IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review

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A comparison of abstinent and relapsed opioid dependents on hardiness Pages: 234-237 Shruti Shourie (Department of Psychology, D.A.V. College, Sector-10, Chandigarh) Lakhminder Singh (Department of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh) The present study was an attempt to find out the difference between abstinent and relapsed opioid dependents on Hardiness. The sample of the study consisted of 200 male opioid dependents, out of which 100 were abstinent and 100 were relapsed opioid dependents selected randomly from the Govt and Private Rehabilitation Centres of Punjab. Hardiness Scale (Kobasa & Kahn, 1982) was used to collect the data. Means, Standard Deviations and t-ratios were calculated to determine the differences between two groups. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant difference between the two groups on hardiness, with the abstinent group scoring higher on hardiness, in comparison to the relapsed group. The findings clearly reveal that to increase abstinence among the opioid dependants, the treatment and rehabilitation services should focus on enhancing commitment among the drug addicts. Read more Get Access
Efficacy of mindfulness based stress reduction on worry and state of mindfulness on caregivers of patients with dementia: An intervention study Pages: 238-242 Firdos Jahan (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh) Deoshree Akhouri (Department of Psychiatry, J.N. Medical College, AMU, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh) Caregivers of any patients goes through a lot of difficulty in caring. They provide emotional support to the patients along with their proper treatment caring for patients with dementia is challenging, demanding and stressful and it negatively effect the mental and physical health of caregivers. There are very few studies have examined the effectiveness of MBSR in caregivers of dementia for improving their level of mindfulness and reducing worries. 20 patients with their caregivers were taken from Psychiatry OPD, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. They were randomly divided into 2 groups namely experimental group (n=10) and control group (n=10) only experimental group Dementia patient's caregivers were taken for MBSR intervention. Both groups were assessed on Penn worry state questionnaire at baseline and after MBSR intervention and Toranto mindfulness scale was administered only on experimental group at pre and post. After MBSR intervention experimental group are caregivers found significantly reduction in worry in comparison to control group and experimental groups caregivers also found improvement in state of mindfulness. Results indicated that MBSR intervention significantly reduced worry and increase mindful-state among caregivers of dementia. Read more Get Access
The study of impulsivity in bipolar mania Pages: 243-247 Mohit Kumar (Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi) Basudeb Das (Department of Psychiatry, Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi, Jharkhand) Sanjay Kumar (Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Mental Health, Govt. Mental Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab) Masood Maqbool (Division of Trauma Surgery & Critical Care, JPNATC, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi) Satyam Sharma (Department of Clinical Psychology, PGIMER- Dr. Ram Manohar, Lohia Hospital, New Delhi) It is largely accepted that impulsivity is part of bipolar disorder. However, presence of various sub-facets of impulsivity in bipolar disorder remains largely unknown. The present study aims to see various sub-components of impulsivity in patients diagnosed with BPAD current episode manic type. Purposive sampling was used to select 20 patients with diagnosis of BPAD current episode manic type (based on ICD- 10 DCR) (group 1) from a tertiary care hospital. Another 20 normal healthy subjects (group 2) were taken from accompanying person on the score of less than 3 in GHQ-12. Both the groups were matched on age, sex and education level obtained through initial assessment on socio-demographic clinical data sheet. All the subjects (n=40) were assessed using Barratt Impulsivity Scale and Stocking of Cambridge test, (a sub test of CANTAB). There was a statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 2 on measures of BIS. On SOC, significant differences were obtained on sub-components of Mean Subsequent Thinking Time and Problems Solved in Minimum Moves. The findings of this study suggest that impulsivity more present in patients with BPAD than normal subjects. Read more Get Access
