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Pages:59-63
Dinesh Niak (N.V.P. Mondals Arts, Commerce & Sciences College Lasalgaon, Nasik, Maharastra)
Ashok Parasar (SPPU Pune, Maharatra)

"School mental health" in recent years has taken on a much broader meaning, with an increasing emphasis on the host of possibilities that schools provide for clinicians, teachers, administrators, students, families, and community members to collaborate in promoting the overall well-being of all students (ESMH). Mental Health is a state of well being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with normal stresses of life, can work productively and is able to make contributions to his or her community (Leonard, 2005). To study the mental health among school students 100 students were selected as the sample group, in the age range between 13 to 18 years were taken from 2 schools of Dharmpuri, Indore. Samples were selected purposively for the study. who were fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected for the present study. The tools used for assessing the variables are Socio Demographic Data Sheet & family details (Self made), PGI Health Questionnaire (Verma, Wig, & Pershad, 1985). This study revealed that the frequency and percentage of the subject about their total mental health on both areas healthy and poor health were 57% and 43% respectively.

Pages:59-63Dinesh Niak (N.V.P. Mondals Arts, Commerce & Sciences College Lasalgaon, Nasik, Maharastra)Ashok Parasar (SPPU Pune…

Pages:64-67
Arunya B. and Thamilselvan P. (Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Affiliated to Bharathiar University, Coimbatore)

With the increasing demands, we are put on a 24x7 clock running behind goals, weekend targets. Mindfulness provides an opportunity to open doors to the beauty of present moment. With empirical evidence supporting the benefits of mindfulness, an indigenous scale is essential. This study focused on developing an indigenous scale to measure the various affective and cognitive qualities that fosters mindfulness as conceptualized by Jon Kabat-Zinn and Shauna-Shapiro, Jeffrey-Schwartz. An intensive set of focus group discussion, trial run and expert reviews were done. Post expert reviews, a sample of 105 college students were given the scale to assess the Internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha 0.796) and Test Retest reliability of 0.548 respectively. Concurrent validity of the scale based upon its relation with Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (Greg Feldman, Adele Haves, Sameet, Kumar, Jeff Greeson, & Jean Philippe Laurenceau, 2006) is found to be 0.576. Item were reduced throughout the standardization procedure and a final version of 30 item scale with the response category- Never, Sometimes, Often, Always was formulated along with norms. The scale shall be extended further beyond college population.

Pages:64-67Arunya B. and Thamilselvan P. (Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Affiliated…

Pages:68-72
Ayub Ghasemian and Venkatesh Kumar G. (Department of Studies in Psychology, University of Mysore, Mysore )

The aim of the present study was to enhancement of autonomy through life skills training among adolescent students. A conceptual analysis of different theoretical perspectives has resulted in an integrative model of attitudinal, emotional, and functional autonomy. Attitudinal autonomy refers to the cognitive process of choosing and defining a goal. Emotional autonomy refers to the affective process of feeling confident about one's own choices and goals. Functional autonomy refers to the regulatory process of developing a strategy to achieve these goals. Adolescent Autonomy Questionnaire by Noom et al. (1999) was used to measure adolescent students' autonomy and each component. After the pre-test a total of 200 adolescent students who measured low on autonomy were selected and divided into experimental and control groups (50 boys & 50 girls in each group). Life skills training program designed by World Health Organization (WHO) was administered to the experimental group in 8 training sessions of 120 minutes and the control group was kept under observation. The results showed that life skills training has significantly increased autonomy of the intervened sample than non intervened sample. We also found positive effect of life skills training in increasing all the sub-components of autonomy-attitudinal, emotional and functional autonomies.

Pages:68-72Ayub Ghasemian and Venkatesh Kumar G. (Department of Studies in Psychology, University of Mysore, Mysore…

Pages:73-75
Priyanka Behrani (Department of Psychology, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat)

The present paper focuses on the comparative perspective of the concept of pleasure as described by Sigmund Freud founder of Psychoanalysis and the Indian view. The Psychoanalytic theorists suggest that the reduction of tension by the satisfaction of needs leads to happiness or Pleasure. It is theorized that happiness is because of achievement of goal which leads to satisfaction, so satisfaction is happiness. Humans are pleasure seeking creatures; Freud called this need for satisfaction, the Pleasure Principle which can be defined as the desire for immediate gratification of needs with no regard for consequences. The nature of pleasure as discussed in Indian literature maintains similarity and contrast with the psychoanalytic view. Madhusudana maintains that pleasure and pain are modes of mind (Antahkarnavrtti). Prasastapada (400 A.D.) defines pleasure as an agreeable feeling, pleasure arises from the conjunction of the mind with the self. It brings about an experience of agreeable feelings, inclines the self in its favor and produces its satisfaction .There is no pleasure apart from self it is a quality of the self, it is a subjective feeling and is affected by desirable objects. Vardhamana (1250 A.D.). Pleasureis a subjective experience the same object produces pleasure in one person may not in the other person. It is ultimate end of all our prudential action it is not a means to some other end. According to Samakhya and the Yoga , Sattva, Rajas, and Tamas produce pleasure ,pain and dejection respectively. They are the constituents of the mind . Pleasure is delight it is a mode of mind, and not a quality of the self and a function of sattva.

