IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review
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Pages: 456-460 Personal effectiveness in life is possibly a key issue for all individuals and every individual seeks for effectiveness at every stage of life i.e. as a student at school/college, as a professional at workplace and as child, parent, or grandparent at home. However, personal effectiveness is an intact aspect in the life of military personnel as it does not affect him at personal level rather a whole nation is being affected by it. The higher level of internal locus of control could have significantly impact on increased personal effectiveness. Outcomes of personal effectiveness in a military person's life are best reflects at the time of maturity of his service. Thus, aim of the present paper is to explore the role of locus of control and personal effectiveness among military personnel approaching job maturity. To explore this relationship, standardized psychological tools pertaining to personal effectiveness and locus of control were administered on a group of 100 military jawans belong to different units/regiments and were near to maturity of their service. It is expected that defense personnel with significantly higher personal effectiveness have internal locus of control. Whereas, on the other hand individuals with lower personal effectiveness accepts that external issues control or determine success. Inter-correlations were computed and stepwise multiple regression was applied, and the results are interpreted in the light of the Indian military context. |
Pages: 461-466 Alcohol consumption is the world's a risk factor for disease and disability. Haryana has the highest per capita consumption in the country. Alcoholism is a severe and chronic disease which brings entire series of negative effects, both in physical and the mental health of a patient. Substance use has been a research topic of interest to many researchers in different areas. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between personality traits with adjustment among 150 adult alcoholics in drug-de addiction center in Haryana state, India by using incidental sampling technique. Adult alcoholics answered the NEO questionnaire (Costa & McCrae, 1992) and The Bell Adjustment Inventory (adapted in Hindi by Hussain's, 1969). The data were subjected to Pearson's Product Moment method of correlation and Regression analysis. The result explains that adjustment significantly associated with Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. The results of stepwise regression showed that personality jointly accounts for 48% of the variance (R2=48) in alcoholic's Adjustment problems. Adjustment problems among alcoholics i.e. Neuroticism (N) accounts for 41% and Extraversion (E) accounts for 7% of variance in adjustment problems significant at .01 level of probability. Results show that personality is the significant predictors of Adjustment. |
Pages: 467-468 China has been one of the fastest growing major economies of the world since last decade or so. It has excelled in the manufacturing sector and played a major role in global trade. But, the current slowdown in Chinese economy is worrisome since its impact is being felt on the global trade. The article focuses upon the reasons for economic slowdown in Chinese economy, its impact on major economies of the world and the threats and opportunities it presents for India. |
Pages: 469-472 The number of elderly with concomitant psychiatric illness is on the rise in India. This would create severe challenges for the mental institutions of the country in coming decades. This paper proposes CBT group therapy can be a viable solution to these upcoming challenges. The paper further examines the empirical base for CBT group therapy, & challenges it faces. This paper in lieu of the anticipated rise in the psychiatric illness makes a recommendation of further investigating the applicability of applying CBT group therapy in Indian context. |
Pages: 473-479 Domestic violence can be described as the power misused by one adult in a relationship to control another. It is the establishment of control and fear in a relationship through violence and other forms of abuse. This violence can take the form of physical assault, psychological abuse, social abuse, financial abuse, or sexual assault. The frequency of the violence can be on and off, occasional or chronic. Abusers use physical and sexual violence, threats, emotional insults and economic deprivation as a way to dominate their victims and get their way”. |
Pages: 480-483 This paper explores the socio economic profile of abortion seekers and further examines the correlates and aftereffects of abortion .In this paper ,the researcher investigated the phenomenon by using interview and observation technique at Bulandshahar City .U.P.. The results revealed that majority of the respondents were Hindu and belonged to the age group of 25-30 years with mean age 30, were mostly OBC, well qualified with post graduate degree belonging to nuclear families. Majority of the respondents induced abortion for not accepting the unwanted child, failure in contraceptive, maintaining the gap between children, poverty, preference for son and building career were responsible factor for abortion. Awareness, education, poverty and nuclear family were important motivating factors for abortion. Another important finding is the spouse's support for abortion .Whereas, in majority of the cases, in-laws were against the abortion. On top of it, majority of the female respondents reported that after abortion they felt physically weak and mentally upset and distressed. |
