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Pages:142-147
Navin Kumar (Department of Psychology, Bhim Rao Ambedkar College, University of Delhi, New Delhi)

It is a psychological study of self esteem, a judgment of oneself as well as an attitude toward self and also a comparative quantitative study of General versus Reserved category executive trainees (at the time of interview) of Indian Oil Corporation Limited. Self-esteem is an important indicator of the performance which can predict present or future behavior and responses. For measuring the same sample size is taken 600, from all over the India. Rosenberg self-esteem scale (Rosenberg, 1965) was used and results are analyzed carefully. A comparison of self-esteems is taken out based on before (at the time of interview) and after (on selection, at the time of joining) achieving the target/goal. Difference in self-esteem based on gender, economic status, and category is taken out. Descriptive and inferential statistics techniques are used for measuring and analyzing results. Results show that there is no significant difference between self-esteems of general versus reserved categories and comparing the study with reviews it is found that self-esteem is related with happiness, life satisfaction and wellbeing. It is also suggested that self esteem and performance affects each other at some extent and self -esteem of individuals increases after achieving goal. In an organization or workplace an individual's low self-esteem can affect the mental well-being negatively which can lead to stress, low productivity and loss. To solve this challenge and to increase maximum profit, it is important to understand and analyze it effectively.

Pages:142-147Navin Kumar (Department of Psychology, Bhim Rao Ambedkar College, University of Delhi, New Delhi)

Pages:148-153
Jaya Bharti and Pallavi Bhatnagar (Department of Psychology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)

Well-being is a Dynamic concept that comprises Personal, Emotional, Social, Psychological, and Spiritual dimensions along with health related behaviors. The present research was conducted to find out whether Psychological well-being in Caregivers of Person with chronic mental Illness can be predicted by Personality Dispositions and Creativity. We assume that Psychological well-being is likely to be predicted by personality Dispositions. Low level of neuroticism, high levels of extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness and creativity. 100 caregivers of Person with chronic mental Illness were selected through Purposive Sampling technique from the Private clinics and Private Psychiatric Hospitals. NEO Five Factor Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1992), Creative Behavior Inventory (Hocevar, 1979) and Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff, 1995) were administered to the caregivers of Person with chronic mental Illness. The findings of our study revealed that Psychological Well-Being is predicted by high level of Extraversion and Conscientiousness and low level of Neuroticism after controlling the demographic variables (i.e., age, gender, weekly hours on caregiving & job). The findings of this study revealed that increasing extraversion and conscientiousness among Caregivers can eventually help in promoting Psychological well-being.

Pages:148-153Jaya Bharti and Pallavi Bhatnagar (Department of Psychology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)

Pages:154-157
Preeti Tamta (Department of Psychology, S.S.J. Campus Almora, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand)
Manoj Kumar Rao (Department of Psychology, B. P. D. Govt. P.G. College, Kanker, Chhattisgarh)

The present study examined the role of gender, stream and locus of control of college student on self esteem. A 2x2x2 factorial design with gender (boys & girls) x Stream (Science & Arts groups) x locus of control (Internal & External) was used in present study. Locus of control scale was applied to identify the internal and external control. Results revealed that the significant effect of gender and locus of control on self esteem. More specifically, boys tended to develop high self esteem comparison to girls. Moreover, internal locus of control student tends to indicate high self esteem than external locus of control. Correlation results evinced that locus of control positively related with self esteem and its dimensions.

Pages:154-157Preeti Tamta (Department of Psychology, S.S.J. Campus Almora, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand)Manoj Kumar Rao (Department…

Pages:158-161
Gouri Sharma (Department of Education, Pt. Sundarlal Sharma (Open) University Chhattisgarh, Bilaspur)

The present study aims to find out the difference between study habits of high achiever and low achiever. The sample of the study consisted of 80 students of class 11th (40 high achiever, 40 low achiever) of the age group 16 to 18 years belonging to English medium schools of Raipur city, Chhattisgarh. Study Habit Inventory constructed by Mukhopadhyaya and Sansanwal (1985) was administered to the selected sample to assess their study habits .The data was analyzed statistically by employing mean, SD and t-test. Findings of the study showed that there are significant differences found in study behavior i.e. comprehension, study sets, interaction, drilling, recording and language of high and low achiever.

