Pages: 15-20
Sanchita Ghosh (Department of Psychology, School of Social Science Adamas University, Kolkata, West Bengal)
Pritha Mukhopadhyay (Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal)

Reality television show has become a dominating social phenomenon. It transforms regular people into celebrities. Particularly, reality shows of child performers, focusing on singing are enjoying a wide spectatorship. Many participants face immense pressure during the time of filming affecting their psychological well being. The aim of the present study is to explore I) the temperament and character profile; and II) direction of aggression and reaction to frustrating situations of two groups, namely, junior reality television show performer group and control group children. To reach the objectives, both male and female children between 7 to 13 years of age have been chosen and matched on relevant variables. The tools used for this purpose were Rosenzweig picture frustration study (RPFS) and junior temperament and character inventory (JTCI). Data were evaluated using independent sample t- test and Pearson correlation of coefficient. Results indicate that the, junior reality television show performer group has higher novelty seeking, higher intropunitiveness and lower ego defence than control group children. High novelty seeking of the RSG performers may direct them to take part in the reality television shows and low ego defence helps them to learn and accept the daily struggle which they are likely to face before every performance on reality show. Correlation between the scores on RPFS and JTCI reveals that the reality show performers' obstacle dominance (RPFS) is positively correlated to their reward dependence score and persistence (JTCI) score.

Pages: 27-31
Monika Arora, Navdeep Aggarwal, and Mohit Gupta (Department of School of Business Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

The basic purpose of this paper is to study the impact of companies' annual results announcement on optioned stock returns relative to returns from stocks without options. If the proposition of information reflecting in options market earlier than spot market holds good, then there should be least impact of any information on returns from stocks with options relative to stocks without options. Using Standard Event methodology suggested by Brown and Warner (1985) and Kothari and Warner (1997) we find convincing evidence that announcement of companies' annual results do not significantly influence the returns from stock with options. However, returns from stocks without options have been significantly influenced by annual results announcement. This reinforces the observation that any stock related private information gets reflected in the options market before it gets reflected in stock market. However, in case stocks without options, as there are no other venues to act upon any private information, the impact of the same gets reflected in stocks prices themselves.

Pages: 39-43
Siji, M. S. (Department of Community Science College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellayani, Kerala)
Aneena, E. R. (Department of Community Science College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara, Kerala)

Middle-age is filled with challenges and unique stress particularly for working women, which affects their psychological well-being and health status. An assessment of work- life stress, household stress and psychological distress among middle aged working women was studied, by standardizing a scale using scientific procedure. The results of percentage analysis showed majority of the respondents (50 per cent) with moderate levels of stress, while the remaining half of the respondents are equally distributed in the (25 per cent) high stress and (25 per cent) low stress categories. The result indicates the adoption of strong interventions and lifestyle modifications to minimize the adverse physiological and health implications of life stress among working women. In conclusion, the developed scale was found to be valid, reliable and a clear instrument to measure the life- stress of working middle aged women to the maximum precision possible.

Pages: 50-53
Baby Rani (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana)
Health is a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. Health is the ability of human beings to acclimatize and self-sustenance when facing mental, physical, emotional and social health. Well-being is the state of being happy, healthy and successful. Physical exercise plays a key role to determine health and well-being. To examine the impact of physical exercise on health and well-being, we have taken the data of 120 adults (60 sports & 60 non-sports persons 60 with an equal number of male and female on the basis of availability. PGI Health and PGI well-being questionnaire were administered uniformly to all the respondents. ANOVA and correlation are used to analyze the data. The result shows a significant impact of physical exercise on health and well-being.

Pages: 56-59
Rajni Suri (Department of Psychiatric Social Worker, District Mental
Health Programme, Gautam Budh Nagar, Uttar Pradesh)
Manisha Kiran (Department of Psychiatric Social Work RINPAS, Ranchi, Jharkhand)

Alcohol related problems cause a tremendous social and public health burden worldwide. It is as cob web and spread in our society day by day. People know the worst effects of alcohol but can't stop. Government plays a vital role for the prevention and awareness programmes regarding addiction but despite this they can't reach up to the mark. It effects our every aspect of life whether it is psychological, financial and social. This study compared depression, anxiety and stress in persons with alcohol dependence syndrome with normal population. 60 samples (30 persons with alcohol dependence & 30 normal people) were selected for the present study on the basis of purposive sampling technique. Results showed that the alcohol dependence persons had high level of depression, anxiety and stress as compared to normal population. There is need to create general awareness that due to excess intake of alcohol people suffered from psychiatric problems as depression, anxiety and stress.

