Indian Journal of Health & Wellbeing

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Attitude towards dowry: Comparison between boys and girls college students, employed and unemployed male persons of Tripura Pages: 1732-1735 Deepa Ghosh (Department of Psychology, N. S. Mahavidyalaya, Udaipur, Tripura) The study aimed at examining the attitude of the boys and girls students and male employed and unemployed persons towards Dowry. The study was conducted on 154 individuals. Among them 84 college students (boys-50; girls-34) were selected from three different degree colleges of Tripura and 70 male persons (35 employed and 35 umemployed) were selected from different strata of the society. The age of the college students ranged between 19-21 years whereas the ages of all the employed and unemployed persons were above 30 years. For the purpose of data collection, the Dowry Attitude Scale (DAS) was utilized. The test retest reliability coefficient and validity of the scale are 0.88 and 0.89 respectively. The study revealed that the girls possess favourable attitude towards dowry. Further, significant difference was found between the attitude of the boys and girls college students. No significant difference was evident between the attitude of the male employed and unemployed persons towards dowry. Surprisingly, all the groups possess favourable attitude towards dowry. Pages: 1732-1735Deepa Ghosh (Department of Psychology, N. S. Mahavidyalaya, Udaipur, Tripura) Read more Get Access
Sex variations in obsession-compulsion of tobacco users Pages: 1736-1738 Ankita Deshmukh and Bansh Gopal Singh (School of Studies in Psychology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur) Addiction is associated with various psychological factors. The present study was planned to study Obsession Compulsions in tobacco addictives. Obsession- Compulsion in Gudhakhu Users' was studied on a sample of 28 males and 28 females who use gudhakhu 3-4 times a day. Non users were also studied on a similar sample (28 males and 28 females). To measure obsession-compulsion in participants a self developed Obsession-Compulsion Inventory Screening Form was used. The results indicated that obsessive-compulsive behavior trait was found more in gudhakhu using group. It also indicated that females had more Obsession- Compulsion than males. The interaction between the genders and the user group was found insignificant in both compulsion and obsession. Pages: 1736-1738Ankita Deshmukh and Bansh Gopal Singh (School of Studies in Psychology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla… Read more Get Access
Memory enhancer: Acupressure Pages: 1739-1741 S. Goutami (Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Indore, Madhya Pradesh) Memory is a central process of human and animal behavior. Generally research areas cover Memory applications, Memory Development, Memory processes, Memory systems and related processes. Present study aims at investigating how memory can be enhanced by using alternative methods like acupressure. 40 adolescent girls, of age group 17-18 years, chosen by applying accidental sampling for administrating acupressure points for enhancement of memory. t-test was computed, the results highlight that there is significant enhancement of memory of girls with application of acupressure points. Pages: 1739-1741S. Goutami (Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Indore, Madhya Pradesh) Read more Get Access
Child abuse psychological effect and measurement Pages: 1742-1744 Kalpana Singh and S. K. Srivastava (Department of Psychology, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar, Uttarakhand) The five-year-old girl, was abducted, brutalized and raped allegedly by two men in east Delhi(2012), 'Indian couple from Andhra Pradesh facing charges of child abuse burnt and hit their seven-year-old son with belt (2012),.'Three minor girl of juvenile home were raped by peon at Allahabad'(2012),.'The Noida serial murder and abuse case (also Nithari serial murders, Nithari Kand) took place in nithari village in 2006'. Child abuse is a crime which is committed by individuals who are frustrated by their own lives. Abusing a child is as serious crime as killing a person because a child is soft by nature and any abuse that he or she goes through in early stages of life, leaves a lasting effect on its mind for always. However child finds it difficult to forget or erase such memories all he or she ends up in is being frustrated. Some of the victims of child abuse lose their confidence forever and lead their lives as introverts. Childhood is the primary stage of life. It knows no worry or anxiety, no good or evil. It is the period of both ignorance and innocence. The heart of a child is as pure as a Crystal and it is also said that “God lives in a child” But some people without understanding the importance of the fact that a child is God's gift, abuse them to an extent that their future is ruined forever. The paper is an attempt to analyze the nature and psychological consequences of child abuse. Pages: 1742-1744Kalpana Singh and S. K. Srivastava (Department of Psychology, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar, Uttarakhand) Read more Get Access