Protection from the evil eye-through Nazar Butto: A symbolic analysis in anthropological perspective Pages: 484-488 In the present study entitled “Does Nazar Butto Protect from the Evil Eye? A Symbolic Analysis in Anthropological Perspective”anattempt has been made to know how people associate nazar butto with the evil eye. The main objectives of this research were to find out how people perceive Nazar Butto symbolically and how the people associate nazar butto with evil eye. A nazar buttocould be any object which the people think protects from the evil eye. This research would help to know about how villagers perceive superstitions when it is entered into the phase of development in terms of education level. The sample size consisted of 6 participants from village 23GB Anbalianwala, District Faisalabad, collected through snowball sampling technique. Case-study research method was used as a technique of data collection and tools used for data collection includes; in-depth interviews and observation. The results indicate that the villagers believe nazar butto is something that protect from the evil eye orthe bad evil. It consists of different objects as black handi (bean pot), black shoes, a piece of black cloth, and black ribbon but they mostly practice black handi for that purpose. |
Pages: 489-493 Traditionally Newspaper has always been known for its urban centric approach because generation of news, production of news and even circulation of news take place only in the cities. It is since less than two decades that newspapers which were earlier published from state capitals have started publishing from district capitals, hence reaching to the villages. Thanks to the economic liberalization which was timely coupled with revolution in information technology that facilitated the expansion of media. But TV was ahead of the Newspaper in welcoming the media haves into its net. Newspaper has only joined hands with TV to make them media literates. Now it is prudent to find out that how much newspapers gratify the needs of these neo-media literates |
Pages: 494-497 This study examined mental health in relation to parental encouragement among adolescents. The study was conducted on 100 adolescents of Patiala city in Punjab. 50 female and 50 male were taken randomly for this study. Tools used for this study were Mental Health Battery (MHB) by Arun Kumar Singh and Alpana Sen Gupta (2005) and Parental Encouragement Scale (PES) by Kusum Aggarwal (1999). Descriptive method of research was used to conduct the study. T-test and Pearson's product moment correlation was used for attaining the objectives of this study. After analysis of the result, it was found that the study revealed a significant positive relationship between mental health and parental encouragement of adolescents and there is no significant mean difference in mental health and parental encouragement in relation to gender, but male adolescents are mentally healthier than female adolescents and male adolescents receive more parental encouragement than female adolescents. |
Pages: 498-500 Academic achievement is a crucial goal for many students in this competitive age. The objective of this empirical study was to examine if academic achievement of 10th standard student was related to academic engagement, perceived support from friends and parents. Data were collected from 97 students in private schools in Imphal city (capital of Manipur) with the help of standardised measures of academic engagement and perceived support from friends and parents. Academic achievement was assessed by the marks obtained in Maths and English at the final exam. The results of the Karl Pearson Correlation showed that academic achievement in Maths was correlated positively and significantly with academic engagement and perception of support from parents but negatively with perceived support from friends. But academic achievement in English was not significantly correlated with perceived support from friends and parents. Academic engagement was positively correlated with English academic achievement. Academic achievement in Maths and English were not significantly correlated with the education of the mothers and the father. The findings may be useful for the policy makers and parents. |
Pages: 501-503 Compared to male and female gender, the transgender community faces a historical discrimination and disadvantage in the vocational areas of human life and continues even today. The present study explored the vocational status as well as the aspirations of the transgender community. As sample of 51 transgenders participated in the study and the results showed that, they infact had very similar vocational aspirations and dreams during their childhood, but when they grew up to become transgenders, their they ended in the traditionally branded despised professions meant for their community due to various discriminating factors of this society. The results further showed individual variations in their aspired professions and in their demographic spectrum. |
Pages: 504-507 The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of different personality and different dimensions of job satisfaction on life satisfaction of different school teachers selected from different school of Kolkata. 167 data were obtained from the school teachers of Kolkata. Satisfaction with Life Scale developed by Diener, Emmons, Larsen & Griffin (1985), Paula Lester's Teacher job satisfaction questionnaire (1982) and NEO five factor questionnaire developed by Costa & McCrae (1998) had been used in this study. Correlation results yielded significant relation between different personality traits and different dimensions of job satisfaction with life satisfaction. Findings revealed that neuroticism is negatively and significantly correlated with life satisfaction whereas conscientiousness is positively and significantly correlated with it. It indicates that the teachers who are highly satisfied with life are found to be less neurotic i.e. they are less anxious, impulsive and depressed or vice-versa. The present study also revealed that teachers with high life satisfaction are high on conscientiousness (competent, dutiful, achievement striving). Results also showed significant positive relationship of colleague, pay, work itself, advancement and security with life satisfaction. It means teachers who have good relation with colleagues, who are happy with their work and satisfied with their status, pay and security are more satisfied with life. |