Pages:158-161Gouri Sharma (Department of Education, Pt. Sundarlal Sharma (Open) University Chhattisgarh, Bilaspur)

Pages:162-165
Deepesh Rathore and N. K.Chadha (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)
Shailja Rana (Department of Psychology, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, University of Delhi, Delhi)

Emotional Intelligence (EI) as a concept has grown in significance since its conception in 1990 and popularization outside the academic world in 1995 after Daniel Goleman's seminal work, Emotional Intelligence: why it matters more than IQ. After that many different EI assessment tools have been developed in order to measure an individual's EI and with that numerous research studies were conducted to find out the relationship between EI and leadership style, occupational stress, job performance, conflict management etc. This article aims to capture the wide variety of researches done to prove the utility of emotional intelligence in the work setting.

Pages:162-165Deepesh Rathore and N. K.Chadha (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)Shailja Rana (Department of…

Pages:166-168
Ramesh Sandhu (Department of Education, C. R. College of Education, Hisar, Haryana)

Both Buddhism and psychology support the view that emotions strongly influence people's thoughts, words, and actions. Both help people to pursue transient pleasures and satisfaction. Buddhist believes in nurturing the happiness called "sukh" and relieving the humanity from sufferings (dukh). Buddhists believe that "sukh" can be achieved through training of mind. It rises from the attentional, emotional and cognitive balance of the mind. Buddhist does not advocate the suppression or repression of destructives states of mind but seek their origin and identify how they are experienced. Buddhism teaches how a person can transform and free himself from all afflictive states. In this process one learn to refine one's ability and introspectively monitor one's own mental activities. Such rigorous and sustained training in mindfulness and introspection help a person to cultivate attentional stability and vividness. All these practices of Buddhism bring it closer to psychology. Buddhism practices related to emotional life make three very distinct contributions to psychology. These issues have been ignored by many psychologists. Buddhist provides some practices that can help a person to report on his own internal practices and such practices might provide crucial data which is not possible through psychological techniques. Buddhism practices provide therapies not just for the disturbed, but for all who seek to improve the quality of their lives.

Pages:166-168Ramesh Sandhu (Department of Education, C. R. College of Education, Hisar, Haryana)

Pages:169-173
V. R. Shinde (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune)

Happiness' is very difficult to define and so also is the case about 'Well-being'. Till today there is no widely accepted definition by the psychologist about these two terms. Happiness and well-being are seems to be synonymous and parallel to each other. There are many parameters of happiness and well-being. Happiness is like a state of deep sleep at night. The way we feel happy in the sleepy mood we must feel the same state of happiness at every moments of our state of consciousness. Subjective well-being, or happiness, in everyday terms, reflects an individual's own judgment about the quality of his or her life. From subjective well-being (SWB) perspective, physical, economic, social, emotional, mental and community indicators are incomplete (Diener & Suh, 1997). Diener (1984) defined Subjective well-being (SWB) asratings of life satisfaction and positive emotional experiences. There are two traditions of happiness, i.e., Hedonic Happiness and Eudaimonic Happiness. Both the happiness are essential to study at broader level.

Pages:169-173V. R. Shinde (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune)

Pages:174-177
Natasha Yasmin and Waheeda Khan (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi)

Character strengths formulate the foundation of an individual's personality; positive traits representing an important route towards' psychological good life'. These qualities help an individual to make significant contribution in the world and achieve well-being (Peterson & Seligman, 2004). However, it varies from individual to individual because of moral and cultural values placed on them. The current study aimed to investigate how character strengths are related to subjective well-being among Indian youth. 50 university students of age range 18-25 years were chosen. Data was collected by administering VIA Inventory of Strengths (Park, Peterson, & Seligman, 2004) and Subjective Well-being Inventory (Sell & Nagpal, 1992). Correlational analysis revealed significant relationship between different character strengths and the overall subjective well-being. Findings suggest that similar studies need to be conducted to find out if strengths varies across cultures and how they can be used to formulate interventions directed towards development of youth.

Pages:174-177Natasha Yasmin and Waheeda Khan (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi)

Pages:178-180
Preeti Mathur and Jyoti Panwar (Department of Psychology, JNVU, Jodhpur, Rajasthan)

The present study was designed to investigate life satisfaction and emotional stability of career women. The study was conducted on 60 subjects: 30 working women and 30 non working women. The sample was drawn by random sampling technique within the age range of 35-50 years from different spheres of career women and the homemakers of Jodhpur city, to serve as subjects in the present study. The life satisfaction scale by Singh and Joseph (1971) was used to measure life satisfaction and to assess emotional stability N.I Scale by Agarwal and Purnima (1980) was used. The results of the study revealed no difference between career women and non working women on life satisfaction and emotional stability, i.e., neuroticism. The results are discussed in the light of available literature.

