Indian Journal of Positive Psychology

Page: 318-325
Omid Karimi1, Yaser Zarei2, Zahra Zarei3, and Fatemeh Rahimi4 (Department of Teacher of Chabahar Education, Yazd University of Science and Art, Iran1, Department of Teacher of Chabahar Education, Master of Educational Management, Arsanjan Azad University, Iran2, Department of Educational Sciences, Undergraduate Student of Elementary Education, Arsanjan Azad University, Iran3, Department of Persian the Literature, Literature Teacher of Arsanjan Education Department, Iran4)

The aim of this study was to predict test anxiety based on learning and motivation styles in high school students. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The study population included high school students in Shiraz who were selected by purposive sampling. Exam anxiety questionnaires, learning styles and motivation were used to measure the variables. Pearson correlation coefficient and simultaneous linear regression were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the whole regression model for predicting test anxiety based on subscales of learning styles was significant. Also, the results showed that predicting test anxiety based on motivational styles inversely and significantly could predict 20% of the variance of test anxiety.

Page: 333-339
Hossein Mahmoudi1, Hassan Heidari2, and Mansour Abdi3 (Department of Psychology, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran1, Department of Counseling, Khomein Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomein, Iran2, and Department of Psychology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Arak University, Arak, Iran3)

The present study was conducted with the general title and purpose of examining the relationship between personality traits (excitement, assertiveness, & psychological toughness), religious attitude and marital satisfaction with drug addiction readiness in men and women in Arak. The study population included all married men and women in Arak in 2011 that had at least two years of marital experience, a maximum of 45 years of age and were literate at the cycle level. The research sample consisted of 400 people (including 200 females & 200 males) who were sampled. These questionnaires include: Addiction Readiness Assessment Scale (APS) (Zargar, 2006); Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale 47 items (Sanaei & Alaqmand, 1999); Allport Religious Attitude Scale (ROS) (Mokhtari, 2000); Kubas Psychological Hardiness Scale (Kiamarsi, 2007); Existence Measurement Scale (ASA) (Shahni Yilagh, 2009); and Zaker Man Excitement Scale (quoted by Hassanzadeh, 2009). There was no relationship between psychological toughness and readiness for addiction in women, but there is an inverse relationship between men and with increasing toughness, readiness for addiction decreases. There was a significant direct relationship between the means of existence and readiness for addiction in women, but no relationship was seen in men. Also, due to the inconsistency of the findings of the present study with the findings of other countries in the fields of emotion seeking and psychological toughness, it is suggested that the quality of excitement and toughness and scales for measuring these variables be considered as future research topics by researchers.

Page: 346-350
Ayesha Khan and Shah Mohd. Khan (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh)

The present study seeks to uncover the important determinants and correlates of women's psychological well-being in terms of ethical decision making and openness to change. A sample of 250 working and non-working women aged between 25-40 years was studied. The results of the study revealed the significant negative relationships of openness to change and psychological well-being with ethical decision making. Openness to change and psychological well-being also emerged as significant predictors of ethical decision making. The moderate to large amount of effect size observed through regression models. Conclusion drawn and implication of the study suggested.

Page: 362-366
Aroonmalini Boruah1 and Neeta Kalita Barua2 (Centre for Studies in Applied Psychology, Dibrugarh University, Assam1 and Department of Education, Dibrugarh University, Assam2)

The aim of this research is to view the process of ageing from a positive perspective and be aware of the factors associated with it. Research evidences claim that better and higher education along with continuous brain activity, have been found to be important determinants of successful ageing. An effort was thus made to examine whether the teachers of Dibrugarh University, Assam, who are at a high social stage as well as level of education were ageing successfully or not. The Successful Ageing Scale (SAS) based on four models of successful ageing has been used in the study to collect data. The quantitative analyses of the data collected by the tool used (SAS) suggest that the senior teachers of Dibrugarh University, who were the sample of the study, perceived themselves to be ageing successfully. All the teachers of the selected sample have shown the indicators of successful ageing, irrespective of their gender. Being in the field of education and being involved with the younger generation, have given them opportunities for participation in both physical and mental activities which are important for positive health and well-being at the later age (Menec, 2003). This understanding of the participation of older adult learners as a whole in educational activities and its link to successful ageing is useful for the understanding of education gerontology, lifelong learning and continuing education practice and research.

Page: 372-378
Leila Yousefipour and Shahram Nouri Samarin (Department of Psychology, Dezfoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dezfoul, Iran)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of reality therapy training on increasing responsibility and reducing feelings of loneliness in students of Islamic Azad University, Dezful Branch. A quasi-experimental method with pre- test and post-test, control and follow up designs were employed. The statistical population included all students studying at the Islamic Azad University of Dezful in the academic year 2020-2021. The sample group consisted of 30 subjects who were purposefully selected based on entry and exit criteria and were randomly divided into two groups of 15 people (experimental & control) and then the experimental group for 7 sessions of 90 minutes undergoing reality therapy training, and the control group did not receive any intervention. The experimental and control groups were evaluated before and after the interventions using the Responsibility and Loneliness Questionnaire. To analyze the data obtained, a multivariate analysis and a covariance analysis were used. The results showed an increase in responsibility score and a decrease in loneliness in the experimental group compared to the control group in the post-test phase. Since the reality therapy training program within a group leads to increase responsibility as well as to decrease the feeling of loneliness in the students, it can be used as a helpful and efficient program for students.

