Volumes / Issues
Showing 1676 – 1700 of 2607 results Showing all 2607 results Showing the single result No results found
Filters Sort results
Reset Apply
Pages: 1601-1609
Anu Verma (Puri) (Department of Public Administration, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana)

The development of any country relates to the relation between the government and the citizens. In the present era, the citizens are aware of their rights and the services they receive from the government. The past experience of the interaction between the government and the citizens has reflected a bitter taste. They have expressed dissatisfaction with the range and quality of public services delivered by administrative agencies. As such, the government has also started taking initiatives to reduce the ever-increasing gap between them and improve the citizen-administration relationship. Several administrative reforms have been introduced by the government in this direction from time to time. Among them are: Decentralization, Citizen's Charter, e-Governance, Sevottam, Right to Information Act, Right to Service Act, etc. The vision of our Hon'ble Prime Minister Sh Narendra Modi on ''Minimum Government and Maximum Governance” has inspired Government agencies in carrying out series of reforms in the existing policies, rules and procedures and introducing the new ones to suit the prevailing circumstances and thus improve the overall condition of the nation. In this light, one such innovative platform “Digital India Programme” provides impetus for the progressive development of the existing e-Governance initiative. It covers wide range of e-services (electronic services) and products, devices etc. It also enhances job opportunities and promotes inclusive growth by providing easier access of e-services to the have-nots of the society. PM Narendera Modi has quoted, “E-Governance is a part of our dream of DIGITAL INDIA, the more technology we infuse in Governance, the better it is for India.” He has laid emphasis on National e- governance plan for the growth of Indian economy and betterment of the citizens. Digitalization helps to transform India equipped with knowledge and cashless economy and empower the nation and thus make India realize its dreams to the path of development. The success of these reforms depends upon the quality of implementation of the administrative reforms. The responsibility of implementation of these reforms lies with the bureaucrats. The degrees of improvement of the range and quality of public services are more or less affected by the choice of priorities of the personnel, public participation, ethical values, choice and political influence. Democracy empowers the citizens to use their right as a powerful tool to share their views freely and choose their representatives wisely. They indirectly take part in the decision-making process of government activities related to public services. But, this can be more effective if they are aware of the government procedures and activities. They can be more informative only if the administrative system is transparent and provides a wide range of information about its programmes, policies, actions , changes made in the existing services , new services added, guidance to have access to the available services as well as services it covers for the betterment of its citizens. Government has put forward the initiative of e-governance to empower the citizens, thereby making this digital platform as a powerful tool for good governance.
Pages: 1610-1615
Jaydeep Subhasis Hota and Pratima Sarangi (Department of Good Governance and Public Policy, Sri Sri University, Cuttack, Odisha)

Popularly known as Salary Negotiation round, which is extensively carried out by HR professionals only, has traditionally been seen as a process that seals the selection process. The process is nothing but a tricky discussion between the employers and to be employee both of whom have their respective predetermined point of orientation. Unlike business negotiations, this negotiation is largely ignored and provides a scope of research on how a salary negotiation process shapes up especially when both the parties are eager to collaborate. Through this paper we have explored the unspoken truth of a group of highly qualified professionals who in their professional career have come across several salary negotiation rounds. We have tried to devise the applicability of established business negotiation theories on intellectual capital negotiation and their extent of significance. While understanding the influence of human relation factors over selection process, the paper has focused on the preferred negotiation styles by both the employer and the candidate during salary negotiation.
Pages: 1616-1619
Atul (Department of Psychology, B.R.A Bihar University, Muzaffarpur, Bihar)

This research study tries to explore all negative impacts of Information And Communication Technology (ICT) addiction. Internet addiction disorder (IAD) is newly identified psychiatric disorder. American Psychiatric Association (APA) includes IAD as an impulse control disorder in new DSM-5, which does not involve use of an intoxicating drug. The intrusion of ICT (Information & Communication Technology) has affected every aspect of life across all ages, professions and occupations. It's rapid and deep penetration has changed the mental horizon, concept and style of life entirely. There are a number of risk associated with ICT use, specially, negative effects on mental health. Maladaptive pattern of ICT use, leading control, and continued excessive use despite knowledge of negative effects, loss of interests excluding ICT, and use of the ICT to escape a Dysphoric Mood, along with these preoccupation or withdrawal symptoms must be attached. 86 % situations encountered in IAD included social phobia, depression, anxiety disorders, shyness, introversion, loneliness, substance addiction, sexual compulsivity, attention deficit, hyper activity disorder, personality disorders and dementia. IAD has 5 subtypes of addictions which are Cyber-sex addiction, Cyber-relationship addiction, Information Overload, Computer gaming addiction and Online Computer Gambling. The reason for ICT become so widespread in such as Cooper has defined under “Triple A Engine” (Access, Affordability, & Anonymity). These popularization facilitating factors may increase ICT Addiction. Regular using ICT initiate mood disorders and negative self-view. Those suffering from ICT addiction, use of vital fantasy world to connect real people through the internet, as substitution for real life human connection which they are unable to achieve normally. Impairments of real life relationship are disrupted as a result of the excessive use of the internet (ICT). Spend less time with real people in their lives and are often viewed as socially awkward. ICT have play a significant role in making people become more isolated. Lack of face to face contact could alter the way genes work, upset immune response, hormonal levels, function of arteries and influence mental performance. This could be increase the risk of health problem like cancer, stroke, heart disease and dementia. Face to face interaction has sharply fallen with increase in use of ICT. It has the first evidence that social isolation is linked to alterations in human gene transcription. DNA analysis showed 209 genes were differentially expressed for people with high level of social isolation. Immediate attention is required from Mental Health Professionals to deal with such new emerging problems, which are affecting society at large level.
Pages: 1620-1625
Nida Zakaria (Department of Mass Communication, Mewar University, Rajasthan)
Shobha Kulshreshtha (Department of Mass Communication, Mewar University, Vice President, Shri Venkateshwar University, Gajraula, India)