Pages:73-75Priyanka Behrani (Department of Psychology, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat)

Pages:76-78
J. R. Patil (Department of Psychology Rajaram College, Kolhapur, Maharashtra)
R. K. Adsul (Department of Psychology, Smt. M.G. Kanya Mahavidyalaya, Sangli, Maharashtra)

The main aim of the study was to assess the family relationship of 10th grade students with Altruism and aggression. The sample of the study comprised of 60 students. (30 boys & 30 girls) selected randomly from Kolhapur city. Data collected from Family Relationship Scale, Altruism Scale and Aggression scale. The data was analyzed by 't' test. The results of the study revealed there is no significant difference between family relationship and altruism but family relationship has a significant influence on aggression.

Pages:76-78J. R. Patil (Department of Psychology Rajaram College, Kolhapur, Maharashtra)R. K. Adsul (Department of Psychology…

Pages:79-82
Tarun Choudhary and A.V.S. Madnawat (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

The present study aspired to investigate whether Spirituality is a significant predictor of Compassionate Love in Compassion Virtue Icons - Psychiatrists and Psychiatric Social Workers. It was hypothesized that Spirituality will be a significant predictor of Compassionate Love in Compassion Virtue Icons - Psychiatrists and Psychiatric Social Workers. A purposive sample of 400 Compassion Virtue Icons 200 Psychiatrists and 200 Psychiatric Social Workers from various Government and Private Hospitals and Psychiatric Centers located in Jaipur City of Rajasthan State was selected. The Predictor Variable (Spirituality) was measured by Underwood, Lynn et al. (2002) whereas the Criterion/Outcome Variable (Compassionate Love) was measured by Compassionate Love Scale (Sprecher & Fehr, 2005). The Correlational Research Design along with Regression Model was employed. The Multiple Regression Analysis was computed to investigate whether Spirituality was a significant predictor of Compassionate Love in Compassion Virtue Icons Psychiatrists and Psychiatric Social Workers. It was empirically proved that Spirituality is a significant positive predictor of Compassionate Love in Compassion Virtue Icons Psychiatrists and Psychiatric Social Workers. The results are interpreted in the light of existing researches.

Pages:79-82Tarun Choudhary and A.V.S. Madnawat (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

Pages:83-86
Ashwini P. Patil (Department of Psychology Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra)
R. K. Adsul (Department of Psychology, Smt. Mathubai Garware Kanya Mahavidyalaya, Sangli, Maharashtra)

The present study examined the correlation between resilience and well-being among adolescents. The sample consisted of 120 adolescents were selected for the study which includes 60 males and 60 females from Kolhapur city. Random sampling method was used for the data collection. Resilience was measured by Adolescent Resilience Questionnaire (Deirdre Gartland, 2006) and well-being was measured by General Well-Being Scale (Kalia & Deswal). The Method of central tendency was used for data analysis and computes the Mean, SD and calculated 'r' values. The results indicated that the there is a positive correlation between resilience and well-being among adolescents whereas the mean score of males is more than females, its showed that the level of resilience and well-being of males is higher than that of females. The findings also indicated that significant positive correlation between various dimensions of resilience and well-being. The present study revealed that well-being was a valuable predictor of resilience among adolescents.

Pages:83-86Ashwini P. Patil (Department of Psychology Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra)R. K. Adsul (Department of Psychology…

Pages:87-91
Sankalita Mukherjee (Department of Psychology, Victoria Institution, Kolkata, West Bengal)