Recreational need assessment of 15-64 years old citizen in Shiraz city in personal, environmental, social and cultural dimension in 2013 Pages: 1745-1747 Marzieh Ebrahimi (Department of Physical Education, Sports Management, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran) Younes Mohammadzadeh and Leila Jamshidian (Faculty of Humanities, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran) The objective of this research was the recreational need assessment of 15 64 Years Old Citizenes in Shiraz City in three dimensions of individual, environmental-social and cultural. The research method was a descriptive survey. The statistical population of the study consisted male and female citizen of Shiraz from which 496 were selected using stage sampling method (appropriate to sample size). The research instrument was a researcher questionnaire containing 65 close ended questions. The reliability of the questionnaire proved to be 0/96 using Cornbrash's alpha coefficient and validity of the questionnaire was a superficial and content validity. The data was analyzed both through descriptive (frequency, percentage and standard deviation) and inferential (one-variable t-test, Independent-sample t-test, One way analyzed of variance, LSD test and Freidman) statistics. Analysis of the findings revealed that the most important recreational needs of Shiraz citizens are the need for recreational programs for adolescents considering the individual dimension with the average of 4/06, the need for recreational facilities part in (parking, enough light and recreational facilities) considering the environmental - social dimension with the average of 4/12, and the need for places to hold sport classes considering cultural dimension with the average of 3/86.The recreational needs of citizens were above the average in all three dimensions. No meaningful difference was seen in citizens, recreational needs in the three dimensions regarding age, sex and income. A meaningful difference was seen among recreational needs in individual dimension considering education, marital status and occupation. In addition, there was a meaningful difference among recreational needs in environmental-social dimension regarding owning a car. The most obstacles for participating in recreational program was the distance between recreational places and living place. Pages: 1745-1747Marzieh Ebrahimi (Department of Physical Education, Sports Management, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan… Read more Get Access
Depression and death anxiety in middle adulthood Pages: 1748-1750 Mary Nivya A., Sanjana Keerthi, Liya Ajayan and Pavitra B. (Department of Psychology, Avinashilingam University for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) Middle adulthood is known as a period bodily changes and adjustments required to be made psychologically by the individual. Due to hormonal changes in middle adulthood and one's outlook of past achievements and experiences when compared to their current productivity rate, one may become depressed. Age as a factor by itself may be a cause for depression and also death anxiety, where one starts to contemplate the idea of death to be nearing and thus fear death. The study on “Depression and Death Anxiety in Middle Adulthood” was conducted in Coimbatore Tamil Nadu. The sample consisted of 61 randomly selected adults (28 male and 33 female) in the age range of 40 to 60 years. The prevalence of depression and death anxiety were assessed using Beck Depression Inventory (1971) and Death Anxiety Inventory (Donald Temple, 1970) respectively. It was found that majority of the sample suffer from depression at the mild level and middle aged men are prone to milder forms of depression while middle aged women are more prone to moderate and higher levels of depression. When comparing the male and female population, more percentage of the female population suffers from death anxiety than the male population. Statistically significant correlations were found between age and depression, age and death anxiety and depression and death anxiety. There were positive correlations between having married children with both depression and death anxiety for the parents of those children and between depression and years of marriage. Pages: 1748-1750Mary Nivya A., Sanjana Keerthi, Liya Ajayan and Pavitra B. (Department of Psychology, Avinashilingam… Read more Get Access
Association of diabetes mellitus with functional disability in older adults: A review Pages: 1751-1756 Monika Jain, Payal Jain, and Khushboo Gupta (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Banasthali University, Rajasthan) Diabetes mellitus is a common and serious health issue in older people and there is a significant and troubling association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and functional impairment in the elderly. Diabetes is also often associated with a lower rate of health recovery and with a feeling of weakness. Individuals with DM are prone to functional disability due to many reasons such as decreased sensorimotor function, neuromuscular/ musculoskeletal deficits, foot and body pain and pharmacological and related complications. Physical activity is recommended by physicians and clinicians to type- II diabetic elderly patients, as it increases sensitivity to insulin. To implement preventive policies for reduction in