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Pages: 357-359
Vipin Koushal and Raman Sharma (Department of Hospital, Administration, GMCH, Chandigarh)
Ravinder Yadav and Varinder Saini (Department of Medical Records, GMCH, Chandigarh)
Meenakshi Sharma (School of Public Health, PGIMER, Chandigarh)
Pallvi Aggarwal (Department of Psychiatry, PGIMER, Chandigarh)

With the notification of Biomedical Waste Management (BMW) Rules 1998, health care institutions are self responsible to dispose of BMW and it costs a significant part of overall budget of a hospital. In the BMW management, two types of costs are incurred by hospitals viz. internal and external. Internal cost is the cost for segregation, disinfection, internal storage and transportation and external cost involves off site transport and final disposal. A descriptive study was conducted in multispecialty Hospital to do cost analysis in outsourcing of BMW management. Approximately 183 Kg of infectious waste is generated daily while load of plastic and general waste is 49 kg and 1,050 Kg respectively. The total expenditure was INR 28, 60,394 after deducting the revenue generated (INR 5, 67,060/-). Load of BMW produced per bed/day is 1.84 Kg. and the hospital has to bear the expenditure of INR 7,837/- per day and INR 11.26/bed/day.

Pages: 357-359Vipin Koushal and Raman Sharma (Department of Hospital, Administration, GMCH, Chandigarh)Ravinder Yadav and Varinder…

Pages: 352-356
Komal Sharma (Department of Sociology, PGGCG-11, Chandigarh)

In general, NRI marriages are arranged in a short period of time, without proper enquiry about the particulars of the bridegrooms and finally, the poor girls becoming the victims of fraudulent marriages. The problem of NRI boys marrying girls and then running away is becoming more and more alarming. In many cases, many of these NRIs are already married and have children or there is a big gap in age. Moreover, few visit India on a short trip only, in order to allure and exploit young girls who have dreams in their eyes to go abroad. Such grooms not only sexually exploit the girls but also demand handsome dowry from the bride's family. In most of the cases, after the marriage has been solemnized the NRI husband goes back to his adopted country, leaving behind his newly-wed wife on the pretext that he would call her there very soon after making the necessary arrangements. However, after waiting for years together, the girl finds that her 'NRI husband' has not only exploited her sexually, but also left her to curse her miserable destiny for the whole life. She is oppressed and humiliated as she can't raise her voice being new to that country, away from her parents, with nobody to help her in her agony. It is not possible to uncover the different problems of victims relating to their financial, psychological, socio-cultural and legal problems in the present paper. Therefore, in the present paper an attempt has been made to throw light on the problems faced by the abandoned wives of NRI groom with special reference to the physical abuse/ torture. Violence not only causes physical injury, it also undermines the social, economic, psychological, spiritual and emotional well being of the victim, the perpetrator and the society as a whole. Violence is a major contributor to the ill health of women. Therefore, with this an attempt has also been made to highlight the various health issues of the victims.

Pages: 352-356Komal Sharma (Department of Sociology, PGGCG-11, Chandigarh)

Pages: 348-351
Supriya Dhankhar (Independent Scholar, Commerce, Rohtak, Haryana)

Today workplace stress is becoming a major issue and a matter of concern for the employees and the organizations. Occupational stressors contribute to organizational inefficiency, high staff turnover, absenteeism due to sickness, decreased quality, and quantity of practice, increased costs of health care, and decreased job satisfaction. When there is a prolonged experience of occupational stress, it leads to professional burnout. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the occupational stress and the professional burnout among bank employees in Rohtak, Haryana. For this 150 Bank Employees selected from the various private banks in Rohtak city to participate in the study. A five point rating scales to assess the occupational stress and professional burnout of private Bank employees developed by the investigators was used. Obtained data were analyzed using the SPSS 19 for descriptive statistics for mean ± 1 SD, correlation and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results are tabulated and are discussed here under.

Pages: 348-351Supriya Dhankhar (Independent Scholar, Commerce, Rohtak, Haryana)

Pages: 343-347
Uyu Wahyudin (Faculty of Education, Indonesia University of Education, Indonesia)

With only one year left before 2015, many challenges are still ahead for Indonesia to achieve the Education for All (EFA) targets. According to a study conducted in 2010, in an effort to develop a nine years compulsory education model for street children, it was established that there several factors that influence the existence of street children. This leads to varying groups of street children which comprise: of the street children, on the street children and the vulnerable children who are not getting education. The main factors leading to this situation are two: divorce of the parents because of poverty or lack of harmony in the family, which is categorized as a family problem. Second, the social and environmental problems which include: limited awareness of the society about the importance of education. With such a situation, it is necessary to propose several alternative models which can help to improve the implementation of education for the street children if governments are to meet the targets of the EFA.