Psycho education to family members has been emerged as an important prerequisite to modern psychiatric treatment and rehabilitation, since through psycho education many problematic areas related to patient care and compliance with the treatment can be successfully addressed. Being an indispensable adjunct to modern psychiatric treatment it is more efficacious in targeting all areas of patient's illness and functionality quite suitably than any single therapy based approach. Effects of bipolar disorder can be far-reaching, both into the lives of patients and those around them. Severe cognitive, emotional and behavioural dysfunctioning related to illness lead to burden, expressed emotion, life stress, avoidance coping, decreased quality of life and lesser social support in family members of patients because of their inability in understanding the meaning of psychiatric and neurological symptoms. Primary caregiver plays multiple role in care of the ill persons, not only they take day-to-day care of the patient, supervise medications, take the patient to the hospital and look after the financial needs but also they have to bear with the behavioral disturbances in the patient. Experiencing considerable stress and burden they might develop an unhealthy coping style which may adversely affect the caregiving function and their own health. Interventions techniques have proven efficacy in reducing relapse rates and negative impact of symptoms on caregivers and can diminish negative attitudes and increase the willingness in the caregivers in providing care to patients. Through intervention caregivers are imparted knowledge about illness, its course, etiology, warning signs and various ways of managing the patient during distress and dysfunctioning. Psychoeducational training is a way of offering help for caregivers, representing a forum for knowledge sharing, and in which the primary focus is on psychological themes aimed at carers developing coping skills and strategies. It helps caregivers to become skilled in closer monitoring of disease treatment and symptoms which can have major implication in the evolution of the disease over the long term. The goals of these efforts are educational, prevention and to promote psychological health among caregivers as well as the patients.

Pages:87-91Sankalita Mukherjee (Department of Psychology, Victoria Institution, Kolkata, West Bengal)

Pages:92-94
Shashikant Sarjerao Pisal (Jeevan Prabhodhini Kanya Mahavidyalaya Vita, Sangli)
R. K. Adsul (Department of Psychology, Smt. Mathubai Garware Kanya Mahavidyalaya, Sangli, Maharashtra)

The purpose of the study was to find out the difference in mental health of adolescents from low, middle and high economic status families. Selected adolescents were from (Tasgaon & kavthemahankal taluka) sangli district in Maharashtra. 150 students from 10 and 12th std. were selected by random sampling method from rural area. High, middle and low economic status 50 students of each category were selected(N=150, male 75 & female 75).Their age range was 16to18 years. Data collected through mental health battery and economic status scale and analyzed by mean, S.D, and t' test. Results revealed that mental health of adolescent from middle economic status family is better than that of adolescents from high economic status family. There is no significant difference between adolescents of high and low economic status families on mental health. The middle economic status family adolescents are better than low economic status adolescents. There is difference between boys and girls on mental health. Boy's mental health is better than girls.

Pages:92-94Shashikant Sarjerao Pisal (Jeevan Prabhodhini Kanya Mahavidyalaya Vita, Sangli)R. K. Adsul (Department of Psychology, Smt…

Pages:677-680
Vrushali Pathak and Shefali Mishra (Department of Psychology, Jesus and Mary College, Delhi University, Delhi)

Song is a special type of speech and response to sound is one of the most highly developed abilities in the newborn infant, children thus need to be musically nurtured from birth. Lullabies and child directed songs make up some of the earliest performances of music and cultural knowledge to which a child is exposed. Children show preferences for music from their mothers' culture, and thus, their acculturation begins before birth (Custodero & Jonson-Green, 2003). These lullabies can have a unique influence on a developing child's mind and understanding of their ethnic, religious, familial or even personal identity. With advent of technology and changes coming in the family system the practice of lullaby singing is also changing, yet its importance can't be overlooked.

Pages:677-680Vrushali Pathak and Shefali Mishra (Department of Psychology, Jesus and Mary College, Delhi University, Delhi)

Pages:673-676
Deepak Salvi (Department of Clinical Psychology, AIBAS, Amity University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan )

Over the past two decades, rapid urbanization, institutionalization, advanced technology, cultural diversity and sometimes geographic mobility have radically transformed the environment and this new environment has fundamentally altered the circumstances of growing up as an adolescent in the developing countries like India. Furthermore, the research in the field of adolescent development has undergone a growth spurt and knowledge has expanded significantly. Adolescence is a critical period of overall development which poses significant developmental challenges specifically in academic achievement but fail to demonstrate optimal growth, adjustment and adaptation success in other domain for e.g., behavior and emotion regulation. Adolescents who do not successfully meet developmental challenges may experience mental and behavioral problems as a result of this failure and may further interfere with successful adaptation. Adolescent behavior problems such as substance abuse, antisocial behavior and mental health behavior problems are substantial in rapidly developing countries like India. An understanding of risk and protective factors at multiple levels including child, family, school, peer group and community has influenced the intervention strategies. However at individual level there is a paucity of careful consideration, knowledge and studies of changing the perspective of challenges from positive psychology point of view. Positive psychology provides a view of changing the developmental challenges into opportunities that would promote the optimal development of cognitive, emotional, moral and identity development in adolescents. This article is an attempt to understand the concept of challenge v/s opportunity paradox while inculcating the positivism through perspective taking approach during the critical adolescence period. This article would facilitate the understanding of developing and linking competence to opportunities to learn to mitigate challenges through positive psychology.

