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Pages: 280-282
Nitranjan (DPE, Govt. Sr. Sec. School, Bhan, Jind, Haryana)
Dinesh Saini (Govt. Sr. Sec. School, Kithana, Kaithal, Haryana)

40 female between the age group of 35-45 years were selected as subjects from various yoga training centers of Jind. The subjects were purposively assigned into experimental and control groups. Cardiovascular Endurance and Body Composition were selected as variables of the study. Subjects from experimental group were subjected to 8-weeks of yogic practices. The training consisted of a variety of yogic asanas. Cardiovascular Endurance was administered to assess aerobic fitness. Body Composition test was administered to estimate a person's percent body fat. SPSS statistical software (version 16.0) was used to analyze student's t-test. The 't' value of experimental group 5.62 was found statistically significant at .05 level of significance. The 't' value in case of experimental group on body composition was 16.64 which was statistically significant.
Pages: 283-285
Anita Malik (Pt. NRS Govt. College, Rohtak, Haryana)

In today's space age where one is always faced with a multitude of problems, tensions, faces a lot of stressful situations in his or her life. Each of us goes through stress a number of times mild or severe. Human Endeavour to find the most effective way to reduce stress is going on. There are lots of ways to reduce stress. In this paper an attempt has been made to delineate managing the stress through spirituality. It was found in many studies that spirituality is associated with better mental health. Spiritual beliefs enhance quality of life and manage stress effectively.
Pages: 286-289
Satpal (Independent Scholar, Political Science, Fatehabad, Haryana)

The term coalition as employed in a political sense, commonly denotes a cooperative arrangement under which distinct political parties, or at all events members of such parties, unite to form a government or ministry. It stands on the principle of permanence of interest and non-permanence of friendship or enmity. India now has entered a transitional phase in its political history as no other political parties is in a position to replace the Congress single-handedly and a coalitional arrangement of governance has become a functional necessity. This paradigm shift in politics though slightly affected by individual popularity has continued to grow and is still fulfilling the aspirations and expectations of the varied cultural and rich ethnicity of our country. Here is an attempt for further exploration.
Pages: 290-292
Kanwardeep (Department of Gandhian Studies, Punjab University, Chandigarh)

Today is an age of Science and development where morals and ethics have taken a back seat. So working on them has become imperative in form or the other. We human beings have lost the touch in terms of ethics and moral values totally which is showing its effects on our day to day lives as we are far more disturbed society where crime is rampant, people disregard their duties and moral values are on decline. Luckily M.K.Gandhi gave us the well defined doctrines which shaped our Freedom Struggle in the most honorable manner leading to the exit of mighty British. But the irony is that the mankind has not been able to utilize the Gandhi's doctrines to the fullest as desired. The present paper has spanned across almost every possible filed which directly or indirectly affects our psyche and way of dealing with simple yet important problems in life keeping in mind the relevance of Gandhi's philosophy and its relevance today.
Pages: 293-294
Kuldeep Makar (OP Jindal Modern School, Hisar, Haryana)
Sushil Lega (CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana)

The total samples consists of 50 subjects out of them 25 were sportsmen and 25 were non sportsperson samples. The age level was ranging from 16 to 19 years. Harvard step test was used to collect the pulse rate of sportsmen and non sportsmen. To assess the cardiovascular ability of sportsperson and non sportsperson 't' test was applied. The mean score of Sportsperson on resting pulse was 68.40 and SD was 3.69 whereas it was 75.24 and 5.50 respectively for non sportspersons. The calculated 't' value was 5.16 which was greater than the table value (1.68). It is clear with the result that it is due to regular participation in Sports and training. The pulse was counted after 1 min of exercise, the mean score of Sportsperson on was 88.72 and SD 3.95 whereas it was 102.24 and 5.35 respectively for non sportspersons. The calculated 't' value was 10.16 which was greater than the table value (1.68). It is clear with the result that it is due to regular participation in Sports and training.
Pages: 295-298
Suman Saini (University Library, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana)

