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Pages: 1162-1169
Rudrani Mitra and Debadeepa Banerjee (Department of Psychology, Bethune College, Kolkata)

A person of artistic personality uses their body and mind to create new things. They appreciate beauty, unstructured activities and variety. They enjoy interesting and unusual people, sights, textures and sounds. These individuals prefer to work in unstructured situations and use their creativity and imagination. The current study investigates whether there is any distinction between personality trait or features of young dancers and non-dancers. Twenty young female adults (10 dancers & 10 non-dancers) are involved in this study and they are asked to draw a person on a paper and after completing the first drawing experimenter checked the gender of drawing and the participants again are asked to draw a person of opposite gender in another page. A number of personality traits were found that distinguishes a dancer from a non-dancer. It was found that dancers are extrovert, independent, restless, day-dreamer, imaginative, open to experience, warm hearted. On other side non-dancers are self oriented, ambitious, aggressive, inhibited and assaultive. Evidence from the present study suggests that some of the personality traits differ from dancers to non-dancers.
Pages: 1162-1169 Rudrani Mitra and Debadeepa Banerjee (Department of Psychology, Bethune College, Kolkata)
Pages: 1170-1173
T. J. M. S. Raju (Department of Education, Sikkim University, Gangtok, Sikkim)

The present investigation aims at pursuing the Stress and work orientation among the teaching population at selected Junior Colleges in Vizianagaram District of Andhra Pradesh, South India. Presently many Junior Colleges are running under different managements. In view of the up-to-date system in higher education, the researcher is interested to probe in to the work orientation and stress of all category teachers, which may facilitate the educational experts as well as the district administration to study the teacher problems, so as to facilitate better education it the coming generation. The data were collected from 214 teachers from some selected Junior Colleges by using the two standardized questionnaires namely Teacher Stress (Indira, 1996) tool consists of 40 items covering with four areas viz., Intensity of work, Students Behavior, Professional Growth and Extrinsic Annoyers are taken into consideration. While Teacher Work Orientation (Indira, 1996) tool consists of 17 items covering with two dimensions viz., Achievement Orientation and Affiliation Orientation aspects are taken into consideration. The data were analyzed with the help of statistical analyses by using Means, Standard Deviations, Critical ratios and Correlations. The results were discussed according to the significant values obtained. Based on the results certain findings and conclusions were drawn. Overall the study marked some educational implications.
Pages: 1170-1173 T. J. M. S. Raju (Department of Education, Sikkim University, Gangtok, Sikkim)
Pages: 1174-1177
Vinayak R. Pathak and R. S. Mhaske (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra )

This study was aimed at analysing the relationship between loneliness, anxiety, and mobile phone addiction among college students in the age group of 18 years to 21 years. The sample of 100 college students using smart phone was collected from various colleges in the city of Pune using incidental sampling method. The Pearson correlation, t-test, and regression analysis was used for analysing the data on SPSS 20. The study revealed that the loneliness and anxiety both were positively related to mobile phone addiction. The regression analysis showed that the loneliness and anxiety both were able to predict the mobile phone addiction.
Pages: 1174-1177 Vinayak R. Pathak and R. S. Mhaske (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune…
Pages: 1178-1183
Anindita Majumdar and Jayanti Basu (Department of Applied Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata )

The nature of ego functions of the professionals in Kolkata, who have chosen performing (music, dance, & acting) and visual (painting & photography) art as their career, in comparison to a control group of non-artist professionals has been investigated in the present manuscript with the purpose of understanding the effect of such statistical functions on creative personalities. The sample constituted of 150 artist professionals and 150 non-artist professionals from Kolkata within age range of 20 to 40 years, including respondents of both the genders. The control group was matched with the study group in terms of relevant demographic variables. The tool used to obtain the findings was Ego Function Assessment (EFA) Scale, as modified by Bellak (1989). The EFA scale assessed twelve separate ego functions viz., Reality Testing, Judgment, Sense of Reality, Drive Control, Object Relation, Thought Process, Adaptive Regression, Defense Functioning, Stimulus Barrier Autonomous Functioning, Synthetic-Integrative Functioning and Mastery Competence. Descriptive and multivariate tests were used for statistical analysis of data. The data analysis revealed significant differences between the two groups, and between the genders in terms of ego functions. The creative's had poorer ego functions on many respects, but had higher adaptive regression. However, their differing perspective of emotions (as indicated by higher adaptive regression) may account for their specialty. Suggestions for mental health management of creative persons require awareness on the part of the mental health workers in this regard.
Pages: 1178-1183 Anindita Majumdar and Jayanti Basu (Department of Applied Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata…
Pages: 1184-1186
Saurabh Chavan, Juhi Deshmukh, and Bhupender Singh (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra)