Pages: 63-71
Ruchira Gupta (Centre for Human Development Studies Rabindra Bharati University, Kolkata, West Bengal)
Debolina Saha (Department of Economics, Rabindra Bharati University, Emerald Bower Campus, West Bengal)

According to UNDPs millennium development goal 2000, livelihood is an important factor in eradicating extreme poverty and hunger and attaining a better human development and well-being goal. Present study is concerned with the textile workers who are working in various printing mills in Serampore region of West Bengal. The major aim of the study is to find out how these peoples subjective Well-being are affected by their present livelihood patterns at home front as well as workplace and thus how to sustain their livelihoods and well-being. Study reveals that workers are working under a deplorable work environment. Mismanagement from the owners and non-cooperation from government are also the barriers behind the development of this industry as well as the workers in this region. While assessing subjective well-being status of workers among different work categories and income groups it is also found to be unsatisfactory. But, workers' subjective well-being is positively affected by their income. It is found that a little increase in income level can enhance workers' feeling of happiness and well-being as well. Hence, in this paper we have tried to find out the remedies how livelihoods of the mill workers in the study area can be improved and in turn now this can help to survive the cotton textile industry in Serampore region as an important cluster of West Bengal.

Pages: 76-81
Ghausia Taj Begum and Meena Osmany (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi)

Work-life balance is a challenging issue for every women manager, which touches almost every aspect of her life, including her career, family and health. The present study explores the work-life balance issues and mental health of women managers working in different sector of organizations. The sample comprises 200 Indian women managers (100 from public sector organizations & 100 from private sector organizations) working in different organizations of Delhi and NCR. Analytical strategy included descriptive, t-test, correlation and linear regression analysis on SPSS 21. Results revealed that there is a significant positive correlation of work-life balance with psychological well-being and mental health while there is significant negative correlation of work-life balance with psychological distress of women managers. In addition, the two groups differ significantly on the dimension of work-personal life enhancement, psychological distress and mental health. Implications of the study for the two groups in context of different work-environment are discussed.

Pages: 86-89
Shefali Mishra and Navdeep Singh Tung (Department of Psychology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab)

Emotional and behavioural Problems are increasing all over the world at a rapid rate (Polaha, 2011). Juvenile crime is one of the major components of Emotional and behavioural problems. Earlier, adolescents were limited to in- fraction and were not often engaged in violation of law but nowadays they are committing heinous crime. The current study was interested in examining the role of personal factors in contributing emotional and behavioural problems among adolescents. The sample collected from 220 adolescents (13-18 years) from various schools of Delhi. Self-reported versions of Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (Armsden & Greenberg, 1987); Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (Gross & John, 2003); Coping Strategies Scale (Srivastava, 2001); Strength & Difficulties Questionnaire (Goodman, 1997) were used as data collection tool. Discriminant analysis was applied in order to find the personal factors contributing in high and low emotional and behavioural problems among adolescents. Variable of emotional regulation, coping strategy, attachment emerged as strongest predictors contributing to low emotional and behavioural problems in adolescents. In addition, factors predicting in high on emotional and behavioural problems is cognitive avoidance coping strategy i.e. emotion focused coping strategy and emotional suppression. The results are further discussed in the light of theoretical evidences and studies.

Pages: 95-98
Ruchi Joshi and Aradhana Shukla (Department of Psychology, Kumaun University Campus, Almora, Uttarakhand)

The aim of this study was to find out the impact of gender, climate variation and climate supportive was on academic motivation in cultural perspective. It was contended that variation in academic motivation would be influenced by variation in gender, climate variation, climate supportive ness and cultural differences. Two hundred fourth participants in the age range of late childhood and early adolescence served as participants and they were arranged according to the requirements of 4-way factorial design with three variations of culture, two types of gender, two types of climate variation and two levels of climate supportiveness. Academic motivation scale was used to assess the magnitude of academic motivation in participants. Data were analyzed by 4-way ANOVA and it was found that all main effects and interactions laid their impact on academic motivation. Findings were interpreted in terms of gender, climate and cultural variation as affectors of academic motivation. At last, suggestions were made to raise the mental faculty of underprivileged society.

Pages: 103-105
Putul Kumari (Department of Psychology, MATS University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh)

The purpose of present research is to explore the implication of school culture on academic motivation. A total number of 300 students of both gender studying in class XI of different private and government Schools in a Raipur city participated in the present study. First of all , 5-5 co-ed higher secondary schools were selected from government and private sector schools. Then, equal numbers of boy and girl students (n=15-15) were randomly selected from each school. Academic motivation was dependent variable and government and private sector schools, boys & girls were independent variable and, so the proposed research design was 2x2 factorial designs. The main effect of gender was not significant, F ratio was found to be 2.26 which is insignificant. Girls scores apparently higher (M =15.09 , SD = 2.52) than boys (M = 14.61 , SD = 3.06) counterpart. Similarly interaction effect of gender and type of school was found to be insignificant. It demonstrate that gender did not interfere with the effect of type of schools on accomplishing thing dimension.

