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Pages:01-08
Tarun Jain and Ritu Sharma (AIPS, Amity University, Noida, Utter Pradesh)
Abha Singh (AIPS, Dean Faculty of Arts, Humanities Journalism and Communication & Social Sciences Amity University, Noida, UP )
Karuna Mehta (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi )

The Coaching Behavior Scale for Sport (CBS-S) is designed to evaluate coach's involvement in developing sports person in multidimensional aspects of sports. Although CBS-S has been used in a number of empirical studies, the factor structure of the instrument has not been examined in Elite Indian context. Present study was, therefore, conducted to assess the factor structure of the CBS-S for Indian Elite sports person, 76 Elite sports person completed the CBS-S, CFA were done to assess the (CBS-S) for reliability and validity. Seven-factor CFA models fit to the sample data adequately. In addition, the sizes of factor loadings on target factors were substantial .The findings from this study supported the factorial validity of the CBS-S for the present sample and Personal Rapport (PS) and Negative Personal Rapport (NPR) are found to be moderately significant. This suggest that the Elite Indian sports person is relying more on the coach in relation to the Physical training, Technical skill, Goal setting, Mental preparations and Competitive strategies rather than the two rapport subscales.

Pages:01-08Tarun Jain and Ritu Sharma (AIPS, Amity University, Noida, Utter Pradesh)Abha Singh (AIPS, Dean Faculty…

Pages:09-13
Marzieh Shamkhani and Ali Khalafi (Department of Psychology, Andimeshk Branch, Islamic Azad University, Andimeshk, Iran)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive learning on happiness, Aggression and hope for adolescents with leukemia in Ahvaz. The sample consisted of 30 people who were selected by available sampling method. 15 subjects in the experimental group and 15 in the control group were randomly assigned. The experimental design was a pre-test-post-test type with control group and follow-up period. Measurement tools included Oxford Happiness Inventory (Argyle, 1989); Ahwaz's Aggression Questionnaire (Zahedifar, Najarian, & Shokrkon, 2000); Hope Scale (Schneider, 1991). To run, at first, the pre-test was taken from both groups. Then, the experimental group was trained in 14 sessions of 90 minutes, and after each group, they were subjected to post-test. And one month later, the follow-up process was completed. Data analysis was performed using multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) and one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results showed that positive attitudes toward happiness, aggressiveness and hopefulness of adolescents with leukemia in Ahvaz were effective

Pages:09-13Marzieh Shamkhani and Ali Khalafi (Department of Psychology, Andimeshk Branch, Islamic Azad University, Andimeshk, Iran)

Pages:14-21
Shalini Sharma (Department of Psychology, Ramanujan College University of Delhi, Delhi)
Sachin Tomer (Department of Statistics, Ramanujan College

Prosocial behavior is a collective term covering all activities that are advantageous to other persons or the society in general (Piliavin, Dovidio, Gaertner, & Clark, 1981). It can be divided into three categories of altruism, helping, and cooperation. The notion of why certain people help more willingly than others, and with varied frequencies; and what purpose does it solve in a person's life by extending a helping hand to someone, is what led to the origin of this study. Literature review revealed there is sparse literature available on Indian adolescents. Thus, the research objective is to explore various psychosocial factors that contribute to development of pro-social behaviour in late adolescence, and how they contribute to the experience of an individual's subjective well-being. Sample consisted of 200 college going students in the age group of 17-20 years. A variety of measures were used for the purpose: Prosocial Tendencies measure, Satisfaction with life scale and Positive and Negative affect scale. In addition a semi-structured questionnaire was used to get qualitative data from 30 individuals. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlational techniques and t-test. Results indicated majority of students having an average frequency of prosocial behavior, predominantly public and compliant type of prosocial behavior, a low positive correlation between prosocial behavior and well-being, a significant difference between adolescents scoring low on pro-social behavior from those scoring high in terms of their satisfaction with life and no significant difference between males and females in terms of prosocial behavior tendencies.