Subjective well-being in relation to emotional intelligence and values among different professionals Pages: 248-252 O. P. Sharma (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan) Vandana Choudhary (Department of Home Science, Govt. College, Khetri, Rajasthan) Mridula Pal Singh (Counselor, Delhi) Deepika Vijay (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan) Mangi Lal (Department of Psychology, J.N.V. University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan) Main aim of this study was to find a correlation between emotional intelligence dimensions, values and subjective well- being among different professionals. This study took up a sample of 300 Different Professionals 100 Doctors, 100 Lecturers and 100 Engineers (age range 35 to 50 years) with balanced number of males and females from Jaipur city. The tools used were Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff, 1997); Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) (Diener et al., 1985); Emotional Quotient Test (EQ Test) (Chaddha & Singh, 2001); and Type of Values Questionnaire (Rokeach, 1973). Data collected is then computed and correlation was found between all the variables. Further Multiple Regression Analysis was also computed. The results found showed a positive correlation between subjective well-being and emotional intelligence, values and satisfaction with life among different professionals. And also it was found that Emotional Intelligence, Values and Satisfaction with Life are significant predictors of Subjective Well-being in Different Professionals Doctors, Lecturers and Engineers. Read more Get Access
Antecedents of job performance among teachers: A theoretical perspective Pages: 253-257 Almaas Sultana and Vijay Kumar Chechi (Department of Education, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab) Teachers have eminent role in nurturing, educating and developing young brains. The young brains directly or indirectly contribute in building up of an entirely new and growing world so the role of a teacher has evolved from merely being teacher-centered to student centered. Considering the importance of job performance of teachers at different levels of schools, study aims to explore the various predictors as well as dimensions of job performance at various levels of schools viz. elementary, secondary and higher secondary. The study provides insight of predictors of job performance among teachers of elementary, secondary and higher education level. Read more Get Access
Subjective well-being in relation to emotional intelligence and values among doctors Pages: 258-262 O. P. Sharma (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan) Vandana Choudhary (Department of Home Science, Govt. College, Khetri, Rajasthan) Mridula Pal Singh (Counselor, Delhi) Deepika Vijay (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan) Mangi Lal (Department of Psychology, J.N.V. University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan) Subjective well-being, emotional intelligence and values among professionals or in this case doctors are a very significant aspect of any professional's career and personality. Values predict our behavior and decisions and emotional intelligence is also very important part of subjective well-being. This study took up 100 doctors from Jaipur city. The tools used were Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff, 1997); Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) (Diener et al., 1985); Emotional Quotient Test (EQ Test) (Chaddha & Singh, 2001) and Type of Values Questionnaire (Rokeach, 1973). Data collected is then computed and correlation was found between all the variables. The results found showed a positive correlation between subjective well being and emotional intelligence and partial positive correlation between values and satisfaction with life Read more Get Access
Effect of coping strategies on social stigma: A study of persons with HIV Pages: 263-267 Lalita, Sandeep Singh, and Amit (Department of Applied Psychology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana) HIV is a life-threatening disease that once make a person infected, continues to attack the immune system of a person and makes it weak even to such an extent that person does not remain as capable as to fight against even an ordinary diseases. This study aims to understand the relationship between ways of coping processes and social stigma among 159 persons having HIV who were diagnosed before six months. As a screening test, General Health Questionnaire was administered. After that, Ways of Coping Questionnaire and Social Stigma were administered to measure ways of coping processes and social stigma of the persons. Descriptive Analysis and Pearson Product Moment Correlation were applied for the statistical analysis. Statistical Analysis of the data showed that there was significant negative correlation between Distancing and Social Stigma (r=-0.17), Positive Reappraisal and Social Stigma (r=-0.24), Planful Problem Solving and Social Stigma (r=-0.23). Read more Get Access
