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Pages:290-295
Niranjan Sia (Department of Psychology, Nayagarh (Auto.) College, Nayagarh, Odisha)
Sanjukta Padhi (Department of Psychology, V. N. (Auto.) College Jajpur, Odisha and Utkal University)

Psychologists have suggested for good social network and better Perceived Social Support for adolescents to maintain proper conditions of health. The present study attempts to explicate empirically the relationships among the domains of Social Support and those of Mental Health in relation to the level of perception and conditions of rearing of orphan adolescents. This is an empirical investigation in psychology which involved 2 (rearing status) x 2 (level of support) factorial design. Accordingly, there were 200 (100 family reared and 100 institutionalised) adolescents in this study. They were administered two standardized scales named “Health Behaviour Questionnaire” and “Perceived Social Support Scale” to find out the impact of rearing condition, level of support in procuring domains of mental health. The findings of the study as reflected in the results highlighted certain interesting dimensions of the study. Most of the findings are similar to the hypothesis made in the study. However, some musual findings have also been derived in relation to interaction effect of Perceived Level and Rearing Conditions on some domains of mental health like coping to crises, control over environment and freedom from anxiety. Similar findings have also been yielded with respect to components of social support such as Perceived Integral Social Support. With the above findings some socially useful suggestions have been recommended for future care of Orphan adolescents.

Pages:290-295Niranjan Sia (Department of Psychology, Nayagarh (Auto.) College, Nayagarh, Odisha)Sanjukta Padhi (Department of Psychology, V…

Pages:296-300
Are. Suresh Babu (Department of Psychology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh)

In this changing global scenario sales organizations have to manage change in an effective way. Emotional Intelligence plays an important role in helping the employees and management to cope with this dynamic change in the sales environment. Emotional intelligence is the employee's ability to recognize and understand emotions and using emotional intelligence to manage oneself and his relationship with others (Singh, 2001). The application of emotional intelligence in the organization includes the areas like personnel selection, development of employees, teams and the organization. 1.to assess the impact of emotional intelligence on job performance of respondents. 2. to study the contribution of demographic variable type of company on sales executives job performance in relation to emotional intelligence. The researcher has met the participants by taking prior permission from their leadership during their periodical meetings. The academic interest of the study is explained to them and their doubts were clarified. After having willingness of the participants and consent from their leadership the questionnaires were introduced and data were collected. The study reveals that emotional intelligence has an impact on the performance of sales executives. The study reveals that there is significant impact of type of company on job performance. Emotional intelligence is an important predictor of job performance in pharmaceutical sales. Comparatively sales executives working in multinational companies have better performance than the executives of national companies.

Pages:296-300Are. Suresh Babu (Department of Psychology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh)

Pages:301-305
D. Barani Ganth (Department of Applied Psychology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry)
S. Kadhiravan (Department of Psychology, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu)

Developing a romantic relationship is considered to be blissful experience by many youth. From the review of literature it is understood that there is a research gap in Indian context in the understanding of romantic relationship with interpersonal relationship perspective and exploring the factors influencing such relationships. This study is an attempt to develop a personality measure of romantic relationship in terms of romantic inclination which can be defined as the degree to which an individual is inclined to initiate or accept a romantic relationship with a member of opposite sex. 169 unmarried youth in the age range of 17-26 participated in the study. Reliability analysis of the data revealed that the Cronbach alpha was 0.856 and test- retest reliability with a gap of 4 weeks was found to be 0.820. Also, the split half reliability was found to be 0.840. Content validity was established through a panel of judges. Exploratory factor analysis identified 7 components contributing to romantic inclination. Further the scale was capable of discriminating the individuals who have experienced love and do not. The complete process of development and validation is presented in this article.

