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Pages:51-54
Rupal Hooda, Tanvi Bansal, and Chander Kala Singh (Department of College of Home Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

Psychological well being has been examined as an indicator of successful adaption during old age. A study was conducted on 100 aged people in Hisar district to assess physical health and their direct and indirect effect on psychological well-being. Respondents, aging between 60 to 80 years were selected at random from different locations of Hisar consisting half males and half females. Almost 70% of respondents were a part of joint family, 27% belonged to nuclear families and 3% lived alone. In terms of physical work, 80% had no dependency on their family while only 3% were completely dependent. Mild, moderate and severe health problems faced by the respondents varied to 53%, 43% and 3%, respectively. Almost 27% respondents had health insurance whereas 64% were regular for their health check-ups. Half of respondents were active in utilizing their leisure time for performing outgoing routine activities on a daily basis while 77% on a weekly basis. As far as psychological well-being is concerned, 90% had average results followed by good (7%) and poor (3%). Almost all the respondents were educated, either up to matriculation or post-graduation and majority had family support which is a good contributor in the maintenance of good psychological and physical well-being.
Pages:51-54 Rupal Hooda, Tanvi Bansal, and Chander Kala Singh (Department of College of Home Science, CCS…
Pages:55-61
Suresh Kumar Darolia (Department of Psychology, Institute of Integrated & Honors Studies, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, Haryana) Kailash Chand (Department of Psychology, B.P.R. College, Kurukshetra, Haryana)

The main objective of this study was to predict the academic achievement of school students from multiple intelligences, aptitudes and interests. The sample consisted of 300 students in the age group of 14 to 17 years drawn through stratified sampling from various schools of Kurukshetra district in Haryana. To meet the objectives of the study Multiple Intelligence Profiling Questionnaire (Tirri et al., 2002); Differential Aptitude Test (Ojha, 1975); and Chatterji's Non-Language Preference Record (Chatterji, 1975) were administered on the participants. The academic achievement of the students was measured in terms of marks obtained during two consecutive semester exams of respective classes. The obtained data were treated statistically for descriptive statistics, Pearsonian correlation, and stepwise regression. The results of the study revealed that two components of multiple intelligence, three differential aptitudes, and three interest areas contributed significantly to the prediction of academic achievement the students.
Pages:55-61 Suresh Kumar Darolia (Department of Psychology, Institute of Integrated & Honors Studies, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra…
Pages:62-66
Basanti, Santosh Sangwan, and Shanti Balda (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. Collage of Home Science, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana)

Emotional intelligence is one of the key components for a successful, fulfilling, and happy life. A person is said to be emotionally intelligent when he feels proper emotion in a proper situation and express it in a proper quantity. The present study was undertaken in Hisar district of Haryana state. Two schools of Hisar city and two Govt senior secondary schools of Kaimri from Block-I and Rawalwas from Block-II, were selected randomly. Emotional intelligence scale (EIS) developed by Hyde et al. (2001) was used to measure the emotional intelligence. A sample of 120 rural and 120 urban respondents including equal number of males and females of 14-16 year age were taken, thus to make a total sample of 240 adolescents. Majority of males and females living in rural area had normal level of emotional intelligence followed by above average and below average. Similar trend was observed for urban respondents. Mean scores of females were slightly better in some aspects of emotional intelligence with their counterpart's, viz., overall emotional intelligence and its aspects self-awareness, empathy, emotional stability , managing relation, integrity and commitment.
Pages:62-66 Basanti, Santosh Sangwan, and Shanti Balda (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. Collage…
Pages:67-69
Sumit Sheoran, Sudha Chhikara, and Sheela Sangwan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. College of Home Science, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana)