Pages: 343-347Uyu Wahyudin (Faculty of Education, Indonesia University of Education, Indonesia)

Pages: 339-342
Ruslin W. Badu (Jurusan Pendidikan Luar Sekolah, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan (FIP), Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia)

This research resulted to a training model that aims to enhance the parents' knowledge and skills in early childhood education within a family environment. The educative traditional model based on local potential has been developed. Through this model, parents are expected to improve their knowledge and skills on how to implement the educative traditional plays in child education. This research was carried out based on the fact that the trainings before this model had not helped to improve the parents' knowledge and skills in regard to child development. The research revealed that 15.72% of the parents' knowledge and skills was influenced by this new model. The recommendations are made to the stakeholders, especially the Educational sectors (both private and Government) in Gorontalo Province.

Pages: 339-342Ruslin W. Badu (Jurusan Pendidikan Luar Sekolah, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan (FIP), Universitas Negeri Gorontalo…

Pages: 335-338
Deepaka Lamba (Singhania University, Pacheri Bari, Rajasthan)
Agyajit Singh (Department of Psychology (Retired) Punjabi University, Patiala)

The objectives of the present study were (i) to analyze the attitudes of teachers under training towards E-learning in context to gender; (ii) to find out the differences on self esteem between male and female teachers trainees, and (iii) to study the attitude of teachers under training towards e-learning in relation to self-esteem. The data were collected from 400 B.Ed students-both males and females from the colleges of Teachers' Education in Punjab. They were administered the scale to measure the attitude towards E-learning (self- standardized) and for measuring the self-esteem of the teachers under training, Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory was used. The findings of the study were that (i) significant differences have been found out on attitude of teachers under training towards E-learning on the basis of sex.(ii)there were significant differences on self-esteem between male and female teachers under training (iii) there was a positive and significant relationship between attitude towards E-learning and self-esteem of the teachers under training.

Pages: 335-338Deepaka Lamba (Singhania University, Pacheri Bari, Rajasthan)Agyajit Singh (Department of Psychology (Retired) Punjabi University…

Pages: 331-334
Agus Sutiyono (Department of Nonformal Education, Universitas Negeri Jakarta)

This study investigated the correlation between lecturers in higher education and the learning results of students. It also examined various aspects that affect learning results, including educators and sources of learning, learning method, learning media, learning facility, learning motivation, time of learning, and learning environment. The study adopted a quantitative approach and survey method for data collection. The survey was conducted on 20 students in a training management course in the second semester of the academic year 2011/2012. A questionnaire was distributed to record student perceptions and evaluations of the course lecturer's performance. The results were correlated with the students' learning results using Pearson's product-moment correlation formula: the null hypothesis was rejected if calculated t > table t, or if calculated t fell in the H0 area of rejection. The data-processing result showed a correlation coefficient of 0.6441, suggesting strong correlation. It was concluded that there was a strong correlation between lecturer performance and students' learning results: the calculated t value of 3.7960 fell in the H0 area of rejection, which was 1.201 (obtained from df = n2 = 18). The determination coefficient was 0.64412 or 0.4411. This indicated that 44% of the learning outcome was determined by lecturer performance and 56% by other factors (e.g., individual learning process or experience).

Pages: 331-334Agus Sutiyono (Department of Nonformal Education, Universitas Negeri Jakarta)

Pages: 326-330
Geeta Rana (Roorkee Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand)
Rekha Rani (Department of Psychology, Bhim Rao Ambedker College, Delhi University, Delhi)

Organizational justice has the potential to generate prevailing benefits for organizations and employees. Justice practices direct greater trust, commitment, job performance, more helpful citizenship behaviors, customer satisfaction and diminished conflict. This study is a little effort to examine the effect of organizational justice on managerial effectiveness. The sample consists of 200 managers working in different organizations. The outcomes of stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the distribution of rewards, organizational policies and procedures and interpersonal treatment enhance managerial effectiveness of managers leading to positivity and productivity in organizations. We demonstrate the management of organizational justice with some suggestions for building fairness into widely used managerial activities such as performance appraisal, reward systems, conflict management, and downsizing.