Pages:301-305D. Barani Ganth (Department of Applied Psychology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry)S. Kadhiravan (Department of Psychology, Periyar…

Pages:306-310
Pooja Pandey and Archana Shukla (Department of Psychology, Lucknow University, Lucknow, UP)

This paper summarizes what we know and what we need to know in the context of HIV/AIDS. We know that the first HIV diagnosis was made in 1986 in India. Starting with this first case today almost close to 34 million people are living with HIV/AIDS worldwide. It is also a common knowledge that transmission of HIV takes place through the four modes of transmission i.e. unsafe sex, needle sharing, transfusion of infected blood or blood products and from infected pregnant mother to child. We also know that once inside the body HIV cannot be taken out, removed or cured. It can only be managed through medicines and a disciplined lifestyle. Even though we know that becoming HIV positive changes an infected person's life and also the lives of those related to this person. We somehow think that we (me and my people) are invincible and therefore HIV need not concern us. We conveniently assume that children would automatically acquire the needed knowledge as they grow up. What we need to know and remember therefore is that HIV is a behaviourally acquired infection; that in spite of the concerted efforts by the national and international agencies HIV/AIDS is still growing in India and worldwide; and that its prevention is really very simple provided one cares to change one's attitude and not indulge in high risk behaviors like unprotected sex, use of infected needle. Strategies for saving our young ones would therefore consist of providing accurate information to the children and teaching them life skills of problem solving also decision making, assertiveness and negotiation. Besides, we as a parent must develop effective parenting skills through life skills.

Pages:306-310Pooja Pandey and Archana Shukla (Department of Psychology, Lucknow University, Lucknow, UP)

Pages:311-314
Jagpreet Kaur and Dalvir Singh (Department of Education, Punjabi University, Patiala )

Coping skills are those methods which are meant to cope with stress. The ultimate goal of these skills is a balanced life, with time for work, relationship, relaxation etc. The purpose of the present study was to explore the impact of family and school environment on coping skills viz. coping with emotions and stress in a sample of 500 adolescents from Patiala district of Punjab. The results of correlation analysis revealed a positive and significant relationship of these coping skills with cohesion, expressiveness, acceptance and caring, independence, active recreational orientation, organization and control dimensions of family environment among adolescents. However, a negative and significant relationship of these coping skills with conflict dimension of family environment among adolescents was observed. Also, coping skills among adolescents was found to be positively and significantly related to cognitive encouragement, permissiveness, acceptance and control dimensions of school environment. However, coping skills among adolescents were found to be negatively and significantly related to rejection dimension of school environment. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was run to examine the extent to which the various dimensions of family and school environment contributed to the variability in coping skills among adolescents. The results indicated that independence, expressiveness and acceptance and caring dimensions of family environment and rejection and control dimensions of school environment were the significant predictors of coping with emotions among adolescents. However, coping with stress was found to be significantly predicted by conflict, independence and control components of family environment and rejection component of school environment. Together these family and school environment components explain 12.1 % of the variance in coping with emotions and 20.5 % of the variance in coping with stress. These implications of the results of the study are discussed.

Pages:311-314Jagpreet Kaur and Dalvir Singh (Department of Education, Punjabi University, Patiala )

Pages:315-320
Zulrizka Iskandar, Kusdwiratri Setiono, Hendriati Agustiani and Muwaga Musa (Padjadjaran University, Faculty of Psychology, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang, Indonesia)

The study aims to establish the influence of value systems and sexual self-Regulation towards adolescents' sexuality. Adolescents aged 19-21 were recruited from university “X” in Bandung. Data collection techniques were through self-reported questionnaires. The relationship between value systems and sexual self-regulation of adolescents revealed (p< 0.00) indicating that value-systems influence one's sexual self-regulation, further analysis were conducted and the analysis indicated (p< ,001), 36.12% as an influence from sexual self-Regulation and (p< ,000), 63.68% as being influence from value-systems and the findings showed that both variables predict adolescent's sexual behaviors. Further analysis of self-efficacy to goal setting and (p<0.00) that 46.10%, monitoring one's behavior (p<0.002) that 30.25% and finally evaluation (p< 0,030) indicating 15.84% all these were significant but with varying percentages. Results revealed that the degree at which adolescents regulate their sexuality is 36.12%. With an assumption that other factors are held constant, the higher sexual self-regulation increase the more appropriate adolescents sexual behaviors becomes and the reverse is true.