By appreciating what naturalistic intelligence really is and how we can govern it in our lives, we can commence to leverage all if that intelligence, education and experience stored over a period of time. Similar innovative idea was also given by Howard Gardner (1983) in the theory of multiple intelligences, where human intelligence was differentiated into specific 'modalities', rather than just perceiving intelligence as dominated by a single general ability. Human Ecological Systems Theory bestowed by Bronfenbrenner (1979) discribes that there are five various ecological systems arranged from the closest to the individual to the farthest and these systems directly or indirectly affects the human development. By considering above facts, the present study was designed to study the alliance of naturalistic intelligence with various human ecological factors affecting it. To accomplish this aim, in the present study, standardized Multiple Intelligence Assessment Tool developed by Kaur (2006) was directed on a study sample consisting of 200 students from higher secondary schools of both areas of Mahendergarh (Haryana), i.e., rural and urban. Results revealed that none of the human ecological variables were having significant association with the naturalistic intelligence of young adolescent girls.
Pages:67-69 Sumit Sheoran, Sudha Chhikara, and Sheela Sangwan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C…
Pages:70-75
V. Jaikumar and N. Prabhu (Department of Psychiatry, Government Institute of Mental Health, Kilpauk, Chennai, Tamil Nadu) M. Fatima Jessy (Social Welfare Officer, Government Institute of Mental Health, Kilpauk, Chennai, Tamil Nadu)

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder affecting 3-5 / 1000 of the general population at any given time in any society. In India, caregivers in the family play a vital role in providing care by attending to the physical and emotional needs of their ill relatives. It tends to affect young people during their most productive years and, if left untreated, the illness can continue till their end. The management of schizophrenia can be challenging. Hence, it is inevitable that the caregivers need to have knowledge about illness, treatment and available support for effective management. The aim of the study was to examine the level of knowledge about illness and expressed emotions among the caregivers of persons with schizophrenia. The total 120 caregivers who involved in providing care of persons with schizophrenia were samples. The caregivers of persons with schizophrenia diagnosed falling under International Classification of Disease 10 diagnostic criteria were selected using purposive sampling technique. Knowledge about Schizophrenia Interview (KASI) and Family Attitude Questionnaire (FAQ) were used for assessment. The findings revealed that male caregivers have better knowledge in diagnosis (t=2.05*, p<.05) while females have higher knowledge in course and prognosis (t=2.65**, p<.01). They have inadequate knowledge in other dimensions of KASI such as in symptomatology, etiology, medication and management of schizophrenia. They also had higher scores in their expressed emotions like critical comments, hostility, dissatisfaction and emotional over involvement and less score in warmth. The finding suggests need for psycho -educational intervention to enhance knowledge about schizophrenia and to improve positive emotional atmosphere.
Pages:70-75 V. Jaikumar and N. Prabhu (Department of Psychiatry, Government Institute of Mental Health, Kilpauk, Chennai…
Pages:76-78
Priyanka Beniwal and C.K. Singh (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, COHS, CCSHAU Hisar, Haryana)

One of the roles of education is to awaken and develop the powers of creativity. Instead, what we have is a culture of standardization. Creative children are assets to the society. Development and progress in various fields depends on the creativity. Home environment refers to all sorts of moral and ethical values and emotional, social and intellectual climate set up by the family members to contribute to the wholesome development of an individual. The study examines the influence of home environment on creativity of adolescents. The study was conducted in Rural area of Rewari and Hisar districts of Haryana state on 240 adolescents comprising 120 from Rewari and 120 from Hisar district. The sample represented equal number of boys and girls ranging in 14-16 years of age group. Creativity level was assessed by using divergent production abilities test by Sharma For assessment of home environment; the Home Environment Inventory (HEI) by Mishra (1989) was used. The study unveils that home environment was significantly associated with creativity of adolescents concluding that home environment of the adolescents highly influence their creativity level. Better was the home environment better was the creativity of the adolescents.
Pages:76-78 Priyanka Beniwal and C.K. Singh (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, COHS, CCSHAU Hisar…
Pages:79-82
Sumit Sheoran, Sudha Chhikara, and Sheela Sangwan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. College of Home Science, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana)