The purpose of this research is to explore how happiness is influenced by mindfulness, belief in personal control and gratitude. Students of Savitribai Phule Pune University (n=100) with age group ranging from 21-30 years administered Oxford Happiness Questionnaire by Hills and Argyle; Five Facet Mindfullness Questionnaire by Baer; Belief in Personal Control Scale (BPCS) by Berrenberg and the Gratitude Questionnaire-6 (GQ-6) by McCullough. The association between the varibles was tested by pearson product moment correlation and the best predictors of happiness were predicted by step-wise regression analysis. Results showedpositive significant correlation between mindfulness, belief in personal control, gratitude and happiness; gratitude (36%) and mindfulness (13%) were found to be the best predictors of happiness.
Pages: 1184-1186 Saurabh Chavan, Juhi Deshmukh, and Bhupender Singh (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune…
Pages: 1187-1189
Yogesh Kumar Jindal and Madhu Jain q (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

Present study was designed to find out the comparison between father and mother of differently abled children on hope and Happiness among the parents of differently abled children sample consisted of 40 parents (23 fathers & 17 mothers) within the age range of 30-45 years adopting purposing sampling method from milestone special school of Jaipur city of Rajasthan state (India). For this purpose, Adult Hope scale developed by Snyder (1991) and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire developed by Argyle and Hills (2000) were administered. t-test was applied to analyze the data. The findings revealed that statistically no significant difference was found between fathers and mothers on both hope and Happiness
Pages: 1187-1189 Yogesh Kumar Jindal and Madhu Jain q (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan…
Pages: 1190-1193
Vipul Kumar and Neena Kohli (Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh)

The major objective of this qualitative study was to explore the factors of causal beliefs and coping with illness among type 2 diabetes patients. The sample consisted of 35 type 2 diabetes patients with age range from 35 to 60 years. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview schedule. Interview schedule tapped information regarding demographic details such as age, gender, education level, time line, and socioeconomic status and also includes the questions related to search for a causal explanation, feelings, and their action. Thematic network analysis was done to analyze the data. Results showed that the causal beliefs were classified into 3 categories such as knowledge about diabetes, their preference and choice and their ideology about an illness. Another belief about their illness emerged through data analysis i.e. internal locus of control and external locus of control. Results further showed that coping was categorized into three main categories such as approach and avoidance. Findings concluded that the patients with diabetes try to find out the meaning of their illness, engage in various activities to adapt their illness and develop the ability to cope with it.
Pages: 1190-1193 Vipul Kumar and Neena Kohli (Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar…
Pages: 1194-1198
Atipreet Kaur (Department of Psychology, Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab)
Agyajit Singh (Ex-HOD, Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab)

The aim of the study was to observe the Self -Efficacy in terms of gender differences among school students studying in public and private schools of selected cities of Punjab namely Ludhiana, Jalandhar, Amritsar, and Patiala. The sample consisted of 400 students with equal no. of males and females. General Self -Efficacy scale by Schwarzer and Jerusalam (1995) along with Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Children by Peter Muris (2001) was administered. Results were calculated using standardized scoring keys, also t-test was computed to find out gender differences. Results indicate that there exists statistically significant differences among male and female students on dimensions of General Self- Efficacy and academic Self- Efficacy, but statistically there exists no significant differences among males and female students on dimensions of social Self- Efficacy, emotional Self- Efficacy and children's total Self- Efficacy.
Pages: 1194-1198 Atipreet Kaur (Department of Psychology, Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab) Agyajit Singh (Ex-HOD…
Pages: 1199-1203
Deepa Kannur and Sunanda Itagi (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, UAS, Dharwad, Karnataka)

