Indian Journal of Health & Wellbeing

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Perception, identity and peace Pages: 365-367 D. P. Pawar (Department of Psychology, Bhonsala Military College, Nashik) M. A. Bhardwaj (Department of Psychology, L.V.H. College, Nashik) Our sense of identity has so much bearing on our individual and social behavior. How we perceive ourselves and others determine the extent we like or dislike ourselves or others. To understand identity formation and consequent discrimination we need to focus on perception. Perception is formed as a result of our experiences; the way we experience events and behavior of significant others. It is evident throughout human history that some people treat “others” with disdain and contempt. The world has witnessed great amount of violence as a result of prejudice and discrimination. Discrimination can be seen as a result of perception of narrow view of identity of others. In the present paper an attempt is made to understand the idea of perception and identity as well as their relation with peace and violence. A possibility of a peaceful society is also discussed. Pages: 365-367D. P. Pawar (Department of Psychology, Bhonsala Military College, Nashik)M. A. Bhardwaj (Department of… Read more Get Access
Sex therapy as a technique for psychiatric patients Pages: 368-375 Dinesh Niak (N.V.P. Mondals Arts, Science & Commerce College, Lasalgaon, Nasik, Mahrashtra) The history of sex therapy as a discipline is relatively brief (Leiblum & Rosen, 1989). From the start of the twentieth century until the late 1960s, sexual dysfunction was typically treated within a psychoanalytic framework (Rosen & Weinstein, 1988) as were most psychological problems (Comer, 1995). As such, treatment consisted of long-term, individual psychotherapy to unmask the underlying (& often unconscious) intra psychic conflicts that manifested themselves as disruption of "healthy" or "mature" sexual functioning. In contrast to this dominant perspective, a few clinicians (e.g., Lazarus, 1971; Obler, 1973; Wolpe, 1958) explicitly applied behavioral principles in the treatment of sexual dysfunction, but such approaches were not the norm prior to the 1970s. In this review article try to collect therapeutic approach in sex therapy in psychiatric patients as well as normal population. Pages: 368-375Dinesh Niak (N.V.P. Mondals Arts, Science & Commerce College, Lasalgaon, Nasik, Mahrashtra) Read more Get Access
Strengths based approach in mental illness-need for a measurement scale Pages: 376-381 Manasi Oza (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences, Bangalore) The Strengths Perspective in social work came to the fore in the latter half of the twentieth century and emerged from the work of Dennis Saleebey, Ann Weick, Charles Rapp, Patrick Sullivan, and Walter Kisthardt at the University of Kansas School of Social Welfare. In the following years, the strengths approach to case management has been used as an intervention for people diagnosed with different disorders and with various populations. While literature shows that the approach is successful, it also notes that an assessment of strengths is a pre-requisite for strengths based interventions. Scales to measure strengths have been developed and yet the strengths based approach is not as widely used as it could be. This paper reviews the existing quantitative strengths based scales and elucidates the need for a new standardized strengths based scale. Pages: 376-381Manasi Oza (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro… Read more Get Access
Stress as related with conduct and achievement in adolescent students Pages: 382-387 Priyanka Gautam and Madhurima Pradhan (Department of Psychology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh) Stress reactions occur when an environmental event taxes one's ability to cope. The study investigated the relationship of stress with conduct and achievement. A sample of 60 students (14-18 years) from Government schools was incidentally selected. Stress was measured with the help of a scale by (Tubesing & Tubesing, 1983) which assesses symptoms of physical, emotional and mental stress. Conduct was assessed in terms of the judgment of class teacher on a bipolar adjective checklist developed by the researcher about different behaviours of the student like punctuality, perseverance etc. Average marks obtained by a student throughout one academic session was used as a measure of academic achievement. The results revealed higher level of stress, specially emotional stress among male adolescents as compared to females; better conduct and academic achievement by females. Mental stress was found to be negatively correlated with achievement for both but with conduct for females only. Overall stress was found to be significantly negatively correlated with achievement in females; positive correlation between conduct and academic achievement was found. The study implies that out of different forms of stress, mental stress has more deleterious impact on academic achievement of adolescents; although females have been found to be higher in good conduct, mental stress undermines it too. Findings suggest a need for training of teachers and parents to help their wards in developing the skills to manage mental stress. Pages: 382-387Priyanka Gautam and Madhurima Pradhan (Department of Psychology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh) Read more Get Access