The present paper expresses corporate attitude by information disclosure (By annual report, environmental report, etc.), to conduct long-term, continuous environmental counter Environmental Accounting sure, and to conduct 3. To conduct effective environmental investment. We introduced "Environmental Accounting", which was to grasp environmental protection cost and effect quantitatively and evaluate environmental investment and effect, from fiscal 1998. In reviewing the study of environmental accounting we also discussed its types, need, scope, limitations, its legal frame work and suggestions. Form the study of environmental accounting; we know exactly effect on the profit or loss of the business entity.
Pages: 299-302
Sandhya Sharma (CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana)

Art, beauty, and taste are the most important elements of any performance. The present article is the critical analysis of the Aesthetics, popular music and its role in the performing arts with special focus on the Swang- the most ancient folk theatre form of India. Present study has special focus on Bhavas and expressions as art, beauty and taste creates the aesthetics. It is more scientifically defined as the study of sensory or sensori-emotional values. This concept of Satyam-Shivam-Sundaram, a kind of Value Theory is the cornerstone of this study of Indian Aesthetics. As for as music is concerned focus is on the expression of Svar. These Swar are related to our feelings and emotions. And where there is a connection with the emotions, there is 'rasa-nishpatti'. And hence there comes their connection with 'saundarya' or aesthetics
Pages: 303-305
Vibha Kaushik (Department of Geography, D. N. College, Hisar, Haryana)

Traffic flow survey is a socio economic survey. It tells us about social and economic level of any area and the development of any area depends upon the good means of transportation. In traffic flow survey information regarding various aspects of transportation is collected. This kind of survey is mainly performed in the vicinity of main chowks of any city. Modes and types of transportation show the development of that area because if heavy vehicles are main over that area it represents that that area is highly industrial or very busiest route. Vehicle flow doesn't remain same in all parts of that city. It changes temporally and spatially.
Pages: 306-308
Sharmila (Department of History, C. R. Law College, Hisar, Haryana)

The present paper reviews on Dadabhai Naoroji's political and administrative demands. In spite of his loyalty to the British, Dadabhai Naoroji did not regard the rule of Britishers as ideal for the country, but exposed mercilessly its oppressive character and laid well the foundation of the future anti-imperialist struggle. He avoided falling into the trap of etatism and propagated
Pages: 309-312
सुभाष चन्द्र ( मिगनी खेड़ा, हिसार, हरियाणा)

भारत का विभाजन दुखदायी घटनाओं में से एक थी जिसने देश के दो राज्यों पंजाब और बंगाल का विभाजन भी कर दिया। इसके परिणामस्वरूप पंजाब के लोगों को विस्थापन की कष्टपूर्ण एवं दुर्भाग्यपूर्ण परिस्थितियों से गुजरना पड़ा। विभाजन जहां एक समस्या का समाधान था, वहीं दूसरी और सजा के रूप में सामने आया, जिसका सामना विभाजन और विस्थापन के दौरान लोगों को करना पड़ा। अध्ययन क्षेत्र में उन समस्याओं पर प्रकाश डाला गया है जो सामाजिक-आर्थिक रूप से विस्थापन के दौरान लोगों के सामने थी। पंजाब विभाजन और विस्थापन के प्रमुख कारण धार्मिक उन्माद ने वहां ग्रामीण और शहरी स्तर पर वृहत जन-धन-हानि की, वही इसने लोगों में असुरक्षा की भावना को बढ़ाया क्योंकि इस दौरान यातायात का कोई भी साधन सुरक्षित नहीं था। असुरक्षा की भावना ने पक्षपात और अमानवीय व्यवहार को बढ़ाया। अफवाह तथा साधनों का अभाव इस समय एक और बड़ी समस्या बन गई थी। इसके साथ-साथ विस्थापन के समय राशन और भोजन की बड़ी समस्या थी। शिक्षा के लिए कोई ठोस कदम नही उठाए गए। रेलवे स्टेशनों और कैम्पों में गन्दगी और सफाई की समस्या थी। अफवाहों की वजह से लोगों को अपना व्यापार, स्थान व सम्पति को एक स्थान से दूसरे स्थान पर बदलना एक बड़ी समस्या थी। इसके अलावा लोगों के सामाजिक ढांचे में मूलभुत बदलाव आये, कीमतों में उतार-चढ़ाव व उद्योगों का विनाश, व्यवसाय में भिन्नता आना तथा हिन्दु मुस्लिम और सिक्खों द्वारा छोड़ी गई भूमि के बीच के अन्तर को समाप्त करना भी बड़ी समस्या थी। इन्हीं समस्याओं को सामाजिक आर्थिक सन्दर्भ में समझना इस अध्यापन का प्रमुख उद्देश्य है।
Pages: 314-317
Teesta Saksena and Ritu Sharma (Amity Institute of Psychology and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh)