Page: 385-387
Mushahid, Ilhaam1 and Khan, Shah Muhammad2 (Family Counsellor, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh1, Department of Psychology, A.M.U. Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh2)

In this article, Researchers made an attempt to examine the role of marriage and family type in understanding flow among dual career couples. A representative sample of 200 dual career couples comprised the sample of this study. The mean age of the couples was 36.68 years. Minimum age was 25 years and maximum was 54 years. Love marriage couples and couples from nuclear family had higher flow mean score than arrange marriage and joint family couples. The results revealed that there was a highly significant difference for flow based on types of marriage and family type. Implication of the study stated and suggestion for future research proposed.

Page: 392-396
Sharmistha Chakroborty and Nutan Vohra (Department of Psychology, Acharya Narendra Dev Nagar Nigam Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Kanpur CSJM University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh)

College life, an eagerly awaited time for every student, is also immensely influential because of the wide variety of experiences typically gathered during this phase. Along with an emerging social identity, the young students also face the challenge of adapting to greater social responsibilities as well as achievement of their social, emotional and aspirational needs. Given this scenario, a question worth investigating is, what can make the college students more adept at handling the various demands of life. Research evidence points to the fact that early attachment experiences and later affiliative bonds influence the success of this process. In this milieu, the present study investigated whether there exists a relationship between social safeness and resilience among 60 (30 male & 30 female) undergraduate college students using Social Safeness and Pleasure Scale (Gilbert et al., 2009) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 25 (Connors & Davidson, 2003). The results revealed that social safeness and resilience are positively related amongst the college students. Social safeness was also found to be a positive predictor of resilience.

Page: 403-406
Pomi Mahanta, Sonia P. Deuri, and H. Sobhana (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, LGB Regional Institute of Mental Health (Govt. of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare), Tezpur, Assam)

Adolescence is a period of transition that bridges two important life stages-childhood and adulthood. It is a period of biological, psychological and social changes. Disturbed family dynamics, peer pressure, inability to cope with studies, drug abuse, lack of competence and social pressures can accentuate the stress levels of adolescents. Equipping adolescents with life skills can help them to cope with the problems more effectively. Life skills Education (LSE) is hardly given credence in the most of the regular school curriculum across India. Introduction of LSE will prevent adverse impacts of the various psychosocial problems of adolescents and also help in reducing their occurrence. The objective of this review paper is to understand life skills and explore the significance of LSE programme. Articles related to life skills and adolescents, implementation of LSE program and health promotion using life skills were searched. Search engines Pub Med, Science Direct, PsychInfo, Research Gate were used to extract related articles. Relevant article were collected and reviewed. Results: Life skills have significant impact in the overall development of the adolescents. LSE helps adolescents for better adjustment with teachers and peers and increased coping, self esteem and pro-social behaviour. Introducing life skills in the early stage of adolescence will aid in the development of better psychosocial competence and skills. Introduction of LSE programme as a part of School Mental Health Program (SMHP) needs to be emphasized. It should also be included in the curriculum from the primary to higher secondary levels.

Pages:204-210
Edward Hoffman1, Ahrisue Choi2, and Kristin Mari Bongcaras3 (Department of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA1, Child Mind Institute New York, NY, USA2 and Department of Psychology, University of San Carlos, Cebu, Philippines3)

Growing research shows tourism as a contributor to personality growth. In this study, 217 native Filipino adults (mean age=22.7 years) were prompted to describe experiences of “wonderful happiness” during travel and indicate the travel purpose, when and where their peak-experience occurred, its catalyst and intensity, whether they were alone, and subsequent impact on their view of life. Additionally, they were asked if travel had ever facilitated problem-solving or decision-making and how. Nearly 83% reported a peak-experience involving travel. Peaks involving interpersonal joy were most frequent, followed by nature, personal growth, serenity/mindfulness, culture/aesthetics, culinary delight, skill mastery, external achievement, and materialism. More than 70% reported “very” or “extremely” intense peak-experiences, and 92.8% reported that it impacted their view of life. Over 80% who experienced a peak affirmed that travel aided decision-making. The implications of these findings for understanding growth aspects of travel are discussed, and future avenues of research are highlighted.

Pages:216-222
Meetu Khosla and Yashi Goel (Department of Psychology, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi)

India has a pluralistic system where people with mental health problems consult different local systems of healing, which can include Indian medicine (AYUSH), allopathic services, and folk or faith healing systems. These systems operate in parallel and there is limited collaboration between them. This study aimed at comparing the beliefs and attitudes towards traditional healing methods with the modern medical treatment procedures to understand their advantages and limitations and possibilities for collaboration. In-depth interviews using open-ended questionnaires (Khosla & Das, 2019) were conducted to know in detail about the motivations, attitudes, values, cultural beliefs and the rituals etc. of the traditional healers, medical practitioners and people seeking treatment from both. The traditional healers were from rural parts of Uttar Pradesh and the medical practitioner is employed in a hospital in urban area of Mumbai. Content analysis of the data was done and common themes that emerge provide an insight into the functioning of the traditional healing practices. The findings provide valuable inputs to develop integrative interventions combining traditional healing methods and medical treatment procedures in the best possible way for effective and holistic healing of the patients.