Risk taking behaviours among early adolescents in relation with morningness-eveningness and depressive symptoms Pages: 388-390 Parampreet Kaur and Suninder Tung (Department of Psychology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar ) Entry into adolescence brings lot of internal and external changes and due to these changes an early adolescent is vulnerable to depressive feelings. There is also a new found shift in their internal circadian rhythms, which is towards eveningness from morning type. So, the present study was conducted to investigate the relation of morningness-eveningness and depressive symptoms with risk taking behaviours among early adolescents. For this purpose a sample of 218 students (boys=106, girls=112) of age 13-14 yrs was drawn from different Sr. Sec. Schools of Moga. To obtain the required data self assessment questionnaires i.e. Adolescent Risk Behaviour Questionnaire (ARQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) were administered on the sample. From the results it was found that morningness-eveningness is significantly negatively correlated with risk taking behaviours and depressive symptoms are significantly positively correlated with risk behaviours. Further it was found that both morningness-eveningness (β= -.60, t= 10.8, p<.01) and depressive symptoms (β= .26, t= 4.7, p<.01) significantly predicted 64% variance (R2= .64, F= 190.7, P<.01) in risk taking behaviours in the selected sample. Pages: 388-390Parampreet Kaur and Suninder Tung (Department of Psychology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar ) Read more Get Access
Impact of nutrition on alcoholic liver disease: A brief review Pages: 391-394 Tripti and Karuna Singh (Department of Food Technology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh) Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a result of various pathopysiological stages, and malnutrition is directly linked with the severity of ALD. Malnutrition is caused due to the substitution of calories from alcohol for calories from food and the other contributory factors are malabsorption and maldigestion of nutrients from the gut. Complete abstinence from alcohol is the only remedial therapy for ALD patients. Proper nutritional management along with appropriate supportive treatment modalities effectively helps in reducing complications linked with ALDspecifically infection. In many malnourished patients, nutrition plays a significant role in the treatment of ALD. Therefore, nutrition therapy for ALD patients should be planned on an assessment of their complications, nutritional state, and dietary intake. Branched-chain amino acids, zinc, vitamin and mineral supplementation, medium chain triglycerides, vegetable protein and probiotics are considered for effective nutritional utilization. Pages: 391-394Tripti and Karuna Singh (Department of Food Technology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh) Read more Get Access
A review on factors affecting school bullying Pages: 395-397 Taruna (Department of Psychology, Singhania University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan) V. N. Yadav (Department of Psychology, Govt. PG College, Bhiwani, Haryana) Violence among children has always been a topic of interest to many social scientists, and bullying behavior has grown out of this field. Bullying has been for many years a vastly researched area in other countries and is now a very quickly growing topic of interest in social research in the United States. The prevalence of school bullying has been investigated in many countries and victimization rates range from 5 percent to 41.6 percent depending on the instrument and method employed, as well as the sample involved. In almost all countries, most of the bullying targeted against primary and secondary school children takes the form of 'general name calling'. Other common types are relational and physical bullying. Boys are more likely than girls to be physically victimized. The present paper review on the factors affecting bullying behaviors among school children Pages: 395-397Taruna (Department of Psychology, Singhania University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan)V. N. Yadav (Department of Psychology, Govt… Read more Get Access
Parental encouragement and mental health among students Pages: 398-401 Ritu Modi (Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad) The purpose of the present study is to find out the gender differences in parental encouragement and mental health among students. Total sample consisted of 200 male and female students with the age range of 16-24. Mental health inventory and parental encouragement scale were administered for data collection. Score were analyzed by t-test and correlation technique was applied to investigate the gender differences and relationship between parental encouragement and mental health. Results indicated that female students have better parental encouragement and mental health in comparison to male students. There is significant positive correlation between parental encouragement and mental health in the group of male students but in the group of female students the correlation found between mental health and parental encouragement was not significant. Pages: 398-401Ritu Modi (Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad) Read more Get Access