Pages:315-320Zulrizka Iskandar, Kusdwiratri Setiono, Hendriati Agustiani and Muwaga Musa (Padjadjaran University, Faculty of Psychology, Jl…

Pages:321-325
Veena Easvaradoss and Rini Rajan (Department of Psychology, Womens Christian College, Chennai)

Positive psychology is a recent branch of psychology that is commonly defined as 'the scientific study of optimal functioning' (Seligman, 2002) and the 'scientific study of ordinary human strengths and virtue' (Sheldon & King, 2001). The definitions highlight the scientific underpinnings of the field and the positive, non-clinical focus of positive psychology. Spirituality has been studied in positive psychology and defined as “a deep sense of belonging, of wholeness, of connectedness, and of openness to the infinite” (Kelly, 1995). Spirituality is associated with mental health, managing substance abuse, marital functioning, parenting, coping and finding purpose and meaning in life. The article discusses the concepts of positive psychology highlighting their influence on well-being.

Pages:321-325Veena Easvaradoss and Rini Rajan (Department of Psychology, Womens Christian College, Chennai)

Pages:326-328
Richa Shukla (Faculty of Psychology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, M.P.)

A new global wellness paradigm is gradually emerging, the spiritual well-being of an individual. The article takes a close and meticulous look at real happiness and spiritual well being. It conceptualizes that people can obtain real happiness by being more compassionate and caring instead of always comparing and competing themselves with others. One can have comparison and competition with one's true self as one will always find that one's true self is always more caring and compassionate and thus in the process one can achieve congruence with one's true self i.e., the state of 'sachchidananda'.The lessons of wellness can be seen and learnt from Indian Epics too. Our epics are full of evidences and shlokas which give us direction for spiritual wellness. The article is concluded by saying that aiming for spiritual well-being not only makes a better human being but also a better society.

Pages:326-328Richa Shukla (Faculty of Psychology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, M.P.)

Pages:329-332
Sandhya Rai and Anshuma Singh (Department of Psychology, Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi, U.P.)

The present study examines the level of stress and the coping strategies among nursing students. The sample was comprised of 180 nursing students in various hostels selected by a stratified random sampling. A socio - demographic questionnaire was used to identify students for the sample under study. Perceptions of Stressful Scale (PSS) by Cohen, (1983) and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situation (CISS) by Endler and Parker, (1999) were used to assess level of stress and coping strategies among selected nursing students. Descriptive statistics, item-total coefficients of correlation and ANOVA were used to analyze the data. Mean and SD of stress measure for male (M = 19.844, SD = 5.452), for female (M = 21.478, SD = 7.438), and for the whole sample (M = 20.661, SD = 6.555). And, Mean and SD of task-oriented coping for male (M = 51.511, SD = 8.162) for female (M = 49.889, SD =7.646) and for the whole sample (M = 50.700 , SD = 7.928), emotion-oriented coping for male (M = 44.922, SD = 9.043) for female (M = 44.533, SD = 7.333) and for the whole sample (M = 44.728, SD = 8.212) as well as avoidance-oriented coping for male (M = 46.656, SD = 7.961) for female (M = 48.289, SD = 7.235) and for the whole sample (M = 47.472, SD = 7.629) measures of coping strategies. The reliability indices of stress measure for male (SH = 0.769,), for female (SH = 0.870), and for the whole sample (SH = 0.837). And task-oriented coping for male (SH = 0.791) for female (SH = 0.708) and for the whole sample (SH = 0.710), emotion-oriented coping for male (SH = 0.729) for female (SH = 0.894) and for the whole sample (SH = 0.678), as well as avoidance-oriented coping for male (SH = 0.745) for female (SH = 0.603) and for the whole sample (SH = 0.660) measures of coping strategies emerged to be robust, and that the task-oriented coping, emotion-oriented coping and avoidance-oriented coping emerged to be an independent over the levels of analysis (for male, for female and for the whole sample).

