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Pages: 602-604
Prasad K., Ameer Hamza, and Basavaraj Shrinivasa (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, Bengaluru)
Manoj Kumar Sharma (Department of Clinical Psychology, NIMHANS, Bengaluru)
Sadananda Reddy (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, Bengaluru)

Internet has become part of our lives and there has been a manifold increase in internet users over the years in India and globally. It has made our life easy and comfortable through providing better opportunities for communication, information and social interaction. However, excessive usage of the internet has led to many negative consequences on human life. Despite excessive internet use has led to the emergence of the concept of internet addiction, the conceptual clarity is still missing to understand the underlying mechanism. Due to this lack of the conceptual clarity, there has not been a formal consensus on diagnostic criteria for Internet Addiction which has hindered the development of proper assessment tools and epidemiological research on the topic and the concept of Internet addiction as a distinct psychiatric disorder is still in its infancy. But most of the studies conducted previously in the field of internet addiction looked into the risk factors for developing or associated with internet addiction rather than conceptualizing the underlying phenomenon of problematic internet use and testing out the same with further research. This leaves the question about calling the internet addiction as a separate disorder or considering it as a co-morbid condition for other psychiatric condition unanswered. So the focus of the current review is to understand the conceptual issues pertaining to problematic internet use through the available literature and to draw the attention of readers on the existing theories explaining the etiology of the problematic internet use and to provide future direction for research in this important and yet controversial area

Pages: 602-604Prasad K., Ameer Hamza, and Basavaraj Shrinivasa (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, Bengaluru)Manoj…

Pages: 605-607
Shailja Rana and N. K. Chadha (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi )

Tremendous research has been conducted in industrial/organizational psychology to study the factors that improve work performance of the employees. Most researchers study variables like working conditions, salary, organizational culture and their impact on the performance of the employees. Very little research has been conducted to study the impact of optimism on the work performance of the employees. This paper is an effort to review the factors that lead to an optimistic explanatory style, impact of optimism on performance as well as measures to increase the optimism of employees.

Pages: 605-607Shailja Rana and N. K. Chadha (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi )

Pages: 608-610
Jaishree Jain (Department of Psychology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

People are part of nature and vice versa. We inherit nature's intelligence. It is physiologically and psychologically in us. This is a major concern of humanity that has unfortunately not been fully recognized till date. Purpose of the study is to arouse the level of consciousness of individuals about the importance of ecosensory intelligence on our general mental health. Indigenous people around the world have stressed the sacredness of humanity's connection with nature, not only for spiritual well-being but also for physical, social and psychological well-being. Going for a walk or sitting in a park or going camping help people defocus their attention from the stress. It is the natural rhythm in nature that is quite opposite of the kind of drive and energy that push people towards increased stress. Thus, by refocusing on these natural rhythm people can slow down and move at the same speed as everything around them. The sight of the sea is the quickest and effective way to reduce high stress level. Popular stress busters include a walk in the park, the smell of cut grass, sound of birds singing, swimming with dolphins help in prevention of depression. The purpose of present research work is to study the ecosensory intelligence as a correlate of general mental health. The study was sampled 200 male and female participants of the age range of 20 to 50 years randomly from both rural and urban settings of Rajasthan irrespective of educational and socio-economic status. The tools administered were ecosensory intelligence test by Cohen (2001) and Mental health scale by Bhatt and Gidda. 't' test was used to find the significant difference in ecosensory intelligence and general mental health. However there is a significant difference in mean scores on ecosensory intelligence and general mental health.

Pages: 608-610Jaishree Jain (Department of Psychology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

Pages: 611-613
Shama Norien Major (I.A.S.E, Faculty of Education, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi)

There has been several research studies results showing the relationship between the effects of poverty on child development especially chronic poverty on children's health physical as well as mental. This paper is a case study which aims to study the psychological strengths and weaknesses of children and adolescents in the age of 11 to 16 years living in leprosy community. To study and analyze the common strengths and weaknesses which these children and adolescents who live in not only in chronic poverty but also experience social exclusion from the main stream society due to living in leprosy community. Data has been collected using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire having 25 items along with an impact supplement of Goodman. Data has been analyzed and discussed after the results interpretation. Conclusions have been drawn on the basis of analysis and interpretation of Data obtained.