A study on locus of control and well-being in employees in private sectors Pages: 402-404 Shubhi Sharma (Master of Business Administration, Amity University, Noida) R. P. Juyal (Department of Economics, N. A. S. College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh) The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between well-being and locus of control among employees in private sectors. Subjects for sample have been selected from private companies and institutions situated in Meerut city with the help of purposive and quota sampling technique. The sample consisted of 120 male and female employees, working in private sectors. Data was obtained with standardized inventories and analyzed with mean, standard deviation and t-test. Obtained result indicated the positive correlation between well-being and locus of control. It means, that Internally- oriented people tend to have higher score on well-being and externally oriented people show lower well-being. Internally oriented people tend to have higher scores on 'personal growth' and 'purpose in life' which are two distinct facets of well-being out of six. Pages: 402-404Shubhi Sharma (Master of Business Administration, Amity University, Noida)R. P. Juyal (Department of Economics… Read more Get Access
Frustration as associated with street children and school children Pages: 405-409 V. R. Shinde (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune) N. V. Deshmukh (Department of Psychology, M. S. G. College, Malegaon, Nashik, Maharashtra) The present investigation was conducted to explore the level of frustration found to be associated with street children and school children The present study was conducted on a sample of 60 street children and school children including all male children, age ranging between 08 to 15 years by employing two-group design to measure various types of frustration, such as regression, fixation, resignation and aggression. Therefore, Frustration Test by Chauhan and Tiwari was used. The mean scores on the whole sample of street children and school children on frustration and factors of frustration such as regression, fixation, resignation and aggression were found to be significantly greater on street children than the school child ren. The obtained 't' ratio was found to be significant at 0.01 level of confidence. Pages: 405-409V. R. Shinde (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune)N. V. Deshmukh (Department… Read more Get Access
Residential crowding, psychological distress and the mediating role of social support among dormitory residents Pages: 410-416 Neethu P. S. and Surendra Kumar Sia (Department of Applied Psychology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry) The study examines the mediating effect of social support in the relationship between residential crowding and psychological distress among dormitory residents. We collected data from 227 university students who were staying in quadrupled dormitories, by using three self report measures. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was carried out to develop the measurement model. The CFA of residential crowding scale suggested a single factor model instead of a four factor model. The three dimensional social support scale were turned into two dimensional. As well as, the ten item psychological distress scale retained eight items. Furthermore, the mediation analysis carried out using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) reports that social support mediates the relationship between crowding and psychological distress. Our findings provide a basis for future interventions and practical implications. Pages: 410-416Neethu P. S. and Surendra Kumar Sia (Department of Applied Psychology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry) Read more Get Access
Parent-child relationship as a correlate of academic achievement among adolescents Pages: 417-421 Gayatri Raina and Pooja Verma (Department of Psychology, H. P. University, Summer Hill, Shimla) The present research focuses on academic achievement among adolescents in relation to parent-child relationship. The sample for the study comprised of 100 adolescents i.e. 50 boys and 50 girls in the age group of 14 to 16 years. The entire sample was drawn from the various public schools of Shimla town of Himachal Pradesh. Parent Child relationship scale (Nalini Rao, 1989) and academic achievement was assessed on the basis of total scores of annual examination was administered on the selected sample of boys and girls. T-test was carried out to see the significance of difference between boys and girls on academic achievement. Furthermore, correlation and regression analysis was employed to find out the effect of parent-child relationship on academic achievement. Results indicated that adolescent boys and girls share different relationship with their parents and this relationship affect their academic achievement. Overall, boys scored higher on academic achievement as compare to girls. Neglection and object punishment from father have a significant relation with the academic achievement of boys. On the other hand, protection from fathers has a significant and positive relation with the academic achievement of girls. Pages: 417-421Gayatri Raina and Pooja Verma (Department of Psychology, H. P. University, Summer Hill, Shimla) Read more Get Access
