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Pages:572-576
Soneymol George Palamattathil and Rosalito De Guzman (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines)

Bipolar II is a mood disorder characterized by shift in mood, energy and activity level due to remitting/relapsing episodes of hypomania and major depression. In general, on-going depressive symptoms in the bipolar patients are widely connected with impairment in various realms such as academic or occupational functioning, duties at home, psychological well-being and interpersonal relationship with family members, friends, and others. Consequently, the patients suffer from poor quality of life. Recognizing the need of a holistic adjunct therapeutic intervention for women with bipolar II disorder who are suffering from enduring depressive symptoms, the researcher developed the 'Holistic Quality of Life Intervention' (HQLI) integrating the Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Theory and Stress-Buffering Model of Social Support. The intervention was subjected to expert's validation by seven inter-disciplinary experts and a feasibility test was conducted with ten women diagnosed with bipolar II disorder who were in moderate level of depression and poor quality of life. The intervention was positively received by the participants and the results of the pilot study displayed significant decrease in depression and increase in quality of life among the participants.

Pages:572-576Soneymol George Palamattathil and Rosalito De Guzman (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila…

Pages:564-571
Manoj Kumar Pandey and Pankaj Tripathi (Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh )

The purpose of this study was to (a) examine the relationships between positive approaches (positive outlook, optimism, health esteem & external health locus of control) and coping with the emotional and behavioural consequences of disease in cancer and AIDS patients, (b) to find out the best predictors among positive approaches that reduced the impact of emotional and behavioural consequences of associated with one's disease.(c) Moderating role of satisfaction in positive approaches (positive outlook, optimism, health esteem & external health locus of control) and coping with the emotional and behavioural consequences of disease. The sample consisted of 100 people suffering from terminal illness such as Cancer and AIDS. Both male and female from rural and urban settings were taken for this study within the age range of 20 to 80 years with mean score 35.73 years. The education level of the patients within the range of illiterate to post graduate. Two type of the scale were used in this study. First scale comprises of emotional focused coping and problem focused coping. Further, emotional focused coping scale was the combination of two sub scale i.e. positive outlook and health esteem. While, problem focused coping was the combination of two sub scale i.e. optimism and health locus of control. Second scale for assess the emotional (negative feelings) and behavioural (hopelessness) consequences associated with one's disease. All these scales were based on Likert 5-point rating scale and have a high reliability coefficient. The results of the study revealed that there is a negative correlation between emotional focused coping with emotional and behavioural consequences associated with terminal illness. There is no significant difference was found between problem focused coping with emotional consequences (negative feelings) but a significant negative relationships with behavioural consequences (hopelessness). Another important findings of this study is that emotional focused coping approach has been found the best predictor for minimizing the effect of negative feelings and a sense of hopelessness among patients. On the other hand, health esteem as a dimension of emotional focused coping and optimism as problem focused coping strategies were emerged as the best predictors of the negative feelings while, health esteem become the best predictor in case of minimizing the feelings of hopelessness in patients.

Pages:564-571Manoj Kumar Pandey and Pankaj Tripathi (Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh…

Pages:558-563
Rajesh George and Marc Eric S. Reyes (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines)

Burnout syndrome is an alarming issue in the modern work culture and its prevalence has amplified extensively as compared to the past. Psychiatric nurses, due to the peculiar nature of their work are heavily exposed to the damaging effects of burnout. This study was aimed at developing an intervention program for alleviating burnout and ameliorating quality of life of the nurses employed in psychiatric hospitals in Kerala and to pilot test its viability and usability in the clinical practice. The researcher employed a mixed research approach particularly the sequential exploratory design in the program development phase. Maslach Burnout Inventory-HSS and WHOQOL-bref were used respectively to assess the level of burnout and quality of life of the psychiatric nurses. In order to have a better knowledge of the current scenario and prevalence of burnout among the mental health nurses, researchers carried out need-assessment survey, semi-structured interviews and focused-group discussions. Basing on the insight received from these assessment procedures, researchers developed an eight-modular intervention program, Positive Self-Process Program (PSPP), integrating the Multi-dimensional Theory of Burnout and Self-Compassion Theory. The newly developed intervention program was content validated by eight inter-disciplinary experts and content validation showed excellent Cronbach's co- efficient (α .90). PSPP was pilot tested for its feasibility with 10 nurses engaged in mental health services. The intervention program had a positive effect on the participants of the pilot study. This was validated through the statistical analysis of the data using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, which showed reduced burnout and improved quality of life.