There is a wide gap between the popularity of intrapersonal intelligence as a concept and its application in society. People often misinterpret intrapersonal intelligence for a form of magnetism or gregariousness. They don't perceive it as something that can be improved and they identify it as, “either one has it or one doesn't”. By understanding what intrapersonal intelligence really is and how we can administer it in our lives, we can commence to leverage all if that intelligence, education and experience stored over a period of time. Similar idea was proposed by Howard Gardner in the theory of multiple intelligences, where human intelligence differentiates into specific 'modalities', rather than seeing intelligence as dominated by a single general ability. Ecological Systems Theory bestowed by Bronfenbrenner (1979) discribes that there are five systems arranged from the closest to the individual to the farthest and these systems directly or indirectly affects the human development. The present study was designed to study the level of intrapersonal intelligence and impact of various human ecological factors affecting it. To achieve this aim, standardized Multiple Intelligence Assessment Tool developed by Kaur (2006) was administered on a study sample consisting of 200 students from higher secondary schools of both areas of Mahendergarh (Haryana), i.e., rural and urban. Results revealed that parental occupation, caste and discipline by the parents were found to be significantly associated with intrapersonal intelligence of the respondents. Yet other human ecological factors such as frequency of visit to relatives/ friends by respondents, exposure to mass media, type of people living in nearby area and availability of newspaper at home had no effect on intrapersonal intelligence of the young adolescents.
Pages:79-82 Sumit Sheoran, Sudha Chhikara, and Sheela Sangwan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C…
Pages:88-91
Priyanka Beniwal and C.K. Singh (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, COHS, CCSHAU Hisar, Haryana)

Creativity is universally widespread and each and every child has some degree of creativity. It is the duty of parents and teachers to provide support for creative development and help the child to understand the divergent thought and to communicate his ideas freely. They should provide conducive experiences and guidance and should recognize the individual's creative talent. The present study examines the differences of creativity among adolescents across gender, age and locale. The study was conducted in Rural area of Rewari and Hisar districts of Haryana state on 240 adolescents comprising 120 from Rewari and 120 from Hisar district. The sample represented equal number of boys and girls ranging in 14-16 years of age group. Creativity level was assessed by using divergent production abilities test by Sharma Results of the study depicts that female respondents were better in their creative abilities as compared to male students. Creativity differs significantly on the bases of gender. Results further shows that 15+-16 years of age group adolescents were more creative as compared to their counterparts. Rewari students were more creative as compared to Hisar students.
Pages:88-91 Priyanka Beniwal and C.K. Singh (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, COHS, CCSHAU Hisar…
Pages:92-95
Sandhya Sharma (Department of Culture, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana) Satish Kashyap (Exhibition Officer, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana)

Art has no pre-defined function, which means that it can be harnessed to serve any number of purposes, including no purpose at all. Sometimes art is successful because it educates us, inspires us, challenges us, disturbs us, or even insults us. But if art didn't appeal to some people at least some of the time, it would cease to play much role in human affairs. Swang commands a prominent place in personal experience, economic life, and collective culture. Swang could not have achieved or sustained such prominence without tapping into the biology of pleasure. It is suggested that aesthetic philosophers have underestimated the complexity, richness, pervasiveness, and importance of neurological pleasure. A defense of the “pleasure principle” in Swang is given from the perspective of evolutionary psychology.
Pages:92-95 Sandhya Sharma (Department of Culture, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana) Satish Kashyap (Exhibition Officer, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana)
Pages:96-99
Sumit Sheoran, Sudha Chhikara, and Sheela Sangwan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. College of Home Science, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana)

In order to confine the full array of abilities and talents that people possess, Gardner theorizes that people do not have just an intellectual capacity, but have many different kinds of intelligence, including intrapersonal, logical- mathematical, naturalistic, body-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, spatial-visual, existential and linguistic intelligences. According to Howard Gardner, people who are musically intelligent have good thinking in patterns, rhythms and sounds. Such entities have a strong appreciation for music and often they are good at musical composition and performance. By keeping in view above facts, this study was designed to identify the types of multiple intelligences among young adolescents along with, to assess the effect of various human ecological factors (as stated by Bronfenbrenner) on Multiple Intelligences of secondary level students. To achieve this aim, standardized Multiple Intelligence Assessment Tool developed by Kaur (2006) was implemented on a sample consisting of 200 students from higher secondary schools of both areas of Mahendergarh (Haryana), i.e., rural and urban. Results revealed that fathers' education and occupation, residence of location and relationship with the peers of the young adolescents were observed to be significantly associated with musical intelligence of the respondents. Other variables had no significant association with the musical intelligence of the young adolescent girls.
Pages:96-99 Sumit Sheoran, Sudha Chhikara, and Sheela Sangwan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C…
Pages:100-105
David Bennett (School of Business and Management, University of the Commonwealth, Caribbean, 17 Worthington Avenue, Kingston, Jamaica) Laurel Stanley (Dissertation Methodologist and Dissertation Chair, Grand Canyon University, Arizona, USA)