A study of attitude of secondary schools teachers toward inclusive education Pages: 422-426 Ramesh Sandhu (Department of Education, C. R. College of Education, Hisar, Haryana ) Teachers' attitude toward inclusion plays an important role in the education of special children. An attitude may include cognitive, affective and behavioural components. The aim of this paper is to explore the intensity of attitude (positive or negative) of secondary school teachers towards inclusive education. The other objectives are to find out the difference in attitude between male and female; less experienced and more experienced, science and social science and trained and untrained teachers. The data was collected from 200 secondary school teachers by using survey method. A standardised attitude scale was used for this purpose. The results indicate that average attitude of secondary school teachers towards inclusive education was moderate. Female, less-experienced, social science and trained teachers were found to have more positive attitude towards inclusive education as compared to male, more experienced, science and untrained teachers. Thus, there is need to mould the attitude of male, more experienced and science teachers through training and education. Pages: 422-426Ramesh Sandhu (Department of Education, C. R. College of Education, Hisar, Haryana ) Read more Get Access
Maintaining well-being amongst Indian entrepreneurs: A positive psychological approach Pages: 427-431 Keerti Dewal and Satishchandra Kumar (Department of Applied Psychology and Counseling Centre, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Santacruz (East), Mumbai) With the rise in entrepreneurship and the challenges entrepreneurs have to face, their psychological well-being gets affected. One of the ways in which psychological well-being can be maintained is through psychological capital. The present research seeks to establish the effect psychological capital can have on psychological well-being of small-scale entrepreneurs. For this purpose, a sample of 124 entrepreneurs, from the city of Mumbai were selected. Data was collected using the survey method and was analyzed using the correlation and regression analysis method. Results indicated that psychological capital and psychological well-being have a significant positive relationship such that developing psychological capital can enhance the level of psychological well-being. The core construct of psychological capital was shown to have a greater impact of well-being than each of its components individually. Implications of the study and directions for further research have been discussed. Pages: 427-431Keerti Dewal and Satishchandra Kumar (Department of Applied Psychology and Counseling Centre, University of… Read more Get Access
Role of gratitude, personality, and psychological well-being in happiness among young adults Pages: 432-435 Bhupender Singh, Shilpa Salve and B. R. Shejwal (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune) Understanding happiness among young adults has been a core human endeavor and presently covers areas from education to work. The present study is an empirical investigation, to predict the role of personality, psychological well-being, and gratitude, in happiness among young adults. This study is based on a youth sample (N =109) with ages ranging from 18 to 23 years. There was a positive significant correlation observed among personality, psychological well-being, gratitude, and happiness. To predict the best predictors of happiness, step-wise regression analysis was carried out. Results based on stepwise regression demonstrated that happiness among young adults is significantly predicted by psychological well-being, gratitude, and extraversion. These three factors accounted for approximately 37%, 41%, and 44% of the variance respectively. This emphasizes the importance of these variables in the happiness of young adults. Pages: 432-435Bhupender Singh, Shilpa Salve and B. R. Shejwal (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune… Read more Get Access
Reduction of ergonomic risk factors in brick units through workstation, task and tool analysis checklist Pages: 436-440 Kumkum Pandey and Aditi Vats (Department of Family Resource Management, College of Home Science, G.B.P.U.A. & T., Pantnagar, Uttarakhand) Owning to poor socioeconomic conditions factory workers are compel to carry out a considerable number of manual, rigorous tasks in brick factories and facing the various health problems because of repetitiveness, high frequency of action, excessive force, awkward posture, insufficient recovery time, use of mechanical tools, and exposure to high temperature. Space limitation requires workers to use much uncomfortable posture like standing, stooping, squatting, stretching, reaching, bending and twisting during the activities. The main aim of this study was to identify the specific ergonomic risk factors in the workplace facing by male and female workers during raw brick making activities and to analyze the causes of pain/discomfort related to workstation, hand tool and task analysis. For this purpose twenty male and twenty female workers from raw brick making unit were randomly selected and a detailed ergonomic risk factors were analyzed with the help of NIOSH checklist. In result it was found that more than 60 percent (33 percent male & 27 percent female) of the total respondents reported that the floor surface was free of obstacles and flat and there was no preventive maintenance programme for the mechanical aids, tools and other equipments. Total 25 percent respondents wherein 10 percent males and 15 percent females reported that they kept pulling and pulling