functional disability in older diabetic people, the role of diabetes in the disability process should be investigated. DM is consistently associated with a greater prevalence of functional impairment as well as with a progression in disability states and may be considered as a brake on recovery phase. This association is partially explained by existing complications, associated conditions (obesity, hypertension and depression), treatment burden and other social characteristics (lower income and lower educational level). In this review, our aim is to describe the role of DM in the functional disability in older people and to identify possibilities of functional disability prevention in elderly people. Thus, DM may be considered as a frailty factor in geriatric population. However, the reasons and mechanisms of these deleterious effects of diabetes on functional inability need to be clarified. Pages: 1751-1756Monika Jain, Payal Jain, and Khushboo Gupta (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Banasthali… Read more Get Access
Awareness of responsibilities, emotional balance and family adjustment in children of working and non-working women Pages: 1757-1759 Subodh Bansod (Department of Psychology, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj, Nagpur University Mahatam Jyotiba Fule Education University, Campas, Nagpur, Madhya Pradesh) During the stage of development, child undergoes a number of physical as well as mental changes which gives rise to a number problems related to emotional, educational, social and other aspect of behavior. Family plays a very important role in the emotional, educational and social development of the child. The child is more readily impressed by the life and example of the mother than that of father. Present study was undertaken to compare the awareness of responsibilities, emotional balance and family adjustment of the children of working and non-working women. The sample was consisted 300 adolescents learning in ninth standard from randomly selected four schools of Nagpur. Out of 300 adolescents, 150 were children of working women and 150 were children of non-working women. A questionnaire was prepared on the basis of five dimensions, namely, proud of mother, expectations from mother, awareness regarding responsibilities, emotional balance and family adjustment. It contains 65 questions. Each item was in the form of a statement about the dimensions, the students indicated their agreement with each of the statement on five point scale. This questionnaire was used for collecting the data. The results revealed that there is no significant difference between the mean proud of mother scores of children of working and non-working women. children of working women are better family adjusted than the children of non-working women. Pages: 1757-1759Subodh Bansod (Department of Psychology, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj, Nagpur University Mahatam Jyotiba Fule Education… Read more Get Access
Aging and emotional intelligence Pages: 1760-1763 Pooja V. Anand (Department of Psychology, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi) Recent developments in positive psychology can be applied to develop a positive psychology of aging. One of the most important constructs in positive psychology is emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence refers to the perception, understanding and management of one's own and others' emotions. It is important for psychologists to understand the application and usefulness of emotional intelligence. Because of the aging population, Gerontology, the study of ageing, is an important field to explore the applications of emotional intelligence. Traditionally, the negative aspects of old age have been emphasized. However, recent empirical evidence is emerging that highlights the less recognized skills, potentials, and skills of older adults especially with respect to how they understand and manage their emotions. Hence, more research on the applications of emotional intelligence to Gerontology is advocated. Pages: 1760-1763Pooja V. Anand (Department of Psychology, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi) Read more Get Access
Perceptions and knowledge regarding breast feeding amongst mothers attending antenatal clinic in rural area of Maharashtra Pages: 1764-1766 Rahul R. Bogam (Department of Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College, Pune) Sonali K. Barge (College of Nursing, Bharati Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra) As a global public health recommendation, infants should be exclusively breastfed for the first six months of life to achieve optimal growth, development and health. The role of antenatal mothers in this aspect is of paramount importance, as their sensitization about adopting breastfeeding practices prior to child birth is crucial. The present study attempted to assess the perceptions and knowledge about breast feeding amongst mothers attending antenatal clinic in rural area of Maharashtra. A cross sectional study was conducted at one of the randomly selected tertiary health care hospitals in Pune District. A pretested questionnaire was distributed to 350 antenatal mothers and responses were collected. The data was entered in Microsoft office excel sheet and analyzed. Majority (58%) of mothers were in the age group of 18-23 years followed by 24-29 years of age group and 30-35 years of age group. In present study, 151 (43.14%) mothers were educated up to secondary level and percentage of illiterate mothers was less i.e. 3.14%. The study revealed inadequacies in the knowledge of breast feeding amongst antenatal mothers about certain aspects like exclusive breast feeding, breast feeding during diarrhoea etc. However, good knowledge was observed about some aspects like colostrum, weaning and breast care etc. Pages: 1764-1766Rahul R. Bogam (Department of Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College, Pune)Sonali… Read more Get Access