Pages:673-676Deepak Salvi (Department of Clinical Psychology, AIBAS, Amity University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan )

Pages:670-672
Monali Devaraj Mathad and Balaram Pradhan (Division of Yoga & Humanities Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana, Bangalore, Karnataka
)
Rajesh S. K. (Division of Yoga & Physical Sciences Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana, Bangalore, Karnataka
)

Nurses and nursing students regularly get exposed to pain and sufferings of the patients. Indeed, being empathic and compassionate during patient care is required, yet, the decline in empathy and experience of compassion fatigue was evident during the clinical experience. Here comes the role of self-compassion. Self-compassion is being warm and caring at times of hardship, being kind to self, accepting suffering or unpleasant experiences as they are and being non-judgment. When an individual can be compassionate towards self, he/she can be compassionate towards others during suffering. Substantially, interventions that would improve self-compassion can be emphasized in the nursing curriculum. However, brief self-compassion intervention, MBSR program, and yoga intervention have reported promising results.

Pages:670-672Monali Devaraj Mathad and Balaram Pradhan (Division of Yoga & Humanities Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana…

Pages:667-669
Kusha Pant and Ritu Singh (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, G.B.P.U.A. & T., Pantnagar, Uttarakhand)

India has experienced rapid growth and development in the past years. The role played by women in the socio-economic growth of families and the country is significantly visible. Starting from giving birth to a child till holding hands of elders when they need it the most, are two most grateful roles every woman performs to maintain the social health of the family. This article is an effort to emphasize the key role of women in conserving the social health of family. Some guidelines for women to enhance the social health of their loved ones have also been included.

Pages:667-669Kusha Pant and Ritu Singh (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home…

Pages:663-666
Anupam Kumar Yadav, Neena Kohli, and Shreshtha Yadav (Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh)

Thriving at work is a joint experience of vitality and learning. Vitality means feeling of energy during work while learning means acquiring new knowledge and skills at work. Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam's Wings of fire has been chosen because he is considered one of the most thrived personalities of India. Hermeneutics was applied as a qualitative method to analyse the text. Factors which promote thriving has been explored in this paper are knowledge about the work, positive interpersonal relationship, focus on the task at hand, exploration and creativity, positive attitude towards work information sharing with supervisory support. These factors confirms the meaning of thriving at work explained by socially embedded model of thriving. This paper lacks empirical evidences and further empirical researches are needed to validate the result of present study.

Pages:663-666Anupam Kumar Yadav, Neena Kohli, and Shreshtha Yadav (Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad…

Pages:659-662
D. P. Pawar (Department of Psychology, Bhonsal Military College, Nashik, Maharashtra )

In the present paper, nature of happiness is discussed from the perspective of selflessness. Selflessness is described as losing one's sense of being and dissolving in the present moment completely. Research findings from some of the leading scientists, psychologists and spiritual leaders like Richard Dawkins, Jonathan Haidt, Danial Kahneman, Csikszentmihalyi and Eckhart Tolle are discussed. Popular concepts from the field of positive psychology like flow and savoring and their relevance to happiness are also discussed. Asian teachings and values of selfless service of mankind and collectivistic culture in comparison with western individualistic culture are discussed. Some of the disadvantages of materialism and consequent psychological problems are also discussed. It is derived that when one forgets his or her separateness from others, true joy and happiness emerges.

Pages:659-662D. P. Pawar (Department of Psychology, Bhonsal Military College, Nashik, Maharashtra )

Pages:654-658
Mira Talathi and R.S. Mhaske (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra )

The transition to adolescence presents developmental challenges in physical, social, intellectual and psychological arenas. Adolescents typically experience more intense emotions. Life becomes more complex, and more mature coping skills are required to navigate this terrain effectively. To help them 'surf the waves' of emotion changes mindfulness based programs have been incorporated in therapy for adolescents with clinical issues. In Indian context, there is paucity of research dealing with helping non-clinical adolescents with their emotional turmoil. Present research, based upon Ecological momentary assessment, focuses upon understanding and exploring emotional liability in adolescents and observing effect of mindfulness on regulating emotions. Measurement of emotional liability was derived from self report of emotions gathered from 106 participants (57 experimental, 49 control) sampled four times daily over first four and last four days of intervention program. Twenty days long Mindfulness Meditation Intervention (MMI) was adopted from sitting meditation designed by Jon Kabat-Zinn (2012). Results show that positive index of liability and negative index of liability are positively correlated and the correlation decreased significantly after MMI. Gain score analysis reflected that in experimental group negative emotional liability and distraction reduced significantly as compared to control group. Detailed analysis of control group showed that distraction increased while relaxed mood decreased in 20 days long period. While in experimental group boredom, anger and distraction reduced significantly. This shows that mindfulness meditation practice has helped adolescent to reflect upon their emotions, reducing negative emotions and being able to achieve better balance between positive and negative emotions. The finding would be used in development of various emotion regulation programs for adolescent at personal level and educational setup.