Socio-economic impact of urbanisation on peripheral villages of Sonipat city: Observation from Haryana state Pages: 268-274 Sandeep Kumar (Post Graduate Teacher (Geography), AMSSS, Bhiwani Rohilla, Hisar, Haryana) Socio-economic characteristics are the most important features to examine the development level of any area. The study discusses the impacts of land acquisition on socio-economic conditions of the peripheral villages of the Sonipat city, Haryana. A primary survey has been conducted to analyse the impacts of urbanization on socio-economic conditions of the residents. During field observation, simple random sampling has been adopted and the information has been collected through a well-structured questionnaire. Results reflect that there is a lack of higher education and only 18.91 percent respondents are highly qualified. A psychological feeling of brotherhood in the society has been declined because of increasing cash prices of the agricultural land, as well as the feeling of superiority to each other. There is also a drastic change in the family types and joints families are converting in to nuclear ones along with emergence of extended families. While observation more than 85 percent respondents of all social groups have admitted that there is a positive change in the status of women after urbanisation and it has generated a supportive environment for them. It has been unearthed that in post urbanization, with the increase of employment opportunities there is also a modification in occupational structure. Primary activities are declined as a result of sharp increase in secondary and service sector activities. All social groups have made a clear statement of the view that increase in household facilities is one of significant positive results of post urbanization period. Read more Get Access
The relationship between extrovert and ambivert with emotional adjustment and social adjustment of adolescents Pages: 275-279 Preeti Masih (Department of Psychology, St. Johns College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh) The study has been undertaken to investigate to determine the relation between extrovert and ambivert personality types with emotional and social adjustment of teenagers. To determine this Social Adjustment Inventory and Extroversion-Introversion Test (EIT) was used. The sample size was 216; 194 extroverts and 22 Ambiverts. All subjects were selected from several intermediate colleges of Agra. The study being expost facto, subjects were selected as per purposive sampling. There is significant negative correlation between extrovert and emotional adjustment of the participants. There is significant correlation between extrovert and social adjustment of adolescents. There is no significant correlation between ambivert and emotional adjustment of teenagers. There is no significant correlation between ambivert and social adjustment of selected sample. Extroverts are found to be better socially adjusted. As the level of extroversion increases emotional adjustment decreases of adolescents. Ambivalent are not found to be good in social adjustment. Ambivalent adolescents are not found to be better emotionally adjusted. Read more Get Access
The Role of Governor and article 356 Pages: 280-283 Vikas Chaudhry (Department of Law, CR Law College, Hisar, Haryana) Article 356 of the Constitution was one of the most keenly debated and discussed in the Constituent Assembly. In the words of Dr. Ambedkar “such articles will never be called into operation and that they would remain a dead letter". The Founding Fathers apprehended that, if and when it would be misused, it would violate not merely the federal character of the polity envisaged by them but also make a mockery of democratic principles. It seems that they were very much sure that the provision of the article would not be used to strengthen the corporative federalism but it would be used in resolving the ministerial crisis in the State.2 As observed by Shiban Lal Saksena “I feel that by these articles we are reducing the autonomy of the States to a farce. These articles will reduce the State Governments to great subservience to the Central Government". Read more Get Access
