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Pages: 152-155
Kevin Joy, Veena Prathap, Aiswarya P. Rajan, and V. S. Vandana (Department of Psychology, Christ College Autonomous, Irinjalakuda, Thrissur, Kerala)

Man is searching for all ways to develop in all aspects of life in which individual development remains the basic
construct. Grit is a growing non-cognitive psychological factor, closely related to the achievement, success and
well-being of an individual which has gained interest in studies of the recent past. There has been an increased
interest in knowing the influence of different factors upon the grit of an individual to help a person develop better
and be able to taste the sweetness of personal success. The purpose of this study was to find the influence of parent's
grit upon the grit of the adolescent students and understand the influence of various socioeconomic factors upon this
relation. 200 college students belonging to six different colleges within the Thrissur district of Kerala and their male
and female parents were the samples considered for the study. The short grit S scale (2009) and Kuppuswamy
socioeconomic scale (2018 version) were the tools used in the study and the results were analysed statistically using
Pearson's correlation test. The results revealed that the grit of an adolescent student is positively correlated to the grit
levels of both their male and female parents even within the categorisations of populations based on a variety of
socioeconomic status, mother's education and mother's job. The high level of achievement and success in the life of
a student is revealed to be influenced by the achievement, determination, success and well-being of their parents.

Pages: 152-155Kevin Joy, Veena Prathap, Aiswarya P. Rajan, and V. S. Vandana (Department of Psychology…

Pages: 139-151
Praballa Ashmitha and Narayanan Annalakshmi (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)

The children, whose parents are imprisoned, are vulnerable to psychosocial problems and are at-risk for
psychosocial development due to various personal and environmental reasons during the period of parental
incarceration. The present study aims at understanding the risk and protective factors in the lives of adolescent
children of incarcerated parents. For this purpose, the parents of these children were interviewed. Semi-structured
interviews with 12 male life convicts from Central prison, located in a mid-sized city in South India, who are in
prison for not less than six months were conducted to examine the patterns of resilience among children of these
prisoners. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Themes revealed risk and protective factors. The risk factors
were psychological problems of the child, negative family emotional climate, teacher rejection, social isolation and
hostility. The protective factors were compassion, positivity in the family, family cohesion, teacher's support,
positive interpersonal relationship and social support. The study revealed that parents perceive that the children use
protective factors in order to protect themselves while facing adverse conditions, despite the presence of major risk
factors for healthy psychosocial development.

Pages: 139-151Praballa Ashmitha and Narayanan Annalakshmi (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)

Pages: 134-138
V. Gobinath and T. Jothimani (Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)

The times of the day chosen by people to work and sleep during a typical day defines the Chronotype of a person.
Based on the chronotype, people are generally classified as morning and evening people. Extensive studies have
been done to find the effect of the chronotype of a person on his physical and mental well-being. Previous research
has found that morning people have a healthier lifestyle than evening people. The present study aims to examine the
relationship between the chronotype and happiness among healthy young adults residing at Coimbatore. The
sample (N = 215) consisted both male (n = 105) and female (n = 110) young adults. The participants were
administered with Morningness Eveningness Questionnaire (Horne & Ostberg, 1976) and Oxford Happiness
Questionnaire (Argyle & Hills, 2002). The data collected was analyzed by using Pearson's correlation Coefficient.
The analysis of the data revealed that there is a moderate positive correlation between Morningness and happiness
among healthy young adults. The morning people are happier than the evening people. Unique contribution: The
humans' Circadian rhythm depends upon the light and other natural stimuli from the environment. Exposure to
artificial light sources during evening and night times has made human life much easier than before. But on the
downside it tends to promote more of Eveningness in people spanning over generations at the cost of subjective
well-being.

Pages: 134-138V. Gobinath and T. Jothimani (Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts & Science…

Pages: 122-133
Alex Arockiasamy Susairathinam (Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines)

This qualitative study explored lived experiences of separated women in Tamil Nadu, India. Survey of the literature
describes: divorced women experience high amount of anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts, sleep disorders, stress
that adversely affecting their life , self, thinking and putting them in emotional and behavioral problems. The impact
of divorce, in the context of India is severe because of social stigma and economic hardship, so this study aimed to
know the factors that led to marital separation and psychological well-being of separated women after separation.
Participants included in this study were nine (9) women with marital separation. The researcher conducted in-depth
interview with the participants. The transcripts were content analyzed by a research team of two, reviewed by an
auditor and arrived to consensus of the final themes. The final themes from exploration of women's lived experience
revealed dysfunctional marital relationships led to marital separation and psychological well being seen in their
resilience, positive relationships and emerging self. The implications for family psychology and future research
directions are discussed for Tamil Nadu context in Indian.