Pages:558-563Rajesh George and Marc Eric S. Reyes (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila…

Pages:554-557
Mansi Verma (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)
Salma Seth (Department of Applied Psychology, Vivekananda College University of Delhi, Delhi )
Narendra K. Chadha (Faculty of Behavioral and Social Science Manav Rachna International University, Faridabad, Haryana )

Over the past few decades, increase in life expectancy has facilitated longevity of family members but decreasing fertility rates have reduced the number of members to support each other, thereby giving birth to more complex family structures. This change in inter-personal dynamics has instigated major scientific attention towards its possible implication on various facets of intergenerational relationships and family life. Although the Theory of Intergenerational Solidarity and Theory of Ambivalence, have been by far the most widely utilized theoretical contributions, borrowed from social sciences, for conceptualization of this interpersonal exchange, however, they do not essentially cover all the underlying dynamics and therefore it is argued that still a need exists for theoretical guidance and further consolidation of the discipline, specially from the psychological and developmental perspective. With this respect, in the present article, the usefulness of the concept of generativity, from Erikson's theory of life span development, is reviewed and its contributions, limitations and prospects for understanding intergenerational relationships have been explored.

Pages:554-557Mansi Verma (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)Salma Seth (Department of Applied Psychology, Vivekananda…

Pages:547-553
Arun Kumar Jaiswal, Lok Nath Singh, Rashmi Rani, Seema Rani Sarraf, and Dipti Pandey (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

The Positive Metacognitions and Meta-emotions Questionnaire (PMCEQ) developed by Beer and Moneta (2010) measures adaptive metacognitive beliefs when facing challenging situations. The cultural adaptation of Hindi version of PMCEQ was conducted in 17 to 75 years old (n = 838) Hindi speaking men and women participants of Varanasi city of Uttar Pradesh of India. The psychometric properties of the PMCEQ-H (Hindi version of PMCEQ) indicated good internal consistency with fairly high reliability and little different factor structure than that of original PMCEQ and acceptable construct and convergent validity. The CFA indicated that PMCEQ-H had an adequate and acceptable model fit indicating good construct validity. The three factors extracted were 'Confidence in Setting Flexible and Feasible Hierarchies of Goals (PMCEQ-H1)', 'Confidence in Interpreting Own Emotions as Cues, Restraining from Immediate Reaction and Mind-Setting for Problem-Solving, (PMCEQ-H2)' and 'Confidence in Extinguishing Perseverative Thoughts and Emotions (PMCEQ-H3)'. The gender and age differences analyses also indicated that the instrument has good predictive validity. The PMCEQ-H1 and PMCEQ-H2 factors correlated positively with satisfaction with life, and all the three factors of PMCEQ-H correlated negatively with negative affect and BDI-II indicating good convergent validity of the instrument, thus, the PMCEQ-H produces a reliable and valid measurement of adaptive metacognitive beliefs in Hindi speaking Indian cultural milieu.