Pages:178-180Preeti Mathur and Jyoti Panwar (Department of Psychology, JNVU, Jodhpur, Rajasthan)

Pages:181-185
Shilpa Shinde (Department of HR&OB
FLAME University, Lavale, Pune)
Arun Bachhav (Department of Psychology, L.V.H College, Panchavati, Nashik City, Maharashtra )

Managerial coaching is emerging as a very critical tool to create competitive advantage for organizations by improving employee and organizational performance. The objective of this paper is to review extant literature on managerial coaching and based on it, suggest directions for future research. We discuss the relevance of coaching as a practice for creating individual and organizational effectiveness, where the concept of coaching is distinguished from other related concepts like counseling-therapy and mentoring. Subsequently, the various processes and measurements of managerial coaching are reviewed for their relevance in organizations. The paper further examines the outcomes of managerial coaching at the employee and organizational levels. Drawing conclusions from the review, we suggest two critical areas of future research: work engagement and self efficacy, which can enable organizations to increase the effectiveness of managerial coaching.

Pages:181-185Shilpa Shinde (Department of HR&OBFLAME University, Lavale, Pune)Arun Bachhav (Department of Psychology, L.V.H College, Panchavati…

Pages:186-195
Silpa Sailakumar and KP Naachimuthu (Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)

Children today have few opportunities for outdoor free play or regular contact with the natural world. Nowadays children's physical boundaries have shrunk due to a number of factors (Francis, 1991; Kytta, 2004). The culture of childhood that played outside is gone and children's everyday life has shifted to the indoors (Hart, 1999; Moore, 2004). As a result, children's opportunity for direct and spontaneous contact with nature is a vanishing experience of childhood. Not only have children's play environments dramatically changed in the last few decades, but also the time children have to play has decreased. Children need nature to grow up in a healthy way and be prepared for adult life. Child psychologists and psychotherapists are now convinced that contact between children and the natural environment is essential to ensure their balanced psychological and physical development as adolescents and adults (Ilaria, 2015). To understand the lived-in experiences of the children of previous generation with the nature, and how nature play a role in what they are today, variety of open-ended questions are chosen to elicit the most information possible in the time available. Qualitative research design (phenomenological approach) was adopted for this research. The phenomenological approach (realistic phenomenology) enables the researcher to understand the nature and meaning of an experience for a particular group of people in a particular setting (Moustakas, 1994) by encouraging individual participants to share their stories. The sample size selected for the present study is 20. Samples of only above 35+yrs is selected for the study who had experienced the phenomenon of nature based learning experience (specifically their exposure & experience with traditional games). Data were collected through individual interviews. In-depth interviews are optimal for collecting data on individuals' perspectives, and experiences are being explored.

Pages:186-195Silpa Sailakumar and KP Naachimuthu (Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore…

Pages:196-199
Bhumika Kapoor and Aakanksha Tomar (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)

The phenomenon of globalization has largely been absent from the academic discourse in psychology. However, in the past few years researchers have started to acknowledge and explore the psycho-social implications of living in a globalizing world. Keeping this in mind, this paper attempts to review research particularly with respect to the various ways in which globalization continually influences individuals' identities, lived experiences, and their understanding of the world. It is recommended that as opposed to being focused primarily on the negative implications of globalization, it would be beneficial if we paid more attention to the opportunities facilitated by it. Recommendations have been made for the efficacy of social psychological theories to exploit the positive potential of globalization to deal with emerging socio-cultural issues.

Pages:196-199Bhumika Kapoor and Aakanksha Tomar (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)

Pages:200-202
Garima Yadav and Sandeep Kumar (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

The aim of this article is to review significant research that has been conducted in the field of Psychological Capital. Psychological Capital or PsyCap refers to individual's positive psychological state of development. The article elaborates the concept of psycap and explains how the construct is unique. Review covers those researches that have analyzed the effect of psychological capital with work related behaviors, the neurological basis of psychological capital, as psychological capital are state like constructs they can be developed. The article reviews the interventions that have been developed to improve psychological capital. The article also sheds lights on the gap found in the literature. Based on the gaps in the literature future suggestions for research in this area is presented.