forces minimal and total 75 percent male and female respondents did not agree with the same. Nearly 88 percent respondents wherein 45 percent males and 42.5 percent females said that the repetitive motions were avoided by taking sufficient pauses while doing the task. Total 75 percent respondents said that the tool handles were designed not to dig into the palm of the hand, in which 40 percent were the males and 35 percent were the female workers. On the whole, it was found that all respondents from the selected unit said that the employees have not been trained for the proper use of hand tool techniques, when and how to report the problems with tools and in proper tool maintenance technique and no one respondents were satisfied with this statement. Pages: 436-440Kumkum Pandey and Aditi Vats (Department of Family Resource Management, College of Home Science… Read more Get Access
Assessment of instructors’ performance appraisal in Samara University Pages: 441-448 Ali Hussein Idris and Teferi Hailesslasie Assefa (Department of Management, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopian) Right from its establishment, Samara University has been implementing instructors' performance appraisal process whereby peers, students and heads of departments evaluate instructors' performance. However, to the best knowledge of the researcher; no systematic study has been conducted to evaluate effectiveness of instructors' performance appraisal process in the university. Therefore, the overriding objective of this study was to evaluate effectiveness of instructors' performance appraisal process in Samara University. In order to achieve the objective, the focus of the study was on factors in the process of the appraisal (including practices of appraisers, characteristics of evaluation criteria, clarity of the purpose, & characteristics of performance feedback system). The study employed cross sectional survey design. Even though 81 semi-structured questionnaires to instructors and 214 structured questionnaires to students were distributed, only 74(91.3%) and 191(89.2%) were returned and analyzed from the former and the latter, respectively. Sample respondents were selected using proportionate stratified sampling. Moreover, focus group discussion with students & instructors and semi structured interview with heads of departments were conducted to supplement data collected using questionnaire. Data collected through focus group discussion and interviews were analyzed qualitatively; whereas data collected through questionnaires were analyzed quantitatively using descriptive statistics with the help of SPSS version 17. The result of the study indicated that instructors' performance appraisal process is ineffective because of weak characteristics of evaluation criteria, bias practices of appraisers, ineffective performance feedback system, and appraisers (students) lack of awareness on the appraisal purpose and less attention given for formative purposes of the appraisal. Finally, to enhance effectiveness of the appraisal, the researcher recommended the university to: redesign the evaluation criteria in consultation with instructors; train appraisers and appraisees; make the feedback frequent, precise, timely & consistent; and focus on formative purposes. Pages: 441-448Ali Hussein Idris and Teferi Hailesslasie Assefa (Department of Management, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopian) Read more Get Access
Development and validation of 16-item acculturative stress scale for within country migrated students Pages: 449-455 Khan Abrar uz Zaman Khan (Department of Psychiatry All Indian Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur, Chattisgarh) B. Hasan (Psychometrics Laboratory School of Studies in Psychology Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur) The objective of the present piece of work was to development and validation of acculturative stress scale for within country migrated students in India. Following the incidental cum random sampling technique, 200 North Indian students within the age range of 18 to 24 years were drawn from the different institution of Warangal districts, Telangana, India to serve as participants in the present research work. Dimensions of acculturative stress were decided on the basis of the review of the literature on acculturative stress. Items were pooled out by unstructured interviews. Content validity was analysed by content validity index (CVI) suggested by (Lynn, 1986). The item analysis was done by corrected item-total correlation. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was employed for explored all possible factor. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was employed to confirm explored factors. Moreover, reliability, convergent, discriminant and concurrent validities were also examined. EFA of 19-item pool yielded a 16-item measure with five independent dimensions. The items communalities ranges are greater than .400. Overall variance explained by all these factors is 63.50%. CFA also confirmed the explored all five factors from the EFA. The findings indicated that ASS-16 has sufficient convergent and discriminant validity. The composite reliability was more than .700 for each of the five factors. All five factors of the ASS-16 are significantly associated with criterion measure. It is concluded that there is sufficient empirical and statistical evidence of internal consistency and construct validity of ASS-16. The theoretical and practical issues have been discussed. Pages: 449-455Khan Abrar uz Zaman Khan (Department of Psychiatry All Indian Institute of Medical Sciences… Read more Get Access