Pages:14-21Shalini Sharma (Department of Psychology, Ramanujan College University of Delhi, Delhi)Sachin Tomer (Department of Statistics…

Pages:22-28
Priyanka Gautam and Madhurima Pradhan (Department of Psychology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)

Stress reactions occur when an environmental event taxes one's ability to cope. Several studies reveal that stress has a direct as well as interaction effect on academic achievement of students. Psychological capital is a resource for personal development with the features of self-reliance while dealing with the challenges (self-efficacy), positive expectations for the future success (optimism), being full of determination (hope), and accomplishment in spite of obstacles (resilience) (Luthans & Youssef, 2004). The purpose of the present study to find out the moderating role of Psychological Capital in the relationship between stress and academic achievement. A sample of 210 students (14-18 years) was incidentally selected from Government schools in rural areas. Psychological capital scale was developed by researcher. Stress was measured with the help of an inventory by (Tubesing & Tubesing, 1983) which assesses symptoms of physical, emotional and mental stress. An average marks obtained by a student throughout one academic session was used as a measure of academic achievement. Psychological capital was found to be positively correlated with academic achievement and negatively correlated with stress. The results revealed that Psychological capital moderate the relationship between stress and academic achievement. The study implies that psychological capital enhances the capability of students helping them to improve their academic performance.

Pages:22-28Priyanka Gautam and Madhurima Pradhan (Department of Psychology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)

Pages:29-32
Vinod Kumari and Subhash Chander (Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

Human rights are as old as human civilizations and the term represent the rights of all human beings of both sex men and women. It has identified gender equality, in accessibility of human rights. No discrimination is allowed or imposed in exercise of these rights. Women represent about half of total population in India, but gender biasness and gender inequality are main features of Indian society. Women have been denied equal rights for centuries. Study was conducted in Karnal district of Haryana state on 200 women respondents from Nardak cultural zone to know the awareness about the laws related to crime against women. It was observed that awareness about laws was found in majority of respondents (86.0%) and awareness was found associated with age, education, occupation, caste and mass-media exposure as indicated by c2 values.

Pages:29-32Vinod Kumari and Subhash Chander (Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

Pages:33-37
Jayasheela, S. and Kiran Kumar K. Salagame (Department of Studies in Psychology, University of Mysore, Karnataka)

According to Indian thought, triguņa represents essential energies of the mind and individual's personality is determined and dependent on triguņa viz., satva, rajas and tamas. The three guņa influence the physical and mental activities of every individual. Vyasa in his commentary on Patanjali's Yoga Sutra distinguishes between five states of mind viz., kshipta, mũdha, vikshipta, ekāgra and niruddha. Each of these states of mind involves certain cognitive and personality characteristics, which are associated with satva, rajas and tamas. It is stated that yoga practices lead to enhancement of satva and regulation and decline of rajas and tamas. To examine this 60 YP and 60 normal controls (n=120) were studied using Vedic Personality Inventory and Chitta bhumike Inventory. The scores on the two inventories were correlated. The obtained correlations in both the groups indicate that kshipta and mũdha states of mind are negatively correlated with satva and positively correlated with tamas, as discussed in Yogic literature. Only in yoga practitioner group kshipta and mũdha shows positive correlation with rajas. Scores of Vikshipta, ekāgra and niruddha sub-scales do not show significant correlations with the three guņa. The t-tests show that the two groups differed significantly on chitta bhumike but not on the three guņa.

Pages:33-37Jayasheela, S. and Kiran Kumar K. Salagame (Department of Studies in Psychology, University of Mysore…

Pages:34-38
Teenu Nanda (Govt. College, Maham, Haryana)
Hardeep Lal Joshi (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra)

The present study was conducted with two objectives. First was to examine the relationship of subjective well-being, optimism, and psychological distress, second was to investigate the sex differences among all these variables. The sample of the study involved 200 participant s (J OO male and 100 female) between the age ranges from 22 to 28 years. The subjects were assessed with General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg, 1970), Optimism Scale (Seligman, 1991) and Subjective Well-being Inventory (Sell & Nagpal,1992). The data were analyzed by using Pearson's Product Moment method of correlation and t-test. The results revealed that (i) subjective well-being was found to be negatively associated with psychological distress, (ii) subjective well-being was found to be positi vely associated with optimism, (iii) one of the measures of optimism (PMB) was found positively associated with psychological distress. (vi) male and female subjects differ significantly on psychological distress, subjective well-being (Primary group concern, Perceived ill health ,Deficiency in social contacts, General well-being- negative affect), and on optimism (Permanent Bad, Hope Good).