Pages:200-202Garima Yadav and Sandeep Kumar (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

Pages:203-207
Nisha Chaudhary (Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar College, University of Delhi, Delhi)
N. K. Chadha (Ex- Head of the Department, Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)
Salma Seth (Department of Applied Psychology, Vivekananda College, University of Delhi, Delhi)

Studies have long been concentrated on the negatives which old age brings overlooking the positive side of becoming old. Hence, this research enhances the knowledge of the field called Positive Aging. The present research aimed to find the difference between elderly from different culture, living arrangements, and gender and age cohorts on level of hope. The tool used for study was The Adult Trait Hope Scale (Snyder & Harris et al., 1991). The total sample size under study was 179 elderly. The sample was classified on the basis of culture (rural and urban), living arrangements (living with families, living with old age homes & those living only with spouse), gender (males & females) and age cohorts (65-75 years & 75 above years). Results showed for the group of urban aged, the urban elderly living with spouse had a higher score on Hope. In case of gender differences, the mean showed that males were higher on levels of Hope in comparison to females. For the differences in age cohorts, Hope, showed the higher mean values for the age group of 65- 75 years in comparison to elderly who are 75 years and above

Pages:203-207Nisha Chaudhary (Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar College, University of Delhi, Delhi)N. K. Chadha (Ex- Head…

Pages:208-213
Varsha Singh and Prerna Goyal (Department of Psychology, Kamala Nehru College, University of Delhi, Delhi)

The present study was aimed at discerning the sources of happiness among young adults and adults. For the purpose, a sample of 20 individuals belonging to two age-groups: 18-25 years old and 40-55 years old was taken. Each group had 10 members with 5 males and 5 females. Each age group was assessed for their happiness and their sources of happiness, quantitatively with the help of Revised Oxford Happiness scale by Hills and Argyle (2001). Also, to further gain an understanding about the happiness and the sources of participant's happiness, a list of subjective questions was prepared and the responses of the participants to each question was analyzed for themes and then interpreted for each group. The results indicated that older adults are happier with a mean of 53.70 on the Revised Oxford Happiness scale as compared to young adults with a mean of 37.40. From the qualitative analysis, it can be said that the ways, situations or the sources that makes others happy include a wide variety of sources, ranging from social relationships, money, success to good health, nature, etc.

Pages:208-213Varsha Singh and Prerna Goyal (Department of Psychology, Kamala Nehru College, University of Delhi, Delhi)

Pages: 474-477
Vijay Rangari P. (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)
Karuna Mehta (Department of Psychology, Zakir Hussein Delhi, Delhi)

This study was conducted in two parts, part one textual analysis of Tripitka and development of theory of Karuna (Compassion) to answer the research question Psychological Dimensions of Karuna (Compassion) in Buddhism and its relationship with Peace and Well-being. The Concept of Karuna (Compassion) origin in pali language. The etymology of the word Karuna, stemmed from the Buddhist literatures in tripitka, Karuna (Compassion) defines, Karuṇā is one of the fourth qualities of character significant of a human being who has attained enfranchisement of heart (ceto vimutti), the desire of removing bane and sorrow and bringing that which good and welfare to one's fellow men as the exalted state of compassion for all beings (all that is encompassed in the sphere of one's good influence or all, directions,) . The 360 Degree Compass theory of Karuna (Compassion) has been developed after analysis of Buddhist literatures, The finding of this part one research was that Karuna (compassion) has four dimensions Wisdom, Morality, Loving Kindness, and Equanimity were lived in the day today experience of the peoples. The eighty four items was written out with reading several time Jataka stories and literature review various Buddhist texts

Pages: 474-477Vijay Rangari P. (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)Karuna Mehta (Department of Psychology…

Pages: 467-473
Naina Kapoor (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)
Shifa Rahman (Industrial Psychologist, Hr Professional, Vizag, Andhra Pradesh)
Tejinder Kaur (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