Assessing health status and menopausal knowledge of women to develop educational package. Menopause Rating Scale was used to assess age related physical and psychological decline. PGI health questionnaire was used to assess the health status, self structured questionnaire menopausal knowledge on 80 rural and 80 urban women of Dharwad and Bagalkotee districts of Karnataka. The results revealed that 37 % of urban women had mild menopausal symptoms, while 35 % of the rural women reported severe menopausal symptoms. There was significant difference between rural and urban women in menopausal symptoms. SES, age, education and occupation was negative and significantly related with menopausal symptoms. It was observed that only 8-28 % of women had high menopausal knowledge. SES, age, education and occupation was significantly related and associated with menopausal knowledge. There was significant difference between rural and urban women of both the districts in menopausal knowledge. 25-40 % of rural and 15-25 % of urban women reported severely affected health status. There was significant difference between rural and urban women in health status. There was negatively significant relationship observed between health status with SES, education, occupation. There was negatively significant interrelationship between knowledge regarding care and management of menopause and menopausal symptoms and health status. Concluded that proper educational intervention is necessary to improve the health status and knowledge regarding care and management of menopause among menopausal women.
Pages: 1199-1203 Deepa Kannur and Sunanda Itagi (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College…
Pages: 1204-1209
Veena Dani (Department of Psychology, Sarojini Naidu Govt. Girls P. G. College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh)
Fariha Farooqui (Psychologist and Counsellor, Telerad RxDx, Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, Karnataka)

Recent research suggests that the role of emotional intelligence may be more important than cognitive intelligence because emotions are helpful in energizing and directing human behavior. It has even been stated that 80 percent of a person's success relies on emotional intelligence; whereas, the role of IQ is only about 20 percent. Studies have indicated that EI of an individual can be enhanced using special instructions. Furthermore, some researchers point to the fact that school children can be the maximum beneficiaries of such programs. The present study aims to develop a suitable instructional material for school children. A pretest-posttest design was chosen, with one experimental and one control group of middle school students, both boys and girls. Test results were compared with the help of 't' test. The results of the study revealed a significant difference between the pretest-posttest scores, as a result of instructional material. It was found that post test scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than control group. However, no significant difference in the post test scores of girls and boys was observed.
Pages: 1204-1209 Veena Dani (Department of Psychology, Sarojini Naidu Govt. Girls P. G. College…
Pages: 1210-1212
Vishal Yadav, Naveen, and Trayambak Tiwari (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)
Anju L. Singh (Department of Psychology, Vasanta Kanya Mahavidhyalaya, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

Emotional intelligence has often been found as a significant marker of mental health. In this pursuit, the present study examined the relationship between emotional intelligence and mental health among university students. A sample of 80 participants was taken out of which 40 were male and 40 female students with in the age range of 16-20 years from Banaras Hindu University. Emotional Intelligence and Mental Health of the participants were assessed, Pearson r yielded positive correlation between mental health and emotional intelligence, (r = 0.31, p < 0.01).
Pages: 1210-1212 Vishal Yadav, Naveen, and Trayambak Tiwari (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi…
Pages: 1213-1215
Umakant Subhash Gaikwad (Department of Psychology, Arts & Science College, Chincholi (Li), Tq- Kannad, Aurangabad, Maharashtra)

To find out the relationship of shyness among rural and urban areas located school students. The present study was carried on 80 Secondary school students of Aurangabad Districts (Maharashtra). The sample included that 40 urban areas located school students and 40 rural areas located school students (age between 13 to 15 years) selected by purposive sampling method. Shyness assessment test developed by D'Souza (2006) assesses three domains of shyness at three levels. Analyze the data various statistical techniques such as descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation were used to find the nature and distribution of variables. 't'-ratio was used to find out the differences. Based on the analysis of the data it is clear that the rural secondary school students shyness level is very high than urban areas located school.
Pages: 1213-1215 Umakant Subhash Gaikwad (Department of Psychology, Arts & Science College, Chincholi (Li), Tq-…
Pages: 1216-1218
Mohd Shoiab Mir and R. Sankar (Department of Psychology, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu)

Mental health is defined as a state of well being in which people realizes their own potential, can cope with the every day's normal stresses and work productively as well as fruitfully and is able to make contribution to her or his community. The purpose of the present paper is to assess the level of mental health among alcohol abusers. The present study consisted the sample of 60 subjects which were equally divided into three groups on the basis of age (15-25 years & 25-35 years), occupation (employed & unemployed) and duration of intake (1-3 years & 3-5 years). Mental Health Inventory designed and developed by Viel and Ware (1983) was used for data collection. Mean, SD, t-test and correlation were applied for statistical analysis. Results indicate that there is significant difference between the mean scores of 15-25 and 25-35 years old alcohol abusers. Similarly there is a significant difference found between the mean scores of employed and unemployed alcohol abusers. Further there is a significant difference found between the mean scores of alcohol abusers with alcohol intake duration 1-3 and above 3-5 years. And there is a significant relationship between mental health, age, occupation and duration of intake. On the basis of the findings in the present study we may conclude that age, occupation and duration of intake are influential factors in mental health.
Pages: 1216-1218 Mohd Shoiab Mir and R. Sankar (Department of Psychology, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu)
Pages: 1219-1221
Neha Sharma, Seema Sharma, and Tejpreet Kaur Kang (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, PAU, Ludhiana, Punjab)