Pages:34-38Teenu Nanda (Govt. College, Maham, Haryana)Hardeep Lal Joshi (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra)

Pages:38-43
Deepti B. Duggi, Iranna S. Amashi, and Shanmukh V. Kamble (PG Department of Psychology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka)

The just-world hypothesis is the assumption that a person's actions are inherently inclined to bring morally fair and fitting consequences to that person, to the end of all noble actions being eventually rewarded and all evil actions eventually punished. The present study is counted to find out the significance of the relationship of well-being of men and women living with HIV/AIDS with their personal and general belief in just world. A purposive sample of 100 male and 100 female people living with HIV/AIDS are selected for the study. The sample was selected for the study from Positive People Network, NGOs and ART centers. The sample was collected from Hubli-Dharwad Corporation and Gadag. Personal Belief in Just World Scale developed by Claudia Dalbert (1999); The General Belief in Just World Scale developed by Dalbert and Schmitt (1987); and Trait Well Being Inventory developed by Dalbert (1992) measures were used to test the hypotheses. Results of the present study revealed that, General belief and Personal belief of just world of men living with HIV/AIDS have positive correlation mood level and satisfaction level. Further, General belief and Personal belief of just world of men living with HIV/AIDS have also had positive and significant relationship with overall mood and satisfaction level. Contrary to this, General belief and Personal belief of just world women living with HIV/AIDS has no relation with mood level, but has relationship with satisfaction level and overall mood and satisfaction level of women living with HIV/AIDS.

Pages:38-43Deepti B. Duggi, Iranna S. Amashi, and Shanmukh V. Kamble (PG Department of Psychology, Karnatak…

Pages:44-48
Praful Prabhuappa Kapse (RINPAS, Ranchi and Mental Health, Specialist, Tata Trusts, Mumbai)
Manisha Kiran (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, Ranchi Institute of Neuro-Psychiatry and Allied Sciences (RINPAS), Ranchi)

Caring for the persons with first episode psychosis is challenging and demanding. It may lead to the increased burden, expressed emotions among the caregivers. The numerous studies have shown that high burden and negative expressed emotions among caregivers can lead to early relapse in the patients with first episode psychosis. To evaluate the effects of the brief psychoeducation on the caregivers burden and expressed emotions. A quasi experimental - before and after with control group research design was adopted for the study. A total of 60 caregivers have participated in the study, of which 30 caregivers in experimental group and 30 caregivers in the control group. Family Burden Interview Schedule (Pai & Kapoor, 1981) and Attitude Questionnaire (Sethi et al., 1981) was used to assess caregiver's burden and expressed emotions. At end of the psychoeducation intervention, burden among caregivers and negative expressed emotions of the caregivers have significantly reduced. The positive expressed emotions have been increased. Study results demonstrates the importance of psychoeducation intervention in reducing the burden and negative expressed emotions.

Pages:44-48Praful Prabhuappa Kapse (RINPAS, Ranchi and Mental Health, Specialist, Tata Trusts, Mumbai)Manisha Kiran (Department of…

Pages:49-54
Sandhyarani Devi Moirangthem (Department of Psychology, Sikkim University, Samdur, Tadong, Gangtok)
Nutankumar S. Thingujam (Department of Psychology, Tripura University, Tripura)

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between happiness and network of social relationships. Network of relationships inventory-relationship quality version (Furman & Buhrmester, 1985) and subjective happiness scale (Lyubomirsky & Lepper, 1999) was administered on 100 undergraduate college students at Gangtok, Sikkim within age range of 17 to 23 years. Pearson's correlation showed that happiness was significantly positively related with companionship, approval and satisfaction with opposite-gender best-friends, emotional support of mother, satisfaction with same-gender best-friends and siblings. However, happiness was found to be negatively correlated with criticism and pressure of girl/boy friend, criticism of mother and siblings, dominance of father, and exclusion of best friends (same/opposite gender), girl/boy friend, siblings, mother and father.