Pages: 326-330Geeta Rana (Roorkee Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand)Rekha Rani (Department of Psychology, Bhim Rao…

Pages: 320-325
Palak Malhotra and Chandra Shekhar (Department of Psychology, University of Jammu, Jammu)

The education of Schedule Castes and Schedule tribes and other backward classes in India has been the focal point of concern in the post-independent India. Although visible progress has occurred in the life of these students, the educational system failed to enable and encourage them to take full advantage of the available opportunities On social level, the parent's occupational status, educational level, parent's educational and occupational aspirations for their children, their attitudes and values and the demand of the school affected the performance adversely. Locus of control is one of the most studied variables in psychology(Rotter1990). Research has documented the important role internal locus of control plays in academic achievement. One of the variables that might contribute to variations in locus of control is parenting styles. Research conducted has shown links between locus of control and parenting styles. This study examined locus of control, parenting styles and academic performance of socially disadvantaged groups. Locus of control and parenting styles were used to determine which of these correlate with academic performance. 30 SC,30 ST and 30 General undergraduate students within the age of 18 to 21 yrs from 2 Govt. colleges of Jammu were selected as a sample. Data was collected by administering Rotter's locus of control scale while parental authority questionnaire by Buri was used to measure perceived parenting styles of college students, the overall average percentage achieved by them in class 5th, 8th, 10th , 12th was taken as their academic performance. Random sampling technique was used in the present study. The data obtained was analysed statistically and the study revealed that there is a significant difference in the locus of control, permissive, authoritarian parenting styles of SC, ST and General undergraduate students. Also a significant correlation was found between locus of control, parenting style and academic performance of undergraduate students.

Pages: 320-325Palak Malhotra and Chandra Shekhar (Department of Psychology, University of Jammu, Jammu)

Pages: 318-319
Dalbir Singh Saini (District Social Welfare Officer, Hisar)
Sangeeta Saini (Lecturer in Biology, Govt. Sr. Sec. School, Gangwa, Hisar, Haryana)

The number of older people is increasing in populations throughout the world. Alcohol use disorders in elderly people are a common but under recognized problem associated with major physical and psychological health problems. The present paper reviews alcohol use problems, factors affecting alcoholism, and risk factors among senior citizens.

Pages: 318-319Dalbir Singh Saini (District Social Welfare Officer, Hisar)Sangeeta Saini (Lecturer in Biology, Govt. Sr…

Pages: 314-317
Dalbir Singh Saini (District Social Welfare Officer, Hisar)
Sangeeta Saini (Lecturer in Biology, Govt. Sr. Sec. School, Gangwa, Hisar, Haryana)

The alcoholism brings terrible consequences to the addict. Beside the known damages for the health, from cirrhosis to liver cancer, the alcohol is also harmful to spiritual and social health. The most dangerous is that the alcohol has been always considered as something sociable, always present in meetings, events, parties, and celebrations and even within our homes, without distinction of social class. The present paper reviews alcohol abuse, and its complications in the present scenario.

Pages: 314-317Dalbir Singh Saini (District Social Welfare Officer, Hisar)Sangeeta Saini (Lecturer in Biology, Govt. Sr…

Pages: 309-313
Sunil Kumar (Department of Business Administration, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa, Haryana)

Most of the present day underdeveloped countries of the world have set out a planned programme for accelerating the pace of their economic development. In a country planning for industrialization and aiming to achieve a target rate of growth, there is a need for resources. The resources can be mobilized through domestic as well as foreign sources. So far as, the domestic sources are concerned, they may not be sufficient to acquire the fixed rate of growth. Generally domestic savings are less than the required amount of investment. Also the very process of industrialization calls for import of capital goods which cannot be locally produced. Hence comes the need for foreign sources. They not only supplement the domestic savings but also provide the recipient country with extra foreign exchange to buy imports essential for filling the saving investment gap and foreign exchange gap. FDI implies that the investor exerts a significant degree of influence on the management of the enterprise resident in the other economy. Such investment involves both the initial transaction between the two entities and all subsequent transaction between them among foreign affiliates, both incorporated and un-incorporated. Individuals as well as business entities may undertake FDI. Flows of FDI comprise capital provided (either directly or through other related enterprises) by a Foreign Direct Investor to an FDI enterprise, or capital received from an FDI enterprise by a foreign direct investor. FDI has three components, viz., equity capital, reinvested earnings and intra-company loans.

Pages: 309-313Sunil Kumar (Department of Business Administration, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa, Haryana)
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