Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 666-671
Pooja S. Bhat (Department of Agricultural and Rural Management, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)
T. N. Venkata Reddy and P. K. Mandanna (Department of Agricultural Marketing, Co-operation and Business Management, University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bengaluru, Karnataka)

Among the many factors accountable for the rapid rise in the restaurant sector, urbanization, increasing nuclear families, changing routines, escalation in the number of dual income households play a far more domineering role. Global cuisines have now become a household phenomenon, given that many consumers now resort to fine dining wherein the consumers not just want to go and eat out. Taste, flavor, texture, safety, warmth, health, freshness, delicacy, fast, convenient, liking, locational attribute, enjoyment, international dining experience, nutritional value, easy accessibility, service promptness, affordable price, portion sizes, speed, ingredients, packaging, attitude of the staff, additional information, satisfaction levels, opening hours, accuracy in billing, design of the restaurant, salty, quality of the food, healthfulness, brand, outstanding reputation, patronization, menu variety, hunger satisfying, dietary diversity are some of the reasons cited by the consumers for the consumption of outside foods. The paper highlights reviews dealing with the consumption pattern of outside foods of consumers from the year 1996 to the year 2014.The study highlights the various aspects of the consumption pattern of outside foods, frequency of consumption, commonly consumed foods, time spent, expenditure per visit along with the reasons and choices for the preferences towards outside foods.

Pages: 678-680
Mukti Clarence and Tony Sam George (Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bengaluru, Karnataka)

The relation between spirituality and subjective well-being was measured in 176 (56= male, 120= female) college teachers from four Catholic college teachers of Bangalore. Teachers rated their own spirituality using the Spiritual Competence Scale (Sing & Premrajan, 2007). Teachers' subjective well-being was measured using self-report based on the Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener, 1985) and Positive Affect and Negative Affective Scale (Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988). Scales scores were computed by using spss-20 version. Correlation and simple linear regression were carried out. Results revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between spirituality and subjective well-being and also subjective well-being can be explained by spirituality.

Pages: 685-687
Seema Bajaj and Mohd Ayub (Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi)

This study was conducted on n=200 college students both male and female (17-21 years) from college located in Malerkotla, Dist. Sangrur, Punjab region to find out relationship between emotional intelligence and adjustment of college students using standardized tests by descriptive survey method. Basic information sheet, emotional intelligence scale, adjustment inventory was used to collect the data. Data was processed and appropriate statistical analysis was carried out. The following are the key findings from the above study: it shows that There is negative significance correlation between the following variables:- Emotional Intelligence and Adjustment r= -0.564** (Home, Health, Social, & Educational), which shows that the students who have high emotional intelligence have better adjustment in their life which is very much useful for achieving success in life.

Pages: 691-693
Durga Menon (Department of Psychology, Montfort College, Bengaluru, Karnataka)
Neha Parashar (Sampurna Institute of Advanced Studies, Bengaluru, Karnataka)

The main objective of this study is to identify the possible role of social networking sites in the development of the ideal self. A study was conducted in which samples of 8 adolescents were interviewed regarding their usage of a social networking site (facebook) and the development of their ideal self. Data was derived using a semi structured interview which was analysed using thematic analysis. The global themes that were drawn from the study were futuristic thinking of career options, development of an image of recognition and creation of a better self for the future. The results tried establishing that social; networking sites aid in the development of certain aspects of the self. The implications of this study includes looking at the technological aspect that could impact self-development, understanding the repercussions of the in congruency between the real self and the ideal self, and assessing the impact these repercussions could have on mental health.

Pages: 696-699
Mukta Mrinalini (Clinical Psychologist, Mental Health Unit, Department of Women Child Development, Delhi)
Shweta Singh (Department of Psychiatry, KGMU, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is one of the common mental disorders with which youth are being affected. Even though people understand the symptoms of OCD they are not aware how to manage the obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors. We present management of a case of young adult Muslim female with religious obsessions and cleaning compulsions by using Cognitive Behavior Therapy. The patient reported to Psychiatry OPD, KGMU with the complaints of excessive cleaning compulsions especially while performing religious rituals since last six years. She was not willing to seek pharmacological treatment, hence was managed by Cognitive Behavoir Therapy which included Cognitive Therapy and Exposure Response Prevention. The 45 minute sessions were scheduled twice weekly for one month and once weekly for the next two months. In addition follow up sessions were also planned. As the therapy progressed, the patient reported improvement in terms of her clinical condition and her general well being. There was 80-85 % improvement according to the patient and her mother. Cognitive Behavior Therapy done by integrating ERP and Cognitive Therapy proved to be beneficial for treating the religious obsessions and cleanining compulsions in a young adult female with chronic OCD but also helped to improve her general well-being.