Pages:329-332Sandhya Rai and Anshuma Singh (Department of Psychology, Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi, U.P.)

Pages:333-336
Archana, R. (Department of Clinical Psychology, SRM University, Chennai )
Surendra Kumar Sia (Department of Applied Psychology, Pondicherry University. Puducherry)

Humans have the innate capacity to understand emotions conveyed even in unfamiliar music and the earliest form of human exposure to music is maternal singing of lullabies. In this study music has been used as a medium to pacify restless infants before sleep and in their conditions like anger and attention seeking. Two groups of infants between 4-10 months of age were observed for their responses to lullaby and play-song respectively. They were observed over a week with and without using music and time taken to calm down was noted in each condition. Results suggest that music has a positive effect in pacifying infants

Pages:333-336Archana, R. (Department of Clinical Psychology, SRM University, Chennai )Surendra Kumar Sia (Department of Applied…

Pages:337-339
Alpana Vaidya (Department of Psychology, Symbiosis College of Arts & Commerce, Pune)

Good health is the key to happiness and prosperity. It holds at any point in one's life time. The present paper is an attempt to study the relationship between quality of life and emotional intelligence among arts and commerce students in Pune city. The total sample consisted of 313 students from various colleges of Pune city where this course is taught. They were administered Quality of life scale and Emotional Intelligence scale. The quality of life was measured with the help of Comprehensive Quality of Life scale Adult (ComQol- A-5, 1997) developed by Robert Cummins. Emotional Intelligence was measured with the help of Schutte et al. (1998) scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18 for windows. Pearson's Product moment correlation was used to test the correlational hypotheses and Anova used to find out gender differences and faculty wise differences in quality of life and emotional intelligence. Results showed significant gender differences on Subjective Quality of Life (SQOL) but gender differences were not found on Objective Quality of Life (OQOL) and Emotional Intelligence (EI). Regarding faculty wise differences, obtained results showed that girls from arts faculty scored higher on SQOL.

Pages:337-339Alpana Vaidya (Department of Psychology, Symbiosis College of Arts & Commerce, Pune)

Pages:340-342
Adnan Khan (Abraham Fischler School of Education, Nova Southeastern University, Florida, USA)

As a construct, Emotional Intelligence has made remarkable inroads in enhancing individual performance at work and in academic settings and expanding the literature in the field has been a recurrent theme for researchers and academicians conducting studies in the area. Recent scientific evidence suggests that Emotional Intelligence may be strongly correlated with improved interpersonal relationships, both, at work and at home. Translating the theory into a pragmatic approach for use in everyday life has been a challenging task. This research study focuses on the practical application of the established theory of the constructs and recommends adopting a combination of varying Emotional Intelligence strategies to implement in real life. Utilizing certain EI strategies and techniques appropriately and in context, individuals can vastly improve their interpersonal relationships

Pages:340-342Adnan Khan (Abraham Fischler School of Education, Nova Southeastern University, Florida, USA)

Pages:343-346
Vijeta Bhati and Sanjay Kumar (Department of Psychology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P.)

The study aims to find out the combined effects of Reiki and Acupressure on migraine headache, anxiety and stress in 40-migraine headache suffering women of age range 30-40 years. Subjects with high intensity, frequency, and associated anxiety and stress were selected through standardized tools. The Reiki and Acupressure treatment were applied twice a week for 3 Months. The Pre and Post experimental design with control and experimental group was employed in the study. The obtained was statistically analyzed by mean, t-test and percentage revealed that the Reiki and Acupressure were significantly effective in reducing migraine headache and associated anxiety of experimental group. Besides it relief in insomnia, restlessness and behavioral irritation was also reported by migraine suffering adult women.