Impact of parental variables on depression among adolescents in Haryana Pages: 456-459 Rupika Chopra, Shakuntla Punia and Santosh Sangwan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies I. C. College of Home Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana) Depression is a psychological problem or condition that changes how you think and feel and also affects your social behavior and sense of physical well being. The present study was undertaken on 460 adolescents of 11th and 12th standard, i.e., 113 studying in university and 347 studying in government schools of Hisar district of Haryana state falling in age group of 16 to 17 years. Children Depression Inventory (CDI) by Kovacs (2003) was used to assess the depression status. Results highlighted that adolescents enrolled in university were more depressed as compared to adolescents enrolled in school and adolescents' whose father were illiterate, mother were educated up to higher level and engaged in servicer were more depressed. Pages: 456-459Rupika Chopra, Shakuntla Punia and Santosh Sangwan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies… Read more Get Access
Empirical study on preference of millennials towards healthy food products with respect to organic and functional foods Pages: 460-469 Mansi Arora Madan (Jagan Institute of Management Studies, Delhi) With increase in health consciousness amongst Indians in the past decade, Indian agro food market has grown manifolds. Healthier food products are more conveniently available and preferred by Indian consumers today. The trend is more commonly seen in young Indian consumer who is ready to spend more on healthy food items, gym memberships and health diet applications or consultants to stay fit and presentable. Consequently, the food industry has undertaken the reactive strategies to meet the growing inclination towards healthy food by introducing organic and functional foods options. The research proposes a survey of 300 Indian Millennials to understand their attitude towards healthy food options with specific reference to Organic and functional food products. The results are attained though the implementation of measures of central tendency and Pearson's chi-squared test. The main aim of this paper is to derive indications that may contribute to better strategic and tactical marketing decisions. Pages: 460-469Mansi Arora Madan (Jagan Institute of Management Studies, Delhi) Read more Get Access
Use of internet services of Nehru library CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar: A case study Pages: 470-473 Surender Kumar (School of Studies in Library & Information Science, Vikram University, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh) This paper presents the results of a study conducted on the use of internet services of Nehru Library, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. Survey method was used to collect the data from the users with the help of structured questionnaires. The present study examined the different aspects of internet searching behavior of the students. The study shows that 35.52 % of the users having more than 4 year experience with internet. The majority of the users i.e. 28.94% access the internet at daily basis. The most preferred place of using internet was 67.76% at Nehru Library. Most of the users were using internet for the web based library resources like CeRA, Indiastat, Krishi Prabha (e-theses), e-learning portal and Britannica online etc. Google was the most favorite search engine among the users. The majority of the users were fully satisfied with the present internet services offered by the Nehru Library, CCS HAU, Hisar Pages: 470-473Surender Kumar (School of Studies in Library & Information Science, Vikram University, Ujjain, Madhya… Read more Get Access
Depression and parental bonding styles among school going adolescents of Tripura: A comparative study Pages: 474-478 Anjana Bhattacharjee and Rebeka Debbarma (Department of Psychology, Tripura University, Tripura) The present study aimed to investigate the level of depression and parental bonding styles among school going adolescents of Tripura. Further the study also attempted to explore the relationship between level of depression and parental bonding styles among the adolescents. The Sample consisted of 1200 school going adolescent and they were selected randomly from different schools of Tripura. Out of 1200 study subjects, 702 were adolescent boys and 498 were adolescent girls. Again among the 1200 subjects, 693 adolescents were from urban areas and the rest 507 were from rural areas. In order to collect data from the subjects Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) developed by Beck et al. (1996) and Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) developed by Parker et al. (1979) were administered. Findings showed insignificant difference between male and female adolescents with respect to their depression and parental care. In case of parental overprotection male and female adolescents differed significantly. Similarly no significant difference was found among urban and rural adolescents with respect to their parental overprotection. However urban and rural adolescents differed significantly in regard to their depression and parental care. Finally significant correlation was found between depression and parental bonding style. Pages: 474-478Anjana Bhattacharjee and Rebeka Debbarma (Department of Psychology, Tripura University, Tripura) Read more Get Access