Pages: 122-133Alex Arockiasamy Susairathinam (Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, De La Salle University, Manila…

Pages: 216-221
Rajitha Menon Arikkatt and Santhosh Ayathupady Mohanan (Programs in Counseling Psychology, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Assumption University of Thailand, Hua Mak, Bangkok)

Eudaimonic approach to well-being is a relatively less researched area in psychology in which human potential and
optimal development is emphasised in contrast to the popular hedonic approach that focuses on pleasure attainment.
Based on the related literature, we hypothesised a causal link between self-compassion and eudaimonic well-being,
being mediated by personal growth initiative – a personal resource that facilitates positive development. Using a
mediation analysis, we examined the role of personal growth initiative on the relationship between eudaimonic
well-being and self-compassion in young adults. The participants were 346 undergraduate students from Bangkok,
Thailand. Reliable and valid Likert-type self-report inventories were used to measure the variables. The findings of
this study support a positive relationship between self-compassion and eudaimonic well-being (r = .64, p< .01),andpersonal growth initiative partially mediates this relationship. Being self-compassionate in early adulthood triggerspersonal growth initiatives and this enhances the eudaimonic well-being of the students in turn. The results arediscussed with an emphasis on the mediating role of personal growth initiative in early adulthood. The implicationsof the study are also discussed with its limitations.

Pages: 216-221Rajitha Menon Arikkatt and Santhosh Ayathupady Mohanan (Programs in Counseling Psychology, Graduate School of…

Pages: 201-211
Rashmi Ranjan Behera (Doctoral Research Scholar, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal)
Priyadarshi Patnaik ((HSS), Head (Rekhi Centre of Excellence foe the Science of Happiness), Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal)
Damodar Suar ((HSS &Rekhi Centre) Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal)

Relationship is identified as a key indicator of well-being. While literature from diverse fields addresses different
aspects of relationship in the context of well-being, a well-articulated conceptualization of relationship, which
examines its components and dimensions, hardly exists. This study critically examines the extant literature to
address this issue. It identifies 27 key components of relationship that contribute significantly to well-being. It
classifies them under four dimensions and proposes a conceptual relationship model that presents interactions
among the dimensions and indicates pathways through which the dimensions contribute to well-being. Limitations
of this study, and future directions for research are discussed.

Pages: 201-211Rashmi Ranjan Behera (Doctoral Research Scholar, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal)Priyadarshi Patnaik…

Pages: 194-200
Sarika Khandelwal and Kavita Koradia (Department of Home Science, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

Literature on meditation suggests multi fold benefits on personality. Yet, very few researches explored meditation in
its traditional context utilising both empirical and anecdotal evidence to get insights about the way it impacts the
practitioners and their subjective experiences. The study aims to explore the impact of a Buddhist Mediation retreat
on Depression, Stress, Anxiety and Affect regulation of participants and their qualitative outcomes. One hundred
subjects were studied through convenience sampling who participated in a ten day meditational retreat for the first
time at Tushita Meditation Centre. Further, qualitative analysis was conducted on ten participants who exhibited
significant changes on their quantitative measures to understand their motivation, deeper perspectives and
experiences of the retreat. The retreat was found to be effective in reducing the severity of depression, anxiety and
stress symptoms significantly and also in regulation of emotions (all p >0.001). The qualitative analysis yielded
overarching themes - (a) Self development, Distress and imbalance regulation; (b) Self exploration, Insightful
values and Physical challenge; (c) internalizing Impermanence and attaining Equanimity. The findings revealed a
complex and dynamic set of interdependent outcomes and processes, which are reinforced by Buddhist teachings
and ethical practices. It also provides a detailed understanding on the impact of meditation retreat interventions
which can be of strategic research benefit for studying as a model system to understand the transforming effects and
in realizing the holistic effect of meditation training at an individual level. It also highlights the need to recontextualize
traditional philosophies into modern meditation practices.

Pages: 194-200Sarika Khandelwal and Kavita Koradia (Department of Home Science, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

Pages: 186-193
Teena Wadhera and Samina Bano (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi)

This study aims to examine the relationship of perceived organisational support, workplace spirituality and work
engagement with turnover intentions. The study samples (N=397) were drawn from the population of Information
Technology (IT) professionals working in IT companies in the Delhi-NCR region, using a purposive sampling
technique. Questionnaire-based survey was conducted using Survey of Perceived Organisational Support (SPOS),
The Spirit at Work Scale (SAWS), Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) and Turnover Intentions Scale. For
testing the conceptual model, structural equation modelling was utilised. PLS-SEM results reveal the existence of
negative significant relationship amongst work engagement and turnover intentions. However, there is no causal
relationship of perceived organisational support and workplace spirituality with turnover intentions. The findings
indicate that organisations should provide meaningful work that could help in improving the retention of employees
by reducing their turnover intentions.