Pages:547-553Arun Kumar Jaiswal, Lok Nath Singh, Rashmi Rani, Seema Rani Sarraf, and Dipti Pandey (Department…

Pages:542-546
Talieh Eslami and Ladan Hashemi (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran )

The main objective of this research is to investigate the parenting styles in families with emotional divorce and comparing it with the normal and formal divorced families. In present research, the parenting styles are dependent variables which are analyzed in normal, emotionally divorced and formally divorced families. The sample included 525 girl and boy students in grade 1 of high school, in district 1, Shiraz city, with their parents without any problems and the parents involved in formal and emotional divorces which is selected using a clustering random sampling method. In order to recognize the families involved in emotional divorce, their score was considered in emotional divorce. For investigating the parenting styles, the Young's parenting styles questionnaire was used. After completing theses scales by the sample, the data collected in a causal-comparative procedure were evaluated and analyzed using SPSS. The findings implied that there is no significant difference between mothers' parenting styles in formal, emotional divorced and normal families. While, there is significant difference between fathers' parenting styles dimensions in formal, emotional divorced and normal families. Therefore, the differences between these 3 groups are insignificant in deprivation, abandonment, unreliability, vulnerability and merit and in other dimensions are significant.

Pages:542-546Talieh Eslami and Ladan Hashemi (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran…

Pages:539-541
Morteza Khezli (Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran)
Kazem Khezli (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)
Mitra Ashrafpouri (Department of Psychology, Shahid Chamran University
Ahvaz, Iran )
Mahbobeh Daneshmand (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)

One of the important factors that have a significant impact on development and can play an important role in increasing it. Education. New techniques and projects promoting productivity and development cannot be created and used without trained personnel. Human resources are based on facilities. Skills the knowledge and attitude that you have learned from education can play a significant role in improving and increasing productivity during various stages. One of the reasons for the low productivity in our society is that, unfortunately, education which is a direct result of the promotion of the scientific level and Specialist workers in different organizations have been forgotten while in the world of competition Today, undoubtedly, one of the most important tools in creating the organization's transformation and survival and achieving the goals and missions defined for these new educational programs and approaches is that many organizations consider education as a cost, It is dedicated to the training of human resources that this misconception leads to the organization's backwardness of technology and knowledge. It is not a cost of education but an investment in the pursuit of organizational goals. In this paper, the role of the importance of goals and place to demonstrate training for the development and improvement of human resources.

Pages:539-541Morteza Khezli (Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran)Kazem Khezli (Department of…

Pages:535-538
Sadollah Abpeyma and Morteza Keshavarz (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran )

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prediction of emotional intelligence and mental health based on Islamic lifestyle in students of Payame Noor University of kharameh. The research method is descriptive and correlational. The sample consisted of 300 students (150 female & 150 male) who were selected by available sampling method. The participants of Golman Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (GHQ) Goldberg completed the Kaviani Eslami Life Style Questionnaire. In this research, Pearson correlation and multiple regression methods were used. The results showed that components of Islamic lifestyle predict students' emotional intelligence, In considering the relationship between the predictive power of students' mental health and the components of lifestyle according to the results, it can be seen that the moral variable (p=0.0001) can predict the mental health of students. There is also a significant difference between the male and female students' lifestyles in the results.

Pages:535-538Sadollah Abpeyma and Morteza Keshavarz (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran…

Pages:531-534
Farzad Amiri (Department of Psychology, Isfahan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran)

The objective of the current study is assessing the role of thought action fusion with dimensions and the severity of obsessive compulsive disorder in the adolescents in Ardabil province. The research design is descriptive in the form of correlation and prediction .Sample concluded 84 adolescents by obsessive compulsive disorder who refer to Ardabil province clinics in 2014 whom, according to clinical physicians and based on DSM-5 criteria were diagnosed with obsessive compulsive disorder. The participants completed the materials of obsessive Compulsive Inventory- Child Version, Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale-Severity Rating, Child Assessment of Beliefs Scale, the questionnaire of children depression and Thought-Action Fusion Scale. Research data were analyzed by descriptive statistics indices, person correlation analysis, separation coefficient, multi-variant regression using SPSS. The obtained results suggest the relationship between total scores of obsessive compulsive inventory and thought action fusion. Also , there is no significant relationship between though action fusion and insight, severity , particular elements of obsessive compulsive inventory and depression, but some of obsessive compulsive domains had a relationship with thought action fusion which was weak and insignificant .the collection of our findings except non- relationship between depression and thought action fusion has been conducted along other researches. Discussion: The results were expressed according to theoretical bases and clinical findings were discussed.