Pages:654-658Mira Talathi and R.S. Mhaske (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra )

Pages:648-653
Heena A. Kamble and Satishchandra B. Kumar (Department of Applied Psychology and Counselling Centre, Vidyanagari, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, Maharashtra )

Using elements of Psychology and Philosophy, this theoretical paper extends James Rest's Four Component Model of ethical decision-making and moral behaviour comprising of moral awareness, moral judgment, moral intention and moral character. While facing an ethically-charged situation, the original model - though a non-linear model - is widely considered to begin with moral awareness. However, in this paper, the model is revised with the help of mindfulness, reperceiving, and addition of a new component of moral spontaneity; and a proper sequence is assigned to the various five components, beginning with moral intention, followed by moral awareness, moral judgment, moral character; and resulting in moral spontaneity after several repetitions in the first four components. It is argued in this paper that ethics are skills, which can be developed with proper training in mindfulness and reperceiving. The resulting Five Component Model of ethical decision-making is proposed to be a prescriptive model for training and development in ethical decision-making at workplace.

Pages:648-653Heena A. Kamble and Satishchandra B. Kumar (Department of Applied Psychology and Counselling Centre, Vidyanagari…

Pages:645-647
Neha Sharma, Seema Sharma, and Tejpreet Kaur Kang (Department of Human Development and Family Studies College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

The present study was undertaken to investigate the assessment of social and emotional maturity amongst juvenile delinquents. The sample comprised of 120 respondents in 16-18 years of age range, selected from observation homes of six districts, from three cultural zones of Punjab. Further the sample was distributed over two sexes i.e. 80 males and 40 females. Scales used to collect the relevant information for the study were: Social Maturity Scale (Rao, 1986) Emotional Maturity Scale (Singh & Bhargava, 1990). Data depicts that maximum number of the delinquents belonged to the average level of delinquency. Low levels of social and emotional maturity were found in most of the delinquents. The juvenile delinquents had shown average level of work orientation, followed by social commitment.

Pages:645-647Neha Sharma, Seema Sharma, and Tejpreet Kaur Kang (Department of Human Development and Family Studies…

Pages:639-644
Joy Kirt Waraich and Vijay Kumar Chechi (Department of Education, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab)

The present study aims to test the suitability of the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) by Ralf Schwarzer and Matthias Jerusalem (1998) in the Indian context especially for women who have been through the university system. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Cronbach's statistics was carried out in order to examine the validity and reliability of the scale in Indian context. Based on a sample of 358 respondents' empirical evidences demonstrate an excellent fit of unidimensional structure of a 10 item GSE scale in the Indian context and an adequate alpha coefficient (0.83) for entire scale. Present study provides first direct evidence for the psychometric properties and unique identification of the GSE in the Indian context, especially for women with graduation as the minimum level of education, both working and non-working from rural and urban areas. This GSE scale has wide implications and applicability in the academic field and through it in all spheres, where women have come to play a significant role. The GSE scale will help to analyse and access the gaps and discrepancies in the programmes, re-route feedback, thereby helping in taking the corrective actions whenever necessary by modifying current interventions.

Pages:639-644Joy Kirt Waraich and Vijay Kumar Chechi (Department of Education, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab)

Pages:636-638
Divya Dovina T. and S. Karunanidhi (Department of Psychology, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu)

In the present study an attempt was made to develop and validate a scale to measure marital expectations among young adults. Such an attempt was made as there was a dearth in the availability of a suitable scale to measure the marital expectations in the Indian context. Data was obtained from available literature, in depth interviews with advocates, psychologists, marital counselors etc., and focus group interviews that were conducted, in order to generate items for the scale. After generation of items, content validity, inter item reliability and test retest reliability were established. Norms were framed based on Mean ± Standard Deviation, using the data collected from a sample of undergraduate students from the districts of Chennai, Thiruvallur, and Kanchipuram.

Pages:636-638Divya Dovina T. and S. Karunanidhi (Department of Psychology, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu)
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