Pages:343-346Vijeta Bhati and Sanjay Kumar (Department of Psychology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, U.P.)

Pages:347-349
Nilesh Thakre (Department of Psychology, SNDT Womens University, Mumbai, Maharashtra)

Hope and life satisfaction plays a significant role for development of youth. The objective of the present study is to understand nature and relationship between satisfaction with life and hope in youth. The sample consists of 90 college students (46 Boys and 44 Girls); within the age range of 18-22 years from Mumbai and its suburbs. The participants were studied using Adult Hope Scale by Snyder, Irving, and Anderson (1991) and The Temporal Satisfaction with Life Scale by Pavot, Diener, and Suh (1998). The data were analyzed in terms of the' t'- test and coefficients of correlation. The results obtained in this study revealed no significant difference between girls and boys on Hope and satisfaction with life. Nevertheless, hope is significantly positively correlated with satisfaction with life. This finding indicates that hopeful individuals are also satisfied with their life.

Pages:347-349Nilesh Thakre (Department of Psychology, SNDT Womens University, Mumbai, Maharashtra)

Pages:350-353
Happy Paul and Pooja Garg (Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorki, Uttarakhand )

Rising above the exclusive focus by the discipline of psychology on pathology, the last decade has witnessed an increasing attention to how positive psychology has embraced the so far neglected positive aspects of life. Since then significant consideration is given to different measures of well-being and its role in applied research. In the pursuit of well-being researchers have taken the concept from subjective well-being to psychological well-being. However, there always remain a debate on a meaningful conceptual distinction between subjective well-being and psychological well-being. The study aims at moving beyond this debate and explores the theoretical foundation of subjective well-being and its relation with psychological well-being. Alongside, the relevancy of the two-component configuration of subjective well-being constituting cognitive and affective dimensions is also demonstrated. It is argued that these components, although distinct concepts, are tied in a reciprocal relationship to make a higher order subjective well-being. Purchase PDF

Pages:350-353Happy Paul and Pooja Garg (Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology…

Pages:354-357
Jaisri. M and M. I. Joseph (Department of Psychology, Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit, Kalady, Kerala)

Marriage is the most significant commitment that an individual makes in his/her life. Being the most intimate relationship between two persons in their life time, a good marriage not only leads to a happy and contented life, but also generates a sense of well- being. Further, a happy and well adjusted marital life is the firm basis upon which a stable family is built. In view of the significance of the above, the present study was an attempt to understand marital adjustment and psychological well- being among dual- employed couples. The participants were 100 dual- employed couples selected from Trichur and Ernakulam districts, Kerala. The couples were administered Marital Adjustment Inventory (Singh, 1974) and the Psychological Well- being Scale (Sisodia & Choudhary, 2000). The results revealed significant relationship between marital adjustment and psychological well being, especially in the area of life satisfaction. The wives had better marital adjustment than their husbands, whereas, the husbands showed better efficiency and mental health. Occupation and educational level of the couples have significant impact on their marital adjustment and psychological well-being.

Pages:354-357Jaisri. M and M. I. Joseph (Department of Psychology, Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit, Kalady…

Pages:358-361
Mamta Jain and Meeta Jha (Pt. Ravishankar University, Raipur, Chattisgarh)