Pages:531-534Farzad Amiri (Department of Psychology, Isfahan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran)

Pages:528-530
Kazem Khezli (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)
Farazmand Kalantari (Department of Psychology, Shahid Chamran University Ahvaz, Iran)
Ali Fadami (Department of Psychology, Bushehr Branch Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran)
Soheyla Amir Gholami (Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between parenting styles and parents' happiness with mental health of preschool children. The research method is descriptive correlational and the statistical population is the parents whose children are studying in preschools. In this research, the sample size was estimated using the formula of 118 people. Finally, using a simple random sampling, 118 individuals were selected as the sample. Bamrind parenting styles, Oxford Happiness Inventory and Mental Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were used to measure variables. Analysis of the results by Pearson correlation test showed that there is a significant relationship between parenting styles and mental health components. Also, correlation test, ANOVA test and Tukey post hoc test showed that there was a significant relationship between the components of happiness and mental health of children and if happiness is a type of life satisfaction, the mental health of children will also be good.

Pages:528-530Kazem Khezli (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)Farazmand Kalantari (Department of…

Pages:524-527
ElahePir Zadeh and Ladan Hashemi (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran )

Present research aims to investigate the relationship between assertiveness levels with occupational satisfaction and stress among hospital personnel. In order to achieve the research objectives, a sample consisted of 132 participants were selected among the Shiraz hospital personnel using accessible sampling. In order to gather the information, the assertiveness questionnaire, Dante's occupational satisfaction questionnaire and occupational stress questionnaire (Hss-35) were used. In order to analyze the data, SPSS and regression procedure were used. The results of this research indicate that assertiveness is a negative predictor of role incompatibility, role ambiguity, relation with colleagues and ergonomic factors and entire stress score. Also, it is the positive predictor of entire score and dimensions such as success, gratitude, responsibility, work nature, human relations management, insecurity, safety and satisfaction with colleagues. The findings of this research implied that the more assertive the hospital personnel is, more occupational satisfaction and less occupational stresses would be experienced.

Pages:524-527ElahePir Zadeh and Ladan Hashemi (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran…

Pages:519-523
Sunil Kumar Agrahari and Asha Kinra (Department of Psychology, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan)

The purpose of the present study was to compare the self-concept of adolescent boys and girls. For this research work, the incidental purposive sampling techniques will be used for the selection of the subjects. In all there will be 120 Adolescent of urban area of Ajmer city, Rajasthan, in which 60 boys and 60 girls were selected. Adolescent's age limit was 12 to 18 years old. The Self-concept Questionnaire developed by Kumar Saraswat was used. Results indicated that there is significant difference between overall self-concept of adolescents boys and girls. But when we compare the different dimension of self-concept, adolescents boys have better self-concept in physical, social, temperamental and moral self-concept as compared to adolescents girls. Whereas in educational and intellectual dimension both have awareness of their studies, career & educational activities and awareness of their intelligence to solve the problems come in daily life and take judgment according to it.

Pages:519-523Sunil Kumar Agrahari and Asha Kinra (Department of Psychology, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan)

512-518
Vinod Kumar Bhardwaj (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana )
Manju Rani (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana )

The migration of mass population within their own countries has become a serious problem worldwide because it affects the people, their livelihood and also results in cultural alienation and identity crisis. It is one of the vital issues faced by human civilization now-a-days. There are number of peoples who have been migrated due to violence, natural disasters internal conflicts and communal violence. The aim of the present study is to explore the differences in personality, wellbeing and coping patterns among Kashmiri migrants employees and Kashmir non migrants employees. The sample used in the present study consisted of two groups of subjects viz. Kashmiri migrants employees (n=75), Kashmir non migrants employees (n=75). Friedman well-being scale, Neo-FFI, and way of coping (Lazarus) were used the measure the above variables. Descriptive statistic (mean; standard deviations) t- ratios and Discriminant function analysis were computed to compare the two groups in terms of significance of mean differences. Results clearly shows that there are significant differences in well- being, personality and coping of migrants and non- migrants.