Pages: 707-713
Amandeep Kaur (Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab)

The objectives of this study were to assess adherence to selection criteria in the recruitment of ASHA workers, to assess of their awareness regarding their roles and responsibilities and to assess their performance against their job descriptions in Malwa region of Punjab state, India. For the present study, two districts, the district Patiala and the district Sangrur has been selected from the Malwa region of Punjab, on the basis of high focusing and non-high focusing districts. Thirteen Community Health Centres has been selected from two Districts. A total one hundred thirty (ASHA workers) respondents has selected for the purpose of study. Primary data has collected with the help of interview schedule. The seven blocks of district Sangrur and six blocks of district Patiala were visited to conduct interview, focused group discussion and observation. Interview schedule prepared to get the views of ASHA workers regarding National Health Mission. Data collected through interview schedule has supplemented through observation. In order to have a deep insight into the feedback of respondents towards the scheme, it becomes necessary to deal with the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents include age, education, caste and family income. ASHA workers predominantly involved in certain task: knowledge about medicine kit, knowledge about Ante Natal Checkup and Post Natal Checkup, awareness about the Newborn Care, accompanying of ASHA worker with women at Hospital, registered Case under Asha Worker, knowledge regarding various component of Mother and Child health. Conclusion ASHA workers were largely recruited as per pre-set selection criteria with regard to age, education, family status, income, and residence. ASHA workers were found to be functional in some areas with scope for improvement in others. The role of ASHA workers was perceived to be more of a link worker and facilitator rather than a community health worker.

Pages: 717-720
Bijoyeta Das (Department of Psychology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam)

The family is a complex and dynamic institution in India, and for many decades, several studies were carried out to understand this complexity. Few studies indicate that family plays a vital role on the adjustment level of individual. Adolescent girls are believed to go through critical time of life when important decisions are made that could dramatically impact the future trajectory of lives: for example, about marriage or whether to stay in school. The Present study was conducted to find out the role of adjustment in female adolescents of Nuclear and Joint families in Darjeeling District. Descriptive Survey Method was used for collecting data using personal information Schedule developed by the investigator. Bell Adjustment Inventory was also used for this purpose. The sample Comprised of randomly selected 30 adolescents (15 from nuclear & 15 from Joint families) studying in classes XI and XII of CBSE Schools in Darjeeling district. The aim of the study was to find out the overall adjustment level of female adolescents in nuclear and joint families. Adolescents were taken from both hills and plains area of the District. The statistical analysis of the study would be done by using SD to measure the co-efficient of correlation and t-test to measure the scores of the sample.

Pages: 724-729
Fatima Islahi (Centre for Womens Studies, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh)

Work and family are the two most important aspects in women's lives. Women have always played a pivotal role in the family catering to all the requirements of household. With the changing facets of modern society, on account of rapid industrialization and globalization, the role and responsibilities of women have attained a new perspective. More and more women are entering the workforce and have to balance the competing demands of both work and family. This has lead to an increasing concern regarding the implication of work on women's health and well-being. This paper aims to discuss well-being among women in relation to their work. A modified version of BBC Subjective Well-being Scale was used on a sample of 200 women comprising 100 working and 100 non working women. Correlation analysis and t-test were employed to analyze the data. Overall, working and non working women exhibited significantly different levels of well-being. Variations were also noticed with respect to different factors. Dual responsibilities at home and workplace might make a women financially secure but in the age of nuclear families this is infusing psychological problems among working women.

Pages: 735-739
Parvinder Kaur, Sarita Saini, and Deepika Vig (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

The present study intends to investigate the interplay among metacognition, learning environment and self-regulation as determinant of adolescent academic achievement. Metacognition, self-regulation and favourable learning environment are being acknowledged to have potential impact on the academic achievement of learners. Therefore, it is worthwhile to investigate these components in educational context and explore their contribution towards the academic performance of adolescents. The statistical population of this research consisted of 400 respondents (equally distributed over gender & locale) drawn from randomly selected Government Senior Secondary Schools of urban and rural areas of Ludhiana and Moga districts of Punjab. Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (Schraw & Dennison, 1994); Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (Roff et al., 1997); and Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Brown et al., 1999) were used to collect the relevant information from the respondents as per the objectives of the study. The results revealed that metacognition, self-regulation and perceptions pertaining to overall learning environment were significantly positively contributing towards the academic achievement of respondents.