Exploration of dimensions of job performance of women teachers in higher education Pages: 284-287 Renu Yadav and Sheetal (Department of Education, Central University of Haryana, Jant-Pali, Mahendergarh, Pali, Haryana) The present study is an attempt to investigate the Job performance among women teachers in Higher education institutions. Purposive sampling technique was used for data collection. A sample of 110 women teachers working in Government and private degree colleges were selected for the study. Self-made questionnaire on Job performance scale was used to collect the data from teachers in higher education. The result of the study by using principal component analysis indicates that team spirit is the principal component that affects job performance of women teacher in higher education. Job security is also crucial in determining job performance of women teachers in higher education institutions in Haryana. Read more Get Access
Emotional intelligence and positive mental health: A review Pages: 288-290 Vatsla Mohan (Department of Psychology, GSSS, Kaithal, Haryana) Emotional Intelligence has become very popular among academicians and practitioners. It enables people to use emotion advantageously to achieve desired outcome in different fields. It is the capacity for recognizing our own feelings and those of others, for motivating ourselves and for motivating emotions well in us and in our relationships. Emotional intelligence has been found to be positively related to psychological well-being, creativity, academic achievement, cognitive ability, self-esteem, reasoning ability, moral judgement, intelligence and negatively related with anxiety, stress, depress and psychological distress. The present paper reviews on emotional intelligence and health. Read more Get Access
1857 के स्वतन्त्रता संग्राम में महिलाओं का योगदानः एक अध्ययन Pages: 291-294 सुरेश कुमार (History NET, Barwala Hisar, Haryana) 1857 के विद्रोह को ही भारत की स्वतंत्रता हेतु प्रथम स्वतन्त्रता संग्राम माना जाता है। यह विद्रोह सफल रहा या नहीं, इसकी प्रति क्या थी, इसका विस्तार व मूल लक्ष्य क्या था, ये सब विषय इतिहासकारों को माथापच्ची कराते रहते हैं, किन्तु यह निर्विवाद है कि इसके बाद से भारत की स्वतंत्रता तक के भारतीय राष्ट्रीय आंदोलन व सशस्त्र संघर्ष में भी, 1857 के विद्रोह ने हमारे क्रांतिकारियों का पथ प्रदर्शन किया है। इस क्रांति में हमारे वीर पुरखों ने तो अपना सर्वस्व बलिदान किया ही, हमारी वीरांगनाओं ने भी जो रोमहर्षक बलिदान किए, जो त्याग किए, और वीरता के जो कीर्तिमान स्थापित किए, वे न केवल भारतीय नारी के लिए, अपितु सम्पूर्ण नारी जाति के लिए भी अनुकरणीय आदर्श प्रस्तुत करते हैं। रानी लक्ष्मीबाई, बेगम हजरत महल, रानी द्रौपदी बाई, अवन्तीबाई लाधो, यदि राज परिवारों की महिलाओं का प्रतिनिधित्व करती हैं तो वीर नारी झलकारी बाई, उदा देवी, अजीजन बाई, आदि वीरांगनाएँ भारत के पिछड़े समाज से आने वाली महिलाओं के गौरव का प्रतीक हैं। Read more Get Access
समकालीन संदर्भ में गाँधी दर्शन की प्रासंगिकता Pages: 295-300 कविता (राजनीति विज्ञान विभाग, महर्षि दयानन्द विश्वविद्यालय, रोहतक, हरियाणा) वैश्विक स्तर पर व्याप्त हिंसा, आतंकवाद, मतभेद, भूखमरी, बढ़ती बेरोजगारी व तनावपूर्ण माहौल में यह प्रश्न उठना स्वाभाविक है कि गाँधी जी के सत्य व अहिंसा पर आधारित दर्शन की आज कितनी प्रासंगिकता है। गाँधी जी के समय भी अनेक लोगों ने उनका मजाक उड़ाया व उनके दर्शन को अप्रासंगिक करार दिया, परन्तु वे यह भूल जाते हैं कि वर्तमान तनावपूर्ण माहौल में जब परमाणु युद्ध का खतरा विश्व पर मंडरा रहा है तो ऐसे में गाँधी दर्शन ही एकमात्र विकल्प बचता है। गाँधी दर्शन की प्रासंगिकता इस तथ्य में भी निहित है कि विश्व के अधिकांश विश्वविद्यालयों में गाँधी दर्शन पर चिंतन मनन हो रहा है। बीसवीं शताब्दी के प्रभावशाली व महान लोगों में नेल्सन मण्डेला, दलाई लामा, मिखाइल गोर्वोच्चोव, मदर टेरेसा, आंग सू की, मार्टिन लूथर किंग जूनियर, अन्ना हजारे व पोलैण्ड के लेख वालेसा इत्यादि के प्रेरणा स्रोत भी गाँधी जी ही रहे हैं। इन्होंने अपने-अपने क्षेत्रों व देशों में गाँधीवादी विचारधारा का उपयोग किया और सफलता प्राप्त की। समय के साथ-साथ गाँधी दर्शन की प्रासंगिकता और बढ़ेगी क्योंकि गाँधी दर्शन मानव की मूलभूत प्रवृत्ति की विवेचना पर आधारित है। Read more Get Access
Empathy as a predictor of bullying among adolescents in Ethiopia Pages: 01-04 Harprit Kaur (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab) Tilahun Gidey Gebremeskal (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, and Department of Psychology, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia ) Bullying has existed in schools for so long. Research into the area however is only decades old. Even though empathy is shown to be a significant predictor of antisocial behaviors including bullying empirical evidence on the links of empathy to school bullying is missing from the scientific literature in Ethiopia. The present study examined whether or not and how adolescents' sex and the two dimensions of empathy: perspective taking, and empathic concern predict bullying. Data were drawn from 404 randomly selected primary school students from Bahir Dar city and Debark town, Ethiopia. The perspective taking and empathic concern subscales from Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) were used to measure the two dimensions of empathy. Whereas, bullying was measured using participant role scale taken from Salmivalli, Lagerspetz, Bjorkqvist, Österman, and Kaukiainen (1996). Multiple Linear Regression was used to analyse data. Results showed that the adjusted R2 was .139 suggesting 14% of the variance in bullying is explained by the combined impact of the predictors. It was also determined that adolescent' sex (β= -.219, t= -4.648, p=.00) perspective taking (β= -.11, t= -2.271, p=.024) and empathic concern (β= -.229, t= -4.727, p=.000) are significant predictors. We concluded that adolescent's sex, perspective taking and empathic concern inhibit bullying behavior. Based on our findings we suggested inter alia that future endeavors to curb bullying should consider the role of empathy. Read more Get Access