The purpose of this quantitative, correlational research was to examine to what degree a relationship existed between job satisfaction and organizational commitment among support staff (cafeteria employees) in a higher educational institution in the Caribbean. The study included a sample of 27 full-time cafeteria employees who worked in a private for profit higher educational institution in the Caribbean. Study participants completed two survey instruments, the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) short form and the Klein Unidimensional Target-free (KUT) scale. The questionnaires were in the form of hard copies. The Spearman rank order coefficient was used to measure the strength and direction of the relationship between the variables of interest: job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Results found that there was a moderate significant positive relationship between overall job satisfaction and overall organizational commitment among cafeteria employees at the for profit higher educational institution.
Pages:100-105 David Bennett (School of Business and Management, University of the Commonwealth, Caribbean, 17 Worthington Avenue…
Pages:106-110
Shabnam Ansari and Tejpreet Kaur Kang (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

Old age is beset with a host of problems relating to physical, psychological, economic and social zones of life. Health however remains a major issue to contend with in old age. For the individual, health determines his ability to perform those tasks which facilitate his participation in social and economic life. Life satisfaction among the elderly has become an important issue in geriatric care. The available literature shows that it is affected by various physical, emotional, social and mental conditions. The satisfaction of the elderly with life depends on subjective and objective variables. Therefore, the study aims to review variables such as income and social security, social environment (spouse, child, grandchild, relatives, neighbours, etc.) and the satisfaction with health status which affects the life satisfaction of aged elderly.
Pages:106-110 Shabnam Ansari and Tejpreet Kaur Kang (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of…
Pages:111-115
Nitin Gupta (Research & Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Taminadu) S. Azmal, Basha (Department of Psychology, Sri Venkateswara Art College, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh)

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of meaning centered counselling and psychotherapy (MCCT) for purposively selected 60adults to reduce depressive disorders symptoms or associated anxiety. The adults were assessed pre and post intervention in experimental and control groups. we used the questionnaire Personal Meaning Profile developed by Wong (1998) Beck Depression Inventory-II developed by Beck, Steer, and Brown (1996) and Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale developed by Rosenberg (1965) to evaluate the level of depression and symptoms associated along with the anxiety perspectives, and measures comprehensive self-worth by determining both constructive and adverse feelings about the self respectively. This is the study of sixty adults of Positive Essence Psychology, Thamarassery, Calicut, Kerala. The adults were assessed pre intervention and intervened with meaning centered counselling and psychotherapy (MCCT) for the time span of twelve weeks. The adult's depressive symptoms and self esteem were reassessed after the period of twelve weeks. The outcome of the study revealed that the adult's experienced significantly less associated depressive disorder symptoms, and elevated in the self esteem. The outcome shows that the meaning centered counselling and psychotherapy (MCCT) techniques are efficient in reducing depressive disorders symptoms or associated anxiety and increase in self esteem.
Pages:111-115 Nitin Gupta (Research & Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Taminadu) S. Azmal, Basha (Department of Psychology…
Pages:116-118
K.P. Ayisha Rahna, A. Velayudhan, and R. Nithya (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)

Happiness is a choice. Valerie Bertineli, says there's going to be stress in life, but it's your choice whether you let it affect you or not. Happiness is a mental state of well-being characterized by positive emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy. The way you see the world and attribute it matters a lot in how you conceive happiness. Julian Rotter, developed the concept of “locus of control”, the degree to which individuals believe they have the ability to control what happens to them (internal) or how much they think that forces beyond their control affect their situation external. The present study is conducted with an objective to evaluate the effect of Integrated Psychotherapy on Happiness and Locus of Control among Institutionalized adolescents. A total sample of 30 institutionalizes adolescents identified with the age range of 14 to 18 years, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria from Kannur district of Kerala. The tools used for the study are Oxford Happiness Questionnaire by Michael Argyle and Peter Hills and Internal- External Locus of Control Inventory by Venkatapathy. Paired t-test was conducted for finding statistical analysis and the results revealed that there is a significant change in the level of happiness as well as in dimensions of locus of control before and after intervention especially in the internality and Powerful others. Whereas the chance as a dimension of locus of control did not seem to change.
Pages:116-118 K.P. Ayisha Rahna, A. Velayudhan, and R. Nithya (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil…
Pages:119-123
Manpreet Kaur and Tejpreet Kaur Kang (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