Pages: 186-193Teena Wadhera and Samina Bano (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi)

Pages: 181-185
S. Hemalatha (Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)
R. Deepa (PSG Institute of Management, Coimbatore. Tamil Nadu)

Emotional intelligence is a component of social intelligence. it is the ability to know our emotions, others emotions
and applying it in interpersonal relationship. Emotional intelligence serves as the antecedent for job performance,
job satisfaction and is important for managerial success. Emotional intelligence is also considered as a mixed
construct linking it with personality. The aim of the study is to determine the relationship between emotional
intelligence and personality. Deepa Krishnaveni Emotional Intelligence Test and five factor model of personality is
used in the study for measuring emotional intelligence and personality. Component based structural equation
modeling with partial least square method is used to study the relationship between emotional intelligence and
personality. Visual PLS software is used for analysis. The study found that emotional intelligence is positively
related with conscientiousness, agreeableness, extraversion, openness to experience and negatively related with
neuroticism.

Pages: 181-185S. Hemalatha (Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)R. Deepa (PSG Institute of Management…

Pages: 176-180
Kaivalya B P (Department of Psychology, SDM PG College, Ujire, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka)
Maheshbabu N (Department of PG Studies and Research in Psychology, SDM PG College, Ujire, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka)

In India, there are countless different diets, and lifestyles, revolving around food choices. What we choose to eat,
what lifestyle we choose to follow can have a great impact on our physical and mental health, our relationship with
others and the society. Likewise, it also indicates how much we care about fellow non-human animals and how our
lifestyle is affecting them and our surroundings. Veganism is a growing movement which is considered as a crueltyfree
lifestyle, which revolves around the ethics, moral and empathy of humans towards other living beings. The
present study is aimed at studying the Lifestyle and Empathetical values among Vegans. The study is exploratory in
nature and adapts concurrent triangulation mixed research design. The participants of the study include 30
Vegetarians to Vegans and 30 Non-Vegetarians to Vegans. The semi-structured interview was conducted to get a
deeper insight into the Lifestyle and Empathetical values among Vegans, developed by the researcher (2019). The
inductive thematic analysis method was employed to analyse the qualitative data obtained, resulted in the
emergence of various themes underlying meaning among both the samples that were more or similar had a partial
difference as a whole, which were discussed and compared. The main findings indicated that there is a major
increase in the physical and mental health of the participants after becoming Vegans. There exists a sense of
empathetical and moral alignment with their action, and a sense of remorse from past actions.

Pages: 176-180Kaivalya B P (Department of Psychology, SDM PG College, Ujire, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka)Maheshbabu N…

Pages: 173-175
Ramya Ranjan Behera, Munmun Mohapatra, Chandan Kumar Maity, Ranajit Bera, Deepak Panda, Diganta Panda, Karthik R. and Sukanya Borkataki (Doctoral Research Scholar, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal)

Resilience is the ability to succeed despite a lot of barriers, hurdles, and obstacles that make it difficult for students to
succeed in life. The resilience level of students is critical as it assists them in adjusting their life pressures, stresses,
adapting to new environments and overcoming challenges. The current study aimed to investigate the gender
difference in resilience among the students of IIT Kharagpur belonging to two different age groups. The sample
consisted of 137 students, including 80 boys and 57 girls. The instruments used were Schutte's Emotional
Intelligence Scale for emotional intelligence and the Brief Resilience Scale for resilience. Product Moment
Correlation analysis was conducted to analyze the association between emotional intelligence, CGPA, and
resilience. The findings revealed that female students are more resilient than male students, and there was no
association between CGPA and resilience. However, there was a significant relationship between emotional
intelligence and resilience. Studies on resilience could be helpful for educational psychologists, counselors,
educational researchers, and curriculum developers to organize some programs to enhance the coping and resilience
level of students, which may have a direct effect on students' performance and educational level.

