduring impact of their peak-experience on a 5-point Likert scale. Among their 68 reports, those involving external achievement were most frequent (35.3%). These were followed in frequency by interpersonal joy (27.9%), developmental landmark (17.7%), and receiving a material gift (11.8%). Peaks related to nature, skill mastery, or a religious experience in an institutional or non-institutional setting, were relatively rare, each accounting for less than 3% of all reports. No other categories of peak-experience, such as pertaining to aesthetics, philosophical musing, or serenity, were reported. The implications of our findings for optimizing Indian nursing education are discussed. Future avenues for research are highlighted.

Pages:391-395Edward Hoffman (Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA )Garima Srivastava (All India Institute of Medical…

Pages:396-400
Wenny Hulukati (Guidance and Counseling Department, Faculty of Education (FIP), Gorontalo State University, Indonesia)

This study was a multi-year study, which lasted for 3 years. Year one activities was about identifying problems faced by the counselors and teachers in relation to personality development in the program of guidance and counseling, analyzing the curriculum, analyzing the content of the activities, developing draft guidelines: (a) the teacher's guide, (b) the students' guide, and (c) the assessment guide. While second year activities included: development of instruments for the pilot study on guidance and counseling, completed expert evaluation and revision, accomplished a small-scale field testing and revision of the product, implemented large-scale field trials and final products, trained teachers and students about how to use products that had been developed. And the third year comprised of measuring the effectiveness of the guidelines that had been developed to enhance the professionalism of teachers, counselors, and students through a quasi-experiment. The results of the study, revealed that: the devised individual-development guide was effective in improving the counselor's competence in conducting guidance and counseling to the high school students. This showed that instruments developed are suitable for teachers in conducting guidance and counseling program at the level of senior high school.

Pages:396-400Wenny Hulukati (Guidance and Counseling Department, Faculty of Education (FIP), Gorontalo State University, Indonesia)

Pages:401-406
Komal Chandiramani and Waheeda Khan (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi)

Post Traumatic Growth (PTG) and Subjective Well Being (SWB) play a very important role in evaluating a person's experience as cancer patients. The present study was designed to compare and examine the relationship between PTG and SWB among stage I and stage II breast cancer patients. For this, a sample of 60 patients was taken (30 in each group) from hospitals of Delhi and was administered Post Traumatic Growth Inventory and Subjective Well Being Inventory. Group differences were evaluated using t test. Results indicated that stage II breast cancer patients were significantly higher on overall PTG and its dimensions of new possibility, appreciation to life and spiritual change. The similar trend was observed with respect to overall SWB and its dimensions i.e. well being-positive affect, transcendence, social support, perceived ill health, deficiency in social contacts, well being-negative affect. Moreover, stage II patients indicated more significant positive relations between two constructs as compared to stage I patients. It was concluded that both are important constructs in evaluating positive change in cancer patients. Future research should focus on interventions that would be beneficial for stage I and II breast cancer patients and should also incorporate qualitative aspects of the cancer diagnosis.

Pages:401-406Komal Chandiramani and Waheeda Khan (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi)

Pages:407-411
Jagpreet Kaur and Dalvir Singh (Department of Education, Punjabi University, Patiala)

Over the past 20 years, the psychological hardiness construct has emerged as a buffer in the relationship between stressors and illness and has been shown to enhance performance, conduct, and morale The present study examined the relationship between psychological hardiness and family environment of adolescents in a sample of 300 adolescents from Sangrur district of Punjab. The results of correlation analysis revealed that psychological hardiness among adolescents is significantly related to all the eight family environment components as well as total family environment. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was run to examine the extent to which the various dimensions of family environment contributed to the variability in psychological hardiness among adolescents. The results indicated that that family environment emerged as a significant predictor of control and challenge dimension of psychological hardiness and as well as total psychological hardiness among adolescents. However, none of the family environment components or total family environment emerged as a significant predictor of commitment dimension of psychological hardiness among adolescents. These results of the study have implications for counsellors, teachers and parents.