Pages: 611-613Shama Norien Major (I.A.S.E, Faculty of Education, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi)

Pages: 614-618
Tanvi Chopra (Center for Study of Law and Governance, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi)

An emerging trend is being witnessed in the politics of India with the process of democratization. The upsurge of Dalit politics since the late 1980s transformed the way politics works in India. The assertion and interest articulation by the Dalit leadership had to be taken seriously by the ones sitting at the tables of diplomacy. The emerging influence of deras in Punjab was one such repercussion of the rising Dalit consciousness. The expansion of the activities of the deras and the rising number of followers in these deras is a clear sign of the rising Dalit consciousness. The electoral politics in Punjab is not unaffected by this process. The demand for the share in the local structures of power by the Dalits is quite visible in the local politics of the state. The 2017 assembly elections in Punjab reflected the significance of deras as most of the state and national politicians visited these deras before the elections. The influence of these deras does not seem to reduce in the near future. The rising number of followers in the deras from the state and across the world from the Dalit community is a unique trend in the democratic politics in India.

Pages: 614-618Tanvi Chopra (Center for Study of Law and Governance, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi)

Pages: 619-621
Abha Singh (Department of Psychology, P. P. N College Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh)

Alcoholism is a family disease it ruins not only to the particular individual but also the whole family. Family disruptions, domestic violence resulting juvenile problems, add up to a significant proportion of loss to society and nation's well-being and economy. Alcohol plays a major role in more than half of all accidents, suicides and early deaths. Alcoholic families have to face a lot of turmoil and struggle even when the alcoholic person is alive or after death; children are at the most vulnerable situation in the family. Children of alcoholic appear at increase risk for a variety of negative outcomes as substance abuse, antisocial behaviour depression, anxiety disorders, delinquent behavior, etc. Objectives of the study is to investigate and compare the self-efficacy and well-being in adolescent children of alcoholics (COAs) and those of non-alcoholic (nCOAs) and other one is to bring out the association or relationship between self-efficacy and well-being of children of alcoholics (COAs) and children of non-alcoholics (nCOAs). The sample is consisted of 600 respondents of the age range 14-18 from different schools of Kanpur city. 300 children are from alcoholic families and 300 children from non-alcoholic families. Snow ball sampling is used for data collection. General self-efficacy scale and PGI General well being measure were used for measuring self efficacy and well being of adolescent children. t and correlation statistics has been used for analyzing the data. Results indicated that children of alcoholics have lower self- efficacy and well-being in comparison to children of non-alcoholics. Results further inferred that there is a positive correlation between self-efficacy and well-being. Due to unhealthy environment, children of alcoholic families have some negative impact on their personal and academic life. Through intervention programmes at the school and community level, many children of alcoholic families may enhance their self efficacy, self esteem and well being, so that they can lead their life in a better way.

Pages: 619-621Abha Singh (Department of Psychology, P. P. N College Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh)

Pages: 622-623
Vali Rashidzadegan Doost (Department of Psychology, Yasouj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasouj, Iran)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement with positive psychological approach. For this purpose, a sample of 180 students from pre-university students of high schools in Abadeh city was selected. Of these, 160 completed questionnaires. Data were collected using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using regression and t-test. The results showed that emotional intelligence can predict academic achievement. Also, emotional intelligence can predict happiness. The results of t-test showed that there is a significant difference between emotional intelligence of male and female students.