The present study was undertaken to assess the levels of personality traits and cognitive styles of juvenile delinquents. The sample comprised of 120 respondents in 16-18 years of age range, selected from observation homes of six districts, from three cultural zones of Punjab. Further the sample was distributed over two sexes i.e. 80 juvenile delinquent boys and 40 juvenile delinquent girls. Scales used to collect the relevant information for the study were: Eysenck's Personality Questionnaire (Eysenck & Eysenck, 1975) and Cognitive Style Inventory (Jha, 1985). Data depicts that maximum number of the delinquents belonged to the average level of delinquency. Most of the delinquents had shown psychotic and introvert personality and the most common cognitive style among delinquents was undifferentiated style.
Pages: 1219-1221 Neha Sharma, Seema Sharma, and Tejpreet Kaur Kang (Department of Human Development and…
Pages: 1222-1225
Girijesh K. Yadav (Technical Officer-A (Psychology), ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Gujarat)
S. A. Barkat (Regional Director, Maulana Azad National Urdu University Mumbai Region, Navi Mumbai)

This study was conducted to assess the stress, anxiety and depression among none-academic staffs in educational institutions with respect to their work profile, educational qualification. One hundred twenty-six nonacademic staffs have been enrolled from different states of India, ranging between 18 to 60 years belonging to major work group i.e. officers (n=30) and office-clerks (n=96). All the participants were categorized on the basis of their educational qualifications i.e. doctorate (n=9), post graduate (n=62), graduate (n=44) and intermediate (n=12) too. Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) has been used to assess the depression, anxiety and stress of non-academic staffs. Results showed no anxiety (M=6.9, SD=5.58), depression (M=5.4, SD=6.07) and stress (M=9.2, SD=7.23) among non-academic staffs. Scores (t-value) on stress, anxiety and depression level were not found significant between officers and office-clerk groups. One-way ANOVA revealed no significant difference in the mean scores on stress, anxiety and depression across different educational qualification group of non-academic staffs.
Pages: 1222-1225 Girijesh K. Yadav (Technical Officer-A (Psychology), ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Gujarat) S…
Pages: 1226-1231
Sreetama Banerjee and Debadeepa Banerjee (Department of Psychology, Bethune College, Kolkata, West Bengal)

This research intended to investigate the attitude of young adults towards online shopping along with its selected correlates i.e. coping strategies. For the said purpose data was collected from 94 male and female (both employed & unemployed) young adults of Kolkata by administering “Online Shopping Attitude Questionnaire”, and “Coping Strategy scale”. The correlation of coping strategies with online shopping attitude of young adults were then been calculated. From the present study it was observed that when male and female (both employed & unemployed) are get stressed by daily hassles they are open to social media for shopping, chatting with buddies etc. to copes up the situation.
Pages: 1226-1231 Sreetama Banerjee and Debadeepa Banerjee (Department of Psychology, Bethune College, Kolkata, West Bengal)
Pages: 1232-1236
Pooja Rai, Tara Singh, Indramani L. Singh, and Trayambak Tiwari (Cognitive Science Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

Human brain aging is a complex process, involving changes in anatomy, physiology and cognition. The process which actively suppresses task-irrelevant response for task-appropriate responses is referred as response inhibition. Older adults have particular deficiencies in the inhibitory attentional control mechanisms that serve to prevent or stop the processing of task-irrelevant stimuli (i.e., distraction). The present study examined differences in the performance of the young and older adults on tasks evaluating response inhibition by using a distracter-response binding flanker task. The sample comprised of 10 young (Age range: 18-35 years) and 10 older adults (Age range: 55-65 years) and the responses of the participants were taken across congruent and incongruent conditions. Results were discussed in terms of accuracy and reaction time measures for young and older adults. ANOVA was performed to investigate whether there was a significant difference in response inhibition between young and older adults.
Pages: 1232-1236 Pooja Rai, Tara Singh, Indramani L. Singh, and Trayambak Tiwari (Cognitive Science Laboratory…
Pages: 1237-1239
Digambar Darekar and Deepa Naik (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, Maharashtra)