Pages: 173-175Ramya Ranjan Behera, Munmun Mohapatra, Chandan Kumar Maity, Ranajit Bera, Deepak Panda, Diganta Panda…

Pages: 170-173
Monica Sharma and Vedika Jain (Department of Psychology, IIS (Deemed to be University), Jaipur, Rajasthan)

Ageing is inevitable part of human life cycle which is mostly considered negative. In the modern years a new notion
of ageing gracefully has been in light which incorporates both positive and negative aspects of ageing wherein
negative aspects are accepted and how to positively deal with them is the main focus. Death anxiety i.e. omnipresent
in our lives and affects each and every one of us in different ways. It has influences on gender, age, psychological
state, well being and religiosity. Religiosity is a way for people to improve satisfaction and reduce worries and
psychological well being refers to how people evaluate their lives. The aim of the study is to understand the
mediating role of religiosity in relationship between death anxiety and psychological well being among elderly. The
sample comprised of 60 elderly individuals (males & females) aged 60 to 80 years from Jaipur city. Tools employed
were- Death anxiety scale (Dhar et al., 1998); Psychological Well-Being Scale (Ryff, 2007); and Religiosity
Measures Questionnaire (Rohrbaugh et al., 1975). The results of the study revealed important finding which can be
used for making elderly age gracefully.

Pages: 170-173Monica Sharma and Vedika Jain (Department of Psychology, IIS (Deemed to be University), Jaipur…

Pages: 167-169
Akanksha Soni and Anshika Bhalla (Department of Psychology, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab)

The current study explored the relationship between adjustment problems and emotional intelligence among
college students. The sample comprised of 50 females and 50 males, from colleges in and around Patiala district
(Punjab). Adjustment problems of students were measured using Bell's Adjustment Inventory and Emotional
Intelligence by Emotional Quotient Test. The results indicated a negative relationship between adjustment
problems and emotional intelligence. Females were more competent in dealing with daily hassles of life as
compared to males. In addition to this, females managed their emotions in more competent manner as compared to
their counterparts.

Pages: 167-169Akanksha Soni and Anshika Bhalla (Department of Psychology, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab)

Pages: 64-67
Alisha Chauhan and Sukhmani (Department of School of Business Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

The green revolution in Punjab had huge positive impact on the whole country in making the country self-sufficient
in food grain production, but also had never ending negative impact, the traces of which can still be seen in terms of
agricultural chemicals affecting health of people of Punjab, as well as continuous environmental depletion. Several
techniques and technologies have been invented to withdraw the further depletion of natural resources, two of
which have been discussed in this study. Soil Nutrient Testing and Leaf Color Chart are the two technologies that are
readily available and are not expensive, so that the farmers from even the small and marginal categories can utilize
these. The study attempts to test the impact of Soil Nutrient Testing and Leaf Color Chart, when used in
combinations, on the N fertilizer input and the yield of the wheat produce obtained. It can be evidently observed that
these technologies are highly efficient and effective in resource management as well as increased outputs.

Pages: 64-67Alisha Chauhan and Sukhmani (Department of School of Business Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana…

Pages:1-10
Sangeeta Trama and Vandana Rana (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab)

The population of the elderly is growing rapidly across the globe and is emerging as a serious area of concern for the government and policy makers. U.S. Census Bureau reported that India's older population is projected to quadruple by mid century, while that of the world is expected to triple. Due to increasing longevity and changing lifestyle factors, health of the elderly has become a matter of concern for every nation. The aim of the present study was to study the contribution of humor and emotion regulation towards health of the elderly. The sample comprised 150 elderly people & (75 males and 75 females) in the age range of 55-70 years who had retired from government service and were residing with their families. They were administered Humor Styles Questionnaire, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Mental Health Inventory-18 and General Health Rating Index. Inter-correlations were computed and general regression model was applied. The results revealed that humor solely or alongwith reappraisal contributed towards health of the elderly. Both, humor and reappraisal were significantly contributing towards mental health outcomes of the elderly males, whereas, in case of their physical health, affiliative and self-enhancing humor were found to do so. Affiliative humor was found to be a positive predictor of physical health of elderly females, whereas, in case of their mental health, none of these variables were found to be potential predictors. It was further found that health was positively related with affiliative and self-enhancing humor, though its links with aggressive and self-defeating humor were relatively missing. Reappraisal was found to be a significant determinant of health in elderly males, though it was significantly correlated with physical/mental health of both, males and females. Reappraisal was found to be linked with affiliative and self-enhancing humor particularly. The links of suppression with humor/health were, by and large, missing for both, elderly males as well as females. It was thought-provoking to find a positive relation between reappraisal and suppression. Purchase PDF
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Pages:1-10Sangeeta Trama and Vandana Rana (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab)

Pages:11-15
Gopa Bhardwaj (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India)
Majed M. Al-Ali (General Controller of Scholastic Activities, Ministry of Education, State of Kuwait)
Ajay Pratap Singh (Department of Applied Psychology, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, UP India)

The present study was conducted in State of Kuwait and Republic of India as a cross cultural study in order to study relationship between depression and self esteem, optimism, and stress. The present study was administrated on adolescent secondary school students from Kuwait and India (150 males & 150 females). The results indicated that there are differences between genders for some variables irrespective of the country. Results showed a significant negative relationship between depression with self esteem, and optimism, but positive correlation with stress. Stepwise regression showed that self esteem, stress, and optimism as predictors of depression in Kuwait environment, however in India the results showed that only stress and self esteem are the predictors.