Pages: 622-623Vali Rashidzadegan Doost (Department of Psychology, Yasouj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasouj, Iran)

Pages: 624-628
Tarika Sharma and Uma Mittal (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

Individuals with a diffused status are reluctant or incapable to make commitments and do not explore vigorously to establish their ego identity. It is the least developmentally mature and adaptive ego status of the four ego identity statuses given by Marcia. Identity development is significantly influenced by psychological and social dynamics experienced during an individual's lifetime, most notably during adolescence. The present study aimed at investigating the role of parenting style and decision making style among diffused adolescents. A sample of 500 adolescents of 11th and 12th class from English medium co-educational schools of Jaipur city was selected through purposive sampling technique for the screening purpose. From among them 110 adolescents identified as diffused were selected for further investigation comprised of 50 boys and 60 girls. A correlation design was used. Participants completed the Revised Version of the Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status (EOMEIS-2) by Bennion and Adams (1986); Parental Authority Questionnaire (Buri, 1991); and General Decision Making Style Inventory (Scott & Bruce, 1995). The results of the study revealed that identity diffusion significantly negatively correlates with authoritative parenting style (mother & father) and rational decision style. There exist a significant positive correlation between identity diffusion and authoritarian style (mother & father), mother permissive style, intuitive and avoidant style of decision making. The findings would help the psychologists, counselors, clinical psychologists, etc. for prevention of identity related major disorders and psychopathology from the ground level.

Pages: 624-628Tarika Sharma and Uma Mittal (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

Pages: 629-632
Surender Kumar (School of Studies in Library and Information Science, Vikram University, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh)

This paper presents the results of a study conducted on the use of internet services of Nehru Library, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. Survey method was used to collect the data from the users with the help of structured questionnaires. The present study examined the different aspects of internet searching behavior of the students. The study shows that 35.52 % of the users having more than 4 year experience with internet. The majority of the users i.e. 28.94% access the internet at daily basis. The most preferred place of using internet was 67.76% at Nehru Library. Most of the users were using internet for the web based library resources like CeRA, Indiastat, Krishi Prabha (e-theses), e-learning portal and Britannica online etc. Google was the most favorite search engine among the users. The majority of the users were fully satisfied with the present internet services offered by the Nehru Library, CCS HAU, Hisar.

Pages: 629-632Surender Kumar (School of Studies in Library and Information Science, Vikram University, Ujjain, Madhya…

Pages: 633-641
Durlabh Singh Kowal (DRDO Scientist “D” Selection Centre Central Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh)
Anam Masood (Masters in Clinical Psychology Barkatullah University Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh)
Vivek Jha (Lieutenant Colonel, Senior GTO Selection Centre Central Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh)

Anxiety is defined as the subjective feeling of apprehension, worry, and tension caused by the perception of situations as psychologically or physically threatening (Spielberger, 1972). Researchers distinguish between trait and state anxiety as dispositional and transitory experience respectively. The test anxiety is an anxiety experienced by the individuals in a test situation which differs on nature of test and purpose of undergoing test. Most of the researchers showed concern in relationship between test anxiety and academic success. This paper investigates relationship between Test Anxiety and Performance at the time of selection of Armed Force Officer Cadre applicants over a battery of projective tests for personality assessment. A sample of 122 male subjects (71 Fresher & 51 Repeater) pooled through purposive sampling had undergone a Battery of Projective Test comprising Thematic Apperception Test, Word Association Test, Situation Reaction Test and Self Description in group testing condition. Test Anxiety Inventory which consists of two subscales viz. Worry and Emotionality, developed by Spielberger et al. (1978) was administered prior to administration of Projective Test Battery. Results revealed significant difference between Test familiarity (Fresher & Repeater) and Emotionality t (107) =2.02, p<.05); Performance and Result χ2 (1) = 22.11, p<0.01). However, no significant differences were found between Worry and Test familiarity, Performance, Result; between Emotionality and Performance, Result; between Total Anxiety and Test familiarity, Performance, Result. Similar study can be replicated Interview and Objective tests for assessing personality at the time of recruitment and selection.