The investigation of the relationship between anomie and academic dishonesty of college students Pages: 05-08 Hilal Bashir and Kundan Singh (Department of Education, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab ) Academic dishonesty is a ubiquitous phenomenon that happens in all disciplines at the college level. A serious matter of academic dishonesty, student cuts to the heart of the rationale of higher education. The completed college students may not have the necessary information and proficiency implied by their academic transcript. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between anomie and academic dishonesty of college students. The study was descriptive-correlational in nature and data were collected using anomie scale and academic dishonesty scale through survey method. The sample of the study was 212 college students selected via random sampling technique. Among them 105 was male and 107 was female college students. The results of the study are: a significant positive relationship was found between anomie and academic dishonesty of college students. The study revealed insignificant difference on anomie and academic dishonesty of college students. Implications of the study for educational institutions are discussed. Read more Get Access
Comparative study between adopted and non-adopted respondents being faced by constraints use of photovoltaic water pumping system of Jhajjar district in Haryana state Pages: 09-11 Anil Kumar, Ashok Kumar Godara, and Ashok Kumar (Department of Extension Education, COA, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana) The study was conducted in purposively selected Jhajjar districts of Haryana state with selected 33 number of PWPS adopted farmers from this district and an equal number of non beneficiaries adjoining to the beneficiaries' farm were also selected. In this way a total number of 66 respondents i.e. 33 beneficiaries and 33 non-beneficiaries were included in the sample for the study. (A) Technical Constraints: The PWPS adopted respondents reported that This technology only works in less than 8 meters water table and PWPS spare parts are not available in market these were consider to be 1st and 2nd major technical constraints respectively. In the same district for non adopted farmers, It does not works in cold / winter days and This technology only works in less than 8 meter water table these were considered to be 1st and 2nd ranks of technical constraints respectively. (B) Financial Constraints: Less number of PWPS are available on subsidy and High cost of PWPS these both constraints were found to be the most serious financial constraints and were ranked as 1st by the adopted group in the study area. In case of non adopted group, High cost of PWPS was found to be the most serious financial constraint and it was 1st rank and Lack of money to buy a PWPS was considered 2nd rank. (C) Extension Constraints: Lack of package of practices for PWPS irrigation farming system was considered to be the major extension constraint and it was ranked 1st by the adopted farmers. In case of non adopted farmers, Lack of adequate manpower from state extension agencies was found to be the most serious extension constraint and it was 1st rank. Read more Get Access
Discrimination at work place: Violence of women’s rights Pages: 12-15 Sumitra (C.R.I. of Law College, Rohtak, Haryana) The present study was carried out with the violence of women's rights at work place. An attempt has been made in the study to understand the socio-economic background of the working women and the violence of women's rights at work place. For this purpose, 100 respondents were randomly technique was applied to collect data from working women in private school from south Delhi. It was found that majority of the respondents were facing some kind of violence such as delay in promotion, denial in leave, sexual harassment, verbal harassment and favouritism to a few women. Read more Get Access