Pages: 508-510 Life is a precious gem whose glitter depends upon the style we adopt. Today, in most developing nations the leading causes of illness and death have shifted from communicable diseases to those chronic diseases[ such as diabetes, heart attack, stroke, Asthma and depression] which are strongly linked with the personal life style. Youth is the most affected generation who is in the strong grip of ill-being. So it is a matter of great concern that one should focus on health promotion which is motivated by the desire to increase well-being and actualize human health potential. Life style appears to be be a vital marker of well- being. With this notion the researchers decided to explore the prevalence of life style and the level of well-being of youth, along with the anticipatory power of lifestyle with regard to well-being. A purposive sample of 200 youth aged 18-22 yrs old, both male and female was drawn from the various colleges of Rohtak city. Results revealed the healthy lifestyle and higher quality of well-being as maintained by the youth. Further regression analysis showed life style s as a potent predictor of well-being. |
Pages: 511-516 The present investigation endeavored to examine the various family typologies of Indian urban upper middle class society. Also, an attempt was made to ascertain the relationship between these family typologies and the values of the youth belonging to these families. For this purpose the study was conducted on around 1000 college students (age range 18-21 years). Out of these, 350 students (Males= 164 and Females= 195 ), belonging to upper middle class socio-economic status families and only to normal cohesive family typology were selected for further study. Results revealed that most of these Indian families emerged to be normal cohesive, though with a trend for altruistic, egoistic and anomic tendencies, respectively, in order of incidence. Clear cut trends were observed from the correlations between the values of the youth and their respective three family typologies (i.e. cohesive- egoistic, cohesive- altruistic and cohesive- anomic). Meaningful gender differences were also observed and were indicative of the present day transient Indian society. |
Job stress and personality traits: A comparative study among private and government nurses in Odisha Pages: 517-520 |
Pages: 521-525 Older age is normally associated with losses in physical, cognitive, and social domains. Despite these losses, older adults often report higher levels of well-being than do younger adults. A paucity of research in understanding the level of well-being and strategies to facilitate it. Hence, the present study is to identify the potential predictors of well-being among the elderly peoples. Therefore, this study examines the roles of emotional expressivity, loneliness, happiness, and psychological well-being. For this purpose 60 participants (Males and Females) aged 60 years and above living at home with family were asked to provide an assessment on Emotional Expressivity Scale, Loneliness Scale Subjective Happiness Scale and Psychological Well-being.Results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between subjective happiness and psychological well-being; and loneliness and psychological well-being. From the regression analysis result reveals that Loneliness and happiness significantly predict psychological well-being. Further, findings from this study will improve the understanding of the migratory role of expressivity, happiness and well-beingamong elderly. We also discussed the results in detailed and suggest an appropriate intervention framework and directions for future research |
Pages: 526-534 Psychoeducation has been emerged as an indispensable mode of treatment in modern day psychiatric treatment. Most mental health clinicians and researchers are in favour of adding psychoeducation as the adjunct to strengthen the other forms of psychiatric treatment because psychoeducation has the potentialities to help the patients and family members know about their creative and positive role in the treatment and enhance their ability to deal with daily stress. Psychoeducation is an adjunctive approach which has the immense potentialities to reduce the relapse as well as rehospitalization rates and mental health costs in relapsing psychiatric disorders. Psychoeducation is understood as systematic, structured, didactic information on the illness and its treatment options and psychoeducation aims to enable patients as well as family membersto cope with the illness. Modern treatment protocols cite psychoeducation as an indispensable part of psychiatric treatment. Psychoeducation for patients with severe and relapsing mental disorder improves the understanding of mental illness, increases the quality of life, and can reduce relapse rates. Family psychoeducation as well has become a strongly supported evidence-based practice in the treatment of chronic and relapsing mental disorders. Psychoeducation in families of patients with such disorders can reduce the relapse rates of these patients, positively influence the course of the patient's illness, and help the families and patients to better cope with the mental illness (Rummel-Kluge et al., 2006). In our review paper we present evidence supporting the efficacy of psychoeducation, the topics to be addressed in a psychoeducational program and its postulated mechanisms of action as well as side-effects. |
Pages: 535-537 Ever since Charles Spearman gave his theory of General Intelligence or 'g' factor various theories have come up that refuted the fact that intelligence comprised of only a single factor or a single general ability, beginning with L.L.Thurstone's Primary Mental Abilities many theories have come up challenging the notion that intelligence represents only mental competence. This article looks at two such approaches namely Howard Gardern's theory of Multiple Intelligences and Emotional Intelligence that have changed the way how we look at intelligence. |
Pages: 538-540 Shyness is considered as a barrier in developing and maintaining relationships in a healthy manner among adolescent population. The present study was intended to investigate the correlation of public speaking anxiety, self-efficacy with shyess. Shyness Scale (Cheek & Melchior, 1985), Public Speaking Anxiety Scale (McCroskey, 1970), and Self-efficacy Scale (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995) were administered on 109 female adolescents. Results indicate the positive correlation between public speaking and shyness (r= 0.54 ; p > 0.01). Self-efficacy and shyness are found to be negatively correlated (r=-0.38; p > 0.05 ). Results are discussed in discussion. |