The widely held presupposition in today's time, and questioning, if an individual's professional growth is a result of unethical and socially manipulative demeanor; based on theoretical constructs of Niccollo Machiavelli's Machiavellianism and David McLleland's Achievement Motivation Theory. This study was orchestrated to ascertain the Relation of being Socially Manipulative with an inherent Need to Achieve and the Need to Conquer in an Organization. The sample collected in support of this argument comprised of seventy Academicians ranging between 25-45 years, both males and females, belonging to a middle and high socio economic status in NCR. Collected response data was summarized with the help of Descriptive Statistics; Correlation and t-Test.The study indicates, Social Manipulation to have a significantly negative relationship with the individuals' inherent Need to be in Power in the organization. This was indicative of an individual seeking to be in power on one hand as ranging low on social manipulation on the other and vice versa.
Pages: 310-313
Sumandeep Brar (Singhania University, Pacheri Bari, Rajasthan)
Agyajit Singh (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala)

The purpose of the present study was to measure the attitude towards crime and the personality traits of female criminals. It was also the aim to know the relationship between attitude towards crime and personality traits of the female prisoners. The hypothesis was there would be no relationship between attitude towards crime and personality traits of the female prisons. For it, 200 female prisons from Patiala and Ludhiana women jails were administered two inventories, i.e.; Attitude Scale towards Crime (Self standardized) and Neuroticism and Introversion-Extraversion Inventory by I.S. Muhar, Prabha Bhatia and Geeta Kapoor. The results of the study show that: (i) most of the female prisoners have the tendency towards crime; as they have the positive attitude towards crime, (ii) majority of the female prisoners were found to be neurotic (N = 150) and most of them were extroverted (N = 186), (iii) there was a significant relationship between attitude towards crime and neuroticism; but not with introversion-extroversion trait of personality of the female prisoners.
Pages: 323-326
Iftekhar Ahmed Ansari (Department of Political Science, N.R.E.C College, Ch. Charan Singh University, Khurja, Bulandshahar, U. P.)

The term Globalization precedes the word development in Indian national narrative by almost a decade. Globalization is horizontal mobility of man and material resources culminating in the vertical development in the human graph of well being- marked by economic progress and rise in human development index. The globalization led development in as diversified a country as India has a variegated success story. It has got its' brighter spots as well as darker shades. On one side whereas it raises the standard of living of people in general, On the other hand it remains restricted to a few pockets of region and to a fewer number of people. The majority of people are pushed to margins, and those already at the margins are discriminated, uprooted, dislocated and force to become refuges in their own country. The present paper tries to delineate environmental, social and economy related developmental issues that have plagued the Indian poeple for quite some time.
Pages: 327-330
Nalini Malhotra and Jasleen kaur (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala)