Pages: 745-747
Freda Cota E Pereira (Department of Psychology, M.E.S College of Arts & Commerce, Zuarinagar-Goa)
V. R. Shinde (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharastra)

This research study attempts to observe the impact of Psychological Interventions on decreasing anxiety among adolescents. In order to achieve this objective, Sinha's and Sinha's Anxiety Scale was administered on 200 undergraduate students from colleges of Goa. The adolescents who are in need of Psychological Interventions were identified on the basis of pre-test scores determined in the scale. On the basis of the obtained data, adolescents were than divided into experimental and control groups. Psychological Intervention were provided to those identified adolescent's of experimental group, over a period of one year. Later post-test data is collected from both the groups of adolescents. Further, paired 't'-test was applied to observe the impact of Psychological Intervention on the above data. The results of anxiety scores revealed that the obtained 't' value (13.44) is very highly significant (p<0.001). Hypothesis stating that there will be a significant reduction in anxiety, among Goan Adolescents after going through Psychological Interventions is proved through this paper.

Pages: 752-757
Rajesh Dahiya (Department of Extension Education and Communication Management, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)
Saroj Yadav (Department of Textile and Apparel Designing I.C. College of Home Science CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

Cotton, paddy and wheat are major crops grown in Haryana and for these crops various agricultural operations like transplanting, weeding, harvesting, picking and post harvesting are performed by women. They face numerous health problems while performing these tasks. These problems can be overcome by using protective clothing. Front line demonstrations are most powerful tools in communication of new ideas, methods and techniques. Hence the present study was conducted in major cotton, paddy and vegetables growing areas of Bhattu, Fatehabad, and Ratia blocks from Fatehabad district. Interventions about cotton made protective accessories were provided to farm women in peak seasons of respective crop. Intervention package was well blend combination of protective gloves, pick bag for cotton and vegetable picking, four types of cotton made masks i.e. beak mask, pleated mask, hood mask and scarf mask, along with demonstrations, motivational lectures and print literatures. The results of the study highlighted that health hazards were reduced with the use of protective gloves in vegetable and cotton picking like cuts and wounds in hands (61.67%), blisters (58.33%) and skin allergies (56.67%), respectively. Performance evaluation was assessed for both the methods i.e. conventional as well as recommended interventions. Work efficiency and income was found increased by (30.90 %) and (30.30%) in vegetable and cotton picking. Masks of cotton cambric fabric were found most suitable in terms of easy to use, face coverage and protection from dust (M.S. 2.68) followed by masks made with cotton hosiery fabric (M.S. 2.52) and cotton poplin (M.S. 2.34), respectively. Perceived Adoption Feasibility Index was found 84.92 percent in terms of four attributes namely relative advantage (91.78%), compatibility (92.78%), simplicity complexity (74.83%) and triability (80.28 %), respectively.

Pages: 761-769
Narayanan Annalakshmi (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)
Murugesan Venkatesan (Indian Institute of Foreign Trade Deemed to be University, New Delhi)

The present study attempts to examine the types of discrimination experienced by students in higher education and the relationship between discrimination and psychological factors. The sample consists of 1645 students pursuing undergraduate, postgraduate and research programs in colleges and university in a mid-sized city in south India. The age of the sample ranged from 18 to 40 years. The participants completed self-report measures of discrimination, John Henryism, general self-efficacy, familialism, intentions to persist, state-trait anxiety, and physical symptoms. A couple of open-ended items to capture specific discriminatory experiences of students were also included in discrimination scale. ANOVA and regressions were carried out to analyze the quantitative data, and thematic analysis was done on the qualitative data. The findings show that male students reported higher discrimination from peer and teachers compared to female students. Perceived discrimination positively predicted intention to persist, John Henryism, state anxiety, trait anxiety, and physical symptoms but negatively predicted self-efficacy among students. Self-efficacy mediated the association between discrimination and state anxiety. Familialism mediated the relationship between discrimination and John Henryism. The first-generation and continuing-generation students did not differ with regard to peer discrimination. However, continuing-generation students reported higher levels of teacher discrimination compared to first-generation students. Qualitative data suggest that first-generation students experienced discrimination, domination, social exclusion, social comparisons and bullying. The findings highlight the urgent need to address issues of discrimination among students in higher education.

Pages: 773-775
Saurabh Srivastava (Amity Institute of Behavioural and Allied Sciences Amity University, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)
Archana Shukla (Department of Psychology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pardesh)

The aim of the present study was to cast a glance on the perceived psychosocial issues among Higher Secondary students. 50 higher secondary students (25 boys & 25 girls) age ranged 15 years to 17 years were selected through purposive sampling from government schools, Lucknow city. For access psychosocial issues students were asked to rate any five significant issues related to their life. Content analysis of the obtained data was done, and percentages were computed. Results revealed that higher secondary students face lots of psychosocial issues like lack of applied orientation in academics, relationship dilemmas related to family, peer group and dissatisfaction from their physical appearance. Gender differences emerged as girls faced more academics and psychological issues than boys.