Effectiveness of group counseling based on cognitive-behavioral on mental health in gifted students Pages: 1767-1769 Maryam Talebi (Family Therapy, Family Institute Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran, Iran) Roghieh Nooripour (Family Counseling, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran, Iran) Hossein Taghizadeh (Department of Psychology, Tehran Universeity, Iran) The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group counseling based on cognitive-behavioral on mental health in gifted students. In this study, The population consisted of all mal gifted high school students' in babol city, 24 students were randomly selected and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) tested, Then randomly divided into two groups (n=12) and controls (n=12). Group counseling based on cognitive-behavioral during 8 sessions, each sessions 2 hour for test group were presented. Data analysis was done through the independent, dependent t-test and analysis of covariance. comparison of the results of tests on the pre-test and post-test showed group counseling based on cognitive-behavioral significantly increase mental health components students in the experimental group compared with the control group. As a result, group counseling based on cognitive-behavioral can be used as an effective intervention to increased the mental health of gifted students by counselors and psychotherapists. Pages: 1767-1769Maryam Talebi (Family Therapy, Family Institute Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran, Iran)Roghieh Nooripour (Family… Read more Get Access
A correlation between blood sugar and blood pressure in diabetic patients Pages: 1770-1772 Santosh Kumar Yadav, Awadhesh K. Arya, Lalit P. Meena and Kamlakar Tripathi (Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P.) Diabetes mellitus and blood pressure are critical combination for the development of macro and micro vascular disease. Blood pressure (BP) variability is associated with increased cardiovascular event in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. The objective of the study was to evaluation of the prevalence of blood pressure systolic and diastolic in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. The cross sectional study was used. This study was conducted in OPD in department of medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi from Jan 2013 to April 2013. The studies examine 400 patients, with 200 diabetic and 200 non diabetic. In diabetic patient (108 male &female 92) mean age (89±18) year and 200 non diabetic patients 102 male 98 female, mean age (82±20) years. The difference between two group was measured by sample t-test ≤ 0.05 was taken significant. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 69 Bihar, 30 Jharkhand, 22 MP, 11 Nepal and68 from Uttar Pradesh. The mean of systolic blood pressure of Diabetic patients are 146mmhg and the mean of Diastolic blood pressure of diabetic patients are 92mmHg. In patients with Diabetic mellitus at higher risk for cardiovascular events, targeting systolic blood pressure is greater than 120mmHg so it is concluded that diabetic mellitus was more affected the blood pressure. Pages: 1770-1772Santosh Kumar Yadav, Awadhesh K. Arya, Lalit P. Meena and Kamlakar Tripathi (Department of… Read more Get Access
A need analysis of citizens social needs to plan leisure and recreational activities in terms of social-cultural dimensions: A case study of Shiraz, Iran Pages: 1773-1775 Sareh Rahimi (Young Researchers Club, Arsanjan branch Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran) Marzieh Ebrahimi (Sports Management, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran) Younes Mohammadzadeh (Faculty ofHumanities, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran) In fact, human beings are always facing the most basic needs which are the driving force of their movements, actions, and behaviors. People have different needs concerning living conditions, family, age, education, and job. So they behave according to the needs they are facing. Therefore, an analysis of humans' basic needs provides a better understanding of causes and motivations behind individuals' behavioral and this understanding is an essential step in providing suitable education as well as reducing the behavioral and psychological problems. Like all other municipal communities, Shiraz has been affected during the past half-century by changes such as the industrial revolution and the development of technology. Besides, such changes have both positive and negative consequences. The objective of this research