Delinquent behavior as socially unacceptable behavior demonstrated by adolescents is a long standing subject of public concern. Media influence upon adolescents has generally been assumed to significant, with powerful and long lasting consequences. The influence of Mass media is a combative issue, when it comes to juvenile behavior. The present study aimed at exploring the relationship between media values (Pro-social and antisocial) and delinquent behavior. Jessness inventory and Media socialisation questionnaire were administered to a sample of 120 juvenile delinquents from observation homes. The obtained data were subjected to Pearson's product moment correlation. The result revealed that Pro-social media values were found to be negatively and significantly correlated, however, the antisocial media values were positively correlated with delinquent behavior in a significant manner. Future implications for the present study were also discussed.
Pages: 331-335
Mansi Giridhar Karajgaonkar (Department of Psychology, Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra)

Hypertension is defined as raised blood pressure values in general population than normal. The values vary with age, up to the age of 40 normal values are 140/90 mm of Hg. From 40 to 70 years of age the normal values are 160/94 mm of Hg . And from more than 70 years of age are 170/98 mm of Hg. To study the effect of AUMkaar meditation in a group of 80 cases selected. The age group was from 20 years and above, and 40 males and 40 females were studied by pre and post design, and paired t test was used to study the effect of AUMkaar meditation techniques on hypertension. When using the AUM kaar meditation in the personal practice it consciously cultivates the awareness of the levels of one's own internal states. By contrast, the use of AUMkaar meditation with the levels of gross, subtle, causal, and absolute reality has more of a focus which results in the one awareness. One experiences that the four aspects of AUM, the vibration of the universe, the object that goes with AUM mantra, the flow with the breath, and the countless pulsings of the gross and subtle, are all manifestations of that one great vibration that is represented by OM mantra. Also, it is easiest to begin by remembering the mantra very slowly. With practice, it moves more quickly, as attention longs to rest in the silence. The mind becomes calm and the body relaxes. It allows the mind to stay wide awake and alert. On the basis of the research findings and present study, one can say that after AUMKAAR (Omkaar) meditation technique is practiced the reduction of hypertension is observed which in turn increases the feeling of happiness in one's day to day life.
Pages: 336-339
Damanjit Sandhu and Damanjeet Kaur (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University Patiala)

The primary purpose of this study was to examine the gender differences in adolescent identity formation across the four identity statuses (identity achievement, moratorium, foreclosure and diffusion). The participants were comprised of 200 girls and 200 boys of age ranging between 15-17 years from the urban schools of Patiala. The study was conducted using the Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status-2 (EOMEIS-2) by Bennion and Adams, 1986. The t-test analysis conducted between both the genders and the four identity statuses revealed significant gender differences across all the four identity statuses. Also, the mean scores illustrated that girls were high on identity achievement and foreclosure as compared to boys and the boys were high on identity diffusion and moratorium in comparison to girls. The study contributed to Indian literature in adolescent identity formation by exploring four statuses and gender differences in adolescents which helped in throwing light on the current scenario of Punjab.
Pages: 340-345
Mala Sharma (Department of Geography, GCW, Rohtak)

The process of brisk urbanization in the last few decades has been responsible for continuous increase in total urban population. It is generally agreed that the process of urban growth is highly associated with direct and indirect growth of non-primary activities. Urbanization moved at a faster pace than industrialization resulting in a direct shift from agriculture to service. Tertiary sector expanded faster than the secondary sector. The fast developing economic and social situations, favoring migration of population, conscious aspiration of social change, association between industrialization and urbanization all demand that functions of towns should be investigated. Most of the towns generally have multiple functions but all of them may not be equally important. Some of them may be very significant and others not so significant. Therefore, it becomes necessary to identify the group of significant functions which represent the functional characteristics of an area.
Pages: 346-351
Abdul Azeez. E.P (Department of Social Work, School of Social Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan)