Pages:407-411Jagpreet Kaur and Dalvir Singh (Department of Education, Punjabi University, Patiala)

Pages:412-417
Naved Iqbal, Aafreen Sarfaraz, Sheema Aleem and Samina Bano (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi)

Traditionally psychologists have focused on negative effect of stressful life events, but now there is growing realization that in some people it can bring positive change or posttraumatic growth. Most of the studies of posttraumatic growth were conducted on adults, there is some debate whether this topic is appropriate to study in children or not. In view of this present study was planned to study “sense of coherence, social support and coping as predictors of posttraumatic growth in orphan children.” Sample of the present study comprised 50 subjects (age 10-12). Sample was collected from different orphanages in Delhi. Sense of coherence was measured by the Sense of Coherence Scale developed by Antonovsky (1987). Social support was measured by Social Support Questionnaire for children (SSQC) developed by Gordon, Thompson, Kelley, Schexnaildre, and Burns (2010). Coping was measured by Youth Coping Responses Inventory (YCRI) developed by Hernandez, Vigna, and Kelley (2010). Posttraumatic growth was measured by Posttraumatic Growth Inventory for Children (PTGI-C) developed by Cryder, Kilmer, Tedeschi, and Calhoun, (2006). The effect of these three predictor variables (sense of coherence, social support and coping) were assessed on the five dimensions of posttraumatic growth (i.e. relating to others, new possibilities, personal strength, spiritual change and appreciation of life). Obtained data were analyzed with the help of simultaneous multiple regressions. Results showed that total sense of coherence was not found as a significant predictor but when dimensions of sense of coherence were studied as predictors of different dimensions of posttraumatic growth, manageability dimension of sense of coherence was found to be significant predictor of all but one dimension of posttraumatic growth, i.e., spiritual change. Total social support was a significant predictor as well as its two types, i.e., peer and adult of most of the dimensions of posttraumatic growth. Total coping was found to be a significant predictor of spiritual change dimension of posttraumatic growth. When different coping were studied as predictors, diversion coping was found to be significant predictor for relating to others, new possibilities and spiritual change and ameliorative coping was found to be significant predictor of relating to others, personal strength, and appreciation dimensions of posttraumatic growth. Total sense of coherence, social support and coping yielded large effect size for all the dimensions of posttraumatic growth.

Pages:412-417Naved Iqbal, Aafreen Sarfaraz, Sheema Aleem and Samina Bano (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia…

Pages:418-422
Vandana Kapur and Meetu Khosla (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)

The study examines the differences in subjective well-being among mildly-depressed and non-depressed college students (n=160). Subjective well-being was assessed using measures of general well-being, life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect and self-esteem. The P.G.I. general well being scale was used to assess general well-being of the participants, while the Satisfaction with Life Scale was used to assess global life satisfaction. PANAS-R adapted from the original PANAS was used to measure affective responses while the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory was used to assess the self-esteem of participants. The results indicate that non-depressed participants reported better general well-being, greater life satisfaction, more positive affect and less negative affect and higher self-esteem as compared to mildly-depressed participants.

Pages:418-422Vandana Kapur and Meetu Khosla (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)

Pages:423-425
Anjana S. Chauhan and Gandharva R. JoshiQ (Department of Psychology, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat)

The study was designed to investigate the impact of certain personal variables on Emotional Intelligence of police personnel. The sample consisted of 200 police personnel (Constable/Head Constable) selected randomly from various branches of Rajkot and Junagarh districts. Mangal's Emotional Intelligence Inventory was used to measure emotional intelligence. the results indicated that police are not emotionally intelligent when they were tested on the following variables: gender (t = 1.64, > 0.05), area of residence (t = 1.40, > 0.05), marital status (t = 0.67, > 0.05), and family status (t = 1.73, > 0.05). Whereas, some variables namely education qualification and work experience, job status, age, monthly income and type of family have significant effect on emotional intelligence of police.

Pages:423-425Anjana S. Chauhan and Gandharva R. JoshiQ (Department of Psychology, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat)
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