Pages: 109-114
Shivani Datta (Department of Psychology, K.N.C., University of Delhi, Delhi)
Ankita Mishra (Department of Psychology, Shaheed Rajguru College of Applied Sciences for Women, University of Delhi, Delhi)

Happiness is an example of a positive construct of mental health that may be promoted by physical health and could increase resilience to emotional disturbances. However, the research on the association between physical health variables and happiness is relatively scarce in Indian context. This study tries to explore this association using body mass index as an indicator of good physical health among young adults. It aims at determining if happiness differs among young adults (males & females) with healthy and unhealthy body mass indices. Results indicate a statistically significant difference in the happiness levels of young adults across the five BMI categories as well as a significant difference between healthy and unhealthy young adults. This hints towards a strong relationship between physiological and psychological factors in determining good health. Another striking result was a significant difference in happiness scores in underweight category with underweight females reporting lower levels of happiness than underweight males. This indicates the interplay of physical, psychological and social factors in contributing towards health and well being of individuals. The results of the study indicate that health is a complex interplay of various components in consonance with the biopsychosocial approach.

Pages: 121-127
Dhanalakshmi D. (Department of Applied Psychology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry)

Anxiety is an inherent facet of human existence. Students experience intense anxiety. The current study has been undertaken keeping in mind the unwarranted anxiety and the health complaints made by many children and adolescents of today. The objective of the study was to determine whether Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction would be effective in reducing anxiety, improving sense of coherence, optimism and health among students. A pilot study was carried out on a sample of 30 students aged between 13 to 17 years from a school in Puducherry just before the main survey to obtain the reliability of the tools to be used for the study. A brief MBSR (2 week) was also conducted only as a part of the pilot study to check for the feasibility of the administration of the intervention. The main study was then initiated after confirming for the appropriateness and the validity of the questionnaires. Data was collected from 300 students from various schools in Puducherry. The tools used were Depression and Anxiety Scale by Newcomer, General Health Questionnaire by Goldberg, Optimism scale by Scheier and Carver and Sense of Coherence scale by Antonovsky. Participants for the intervention study were selected from a school in which the researcher would provide the intervention. Those participants who had poor health were mainly included in the second phase of the study. Participants who had poor health shown by their scores were called and briefed about the study and those participants who were willing to be a part of the intervention study were included. Fifty students who were willing to participate were chosen and the consent to participate in the study was obtained. These 50 participants were then divided into 2 groups randomly and then were assigned randomly to experimental and control groups. After the 8 week sessions of MBSR, the participants of the experimental group and the control group were assembled and asked to fill in the questionnaires. Statistical tests employed for the analysis of the data were Pearson's Correlation, Independent and Paired Samples t test and Multivariate Analysis of Variance. The results revealed that there exists a significant relationship between anxiety, sense of coherence, optimism and health. There is a significant difference in anxiety between the boys and girls with girls experiencing more anxiety than boys. A significant decrease in anxiety and an improvement in health, optimism and sense of coherence was seen in the participants of the experimental group. A significant increase in the sense of coherence was seen in the participants of the control group in the posttest scores. The MANOVA results clearly showed that mindfulness has been effective in reducing anxiety and improving sense of coherence, optimism and health among students. To eliminate the effects of a covariate a Multivariate Covariance of Analysis was performed on the data and it was found that removing the effects of the pretest scores showed better scores on the study variables.

Pages: 132-136
Navneet Kaur (Psychologist, Morphic Minds, Chandigarh)
Shruti Shourie (Department of Psychology, D.A.V. College, Chandigarh)

Adolescence is a crucial stage in life and the growing child's experiences have a long lasting impact on their mental health. Parental practices vis-à-vis child's biological sex can bring out experiential differences in terms of their happiness and well-being. The present investigation aims to look for gender differences among adolescents on well-being. For the purpose of the present study, a total of 102 adolescent students studying in a government school in Mohali, have been studied on all the study variables. Out of 102 students, 58 are boys and 44 are girls, all in the age range of 14 to 17 years. The subjects were assessed on The Happiness Measure (Fordyce, 1988); Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) (Scheier & Carver, 1994); Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (Goodman, 2007); General Self-Efficacy Scale (Schwarzer, 1992); and The Sterling's Children Well-Being Scale (Liddle & Carter, 2009). The assessment was done with the goal of looking for gender differences among adolescents on well-being. Results indicated that the mean scores on happiness, hyperactivity, emotional symptoms, conduct problems, peer pressure, and positive outlook, are higher for boys. The mean scores on optimism, positive emotional state, and total well-being are higher for girls. The mean scores on prosocial behaviour and self efficacy have come out to be equal for boys and girls. Sex differences emerged only on peer pressure implying boys to be more influenced by peer pressure than girls. The paper will try to understand the trends of the findings.