Social Capital is the most crucial asset which significantly enthralls the efficacy and resilience of any community. Social capital is a dependent variable and it depends up on the competence and coherence of the individuals in the community and mode of social relationships, trust and networks they maintain. It's one of the most sustainable social resources that originate from human relations and have end on the mutual support of people. Utilization of Social capital has a wide applicability in the process of social inclusion, especially in dealing with the vulnerable and disadvantaged sections in the community itself. Voluntary organizations are very keen to make utilize the social capital for community/social services and community development in a sustainable manner. Community based deinstitutionalized Palliative Care is one of the foremost among such organizations that made social capital in a strategic way for social inclusion and community well being. This paper analyses the extend which different elements of social capital helps in initiating the sustainable community based palliative care movement by assessing the unique intervention strategies carried out by the palliative cares. This paper explores conceptual questions of how social capital and voluntary community based services are correlated. A case study method was adopted for the study in which ten palliative care units were analyzed in relation with the role of social capital in the palliative care movement. The results show that a number of social capital elements are playing a vital role in the sustainability of community palliative care movement in Kerala.
Pages: 352-356
Mamta Chhirang (G. S. S. S., KOT, Panchkula, Haryana)
Dalbir Singh Saini (District Social Welfare, Rohtak, Haryana)

The present study is designed to investigate into various aspects of teacher effectiveness and the effect role conflict on it. This study is a Comparative Study of Teacher's Effectiveness among Government and Private Teachers in Relation to Role Conflict. The present study was conducted on a sample of 200 teachers who are working in government and private school and colleges. Age range of teachers in 25-50. The sample was collected from the Hisar, Rohtak and Siwani Districts of State Haryana. Teacher Effectiveness Scale and Role Conflict Scale are used for data collection. In the present study, Mean, S.D., T-Test, Pearson Product Moment several basic statistical measures were used for describing and analyzing mass data in a meaningful way. (i) Mean and SDs were worked out to describe the nature of data. (ii) 't' test was applied to test the significance of different groups. (iii) to study the relationship between different variables, co-efficient of correlation was worked out. The findings indicated that Role conflict is negatively correlated with Academic achievement, professional management, social area. Role conflict is positively correlated with emotional aspect, moral aspect, personality.
Pages: 357-359
Vijay Viegas (AbbéFaria P. G. Department of Psychology, St. Xaviers College, Mapusa, Goa)
Shanmukh V. Kamble (Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Psychology, Karnatak University, Dharwad)

The present study titled 'Self-efficacy and Psychological Skill Usage among Professional Sports players in Goa' was intended to study the relationship betweenself-efficacy and psychological skill usage among professional sports players and to understand whether the age of professional sports players influences their self-efficacy and psychological skill usage. The objectives of the study were; to investigate whether self-efficacy of professional sport players is significantly and positively related to their psychological skill usage;to investigate whether there exists significant difference in self-efficacyand psychological skill usage with regard to age. The study was conducted on a sample of 237 professional sports players (between the agegroup of 15-45 years). The tools used for data collection comprised of the Mindfulness-based Self-Efficacy Scale - Revised (MSES-R) by Bruno A. Cayoun., (2012)and Test of Performance Stratégies (TOPS) by Thomas et al. (1999). The tools used for statistical analysis were Karl Pearson's Product Moment Correlation and ANOVA (One Way Analysis of Variance).The findings of the study revealed significant positive correlation between self-efficacy and psychological skill usage, significant age differences were also found in the levels of self-efficacy and psychological skill usage among professional sports players.
Pages: 360-363
Sandeep (Department of Education, University of Delhi, Delhi)
Manvi Arora (Department of Education, University of Delhi, Delhi)

This paper aims at exploring the usefulness of social science and it's teaching as critical pedagogy and transaction of values in Indian classrooms. It gives a brief background of social science pedagogy and its linkages with value education in critical manner. In modern times, the responsibility of socializing a child lays to a great extent, outside the community with school also. School successfully socializes the child and enculture them into the value system of society and value education acts as one of the tools. Value Education is often criticized of preaching prescribed and fixed norms. Hence, arise the pressing need to re-contextualize and reframe the basics of Value Education using Social Science as a pedagogic tool for inculcating Values. Values embedded in society have deep impact on life of a community. Social Science, as a discipline, provides a socio-cultural, political, economic and environmental lens to understand various dimensions of society contextualized in its past as well as present. Social Science asks students to critically reflect and assess the practices embedded in societal structures and processes. The questions that this study aimed to explore were: Are we really investing in children a critical moral and mental energy to make them alert to the social forces that threaten these values? Is there a contrast in our aims and our current practices in the name of Social Science pedagogy or is it successfully inculcating 'desired values'.
Pages: 318-322
H. L. Kaila (Retired Professor, SNDT Womens University, Mumbai)
Kshipra Vora (Abbé Faria P.G. Department of Psychology, St. Xaviers College, Mapusa, Goa)