Subjective well-being (SWB) reveals how people evaluate their lives, with variables like life satisfaction, in presence of positive emotions and absence of negative emotions. In present scenario psychologists are interested in knowing what makes people happy, how we can enhance happiness, which are the factors which influence subjective satisfaction. One of the important topics of research that has gained a lot of interest and attention is for defining and knowing the depth of the relationship between personality and subjective well-being (SWB). Many researches all over the world, in this field indicated a link and important relationship between personality and SWB, and personality is found to be one of the most stable and strong predictors of SWB. In India, in present condition, when everyone is talking about females and secured conditions for females in society, a great need emerged to explore relationship between personality traits and subjective well-being with life satisfaction. Thus to investigate the personality correlates of SWB and life satisfaction, the present study was designed with a total sample of 500 educated females in urban area of Raipur City. Sample was selected from general population from almost all the colleges and educational institutes of Raipur City. For this purpose 16 PF and Subjective well-being scale with life satisfaction were used. Correlation and regression analysis were used to find out the relationship between 16 personality factors and SWB with life satisfaction. It was found out that personality traits Emotionally stable/affected by feelings, sober/happy-Go-lucky, conscientious/expedient, shy/venturesome, tough/tender minded , conservative/experimenting, group dependent/self sufficient found to be positively correlated with SWB with life satisfaction. Secondly, it was also found that only four personality traits among sixteen personality traits emerged out as most significant contributing predictor for SWB with life satisfaction.

Pages:358-361Mamta Jain and Meeta Jha (Pt. Ravishankar University, Raipur, Chattisgarh)

Pages:362-364
Zeba (Department of Psychology, Doranda College, Ranchi, Jharkhand)

The present study was aimed at studying the development of religious preference and prejudice in Catholic Christian Children by taking a longitudinal design. The subjects for this study consisted of 20 children of 5 ½ years of age who were selected on a random basis from Ranchi city of Jharkhand. These children were studied through a pictorial test of religious preference-prejudice at an interval of every six months till they attained the age of 08 years. Analysis of results showed that Catholic Christian children were highly ethnocentric and that ethnocentrism developed faster than prejudice in them. By the age of 7 ½ years prejudice became stable and Muslims were their target of prejudice.

Pages:362-364Zeba (Department of Psychology, Doranda College, Ranchi, Jharkhand)

Pages:365-368
Kanchan Dilawari and Nishi Tripathi (Department of Psychology, Sam HiggintonInstititute of Agriculture and Technology, Allahabad, UP)

The purpose of the present article is to review the empirical support for teachers to provide strategies for tackling students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Three major aspects discussed are alarming rise of ADHD among students, entangling issues with teaching students with ADHD and unleashing strategies for tackling such children. Practical implications of the school based outcome literature will be delineated, including the need for the following: (a) technical-support mediated strategies; (b) classroom strategies; (c) activity-based strategies; (d) peer tutoring strategies; and (e) homework strategies. It is suggested on bridging the gap between the empirical literature and actual practices employed in schools. School-based professionals are urged to implement empirically supported strategies through individualizing interventions based on assessment data. Through long term implication of such evidence based strategies, it is hoped that the deficits characteristics of ADHD will be minimized and the likelihood of school success for these students optimized.

Pages:365-368Kanchan Dilawari and Nishi Tripathi (Department of Psychology, Sam HiggintonInstititute of Agriculture and Technology, Allahabad…

Pages:369-371
Renuka Joshi and Sapna Tomar (Department of Psychology, DAV (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand )

The present study was planned to find out the level of Depression and Coping strategies among optimists and pessimists. Total sample consisted of 255 optimists and 191 pessimists subjects selected by using quata random sampling technique and were administered individually Optimistic-Pessimistic attitude Scale developed by Prashar (1998), Depression Scale of Karim and Tiwari (1986) and Ways of Coping Questionnaire developed by Folkman and Lazarus (1988). Findings revealed that both the groups differ significantly from each other on both the variables of the study. Findings revealed that Pessimists have significantly higher level of depression than the Optimists subjects. On total Depression and on its dimensions namely, Apathy, Sleep Disturbance, Pessimism, Fatigability, Irritability, Social Withdrawal and Self Centeredness, Dejected or Sadness, Self Acquisition, Self Harm, Social Reoccupation and Indecisiveness Pessimists scored significantly higher mean values as compared to Optimists. Optimists were found to have higher tendency of using Distancing, Seeking Social Support, Planful Problem Solving and Positive Reappraisal as a technique of Coping Strategies than Pessimists.

Pages:369-371Renuka Joshi and Sapna Tomar (Department of Psychology, DAV (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand )
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