Research on happiness seems to be blooming in current academics. Psychology's engagement with psychopathology left no space for this concept to come to the fore. With rapid changes in the academic world, together with the shift in the focus towards more positive concepts has resulted in a renewed interest in the concept of happiness. The domain of qualitative research seeks to explore the diverse human experiences and the present study uses this domain to understand the subjective meaning of happiness in adolescent students. Using a qualitative approach, twenty adolescents were asked to share their life experiences using a semi structured interview schedule. A grounded theory analysis revealed that happiness forms a core concern for an individual where it depends not only on the cultural norm involving an individual where social relationships form an important part, but also goals and aims (s) he/she wishes to achieve in life. It exists in temporality but is impacted by the larger dimension of meaning in life which is relatively stable and covers a huge expanse of an individual's existence. Finding happiness in life involves both personal goals such as self growth and attainment of peace, and also professional goals like fulfilment of one's academic aim. Happiness is also seen as being impacted by an individual's past happenings, belief in self- worth and social responsibility. Analysis of the findings thus points to the fact that meaning of happiness varies across individuals, however, the essence remains the same for a given culture. The consideration of the emic approach not only creates sound knowledge, but also leads to a holistic understanding of human affairs.

Pages: 467-473Naina Kapoor (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)Shifa Rahman (Industrial Psychologist, Hr…

Pages: 462-466
Purwa Deshpande (Clinical Psychologist, S.K.N.M.C and General Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra)

The emergence of the mindfulness concept has given impetus to mindfulness as a technique to eradicate the unstable nature of the human life and the stable personality traits. Neuroticism one of the trait of the big five, on the other hand is the trait of personality which keeps the person on the verge, agitated, impatient and rushing from one moment to the next one. This tends to make the construct of neuroticism as almost opposite of being mindful. The contrast of neuroticism does not only stand in opposition to mindfulllnes on the theoretical grounds but also on the experiential basis as well. The present study has attempted to validate the theoretical assumption about the negative relationship between these two constructs on the 125 samples of married, graduate male and female, age range 25 to 45 yrs, from middle and upper middle class. Pearson product moment correlation yielded insignificant values to support the hypothesis. The total scores of neuroticism and mindfulness were considered The statistical analysis was done, Pearson product moment correlation reveals r= -0.074 for male and for female r=-0.044, which are statistically insignificant The present research findings claim no such association on the total score of mindfulness and neuroticism for both the genders.

Pages: 462-466Purwa Deshpande (Clinical Psychologist, S.K.N.M.C and General Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra)

Pages: 458-461
Manal Khasib Al Fazari (Department of Psychology, College of Education, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman)

The aim of this research was to examine wisdom among Sultan Qaboos University students based on specific variables. Wisdom was measured using a questionnaire that was designed for the study. The questionnaire consisted of 28 items that included three dimensions (life experience, openness, & emotional management). The sample included 490 male and female students from all the university colleges (2016-2017; academic year enrollments). The survey validity was assessed using face validity. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the reliability of the questionnaire was .87. The findings showed that the majority of students expressed a medium level of wisdom (69%). The results also indicated that gender, college, age, place of living (on campus, off campus), and region were not significant factors that influenced the students' level sofwisdom.

Pages: 458-461Manal Khasib Al Fazari (Department of Psychology, College of Education, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman)

Pages: 454-457
Sneha Saha and Priyanka Shukla (Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Lucknow)

With the wave of new developments in the field of psychology, the study of youths has taken a new turn. Researchers are now focusing on enhancing psychological growth in youths. With this new focus in light, various schools and organizations in the west have adopted “positive youth development” for a holistic development of a youth's physical, psychological and social growth. In most cases, high rates of alienation, disconnection and boredom from meaningful challenge are not signs of psychopathology but rather, it can be seen as a sign of deficiency in positive development. The present study focuses on the concept of positive youth development (PYD) and its assessment in Indian education setting. The objective of the study was to assess the dimensions of positive youth development among adolescents. Positive Youth Development Inventory developed by Arnold, Nott, and Meinhold (2012) was used for data collection. Data comprised of 100 adolescents (50 males & 50 females) age range between 16-18 years for the present study. The obtained data has been analyzed using descriptive statistics like Mean, Standard Deviation (SD), Independent sample t test. The study showed higher scores of female participants in comparison to the male participants on Positive Youth Development. It was also found that females scored higher on the dimensions of Positive youth development that are emotionally regulated like character, connection and caring. While males scored higher on cognitive dimensions of positive youth development like competence and confidence. Researchers recognized need to promote positive youth development among youths, efforts are being made to establish appropriate programs for interventional purposes.

Pages: 454-457Sneha Saha and Priyanka Shukla (Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial…
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