512-518Vinod Kumar Bhardwaj (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana )Manju Rani (Department of…

507-511
Santhosh Kareepadath Rajan (Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka)
P. R. Harifa (Department of Psychology, Indira Gandhi National Open University, Vatakara Regional Centre, Kerala)
Ruopfuvinuo Pienyu (Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka)

The present study examines the influence of locus of control, academic engagement and self-efficacy on the academic resilience among the school children. Sample included 155 (81 females & 74 males) high school students from Malabar, Kerala, India. The measures used for the study were academic resilience scale, locus of control scale, general self-efficacy scale, and academic engagement scale. Correlation analysis indicated a correlation between academic resilience and self-efficacy. Independent sample t test results showed a significance difference between male and female for academic resilience. However, there was no significant difference among the male and females for self-efficacy, academic engagement and locus of control.

507-511Santhosh Kareepadath Rajan (Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka)P. R. Harifa (Department of Psychology…

500-506
Keerti Dewal and Satishchandra Kumar (Department of Applied Psychology & Counseling Centre, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, Maharashtra)

With the rise in entrepreneurship and the challenges entrepreneurs have to face, their psychological well-being gets affected. Personality factors have been seen to impact psychological well-being. This relationship is also mediated by other contributing factors. The present study was undertaken to determine the relationship between the big five personality traits and psychological well-being of entrepreneurs along with the mediating effect of psychological capital on the personality psychological well-being relationship. A sample of 124 entrepreneurs operating in the city of Mumbai was selected for the purpose. Data was collected using the survey method and correlation, regression and mediation analysis were performed to analyze the data. Results indicated personality traits and psychological capital are significantly positively related to psychological well-being of entrepreneurs. Psychological capital mediates the personality well-being relationship. Implications for educational and training purposes are discussed.

500-506Keerti Dewal and Satishchandra Kumar (Department of Applied Psychology & Counseling Centre, University of Mumbai…

495-499
Jagpreet Kaur and Shaigan Amin (Department of Education & Community Service, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab)

Psychological capital is a positive state-like capacity. Psychological capital is defined as an individual's positive psychological state of development and is characterized by having self-confidence (self-efficacy); redirecting paths to goals (hope); making positive attribution (optimism); and even beyond (resilience) to attain success (Luthans et al., 2007). Transition from one age to other could cause a psychological, academic and social shock to them. The objective of the present study was to explore the psychological capital and stress among school students. The stratified random sampling technique was used to collect the data from 11thand 12th class students (n=200) from government and private schools affiliated to PSEB. The data was analysed by using descriptive method statistics, t-test and correlation. This study reveals that there is no significant gender differences were found in stress among school students. The results of the study revealed significant and negative relationship of stress with psychological capital among school students. A significant difference was found in psychological capital and its dimensions viz. efficacy, hope and resilience among school students in relation to type of school. However, no significant difference was found in stress among private and government school students. Implications of these results are discussed.

495-499Jagpreet Kaur and Shaigan Amin (Department of Education & Community Service, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab)

490-494
Annesha Ganguli and Ishita Chatterjee (Department of Applied Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal)

In the present study, we have examined the impact of Age, Gender and Socio-economic status on Morality and Valued living of 300 individuals belonging to four zones (North, South, East, & West) of Kolkata City. The results of the study revealed that (a) age of the individuals seems to have a significant impact on their morality and valued living, (b) gender of the individuals seems to have a significant impact on their morality and valued living and (c) socio-economic status of the individuals seems to have a significant impact on their morality but not on their valued living. The present study appears to be quite relevant in the present scenario of our society. The implication of the study lies in taking proper care for the inculcation of moral values among the youth as they are the future of our society.