was the recreational need assessment of 15- 64 Years Old Citizenes in Shiraz City in three dimensions of individual, environmental-social and cultural. The research method was a descriptive survey. The statistical population of the study consisted male and female citizen of Shiraz from which 496 were selected using stage sampling method (appropriate to sample size). The research instrument was a researcher questionnaire containing 65 close ended questions. The reliability of the questionnaire proved to be 0/96 using Cornbrash's alpha coefficient and validity of the questionnaire was a superficial and content validity. The data was analyzed both through descriptive (frequency, percentage and standard deviation) and inferential (one-variable t-test, Independent-sample t-test, One way analyzed of variance, LSD test and Freidman) statistics. Pages: 1773-1775Sareh Rahimi (Young Researchers Club, Arsanjan branch Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)Marzieh Ebrahimi (Sports… Read more Get Access
Self-concept and personality adjustment in orphan children and children living in their home Pages: 1776-1778 Satyadhar Dwivedi (Department of Clinical Psychology, Sweekaar Rehabilitation Institute for Handicapped. Secunderabad, A.P.) Aditi Priya and J. Mahto (Department of Clinical Psychology, Post Graduate institute of Behavioural & Medical Science. Raipur, C.G.) The current research investigated differences in self-concept and adjustment of orphan children and children living in their homes. The sample consisted of 60 children (30 children from orphanages and 30 living in their homes). Purposive sampling technique was used. Children living with both parents were drawn from different private schools and orphan children were drawn from orphanages of SOS village, Mana Camp, Raipur (C.G.). Self concept questionnaire developed by Saraswat (1984) and Bell adjustment inventory developed by Mohsin & Shamsad (1987) were used. The children in orphanages reported lower degree of self-concept and adjustment than children living with their parents. The findings further suggest no significant gender difference in self concept and adjustment of the orphan children and the children living with both parents. The findings of this research will promote our understanding of the personality and self concept and adjustment of children in orphanages and intact homes. Pages: 1776-1778Satyadhar Dwivedi (Department of Clinical Psychology, Sweekaar Rehabilitation Institute for Handicapped. Secunderabad, A.P.)Aditi Priya… Read more Get Access
Coping processes in ankylosing spondylitis Pages: 1779-1783 Neelam (Vocational Counsellor, BPSGMC, Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana) Jogender Singh (Department of Sociology, M.D.U., Rohtak, Haryana) Neeti Rani (Physiotherapist, BPSGMC Khanpur, Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana) Persons with Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are subject to variety of psychosocial consequences, which can be more harmful than the other medical difficulties they have. The present study was mainly aimed at understanding the coping processes used by patients with Ankylosing spondylitis. For this, 100 patients of Anklyosing Spondylitis aged 18 to 30 years were selected from PGIMS, Rohtak and BPSGMC, khanpur Kalan, Sonepat to participate in the study along with 100 normal controls. Data were collected by administering Folkman and Lazarus' Ways of Coping Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (Mean, SD, SK, and KU) to ascertain the normalcy of data, t-ratios to compare the two groups in terms of their mean scores of eight measures of coping, and Discriminant Function Analysis to examine the joint contribution of all the eight variables in differentiation of two groups. Results revealed that patients with AS scored significantly low on Confrontive Coping, Self Controlling, Seeking Social Support, Accepting Responsibility, Planful Problem Solving, and Positive Reappraisal. In Discriminant Analysis, Positive Reappraisal, Self Controlling, and Distancing emerged most potent discriminators classifying the two groups correctly by 83.5%. Overall findings revealed the patients with AS to be significantly low on both the problem-focused and emotion-focused ways of coping. Pages: 1779-1783Neelam (Vocational Counsellor, BPSGMC, Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana)Jogender Singh (Department of Sociology, M.D.U., Rohtak… Read more Get Access
Managing dementia with no pills: Role of caregivers Pages: 1784-1786 Chahal Savita, Anuradha and Govil Deepika (Department of Community Medicine, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana ) Govil Nikhil and Kumar Deepak (Department of Medicine Rajindra, Hospital, Patiala, Punjab) Family caregivers of people with dementia, often called the second doctors, are critical to the quality of life of the care recipients. The support of the caregivers is intrinsic to good dementia care; therefore their role needs to be acknowledged in maintaining individuals with dementia in community. Good and appropriate communication skills, helping them maintain independence and autonomy, providing safe environment, simplification of tasks, structuring of daily routine, and provision of adequate nutrition, engaging them in physical and cognitive exercises are some of the simple but valuable things which caregivers can do for dementia patients. At the same time they experience high rates of burden and psychological morbidity as well as social isolation, physical ill-health, and financial hardship which needs to identified and managed timely. Pages: 1784-1786Chahal Savita, Anuradha and Govil Deepika (Department of Community Medicine, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana )Govil… Read more Get Access