Pages: 633-641Durlabh Singh Kowal (DRDO Scientist “D” Selection Centre Central Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh)Anam Masood (Masters…

Pages: 642-647
Ajay Sharma (Clinical Psychologist Shri Auribindo Medical College & PG Institute, Indore, Madhya Pradesh )
Digamber Jagannath Darekar (Department of Psychology Dr. B.R. Shri Purandare Arts & Smt. S.G. Gupta, Commerce & Science College Lonavla, Pune, Maharashtra)
Varun Kumar (Clinical Psychologist Ankur Rehab Centre Indore, Madhya Pradesh )
Ashok Parasar (Clinical Psychologist District Hospital Jhansi, Utter Pradesh)

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder causes in many cases, severe disability. There is a dearth of reliable tools that diagnose difficult cases of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder accurately, particularly those helpful in differentiating it from schizophrenia and depression. Obsessive Style Index was developed by Exner group (1990) with the purpose of diagnosing Obsessive Compulsive Disorder patients accurately. Very little literature is available and probably none from India, regarding the validity of this index. So this research will be an attempt on this path. The aim of the study was to study the socio-demographic profile of the patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, to see the clinical profile of the patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, To see the significance of Obsessive Style Index (OBS) in diagnosing the Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder patients and To see the relation in severity of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder on OBS index. A sample of 30 patients (male & female), diagnosed clinically as having OCD by psychiatrists on the basis of ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for research, were selected from out-patient department of the Post Graduate Institute of behavioural and Medical Sciences, Raipur (C.G.). The major thrust of the present study was to see the significance of Obsessive Style Index (OBS) in diagnosing the Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder patients and to see the relation in severity of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder on OBS index. In essence, the present study highlights the obsessive style index (OBS) needs to be modified if it is to be used to identify the cases of obsessive compulsive disorder in our Indian population or some other measure should be used.

Pages: 642-647Ajay Sharma (Clinical Psychologist Shri Auribindo Medical College & PG Institute, Indore, Madhya Pradesh…

Pages: 648-654
Amirul Hasan Ansari and Amogh Talan (Center for Management Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi)

This study focuses on the role of subjective well-being of consumers as measured by their satisfaction with life, levels of stress and healthy lifestyle to explain the preference for organic food. Healthy lifestyle was found to mediate the relation between higher well-being and preference for organic food on one hand and lower levels of stress and preference for organic food on the other. A sample of 220 was collected from students of University of Delhi for the analysis, which was conducted using Smart PLS 2.0.M3 in order to understand the mediating relations between the variables. Well-being was found to be most significant predictor of both healthy lifestyle and preference for organic food. Lower levels of stress were also found to be significantly affecting the attitudes towards a healthy lifestyle and preference for organic food. Marketing, managerial and personal implications of the results have been discussed.

Pages: 648-654Amirul Hasan Ansari and Amogh Talan (Center for Management Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New…

Pages: 655-659
Amra Ahsan (Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Amity University, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

The life of athletes is filled with the anxieties and experiences of winning and losing, hence, stressful circumstances are an endemic part of their living. Athletes face moments during competition that appear to carry great psychological significance. When momentum starts shifting from one direction to another, they are required to remain completely focused and calm. The journey towards peak performance is usually far from smooth and great athletes and teams suffer setbacks some times. The present paper attempts to study the attributional style in male and female athletes using Attribution of success and failure (ASUFA) Inventory. Results shows a significant inter-correlation among the dimensions of attribution style. However, no gender differences were reported.

Pages: 655-659Amra Ahsan (Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Amity University, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

Pages: 660-664
S. K. Prasad (Dy. CCPD, Govt. of India& Former Director Supervisor, NCDS-SOSS, IGNOU, New Delhi)
Anil Kumar (NCDS-SOSS, IGNOU, New Delhi)

This study is to investigate the social adjustment problem among dyslexic students. Initially for the pilot study twenty students with dyslexia were selected from various schools for the purpose. It includes demographical data which influence on their social adjustment in school setting. Chi square was applied to see the relationship in said variables. Result indicated that their socio economic status having relationship with the social adjustment of dyslexic students.