490-494Annesha Ganguli and Ishita Chatterjee (Department of Applied Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal)

484-489
Gauri Sharma and Anita Sharma (Department of Psychology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh )

The present investigation aims to study the four aspects of quality of life i.e. health, psychological well being, social relationship and environment between executives and technocrats. The sample comprised of 200 executives and 200 technocrats with equal number of both the genders, within the age range of 25-40 years. Data were gathered by using WHOQOL- BREF Scale (1996). Findings indicated significant differences between executives and technocrats and males and females on all the four aspects of quality of life. Results revealed that executives who are the planners of the organization are high on most of the aspects of quality of life as compared to technocrats. And males, the dominant sex of the society stood higher on all the aspects as compared to females

484-489Gauri Sharma and Anita Sharma (Department of Psychology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh )

478-483
Debakanta Sarangi (Department of Psychology, Sambalpur University, Jyotivihar, Sambalpur, Odisha)
Rabindra Kumar Pradhan (Department of Humanities and Social Science, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal)
Lalatendu Kesari Jena (Faculty Member-OB & HR, Central University of Orissa, Koraput, Odisha )

Human capital is not a rigid or absolute entity in its characteristics, and interestingly its value changes from context to context. There are various potent factors which help in optimizing this intangible capital to its highest. The factors like emotion and intellect are always at the center of discussion in human affairs providing the bedrock for developing psychological competencies. Present day literature supports the fact that emotional intelligence is an important ingredient to prepare the elixir of success be it in professional world or in personal sphere. Hence, the present empirical study has tried to explore the dynamics of emotional intelligence that shares with two important factors such as organizational role stress and job satisfaction in Indian public and private sector industries. The findings have revealed that there exists significant difference between public and private sector organizations with regard to job satisfaction. The study has also disclosed that irrespective of sectors emotional intelligence stands negative correlated with organizational role stress. Thus, organization needs to recruit people, train people and develop people in the area of emotional intelligence so that they can handle pressure, multiple job-roles and produce better performance.

478-483Debakanta Sarangi (Department of Psychology, Sambalpur University, Jyotivihar, Sambalpur, Odisha)Rabindra Kumar Pradhan (Department of Humanities…

Pages: 156-162
G. Swarna Rekha Rao (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Spicer Adventist University, Pune, Maharashtra)
Arun Kumar Jaiswal (Department of Psychology, Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

The Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (MAI) developed by Schraw and Dennison (1994) assesses metacognitive awareness of individuals in terms of 'knowledge of metacognitions' and 'regulation of cognitions'. In an attempt to ascertain psychometric adequacy and factor structure of MAI in Indian cultural setting exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed by administering 52 items of MAI on 15 to 17 years old students (n = 326) of English medium School in Roorkee city of Uttrakhand, India. The obtained results indicated good internal consistency with fairly good reliability indices of the two factors extracted and the whole scale and an acceptable construct and convergent validity. However, out of 52 items only 25 items meaningfully loaded on two factors in EFA followed by CFA by AMOS, and the two factors were assigned their original names 'knowledge of cognition' (KC) and 'regulation of cognition' (RC). The CFA indicated that 25-items MAI had an acceptable model fit indicating good construct validity in Indian setting, and the scale was named as 'MAI-short version'. The gender and streams of education differences also demonstrated that the scale has good predictive validity. The KC, RC subscales as well as whole MAI-short version correlated significantly positively with academic grade percentages of the students, however, the 'r' values were low indicating an acceptable convergent validity of the instrument.

Pages: 156-162G. Swarna Rekha Rao (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Spicer Adventist University…
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