Pages: 541-543 Social responsibility and altruistic behavior seems to be a part of human nature but in so many contexts it will be vary in individual. Altruistic behavior makes altruistic personality. Present study was aimed to explore the predictive relationship between social responsibility and altruistic personality. Randomly selected a sample of 150 (63 males and 87 females) adults. The Altruistic Personality Scale (Rushton, Chrisjohn, &Fekken, 1981) and social responsibility scale subscale of Prosocial Behavior Battery (Penner, 2002) were used in present research. Results indicate that there is positive correlation between social responsibility and altruistic personality. Regression analysis reveals that socially responsibility had significant impact on altruistic personality Research results also indicate that significant gender differences on Altruistic Personality but no gender differences on socially responsibility among adults. |
Pages: 544-549 The main purpose of this paper has been to provide an understanding of the linkages between trade and climate change. The material reviewed shows that trade intersects with climate change in a multitude of ways. This is due to the innumerable implications that climate change may have in terms of its potential impacts on trade, agricultural, non-agricultural and the profound regulatory and economic changes that will be required to mitigate and adapt to these impacts. |
Pages: 550-552 The excavation revealed the existence of a non-Harappan culture related to the Kalibangan I and the pre defense cultures of the Harappa. Which has been called late Siswal culture after the site where its stratigraphic relationship with Kalibangan I culture was first recognized? It also provided a continuous sequence from late Siswal to late Harappan culture and evidenced the survival of the co-existence of the late Siswal culture elements in the Harappan and the late Harappan phases. |
Pages: 553-556 We don't discuss sexuality enough when considering the lives of older adults. It's easy to assume that aging brings dramatic changes and that sexuality is not a topic that concerns older adults to any great degree. Sometimes, however, events bring about a dramatic shift in awareness and understanding. More recently, in 2006, the film Away From Her, brought issues of sexuality in couples dealing with dementia into sympathetic attention, with Julie Christie starring as an older woman with Alzheimer's disease whose sexuality remains vibrant. While we still see many casual advertisements and media stories equating sexuality only with the young. There has been a paradigm shift toward a greater understanding that sexuality is an important part of life, throughout one's lifetime. However, it is not easy for health professionals in training to find information to learn more about aging and sexuality, Sexuality in older adults is a neglected topic: greater understanding of the area has the potential to contribute to the quality of life of senior one, their family members and formal careers. Here in this paper significant is given to current knowledge about sexuality and ageing. |
Pages: 557-559 During the years 1906-10 two men guided the British policy in India, John Morley Secretary of State for India and Viceroy Lord Minto. They co-operated in introducing constitutional changes which are known as 'Morley-Minto Reforms.' Morley knew that there was much unrest, discontent and sedition in India. Several millions died of famines and plague in the early years of the present century. The partition of Bangal (1905), followed by the Swadeshi Movement, had created serious disturbances within the Congress the extremists were demanding anti-British agitation. Morley and Minto decided to meet this critical situation by introducing constitutional changes which would secure for the government. Then followed the Indian Council Act, 1909 which introduced important constitutional changes. The size of the Central and Provincial Legislatures was increased. The number of additional members of the Governor-General's Council was now raised at the maximum to 60. The good effects of these provisions were largely nullified by the introduction of separate electorates which provided special privileges for the Muslims and widened the political gulf between them and Hindus. Provision was made for the creation of Executive Councils for the Lieutenant-Governors of the provinces. The introduction of Separate Electorates was a fulfillment of the commitment made by Minto to the Shimla Deputation and a statutory recognition of Muslim separatism. Thus the fundamental principle behind the Morley-Minto Reforms made no concession to the congress demand for self government within the British Empire. |
Pages: 315-318 This undergoing study is considering effects and comparison in treatment approaches of matrix; methadone, buprenorphine; matrix with buprenorphine and matrix with methadone in methamphetamine dependent patients. The sample consisted of 36 methaphetamine dependent patients, who referred to addiction treatment centers of Isfahan were selected, and classified randomly, into six groups of treatment: First: Matrix treatments, Second: Methadone drug, Third: Bupernorphine drug, Fourth: Receiving methadone treatment combined with matrix treatment, Fifth: Receiving Buprenorphine treatment combined with matrix treatment, Sixth: Control group (placebo). Frequent urine test has been taking from those patients, after collecting data, obtained data is used to compare groups and analyze the results. Descriptive (frequencies, averages and percent cumulative) and inferential method (chi-square) has been used in SPSS as a statistical method to analyze the data. The result revealed that Matrix treatment with Buprenorphine for the first phase of treatment demonstrated positive outcomes, but after 2 months of leaving the slip rate is greatly increased. Matrix treatment alone for beginning of the treatment in comparison with matrix treatment with Buprenorphine had not good results, But the continued and sustained participation of the patients in the sessions of matrix ships are severely reduced and results were better than treatment of Buprenorphine with matrix. Methadone and Buprenorphine treatment alone were also completely ineffective. |