Parenting style is considered to be an important determinant of several aspects of children's outcomes and the current research aims to study the impact of phases of adolescence on perceived parenting. Convenient sampling procedure was employed to obtain a total sample of 450 adolescents (225 males and 225 females) from the north and south districts of Goa, who were administered a personal data sheet, Parenting Scale by R. L. Bharadwaj, H. Sharma, and A. Garg, Mental Health Battery by A. K. Singh & Alpana Sengupta and Rao's Social Maturity Scale by Nalini Rao. The data obtained was statistically analyzed using one way analysis of variance and post hoc anova to arrive at statistical conclusions. Results revealed significant differences as a function of phases of adolescence on overall perceived parenting and in dimensions of rejection v/s acceptance, carelessness v/s protection, and lenient standards v/s moralism and freedom v/s discipline. Urgent and need based implications for parenting and adolescent are hence arrived at.
Pages: 371-373
Shilpa Singh and Archana Shukla (Department of Psychology, Lucknow University, Lucknow, UP)

The present research aims to study the level of optimism among institutionalized male and female elderly. For the purpose, a study was conducted on a purposive sample consisting of 200 elderly (62-72 yrs.) staying in various institutionalized homes of Delhi. The Hindi version of the Life Orientation Test-Revised (or Optimism Scale) by Schrier and Carver (1985) was used for the present study. An overview of the results depicted that a major section of the elderly population under study had high level of optimism. Gender differences were observed as females were found to be more optimistic as compared to males.
Pages: 374-377
Kirandeep Kaur, Shubhdip Kaur and Damanjit Sandhu (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab)

Cyber bullying is an aggressive act or behaviour that is carried out using electronic means by a group or an individual repeatedly over time against a victim who cannot easily defend himself or herself. The present investigation focused upon gauging the impact of cyber bullying on adolescent's (within the age range of 13 to 16 years) mental health and over all wellbeing. The study also aimed to explore gender differences in cyber bullying victimization. At first the subjects were screened for possible cyber bullying victimization. Later focus group discussions were conducted with adolescents having the experiences of cyber victimization. The results showed that cyber bullying tends to have detrimental effects on the physical, mental, emotional and social health of adolescent pupils, and it has far reaching negative impact on their overall wellbeing. Further, both boys and girls may have equal chances of being targeted by the cyber bullies.
Pages: 378-383
Mohammadmehdi Heydari (Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh)

Migrant Muslims settled in Manimajra area tend to maintain their identity through a number of identity-maintaining-mechanisms like language, clothing, eating habits, forms of recreation as well as behaviour during festivals. Another aspect of their identity would be reflected in the position of their women folk and their interrelationships with members of the other religions communities like Hindus, Sikhs and Christians. The mechanisms of identity as ascribed and adopted over periods of time in any given space. In the case of Chandigarh [as also seen globally] the advent of the Muslims was for the purpose of economic and religious propagation in this region. Once the city had begun coming up, the rural population was either displaced or it had migrated en masse to other areas. Some of them opted to continue staying in the vicinity of their earlier homes. The newer settlements were planned but some of the older rural parts continued to thrive in their earlier neighbourhoods. The identity of the migrants and the initial inhabitants had certain promotive and propagative elements. The significance of their collective desire for sustainably maintaining their identity is reflective of their fear of getting lost in the crowd.
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