Pages: 660-664S. K. Prasad (Dy. CCPD, Govt. of India& Former Director Supervisor, NCDS-SOSS, IGNOU, New…

Pages: 665-667
Roshen T. Mathew and Bindu P. Nair (Department of Psychology, University of Kerala, Trivandrum)

The present study attempts to assess the quality of life and resilience in relation to perceived social support among mothers of children with learning disability .The sample, randomly drawn, consisted of mothers of children with learning disability (n=150), between 27-50 years. The Quality of life scale, Annalakshmi resilience scale, and Multidimensional scale of perceived social support were used to collect data from the participants. Zero-order correlation revealed high, significant positive correlation among quality of life, resilience and perceived social support. Partial correlation computed indicated that the strength of the relationship between resilience and quality of life attenuated when perceived social support was controlled for, though still maintaining statistical significance, thus indicating its ascendancy in the relationship.

Pages: 665-667Roshen T. Mathew and Bindu P. Nair (Department of Psychology, University of Kerala, Trivandrum)

Pages: 668-673
Namita Rajput (Principal (OSD), Sri Aurobindo College (Eve), University of Delhi, Delhi)
Amogh Talan (College of Vocational Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi)

This paper analyzes the mediating impact social network (instrumental & expressive) ties on the relation between workplace diversity and well-being of employees. A sample of 113 was collected from private sector organizations belonging to ICT and finance industries located in Delhi-NCR region of India. Diversity was found to be positively associated with well-being. Using linear regression program PROCESS it found that competence trust significantly mediated the relation between diversity and well-being, while benevolence, integrity and predictability trust were found not to be significant mediators. Implications for the policymakers have been suggested to take into consideration the interpersonal trust in order to effectively implement the policies aimed at promoting the well-being of the employees while maintaining a healthy diversity in the organizations.

Pages: 668-673Namita Rajput (Principal (OSD), Sri Aurobindo College (Eve), University of Delhi, Delhi)Amogh Talan (College…

Pages: 674-679
Sruthy R. and K. P. Naachimuthu (Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)

Family is the first institution in the human society; it is the only relationship that provides security and support without any rewards in return. The effectiveness of family functioning in conditioning the children's personality and social development has an outstanding importance (Roelfse & Middleton, 1985). The family interactions play an important role in the development of an individual. These interactions and interpersonal relationships are seen between parents, parent and child, siblings, and other relative or person living in the household. The healthy functioning of these interaction patterns enhances mental health of the individual. The present study was conducted to find out the extent to which family relationship has an impact on general well-being in adolescents and young adults, and to understand the impact of family relationship variable on general well-being in adolescents and young adults. The results revealed that the amount of time and energy spent by mother and father on directing and controlling the adolescents or young adults is relatively more in this group. It was also found that the degree of independence and encouragement and believing in the capacity of these adolescents or young adults in this group to assume responsibility would have an influence on the general well-being.

Pages: 674-679Sruthy R. and K. P. Naachimuthu (Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts &…

Pages: 680-682
Digambar Darekar and Deepa Naik (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra)

The purpose of this research is to identify the difference between professional organic farmers and conventional farmers on environmental attitude on 300 sample size from Pune District, Maharashtra, India. To measure environmental attitude of farmers' Taj Scale was administered. Two matched-groups design was used. The calculated t= 8.96, is statistically significant at .01 level also gives statistical weight age to this finding that environmental attitude of professional organic farmers is of significantly higher magnitude as compared to conventional farmers.

Pages: 680-682Digambar Darekar and Deepa Naik (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra)

Pages: 683-687
Roli Tiwari (Psychometrics laboratory School, of studies in Psychology Pt. Ravishankar, Shukla University Raipur, Chhattisgarh)
Bansh Gopal Singh (Vice-Chancellor, Pt. Sundarlal, Sharma Open University, Chhattisgarh, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh)
Basheer Hasan (Psychometrics laboratory, School of studies in Psychology Pt. Ravishankar, Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh)

The aim of the present study is to review the empirical studies to explore and examine the relationship between acculturative stress and coping strategies of foreign students. A literature search using JSTOR, J-Gate and Google Scholar database covers the period from 2000 to 2015, the authors acknowledged 17 peer reviewed studies (full text) gathering inclusion criteria. Search terms were Acculturation, acculturative stress, coping strategies, and foreign students. This search generate empirical studies which includes participants from African, Arabian, Asian, Caribbean, Chinese, Korean, Hong Kong, Latino, Polish, Mexican, Norway and Somali countries. After examining different aspect of the 17 empirical papers, it was found that there is significant association between acculturative stress and coping strategies. However, findings are not agreed over the effectiveness of different coping strategies. Some studies reported, problem focused coping strategies are more effective rather than other two viz. emotional focused and avoidance focused coping strategies. Moreover, research on acculturative stress and coping strategies of foreign students has not yet been conducted in India. The theoretical and practical issues have been discussed.