A comparative study of depression and anxiety among alcoholics and non-alcoholics Pages: 1787-1789 Kr. Sajid Ali Khan and Vijayshri (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP) Alcohol is one of the most widely used drug substances in the world. For many people, drinking alcohol is nothing more than a pleasant way to relax. People with alcohol use disorders, however, drink to excess, endangering both themselves and others. In the mental health area alcoholism is caused mostly by depression, anxiety and stress, on the other hand it also leads to depression and stress. The present study aims to compare depression and anxiety among alcoholics and non- alcoholics. It was assumed that depression and anxiety may be the risk factors for alcoholism. A sample of 100 people (50 alcoholics and 50 non-alcoholics) was randomly selected from Delhi. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were used to collect data on depression and anxiety. t-test was administered to compare two groups. The result of the study showed that alcoholic group was higher on depression as well as anxiety than the non alcoholic group, and it was also found that there is no clear cut casual relationship between alcoholism and depression and anxiety. Pages: 1787-1789Kr. Sajid Ali Khan and Vijayshri (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP) Read more Get Access
Managing stress in parents of children with intellectual disabilities Pages: 1790-1793 Abdul Majeed Bhat and Vikas Sharma (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi) S.P.K. Jena (Department of Applied Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi) Intellectual disability in India is a major challenge which not only limits the capacity of the afflicted individual but at the same time also leads to the parent's vulnerability to stressors. There is considerable evidence to suggest that parents of children with intellectual disability experience greater stress than caregivers of children without intellectual disability. This stress tends to be chronic in nature and therefore persists over substantial period of time. Caring for children with intellectual disabilities drains parent's economic, physical, mental and psychological resources. Behavioural problems which are frequently associated with intellectual disabilities add to the parental stress. The present paper while reviewing current literature highlights the nature of stress experienced by parents of children with intellectual disabilities and its effect on family environment and also demonstrates evidence based intervention strategies for its management. The relationship between the child related characteristics and parental stress are also discussed. The results suggest that there are practical implications of reducing parental stress which will be beneficial for general parent training interventions and also for successful behaviour management programmes for children. There is a need to replicate parental stress management programmes with a more diverse group and long-term follow-up. Pages: 1790-1793Abdul Majeed Bhat and Vikas Sharma (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)S.P.K. Jena… Read more Get Access
Reducing negative emotions amongst adolescents: the role of dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) Pages: 1794-1798 Taruna and Sandeep Singh (Department of Applied Psychology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana) Negative emotions are primarily the most common reasons when adolescents seek psychological and pysychiatric assistance and treatment. Amongst the adolescents, it is common to experience the negative emotions of depression, hopelessness, guilt, shame and humiliation. Notably, the negative emotions of depression and hopelessness are the major and most commonly found negative emotions among the adolescent age group. Various therapeutic intervention programmes are available and applied to manage the depression amongst the adolescents. DBT is a comprehensive and extended form of cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) for complex, difficult-to-treat mental disorders (Linehan, 1993a, 1993b). DBT and its adapted and extended forms have evolved into treatment for various psychiatric disorders such as, substance dependence with borderline personality disorder( Linehan, Schmidt, Dimeff, Craft, Kanter, & Comtois, 1999), binge eating(Telch et al,in press), depressed suicidal adolescents( Rathus & Miller,2000), depressed elderly( Lynch,2000) and to variety of inpatients and outpatient psychiatric clinical settings. The primary objective of the present research study was to observe the effect of adapted form of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) for the management of negative emotion of depression and hopelessness amongst adolescents. In