The purpose of this research is to identify the difference between professional organic farmers and conventional farmers on their psychological well-being on 300 sample size from Pune District, Maharashtra, India. To measure psychological well-being of farmers Sisodia and Choudhary scale was administered. Two matched-groups design was used. The calculated t=7.98, is statistically significant at .01 level also gives statistical weight age to these findings that psychological well-being of professional organic farmers is of significantly higher magnitude as compared to conventional farmers.
Pages: 1237-1239 Digambar Darekar and Deepa Naik (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind…
Pages: 1240-1245
Rubina Kausar (Department of Applied Psychology, Himayat-e -Islam Postgraduate Women College, Lahore, Pakistan)

The present research explored gender differences in coping with stress. Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) cognitive model of coping with stress was used as the theoretical basis for this research. The sample was comprised of 616 students between the age ranges of 18-25 years, from different public colleges at Lahore, Pakistan. Carver, Scheier, and Weintraub's (1989) Coping Orientation to Problem Experienced (COPE) was individually administered to assess the participants coping strategies under stress. Permission has already been granted by the relevant author to use this test in the current research project. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (Version 16.0) vas used to calculate percentages for gender. Results suggest that there is significant difference in percentages of gender and adaptation of different strategies. The findings of this research have implications for utilization of coping strategies by graduate students when they are under stress in Pakistani society.
Pages: 1240-1245 Rubina Kausar (Department of Applied Psychology, Himayat-e -Islam Postgraduate Women College, Lahore, Pakistan)
Pages: 1246-1249
Rashmi Rai and Soheli Datta (Department of Applied Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata)

Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) is one of the most practiced forms of psychotherapies for the treatment of patients suffering from generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The beliefs, or dysfunctional assumptions, which are involved in generalized anxiety, are highly varied and mostly resolve around issues of acceptance, responsibility, and the symptoms of anxiety themselves. Dysfunctional assumptions and rules are general beliefs which individuals hold about the world and themselves which are said to make them prone to interpret specific situations in an excessively negative and dysfunctional fashion. CBT in GAD involves cognitive techniques to address worry and cognitive biases and relaxation to address tension, as well as imagined exposure to catastrophic images and exposure to stressful situations while response preventing overly cautious behaviors. The present case study is an attempt to provide CBT to a 28 years old client suffering from GAD. He was treated using cognitive behavioral techniques. The purpose of using CBT includes presence of marked cognitive distortions, presence of significant anxiety of the client about current problems, was amenable to the use of verbal challenging and logical thinking required for psychotherapy. Focus was made in reduction of the level of anxiety and distress by modification of dysfunctional appraisals and beliefs, correction of negative self- evaluation and cognitive errors, enabling restore self- worth and maintenance of logical pattern of thinking. The sessions include assessments, psycho-education, cognitive restructuring and relaxation training. The therapy aimed at decreasing somatic symptoms through sessions on relaxation, increasing confidence to initiate conversations with others. Findings suggest that there has been reduction in negative affect, decease in anxiousness and decrease in negative belief about worry and increase in the need for controlling worry and cognitive confidence. Key ingredients to treatment success included fidelity with flexibility in implementing CBT treatment, attention to individual and cultural factors; the use of creative strategies for carrying out the underlying theoretical principles of the treatment. The study highlights the efficacy of CBT in the present socio-cultural context and how deviations from pre- determined therapy structure, based on western culture, was involved to bring about a favorable outcome in the client.
Pages: 1246-1249 Rashmi Rai and Soheli Datta (Department of Applied Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata)
Pages: 1250-1255
Aradhana Shukla (Department of Psychology, Kumaun University Campus, Almora, Uttarakhand)