Pages: 683-687Roli Tiwari (Psychometrics laboratory School, of studies in Psychology Pt. Ravishankar, Shukla University Raipur…

Pages: 688-690
Deepika and Jatesh Kathpalia (Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

Gender discrimination can be uprooted through empowerment of women and social awareness. By providing women the opportunity to take active part in socio, economic political and familial decisions this discrimination can be reduced. Women of our country have faced discrimination at all ages, now and hence forth this discrimination continues to exist in various forms. Any denial of equality, gender and opportunity on the bias of gender, is gender discrimination. Nature doesn't discriminate men from women. But women worldwide have been the victim's of inequality not only in terms of social and political rights but also on grounds of employment and opportunities. In the male dominant society women have become habituated of this discrimination. As a result, most women fail to understand their own rights and freedom. . Gender discrimination happens because people think that men are better than women. It seems obvious that women would want to change the system, but men are less likely to want to give up their positions of power. However, when men take part in resisting gender discrimination-by treating women with respect. Data were collected from Chaudhriwas, Kalwas , Dahima, and Bhojraj villages of Hisar-I and Hisar-II blocks covered under Hisar district of Haryana State by selecting 200 Parents. This paper shows that role and responsibility among gender and decision making by parents for future prospectus to their children.

Pages: 688-690Deepika and Jatesh Kathpalia (Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

Pages: 691-696
Rajesh George and Marc Eric S. Reyes (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines)

The present study examined the possible predictive effect of burnout on the quality of life of nurses working in the hospital setting. Participants involved 91 selected Filipino staff nurses employed in private hospitals in Quezon City, Philippines who completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory and WHO Quality of Life-Bref that measured burnout and quality of life respectively. Results of the study showed a significantly negative relationship between nurse burnout and quality of life. Moreover, a regression analysis of the data showed that a significant variance of 90.7% in physical, 92.2% in psychological, 82.5% in social, and 91.8% in environmental aspects of the quality of life can be accounted for by burnout namely emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment. Significant results also showed no difference in the research variables when respondents are grouped according to gender and civil status. Overall, the present study showed clear and vivid inference that burnout had adverse impact on the various aspects of a person's well-being and quality of life. Thus, this correlational and analytical study recommends the need for a psychotherapeutic intervention program to be developed that can reduce burnout and improve the quality of life among nurses.

Pages: 691-696Rajesh George and Marc Eric S. Reyes (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas…

Pages: 697-706
Himangini R. Hooja and Priyangini Shaktawat (Department of Psychology, IIS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan )

The aim of the current study was to test the role of home environment and achievement motivation on psychological well-being among school going students. A sample of 100 boys and girls of higher secondary school students between age ranges of 15-19 years was purposively selected. Descriptive method of research was employed and data was collected through Deo-Mohan achievement motivation scale, Home environment inventory by Mishra and Ryff's psychological well-being scale. Correlation and regression was done through SPSS. Results reported that there is significant relationship between six out of ten sub-scale of home environment and achievement motivation. Sub-scales social isolation, deprivation of privileges and rejection has negative significant relationship with psychological well-being and sub-scale reward has positive relationship with psychological well-being. Results also indicate that there is correlation between psychological well-being and achievement motivation. Further analysis using regression showed that Achievement motivation and only permissiveness factor contributed significantly to variation in psychological well-being.