Eye-for-an-eye, tooth for a tooth: Reaction without reflection Pages: 479-484 Vatsala Saxena (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Dehli) The findings documented in the paper are a part of the larger project that attempted to study how morality is constructed in the everyday conversation between parents and children. For this purpose everyday family discourses were collected from 12 upper middle class Delhi based families. These families had at least one child between 3-5 years of age. He/she was the participant child, and the discourses involving him/her were the focus of the study. The discourses pre-dominantly revolved around four values, namely 'respecting elders', 'sharing', 'harm' and 'reference to God'. This paper addresses the concerns of inflicting harm. The 'harm' here is characterized by the minor physical fights which transpires between children, but warrants no major injury. The paper seeks to discuss how the mothers address such instances of physical fights or threats reported by their children, and consequently how the children construe the notion of harm. The study was carried out in two phases. In the first phase, the everyday conversations between the child and the adult (s) were recorded and subjected to discourses analysis. The analysis was guided by the paradigm of discursive psychology. The analysis suggests that the mothers do not focus on the issue of righteousness of the act, but emphasize more on the combative action. In the second phase, the parents were interviewed to triangulate the discursive findings. The semi-structured interview schedule was based on the understanding developed from the analysis of the discourses. Both the methods of study seem to converge on a common understanding. The focus on reaction, without reflection, seems to guide the child in understanding harm as something that warrants retaliation and as a legitimate manifestation of power. Pages: 479-484Vatsala Saxena (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Dehli) Read more Get Access
Thyroid Hypo-function: Neuropsychological issues Pages: 485-491 Vatsal P. Pandey, Tara Singh, and SK Singh (Science Lab, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh ) Hypothyroidism has been associated with various neuropsychological issues that range from general mental dysfunction to specific cognitive domains such as memory, working memory, attention, visuospatial functions and language. These neuropsychological issues or deficits are found, in some cases, reversible while in some cases permanent, the current article reviewed various studies which have taken up these issues. The article starts with a brief introduction which throws light on endocrinological underpinnings of the thyroid gland with a brief reference to symptoms, pathophysiology, and epidemiology of thyroid hypo-function. Later, the article gives an overview of the prevalent research methodology used in this area of research. Further, the article discusses various types of neurocognitive deficits present in thyroid hypo-function followed by a discussion on their reversibility pattern. Following this, the article discusses the impact of thyroid hormone on brain and makes an attempt to delineate neuroanatomical correlates of thyroid hypo-function and neurocognitive deficits. Lastly, the article discusses how mood can be a potential confounder while establishing an association between neurocognitive deficits and thyroid hypo-function. The article concludes by discussing various limitations seen in the studies reviewed and identifies prospective areas for further research. Pages: 485-491Vatsal P. Pandey, Tara Singh, and SK Singh (Science Lab, Department of Psychology, Banaras… Read more Get Access
Counseling for community well-being and happiness Pages: 492-497 Navin Kumar, Himanshi Bhati and Vandita Sharma (Department of Psychology, Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar College, University of Delhi, Delhi) The notion of happiness and life satisfaction are directly relevant to encouraging some sense of the worth of living. Measuring feelings can be very subjective, but in nonetheless a useful complement to more objective data when comparing quality of life across various section of society. Life satisfaction measures how people evaluate their life as a whole rather than their current feelings. It captures a reflective assessment of which life circumstances and conditions are important for subjective well-being. Within the evolutionary framework of human nature, meaning and purpose of human existence is an important conception of positive psychology. The present study focus to assess level of life satisfaction among 60 women of unprivileged section of society the method was interview using quantitative approach of measuring subjective well-being based on Ed. Diener life satisfaction scale (2000). Arithmetic mean a measure of central tendency used as satisfied technique and finding were reported that is the level of life satisfaction among women of slums are low. Pages: 492-497Navin Kumar, Himanshi Bhati and Vandita Sharma (Department of Psychology, Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar… Read more Get Access

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