the present study authors kept 20 participants on therapeutic intervention for the period of one year. The participants recorded to have high levels of depression on the measure of Beck Depression Inventory- II (BDI-II) and high levels of hopelessness on the measure of Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). Participants were trained exclusively on the skills training modules of DBT in individual as well as group settings and their post intervention assessment of depression and hopelessness levels were recorded with the respective tools after every four months ( baseline, four, eight and twelve months) respectively. Descriptive statistical analysis (mean and standard deviation) and paired t-test was used to test the significance of mean. The results obtained from the present study recorded the significant decrease in the mean depression and hopelessness scores from baseline to twelve months (end of therapeutic intervention). The results obtained from the present study revealed that DBT has a significant role in managing the negative emotions of depression and hopelessness amongst adolescent. It primarily improves the basic interpersonal skills of an individual and teaches to regulate and express the emotionality mindfully. Pages: 1794-1798Taruna and Sandeep Singh (Department of Applied Psychology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science &… Read more Get Access
Treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) through the paths of spirituality: A review Pages: 179-181 Md. Intekhab-Ur-Rahman (University Department of Psychology, B. N. Mandal University, Madhepura, Bihar) Parents are expected that their children learn through socialization processes to pay attention, control their impulses, and organize their behaviours so that they can accomplish long-term goals of their life. Some children have tremendous trouble learning these skills and they have diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Children suffering from ADHD cannot pay attention or quell their hyperactivity, they do not learn the material they are being taught and thus perform below their intellectual capabilities. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is now the most widely diagnosed mental disorder of childhood. Many adults are now diagnosing themselves as having ADHD. Individuals with ADHD usually exhibit symptoms like hyperactivity, fidgeting behaviour, restlessness, excessive talking, inappropriate running and climbing, often ' on the go' , can't wait, interrupt others and impulsiveness. It is pointed out that ADHD is a product of the demands of modern life and its priorities. Patients with ADHD are commonly treated with stimulant drugs (Dextroamphetamine and Methylphenidate). The effects of stimulant drugs on the behaviour of ADHD patients are not as paradoxical as it might seem on the surface. Treatments with stimulants are short-term gains. Several studies have been included in the present paper which suggest that spiritual paths--- meditation, breathing exercises, physical exercises (Yogkriyas/Yoga practices), and practice of positive thinking make one physically and mentally better equipped to manage stress, improve balance and provide calmness to the mind. Spiritual therapy is more likely to lead to both short-term and long-term improvements. Spirituality also helps children/individuals learn to anticipate the consequences of their behaviours and make less impulsive choices about their behaviours. Pages: 179-181Md. Intekhab-Ur-Rahman (University Department of Psychology, B. N. Mandal University, Madhepura, Bihar) Read more Get Access
Effect of parents’ marital satisfaction on the mental health of children in nuclear families Pages: 182-184 N. Munirajamma (Department of Psychology, S.P.W. Degree & P.G. College, Tirupati, A.P.) A study was carried out on 90 students (8th, 9th & 10th class) and their parents to find out the effect of parents' marital satisfaction on the mental health of their children. Marital satisfaction of the parents' was assessed using “Marital Satisfaction Scale” developed by Prathyusha (1987) and Mental Health status of the children was assessed using “Mental Health Inventory” developed by Thorpe and Clark (1959). Results revealed that marital satisfaction of parents significantly affects the mental health status of their children. Children from nuclear families of parents with high marital satisfaction are mentally healthier than the children of parents with low marital satisfaction. Pages: 182-184N. Munirajamma (Department of Psychology, S.P.W. Degree & P.G. College, Tirupati, A.P.) Read more Get Access