Pages: 697-706Himangini R. Hooja and Priyangini Shaktawat (Department of Psychology, IIS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan )

Pages: 707-715
Suneeta Yadav (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

The present investigation, aims at exploring both work-to-family (W-to-F) and family-to-work (F-to-W) aspects of work-family conflict and family maladjustment (FM) along with the moderator effect of social support on the relationship between them among bank employed women at different W-F life stages. Work-Family Conflict Scale, Family Adjustment Inventory for Working Women (high score denotes maladjustment), and Social Support Scale were administered individually to 250 clerical level female bank employees, belonging to three life stages, viz., Stage-I: Below 30yrs, Stage-II: 30-40yrs and Stage-III: Above 40yrs. Intergroup comparisons revealed that on areas of Work-Family Conflict, W-to-F conflict remained similar at all life stages, however, F-to-W conflict was highest during Stage-II and lowest during the Stage-I. On areas of FM, a decreasing trend could be observed with scores being highest at Stage-I as compared to those at both the older life stages, and scores at Stage-II being higher than those at Stage III indicating that family adjustment improves with life stage. Correlational analysis indicated that both W-to-F and F-to-W conflict had positive associations with almost all dimensions of FM. Results of moderator analysis indicated that Emotional Support did not moderate the relationship between W-to-F and FM at any W-F life stage, however, it moderated the relationship of F-to-W conflict with FM at Stages-I and II but not at Stage-III. Informational Support did not moderate the relationship between W-to-F conflict and FM at any stage, however, it moderated the relationship between F-to-W conflict and FM but only at Stage-II. Practical Support moderated the relationship between W-to-F conflict and FM at Stage-II only, but it did not moderate the relationship between F-to-W conflict and FM at any stage. Companionship Support significantly moderated the relationship between W-to-F conflict and FM as well as between F-to-W conflict and FM at Stage-I only. Results have been analyzed in the light of the changes that take place in the lives of the women working in banking sector.

Pages: 707-715Suneeta Yadav (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

Pages: 716-719
Pinki Ninaniya, Sangwan Santosh, and Reena (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, COHS, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

Modernization is the process of social transition, use of new technology, tools, adoption of new values and practices in organizations are all aspects of change and modernization. Adolescence is very important stage in the process of development as adolescent face internal crises because of cognitive social and biological changes. The present study was carried out in Hisar district of Haryana state. The sample consisted 100 adolescents from rural and100 from urban between the age group of 16-17 years (both boys & girls). Comprehensive Modernization Inventory developed by Ahluwalia and Kalia (1998) was used to assess attitude of adolescents towards modernization. Results observed that girls had more positive attitude in all the components of modernization than their counterparts except politics where boys possessing higher percentage as compare to girls. Further mean scores indicated that significant difference were obtained in education, P-C relationship, status of women and as well as politics. Further girls respondents had more positive attitude towards education, P-C relationship as well as status of women as compared to boys.

Pages: 716-719Pinki Ninaniya, Sangwan Santosh, and Reena (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, COHS…

Pages: 720-723
Shahla Ahmadi and Akbar Husain (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh)

Depression is a common affective disorder. It affects the individual, family, and organizational health. Depression, being a problem of the individual, is likely to be managed by spiritual intervention techniques such as prayer, meditation, listening music, visiting the sick, meditation with chanting. Depression is an unavoidable feature of modern life. Psychiatrists prescribe antidepressants and lithium to deal with depression, whereas psychotherapists treat the cases of depression by using cognitive therapy. But, in this world, according to the law of nature, man has to follow religious/spiritual prescriptions. That is, man is himself a perfectionist, why he adopts dysfunctional style of coping. He should adopt functional ways to cope with depression and other psychosocial problems. Bearing this in mind, we are suggesting the ways how to live with a tension-free mind. In the present article, the authors discuss psychosocial and spiritual interventions which includes Beck's Cognitive Therapy (CT), Social and Family Support, Laughter, Refinement and Purification of the Soul, Prayer, Meditation, Listening Music, Visiting the sick and Reading the Holy Scripture have been discussed in this article.

Pages: 720-723Shahla Ahmadi and Akbar Husain (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh)
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