The present study was undertaken to see the correlation of perceived risk taking behavior with peer pressure among rural and urban adolescents Ludhiana district of Punjab state. The sample comprised of 300 school going adolescents (16-18 years) selected randomly from Government Senior Secondary Schools. A scale developed by Singh and Saini (2012) was administered to measure the perceived peer pressure of the adolescents. Significant locale-wise and gender wise differences were found among rural and urban boys in high and average levels of perceived peer pressure. Higher percentage of rural boys and girls perceived high peer pressure. Risk taking behaviour had positive and significant association with peer-pressure among rural and urban adolescents as well as in boys and girls. With regard to total sample significant gender differences were seen in all the three levels of perceived peer-pressure.
Pages:119-123 Manpreet Kaur and Tejpreet Kaur Kang (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab Agricultural…
Pages:124-129
Edward Hoffman (Department of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York, USA) Catalina Acosta-Orozco (Woodhull Hospital Center, Brooklyn NY, USA) Xinying Chen (Lianjiang Qiming Primary School, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China)

Metaphor analysis has been found a valid way to examine the core values and flourishing of teachers in Western culture, but empirical evidence is sparse for their Far Eastern counterparts. In the present study, 60 teachers (mean teaching experience=6.9 years) in southeastern China responded to a structured questionnaire. It elicited their personal life-metaphor, whether they had always espoused it since youth, and if not, what had caused it to change; and how it guides their actions. Teachers were also asked to indicate which of 17 life-metaphors they most and least preferred, and to rate their happiness and life meaning from teaching. Consistent with their counterparts in Costa Rica, virtually all Chinese teachers recounted a personal life-metaphor. Similar to those recounted by Costa Rican teachers, these were predominantly active and individualistic, but differed by being affectively neutral rather than optimistic. The most preferred and least preferred life-metaphors were similar but not identical among the two nationalities of teachers. Consistent with the content of their personal metaphors, Chinese teachers reported moderate happiness and personal meaning from their work. The usefulness of metaphor analysis in aiding teacher development in China is discussed, and future avenues of research are highlighted.
Pages:124-129 Edward Hoffman (Department of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York, USA) Catalina Acosta-Orozco (Woodhull Hospital Center, Brooklyn…
Pages:130-134
Prabhu N. and Jaikumar V. (Department of Psychiatry, Government Institute of Mental Health, Kilpauk, Chennai, Tamil Nadu) Fatima Jessy, M. (Social Welfare Officer, Government Institute of Mental Health, Kilpauk, Chennai, Tamil Nadu)

Schizophrenia is a serious and long-term mental illness. In the recent decades mental health care system across the world is moving towards community based care and the family caregivers have increased responsibility in managing their ill relatives. Hence caregivers are to be integrated within the mental health treatment plan. Caregivers often face difficulties in fulfilling their roles due to lack of knowledge about illness. This influences the process of caregiving in the form of their expressed emotions which is an important factor during the recovery process of persons with schizophrenia. One of the main contributors to relapse is expressed emotions. Hence, it is inevitable that they need to have knowledge about illness, treatment and available support for effective caring and management. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of psycho-educationon knowledge and expressed emotions of caregivers in the pre and post psycho-educational intervention along with routine out patient treatment. A total of 120 caregivers were samples. The study employed a pre and post without control research design where 120 caregivers of persons with Schizophrenia were recruited using purposive sampling technique. They were assessed using Knowledge about Schizophrenia Interview (KASI) and Family Attitude Questionnaire (FAQ) before and after the group intervention which focused on dissemination of information regarding schizophrenia and other psychosocial inputs. The knowledge about diagnosis, symptoms, etiology, medication, course, prognosis and management were found to be improved significantly (t=56.33, p<.000) after psycho-education. The caregivers were found to have a significant decrease in the way they expressed their critical comments, hostility, dissatisfaction and emotional over involvement. They were able to show a higher level of warmth (t-62.96, p<.000) after psycho-education. Caring for a person with schizophrenia exacts an emotional toll and it might result in a negative emotional atmosphere in the patient's family if they lack knowledge about the illness. This could reduce the caregivers capacity to support their ill relatives. The results prove that a periodic group psycho-education along with routine out patient treatment would be beneficial in providing better care for persons with schizophrenia.
Pages:130-134 Prabhu N. and Jaikumar V. (Department of Psychiatry, Government Institute of Mental Health, Kilpauk, Chennai…
Pages:135-139
Ahmad Y. Aljawarneh (Ministry of Education, Irbid, Jordan)