Organizational culture and commitment at different hierarchical levels in manufacturing sector Pages: 185-189 S. Subramanian and Kruthika J. (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) Though the OD intervention strategies targeting at enhancing organizational culture and organizational commitment across all the levels of management are gaining much interest, the emergence of subculture at each level with in the same organization poses a greater challenge to HR professionals as it adversely affects the interpersonal effectiveness. Data obtained from 40 operators at the shop floor and 40 managerial staff of private enterprise which involves in manufacturing casting steels on two key factors-organizational culture and organizational commitment revealed that the operator category tend to exhibit high scores, significantly in the following dimensions of Organizational Culture viz confrontation, trust, authority, proaction and collaboration than the managerial staff. Similarly, the operators tend to have high levels of affective, continuance and normative commitment than the managerial staff. As the low levels operator category of employees, contrary to expectation, exhibit more organizational commitment and organizational culture than the managerial staff, the implications for designing suitable training interventions targeting at managerial staff are suggested. Pages: 185-189S. Subramanian and Kruthika J. (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) Read more Get Access
Evaluation of an HIV/AIDS program for adolescents Pages: 190-192 Tejbeer Kaur (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala) The present investigation evaluates the difference in awareness between the pre-tutorial and post-tutorial in adolescents. It assessed knowledge and sources of information about Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome in a sample of 50 students using AIDS awareness test. The most common sources are television, newspaper, magazine and friends but they did not heard of AIDS from parents, teachers and doctors which could be an extremely effective medium to reach people. It revealed that the knowledge of and information about HIV/AIDS amongst the adolescents is grossly inadequate. It needs to undertake intensive health education efforts at school levels as this group is most vulnerable to get HIV infection due to lack of knowledge and misconception about the deadly virus. Implications for policy makers and educators are discussed. Pages: 190-192Tejbeer Kaur (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala) Read more Get Access
Some developmental issues related to quality of parent-infant relationship Pages: 193-195 M. Pradhan and Kirti Madnani (Department of Psychology, Lucknow University, Lucknow ) The present paper examines the quality of relationship between parents and infant and its long term effects on infant's life. Empirical studies suggest that there are some developmental issues regarding above relationship. Feeling of trust, secure attachment and emotion regulation help infants in acquiring abilities to understand and control the experiences of outer world. This may subsequently affect his/her psychological well-being in later life. Infants need to develop a balance between trust and mistrust in forming intimate relationships. The more sensitive responsive and consistent care is provided by the parents the better inner trust will be developed for forming a solid foundation for later crucial periods of life. Another important issue is development of a secure attachment with parents. In this context Bowlby,s attachment theory postulates that with the, availability of parents, repeated interaction, emotional supportiveness, warmth and positive attitude of them, a secure attachment is established. There are some factors like baby's temperament, intergenerational transmission of attachment and emotional communication that may influence secure attachment. Infant's attachment with parents has long term effects in later well-being. Attachment security has been found to be strongly related to children's close friendship, resilience competency, communication skills, self confidence, self reliance in later years of life. Pages: 193-195M. Pradhan and Kirti Madnani (Department of Psychology, Lucknow University, Lucknow ) Read more Get Access
Adult attachment style in relation to personality, and interpersonal relations among youth Pages: 196-199 Hardeep Lal Joshi and Prem Poonam (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra) The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between Attachment Style, Personality and Interpersonal Relations among Indian youth. The sample for the study comprised of 409 youth (205 male and 204 female). The age of the sample range from 17 to 20 years with mean age of 18 years. Attachment Style Questionnaire, 16 Personality Factors Questionnaire and Interpersonal Relationship Scale were administered. The main objectives of the study were to examine the relationship between Attachment Style, Personality and Interpersonal Relations and to find out the predictors of Interpersonal Relations. To meet the objectives of the study, the data was subjected to Pearson product moment correlation and multiple regression analysis. Results showed significant positive correlation between Attachment Style and Personality Factors, between Attachment Style and Interpersonal Relations and Personality and Interpersonal Relations. Multiple regression analysis found three predictors of Interpersonal Relations. Two of the predictors, i.e. TP and AN are from Personality and one i.e. CRTO from Attachment Style. The three predictors explain 15% of the total variance. It can be concluded that Attachment Style and Personality predicts Interpersonal Relations. Pages: 196-199Hardeep Lal Joshi and Prem Poonam (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra) Read more Get Access

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