Comparative study of functional properties of Amaranth and Buckwheat flour Pages: 16-18 Sangeeta and R.B. Grewal (Department of Centre of Food Science and Technology, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana) Now a days there is trends for formulation of high quality, healthy products for the healthy life style and appropriate nutrition using available food crops. The pseudo-cereals amaranth and buckwheat have attracted much interest in recent years. In addition to being one of the important energy sources due to their starch content, these pseudo-cereals provide good quality protein, dietary fibre and lipids rich in unsaturated fats. This study examined the functional properties of flour of these pseudo-cereals to improve technological quality of end-use food products. Amaranth exhibited 159.1% water absorption capacity, 16.66% gelation capacity, 0.03g/g emulsification capacity, 43.6% flour solubility and 8.30g/g swelling power. On the other hand, buckwheat showed 135.2% water absorption capacity, 30.66% gelation capacity, 0.56g/g emulsification capacity, 22.4% flour solubility and 7.63g/g swelling power. The results depicted that gelation capacity, emulsification capacity of buckwheat flour was higher than amaranth flour whereas, water absorption capacity, flour solubility and swelling power of amaranth flour was higher than buckwheat flour. Read more Get Access
Spatial distribution of agricultural workers in Punjab-Haryana plains: 2011 Pages: 19-25 Poonam Bharti (Department of Geography, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab) Changes in the size, composition, and distribution of population are closely related with the demographic structure of workforce. On the other hand, the workforce participation rates vary according to the stages of economic development, across culture, age groups, and between sexes. Indian economy has been chiefly agricultural which contributes about one third to the total economy and employs more than half of the workforce. In developing countries agricultural development wholly depends upon the work force. Working force is the economically active part of the population engaged in the production of goods and services. The present paper examines the spatial distribution of workers including total workers, agricultural workers, cultivators and agricultural labourers who were engaged in agriculture sector. Read more Get Access
Right to dignity: A comparative analysis between India and Germany Pages: 26-30 Asha Meena (Centre for Environment Law, Policy and Research (CELPR) National Law University, Delhi) "Human dignity" has turned into a vital piece of the vocabulary of comparative constitutionalism. Right to dignity has become an integral part of both national and international level. This article discusses about the origin and concept of right to human dignity in India and Germany. The main focus is the comparison and analysis of the legal scenario of the right in both the countries. Read more Get Access
Dominant dichotomies within the Indian health system: A public health perspective Pages: 31-36 K. Ranju Anthony (Center for Social Medicine & Community Health, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi) This paper tries to explore the clearly demarcated and consistent difference of health care delivery systems through India sans any malice to a particular sector (public/private). While drawing on the 'Bhore Committee Recommendations' as a foundation for brining in perceived equitability in health care, the paper tries to dwell on India's virtual flip flops in terms of following a uniform and robust model of healthcare delivery system, despite of an NHS like structure in place. The country's resilience in managing this humongous public healthcare structure stands exposed through repeated miniscule budgetary outlays for 'Health', year after year. The paper chronicles the deep rooted dichotomies within the Indian Health System in the context of 'Rural-Urban', 'Public-Private modelled healthcare delivery systems' and 'Preventive-Curative mechanisms' while hypothesising if the present model of overt dependency on the State for development sectors like 'public health' is a prudent enough policy? Or in other words, can India elude itself from (the now) consolidated private healthcare system? And if not, can there be a plausible convergence that accounts for 'social justice' within its intricate delivery mechanism? Read more Get Access