Pages:49-54Sandhyarani Devi Moirangthem (Department of Psychology, Sikkim University, Samdur, Tadong, Gangtok)Nutankumar S. Thingujam (Department of…

Pages:55-59
Faiqa Sabir, Nosheen Ramzan, and Farah Malik (Institute of Applied Psychology, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan)

The present study was conducted to explore the relationship between resilience self-compassion, mindfulness and emotional well-being of doctors working in critical and non-critical care units of patients. It was hypothesized that there is likely to be positive relationship between resilience, self-compassion, mindfulness and emotional well-being of doctors and resilience, self-compassion and mindfulness are likely to be positive predictors of emotional well-being of doctors working in critical care and non critical care units of patients. Further it was also hypothesized that there are likely to be gender differences in resilience, self-compassion, mindfulness and emotional well-being of doctors. Data was collected from doctors (n = 100) with age range of 25 to 55 (M = 28.27, SD = 5.88) using convenient sampling technique. The Brief Resilience Scale (Smith et al., 2008); Self-compassion Scale (Neff, 2003); Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (Brown & Ryan, 2003); and Scale of Positive and Negative Experiences (SPANE, Diener et al., 2009) were used to collect data. The results of correlation analysis showed that there was positive and significant correlation between resilience, self-compassion, mindfulness and emotional well-being of both groups of doctors. Regression analysis revealed that self-compassion was only significant predictor of emotional well-being. Moreover, significant gender differences were found on emotional well-being. Nevertheless, resilience, self-compassion and mindfulness abilities are alike in male and female doctors.

Pages:55-59Faiqa Sabir, Nosheen Ramzan, and Farah Malik (Institute of Applied Psychology, University of Punjab, Lahore…

Pages:60-68
Narayanan Annalakshmi (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)
Krishnan Rakhi (Psychologist (Trainee), KIMS Hospital, Trivandrum, Kerala)
Jothish, K.J. (Business Development, Executive, Gulf Technical, Services, Qatar, Doha)
Murugesan Venkatesan (Indian Institute of Foreign, Trade, New Delhi)

Critical consciousness (CC) is the ability to perceive social, political, and economic oppression in the society and includes taking action against the oppressive elements of society. CC has been mainly explored in the western cultures. CC has not been studied in the Asian culture which is distinctly different from the western culture in several ways including the presence of social hierarchy that are firmly laid down. The present study examines the relationship between critical consciousness and psychological well-being measures like alienation, self-efficacy, and life satisfaction among youth in India. It was hypothesized that a higher level of critical consciousness would be related to higher levels of well-being. This was tested on a sample of 345 (Males=164) students in the age group 17 to 26 years. Participants completed self-report measures of critical consciousness, alienation, self-efficacy and life satisfaction. Critical consciousness was assessed in terms of two factors pertaining to critical reflection, namely, perceived inequality and egalitarianism, and one factor relating to critical action, namely, socio-political participation. Females were higher on egalitarianism and lower on socio-political participation compared to males. Significant differences between communities on perceived inequality was found: MBC group was higher on perceived inequality compared to OC and BC group. The different groups on religion do not differ from each other on critical consciousness. Egalitarianism was negatively correlated with both perceived inequality and socio-political participation. All three dimensions of critical consciousness predicted alienation. Perceived inequality and socio-political participation positively predicted alienation while egalitarianism negatively predicted alienation. Egalitarianism positively predicted both self-efficacy and life satisfaction. The findings point towards a need to re-examine the meaning of critical consciousness with special reference to the cultural context.