Pages:11-15Gopa Bhardwaj (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India)Majed M. Al-Ali (General Controller of…

Pages:16-20
Umesh L. Bharte (Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi)

What does the present paper has to offer to the ongoing debate of whether we should have a separate, new positive psychology? The preliminary contribution is three-fold. First, an attempt is made to situate the claim of novelty in the context of endeavours of positive psychologists in providing a kind of history of psychology to justify and serve their own purposes. Second, declaration of positive psychology as representing a paradigm shift is re-examined following Kuhn's philosophical underpinnings. Finally, the questions related to pedagogy, and efforts to institutionalising positive psychology are posited. All of these lines have rarely been taken up in the debate about positive psychology, and when taken not for the concerns emphasised here. It is argued that only after embarking upon the issues raised in the paper, prerequisite to have a separate, new psychology for human strengths and virtues would adequately be evaluated.

Pages:16-20Umesh L. Bharte (Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi)

Pages:21-23
Annalakshmi Naryanan (Bharathiar University, Coimbatore,Tamil Nadu)

Causal attributions play a predominant role in diverse behaviors. The present study attempts to find whether resilient distinguished himself / herself on causal attributions for events in terms of the underlying dimensions identified by Weiner (1979). A convenient sample consisting of 120 students studying in higher secondary class was used in this study. The age of the subjects in the sample ranged from 15 to 16 years. Both males and females were included in the sample. The Revised Causal Dimension Scale (CDS-II) (McAuley, Duncan, & Russell, 1992) and Resilience Scale for Adolescence (READ) (Hjemdal et al., 2006) were used to obtain measure of causal attributions and resilience of the Subjects. Criterion groups were formed representing high group and low group on resilience using the median score of the distribution of scores of the sample on READ. The groups were compared with each other on dimensions of causal attributions namely Locus of Causality (LOC), Stability(S), External Control (EC) and Personal Control (PC) using ANOVA. Findings show that locus of causality and personal control significantly differentiated low and high group on resilience. Highly resilient were higher on locus of causality and on personal control. The perceived the cause of events to be originating from within them and perceived higher degree of volitional influence that can be exerted over a cause by them was found to be characteristic of resilient.

Pages:21-23Annalakshmi Naryanan (Bharathiar University, Coimbatore,Tamil Nadu)

Pages:24-26
Suneet Verma (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)

The paper examines Bhakti in light of the classical Indian depiction of emotions, viz. - the Rasa Theory. Bhakti is viewed as a movement in the emotional life of the aspirant, from minor devotional states (survival/pleasure/ego orientation), to major devotional states (love orientation). Drawing from Sri Aurobindo, a connection is then made between Bhakti and Psychic unfoldment. Devotional love provides the bedrock for a life lived in and from the Psychic. Further, years of observation, introspection, and reflection have lead me to conclude that one of the most essential pre-requisites for making an effective counselor/therapist is a groundedness in love, which ought to forever radiate from the being of the helping person. Traditionally in India, individuals turned to their gurus in times of crisis and suffering, and upon encountering the guru, the healing process began immediately because of the unconditional love and acceptance on the part of the guru, for the distressed individual. This paper thus focuses on the nature of (S)self work which takes one in the direction of becoming love (or more loving), and in this process better able to help others, and thereby also facilitate one's own evolution.

Pages:24-26Suneet Verma (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)

Pages:27-29
Akbar Husain (Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pardesh)

There is a considerable significant increase in behavioral disorders among people of various age groups. The prevalence of behavioral disorders is mainly due to socio-cultural changes, ignorance, love with this world, stress at the personal, social and organizational level, etc. Spiritual remedies have proven to be of tremendous benefit and value to the human beings at large. From the point of view of Islam, behavioral disorders are due to the deviations from the Islamic traditions. Husain (2006) has discussed anger, conceit, envy, gossiping and false suspicions, hypocrisy, and ignorance, love of worldly wealth, miserliness, ostentation, and pride and boastfulness and suggested the coping strategies for these evils and vices in the light of Islamic traditions.

Pages:27-29Akbar Husain (Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pardesh)
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