This study investigated the differences in boredom proneness (BP) and private self-consciousness (PSC) between undergraduate and graduate students. Also, the study explored the relationships between BP and PSC. The sample consisted of 165 students at Yarmouk university (113 at the bachelor's level, 52 at the master's level). Two scales were used one for BP, and the other for PSC. Results showed that undergraduate students scored significantly higher on the subscale of lack of internal stimulation (LOIS), whereas graduate students scored significantly higher on the scale of PSC. Additionally, for undergraduate students there was a significant negative relationship between LOIS and PSC, whereas for graduate students there was a significant negative relationship between Lack of External Stimulation LOES and PSC.
Pages:135-139 Ahmad Y. Aljawarneh (Ministry of Education, Irbid, Jordan)
Pages:140-145
Minimol Joseph and Lucila O. Bance (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas España, Manila, The Philippines)

Self-compassion or extend compassion to one's self in instances of perceived inadequacy, failure, or suffering is a topic of substantial and emergent scientific interest. The present study examined the possible predictive effect of self-compassion on traumatic shameful memories of sexually abused female children. Participants involved 158 selected female victims of child sexual abuse from Nirbhaya shelter homes from Kerala, India who completed the Self-Compassion Scale, Trauma-Related Shame Inventory and Experience of Shame Scale that measured self-compassion and shameful memories respectively. Findings of this study showed a significantly strong negative relationship between sexually abused children's self-compassion and traumatic shameful memories. Self-compassion significantly predicted changes in traumatic shameful memories, such that greater reductions in the trauma-related shame were significantly associated with higher levels of self-compassion. Regression analysis of the data showed that self-compassion factors could account a significant variance of 83.3% in internal shame, 79% in external shame, 83 % in characterological shame, 81.4 % in behavioral shame and 73.3% in bodily shame aspects of traumatic shameful memories. These findings are consistent with the impression that self-compassion represents as an essential constituent for emotional issues such as trauma-related shame. This correlational study endorses the needs for psychotherapeutic intervention program in order to help traumatized children for accepting themselves by alleviating shameful memories
Pages:140-145 Minimol Joseph and Lucila O. Bance (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas España, Manila…
Pages:146-155
Sana Sarfraz and Rubina Kausar (Department of Clinical Psychology, Lahore School of Professional Studies, University of the Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan)

This research was conducted in order to apply two evidence base methods on mild autistic children. Applied Behavioral Analysis and TEACCH methods were selected for research purpose. The efficacy of these methods was checked by applying both methods individually and separately to children. The Applied behavior analysis was administered and completed in thirteen sessions; while TEACCH method took seven sessions. Non-probability purposive sampling and snow-ball sampling strategies were used for data collection. Two mild autistic children were selected. Applied Behavioral Analysis was administered to one participant and the other was treated with TEACCH. The pre and post assessment was done through CARS test. The data was written down with each session so that data can be used to mention in research work. Results revealed that the performance of child was more rapidly improved through method of TEACCH as compared to Applied Behavioral Analysis. Moreover; the overall results also suggest that ABA took more time as compared to TEACCH. The current research emphasized the need to test other mild autistic Pakistani children with TEACCH. TEACCH proved to be more effective as far as management of mild autistic children is concerned. TEACCH method is widely used all over the world nowadays.
Pages:146-155 Sana Sarfraz and Rubina Kausar (Department of Clinical Psychology, Lahore School of Professional Studies, University…
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