Correlates of machiavellianism among religious leaders Pages: 37-40 Priyanka Samuel (Institute of Mental Health Sweekaar Academy of ehabilitation Sciences Secunderabad, Telangana) Smita Pandey (Institute of Behavior Science Gujarat Forensic Sciences University Gandhinagar, Gujarat) Komila Parthi (Department of Psychology, DAV College, Chandigarh) Religious leaders play an important role for any religious clan. These religious leaders usually have high importance in guiding and advising the particular religious members of the group. It is very important that the religious leaders must be sensitive to the needs of the religious members and flexible to provide advice. But it has been seen that if the leader is high on Machiavellianism, he will be more manipulative and focus on his personal advantage than the real welfare of people. The present study aims at investigating Machiavellian traits in religious leaders and the relationship of Machiavellianism with life satisfaction, altruism and resilience in them. The sample was a purposive sample and were selected as per the availability of the clergymen. The results showed a negative correlation of Machiavellianism with life satisfaction and altruism indicating that individuals high on Machiavellianism are low on both life satisfaction and altruism. No significant relationship was found between Machiavellianism and resilience. Significant correlation was found between altruism and life satisfaction. Read more Get Access
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar on economic analysis of the caste Pages: 41-43 Sumitra (C.R.I. of Law College, Rohtak, Haryana) There are number of institutions in the economy of any country. Taking into consideration their duties and responsibilities being performed by them, they are classified into economic institutions, political institutions, religious institutions, social institutions, legal institutions, cultural institutions, and so and so forth. In traditional ideology of the thought, caste is a social institution. It has been originated to perform social duties and responsibilities, and it has a strong religious base. Thus caste as a social institution discharges both the social as well as religious functions. Nobody has looked at caste system as an economic institution. Even nobody thought of caste system can be an economic institution, which provides the framework of an economic system and performs the number of economic functions. It can perform the economic functions of the economic institutions like production, distribution, consumption, allocation and utilization of the productive resources and distribution of the goods and services among the people in the society as a whole. It is the Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, a unique personality in the world, who had an innovative approach looking towards the caste system, that caste is not only a social institution, but prominently it is an economic institution. Hence it performs the number of economic functions, and it is therefore an economic organisation. It is therefore Dr. Ambedkar started with studying the origin, mechanism and development of castes in India to the annihilation of the caste system in his very commendable research work for the seminar and conference presidential address. He is of the opinion that caste system in India is an economic institution, and more importantly it performs the number of economic functions in the society, which are dominantly economically exploitative to the depressed and backward communities like dalits in India. He has examined how caste system is an economic institution, the economic functions it performs, its exploitation of the backward and deprived communities in India, and more importantly how the annihilation of the caste system is possible. It is against this over all background, the present paper endeavours to examine the economic analysis of the caste system provided by Dr. B. R. Ambedkar in his book 'Annihilation of Caste', and also explores its present relevance in India . The present study concludes that there is applicability of the economic analysis of the caste in India even in the present context also. Read more Get Access
Beejani of Haryana in a new avatar: Will they like it? Pages: 44-46 Parul Gill (I.B. (P.G) College, Panipat, Haryana) Saroj S. Jeet Singh (I.C. College of Home Science, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana) In an attempt to promote the use of hand made crafts and textiles of Haryana by making them commercially viable beejani, the traditional hand fan, was reduced in size and made foldable in design. Modifications in colour fabric and embellishments were also done as per the suggestions of the 30 experts. Acceptability by consumers was assessed by displaying in International Trade Fair, Delhi and recording responses of 200 visitors. The seven product features assessed were aesthetic appeal, utility, workmanship, uniqueness, color combination, fabric and traditional value. Acceptability of beejani for traditional value, aesthetic appeal and utility was found excellent while for colour combination, fabric, workmanship and uniqueness was found to be very good. On an average, acceptability was found to be very good. Read more Get Access

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