Mental health is an integral part of health and it is more than the absence of mental illness and it is paralleled to physical health. It is the foundation of well-being and effective functioning for an individual, in particular and society, in general. It aims to deal with the promotion of mental strength in people so that they could cultivate them. Mental strength can be defined as a capacity of feeling, thinking and behaving in a way that allows optimal functions in the pursuit of valued outcomes. It is a combination of talents, knowledge and skills. Strength envisages the person and can be seen in terms of well-being, gratitude, forgiveness, empathy, virtues, hope, optimism, resilience and many more. It is determined by efficacy/, confidence, hope, optimism and resiliency. This paper is based on the study, observation and experience of the author about the promotion of mental health and the understanding of the concept of mental strength as an important tool of the enhancement of mental health. This paper is divided in four subsequent subsections. Section one deals with the concept of mental strength as described by Western and Indian thinkers. Section two reveals the determinants and process of mental strength. The third section describes the indicators and hazards of mental strength and finally in fourth section tips to raise the magnitude of mental strength is discussed.
Pages: 1250-1255 Aradhana Shukla (Department of Psychology, Kumaun University Campus, Almora, Uttarakhand)
Pages: 1256-1259
Athullya Nair and Archana Shukla (AIBAS, Amity University, Manesar, Gurgaon, Haryana)

The vital objective of the paper is to focus on reviewing diverse literature that has been propagandized, on the efficacy of various psychotherapies on the mental health of the survivors/victims of child sexual abuse. It also emphasises on the certitude of looking at the theoretical roots of each therapy. The therapies that are predominantly probed into are EMDR, Transactional Analysis, Biofeedback, Psychoanalysis, CBT and REBT. Reviewing articles opens an opportunity to meticulously anatomize the developments till the most recent study and the gap that prevails with each of the therapy in reaching the desired result for betterment. The contributions of CBT and REBT in improving the symptoms of the mental health caused by an abuse during the formative years, are exemplary. Howbeit, the other therapies mentioned here, REBT and its techniques are being adhered on each mental health disorder and receives attention discreetly.
Pages: 1256-1259 Athullya Nair and Archana Shukla (AIBAS, Amity University, Manesar, Gurgaon, Haryana)
Pages: 1260-1264
Sonia Elizabeth Prasadam and Anuradha Sathiyaseelan (Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka)

Children of dual earning nuclear families tend to spend some time after school alone at home. The time spent without the supervision of adults is known as 'self-care'. The present study aimed to explore the past experiences of young adults (19 23 years) who have been in self-care during their early adolescent years. Participants were interviewed through an in-depth interview (n=7). The interviews were conducted orally, meeting face to face with the participants. The data acquired from these interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. The major findings of the study reflected positive aspects of their experience, negative aspects of their experience and role of telephonic parental supervision.
Pages: 1260-1264 Sonia Elizabeth Prasadam and Anuradha Sathiyaseelan (Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka)
Pages: 1265-1267
Garima Tuli and Sakshi Mehrotra (Amity Institute of Psychology and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh)

The concept of marriage has transformed these days due the swing in the lifestyle of couples today. The mainstay of happy marriages is the strength and willingness of a couple to be together in the times of dearth. In today's time, marital relationships are the most sensitive and resilient form of togetherness. The present study aims to uncover the relationship between forgiveness and marital quality. Forgiveness is an intended and deliberate course of action in which a person undergoes a transformation in feelings and beliefs, regarding a fault where in you let go of adverse emotions like vengefulness, with the capacity to wish well for the other person. Among the various other factors that affect the quality of a marital relationship, forgiveness has been observed as a leading factor for the sustenance of couple relationships. Now-a-days the disintegration in marriages is rampant and there is need to relook into the institution. The current study aims to establish the impact of forgiveness on marital quality.
Pages: 1265-1267 Garima Tuli and Sakshi Mehrotra (Amity Institute of Psychology and Allied Sciences, Amity…
Pages: 1268-1270
Sandeep Kumar, S.P. Dahiya, Sunil Kumar, and Ankit Magotra (Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana)

Cow milk is a source of micro-nutrients required for good health. Now a days, a new debate on type of milk and its possible effect on human health has started, some people says that A2 milk is more beneficial for health than A1 milk. As the milk and milk products are essential components of human diet, hence the present paper reviews studies conducted on type of milk and human health. A1 allele is more frequent in exotic cattle while Indian breeds of cattle and buffaloes have A2 allele. Some of the studies on consumption pattern of A1 / A2 beta-casein and human health have shown that A2 milk is beneficial for health; however, more detailed investigations are required to prove the hypothesis that A1 milk could facilitate the immunological process that leads to health problems in humans.
Pages: 1268-1270 Sandeep Kumar, S.P. Dahiya, Sunil Kumar, and Ankit Magotra (Department of Animal Genetics…
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