Pages:60-68Narayanan Annalakshmi (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)Krishnan Rakhi (Psychologist (Trainee), KIMS Hospital…

Pages:69-73
A. P. Singh and Anoop Kumar Singh (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh )
Vinod Kumar Gupta (Department of Psychology, D. A. V. P.G., College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh)

In modern competitive organizations, job satisfaction is an important psychological attribute that may play crucial role in organizational effectiveness and employees' well-being. Locus of control as a personality variable and stressful life events are causally implicated in a variety of unenviable effects on our performance and health. The present study was conducted on 210 managerial personnel in private sector organizations in India. The results of correlation coefficients indicate that person positive was found to be significantly positively correlated with satisfaction (job & total). Job positive was found to be significantly positively correlated with satisfaction (management & total) and locus of control (external) was found to be significantly negatively correlated with satisfaction (management & total). Results of stepwise multiple regression analysis indicate that person positive (dimension of positive life events stress) emerges as predictor for satisfaction (job & total) and job positive (dimension of positive life events stress) emerge as predictor for satisfaction (management) while locus of control (external) emerge as predictor for satisfaction (management & total) The finding of this study will help in ameliorating the job satisfaction which helps to revamp the employees' performance and aggrandize the organizational productivity.

Pages:69-73A. P. Singh and Anoop Kumar Singh (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences Banaras…

Pages:74-77
Parul Gill (Department of Home Science, I.B. (P.G) College, Panipat, Haryana)
Poonam Malik (Department of HDFS, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana)
Pankaj Gill (Department of Home Science, Pt. CLS Govt. College, Karnal, Haryana)

The present study was undertaken to explore the decision making patterns of college girls in relation to clothing and their satisfaction level with these decision making patterns. Thirty under graduate college girls from Panipat city were approached to record their responses regarding decision making in relation to clothing and satisfaction level through a well structured questionnaire. It was found that most of the girls (56.66%) themselves made the decisions about the type of garment (Indian, western or both) they wear and majority of girls (70%) were highly satisfied with this decision making. Parents performed the role of buyers for their college going daughters' garments in most of the cases (63.33%) and the 73.33% girls had high level of satisfaction with this. In most of the cases (60%) the decision about the garment design was made by the girls themselves and they were highly satisfied with it.

Pages:74-77Parul Gill (Department of Home Science, I.B. (P.G) College, Panipat, Haryana)Poonam Malik (Department of HDFS…

Pages:78-82
Soma Pramanik and Deepshikha Ray (Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata )

A quick glance at the vast number of contemporary researches on happiness brings out terms like subjective well-being, satisfaction with life, contentment. Few researchers, in the current decade, however, have followed the qualitative paradigm, with the aim to “discover” the idea of and beliefs regarding happiness, as they occur in the society. The current research was a similar attempt, intended to extract the de-facto ideas that four contemporary young, urban, Bengali individuals, residing in Kolkata had regarding happiness. Sample constituted two males and two females; constructivist grounded theory was the method that was used. Analysis revealed conception of happiness to be intrinsic, which was expressed in terms of peace and contentment, and associated with compassion, forgiveness and “letting go”. Activities such as pursuing one's hobbies, participating in adventurous activities, focussing on one's goals and distraction were enumerated as ways and means that led to happiness. A harmonious relationship with individuals close to the participants was mentioned as a significant factor behind happiness.

Pages:78-82Soma Pramanik and Deepshikha Ray (Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata )

Pages:83-88
Neetima Batra, Veena Sangwan, and Manju Mehta (Department of FRM, COHS, CCS Haryana Agriculture University, Hisar, Haryana)

If the structure is so designed that the positive forces override that the negative forces then there is beneficial release of bio energy which helps all the inmates to be healthy. If I put Vastu in simple words “it is the traditional Indian way how people should live in house or work at their workplace as yoga is for health.” Every women workplace is started with her house and concludes her day in her house. The prior concern is her well-being's. Vastu is a hot topic of discussion these days on all the channels on T.V, internet etc. and other mass media approaches. Present study is planned to know about the knowledge of some aspects of Vastu Shastra principles and its extent of application in newly constructed houses of Hisar district. 200 homemakers were selected purposively, majority were found young 60.0% and working45.0%. Around 50 percent were having > 350 square feet house. Some miscellaneous aspects of vastu were choose to study and found that was found Usually people were interesting in application of certain aspects such as down ward slope of house should be in E and N side, rectangular house is good for living, Gomukhi house is not good for residence purpose, underground water tank should be in North East direction, no tall trees should be in North and East side and so on. Interestingly they have applied these principles on priority basis. Along with these aspects more than 90 percent of the respondents were found feeling highly satisfied by making water tank in North-East and trees in South and west side. By making central space open, eighty five percent respondents were found highly satisfied as it is the place where all energies can accumulate to make house pure, divine and peaceful.

Pages:83-88Neetima Batra, Veena Sangwan, and Manju Mehta (Department of FRM, COHS, CCS Haryana Agriculture University…

Pages:89-96
Saira Irfan and Najib Ahmad Marzuki (Department of Applied Psychology, Social Work and Policy, University Utara Malaysia, Malaysia )

For the understanding of economic and cultural advancement in a society, higher education is one of the key factors. Present study intended to examine the role of hierarchy culture as a moderator on the relationship between work motivation and work commitment among university teachers. The study design was based on quantitative methods. Sample comprised of 351 teachers from public universities of Punjab, Pakistan. Multivariate analysis and descriptive statistics were performed using Smart PLS 3.0. Findings confirmed the moderating effects of hierarchy culture. The findings have implications for policy makers to take advantage of work motivation because motivated teachers preserve commitment despite the controlled and structured features of hierarchy culture. Study findings also propose the development of supportive culture to enhance work commitment.

Pages:89-96Saira Irfan and Najib Ahmad Marzuki (Department of Applied Psychology, Social Work and Policy, University…

Pages:97-102
Jini K Gopinath (Department of Psychology, University of Kerala, Kerala)
Rita Krishnan (Department of Psychology, University College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala)

The aim of the present study was to examine the efficacy of vedic mathematics training on children with specific learning difficulty. The mean age of the participants was 11.39 with a standard deviation of 0.63, and were divided into three groups. One group underwent training in Vedic Mathematics, the second group underwent conventional remediation for mathematics and the third group had sessions on general knowledge. The tools included Diagnostic Arithmetic Test (DAT) from the NIMHANS index of learning disability and a Visual Analogue Scale. One way Analysis of Variance showed that children who underwent Vedic Mathematics training and Remediation training performed significantly better on the DAT at post training assessment. The study points the option of including Vedic Mathematics Training in Schools to help children understand mathematics concepts better.

Pages:97-102Jini K Gopinath (Department of Psychology, University of Kerala, Kerala)Rita Krishnan (Department of Psychology, University…

Pages:103-108
Mahesh C. Gupta (Independent Practice, Savannah, Georgia, USA)

Happiness results, in part, from pleasant interpersonal relationships of which communicative acts and interactions are basic elements. Morality is observed as a foundation of human society and essential for positive interactional outcomes, and thus, for happiness. Interactions that end in mutual benefit to the dyadic members are the basis of happiness and fulfillment. Rationale and validity of this postulate are presented. The falsely perceived benefits of engaging in immoral interactions are based on a lack of understanding of human relations. The concept of mental sanctuary is proposed to explain how humans cope with their private urges and passions and how some people succumb to impulsive and immoral behavior. Research literature associated with Heiderian “balance criterion,” and P-O-X triads is examined to point out the connection of interpersonal tension in the structure of happiness

Pages:103-108Mahesh C. Gupta (Independent Practice, Savannah, Georgia, USA)

Pages:109-113
Rubina Kausar (Department of Psychology Programme (LSPS), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan)

The present research explored the relationship between gratitude and happiness in college students. It was hypothesized that there is likely to be a relationship between gratitude and happiness. It was also hypothesized that gratitude will be the predictor of happiness in college students. The sample was comprised of n= 100 (50 girls & 50 boys) from different colleges (private & public) of Lahore. Subjective Happiness Scale by Sonja Lyubomirsky and Lepper (1999) and Gratitude Questionnaire-Six Item Form (GQ-6) by McCullough, Emmons, and Tsang (2001) were used to assess happiness and gratitude in college students. Pearson product moment correlation, Simple Linear regression and independent sample t-test were applied to generate results. Results suggest that there is significant positive relationship between gratitude and happiness. Gratitude also predicted happiness in college students. No significant gender difference was observed between gratitude and happiness. Significant difference was found between gratitude and happiness at 1st level and the last level students. The findings of this research have implications for adaptation of gratitude tendencies in Pakistani youth.

Pages:109-113Rubina Kausar (Department of Psychology Programme (LSPS), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan)
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