Knowledge, awareness and information play a crucial role in helping the country to lead its people to growth and development. In this regard newspapers have been playing an important role to achieve development process through informing the masses about the happenings of the world. The local newspapers have reached to the grass root level. No doubt that these papers keep the readers alert of the activities, mobilize the masses for an opinion and are d also helpful in fighting for the wrong practices of the societies. Here it becomes important to note and study how these vernacular presses are helping in the development process. It is a prime function to analyze how the newspapers are delivering the news. And whether the readers are associating themselves with the newspaper they read. Therefore the following are the proposed objectives for my study. To study the newspaper reading pattern of the sample chosen (Agarwal & Gupta, 2002). To study whether the vernacular press is playing any role in the development process (Ahluwalia, 2016). To study the likes, dislikes, preferences of the newspaper readers of Jamshedpur The sample was collected from the Under Graduate student. Students who newspaper were chosen for my study. It consisted of 200 students (100 male & 100 females). A set of questionnaire was constructed and standardized for the purpose of data collection. Purposive sampling technique was applied for the present study. Mean, were applied for the analysis of data obtained. The study reveals that the newspapers of Jamshedpur are playing a crucial role in informing and educating the masses about the day to day happenings of the world. Moreover, the readers feel that the regional stories are covered by these papers which are generally ignored by the mainstream media. Contrary to this it was found that the papers are lacking in the coverage of development stories like health, education.
Pages: 1626-1628
Nirjesh and Renuka Sharma (BPS ITTR, Bhagat Phool Singh Mahila Vishwavidyalaya, Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat, Haryana)

The aim of the study is to identify the relationship between learning styles and intelligence among senior secondary school students. The sample of the study is consists of 400 students, in which 200 are female students and 200 are male students. Learning Style Inventory by Misra, Raven's Progressive Matrices by Raven, Hundal General Mental Ability Test by Amir Singh were used as a research tools. An inter-correlation was set between the components of Learning Style and components of intelligence. The study reveals that crystallized intelligence is negatively correlated with reproducing learning style and no relation with constructive learning style of female students. Fluid intelligence is negatively correlated with reproducing learning style and crystallized intelligence is negatively correlated with reproducing learning style of male students. Both components of intelligence have no relation with constructive learning style in case of male students.
Pages: 1629-1635
Minkesh Chowdwary, Basudeb Das, Masroor Jahan, and Tulika Ghosh (Department of Psychology, Shree Narayan Singh College, Motihari, East Champaran, Bihar)

Literature suggests that the rate of suicide in psychiatric disorders is 20 times higher in comparison to general population. The rate of suicide among bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia has been found to be 8-10%. Several protective factors like emotional intelligence have been identified against suicide. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between emotional intelligence and suicidality among suicidal and non-suicidal remitted patients with schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder and to compare these factors across both groups. The present study was cross-sectional hospital based study in which 40 remitted Bipolar Affective Disorder patients and 40 remitted Schizophrenia patients with or without past history of suicide were selected through purposive sampling from outpatient department of Central Institute of Psychiatry, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand. The patients were screened out by using PANSS, HRSD, YMRS scores and decision of treating psychiatrist. After taking informed consent, socio-demographic and clinical details were gathered by using socio-demographic and clinical data sheet. Further, Mangal Emotional Intelligence Inventory was administered up on all the patients. It was found that the schizophrenia patients scored significantly low on emotional intelligence in comparison to BPAD patients. Patient with past history of suicide scored significantly low on emotional intelligence in comparison of patients without past history of suicide. Emotional intelligence was found to be positively correlated with age of illness onset, education and was negatively correlated with suicidality.
Pages: 1636-1642
Avleen Kaur Vig and Garima Srivastava (Lady Shri Ram College for Women, University of Delhi, New Delhi)

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between flow experiences and psychological well-being (PWB) among 50 female Indian classical dancers using a mixed-methods approach. In the quantitative phase, participants were administered the Dispositional Flow Scale 2 and Psychological Well-Being Scale. Subsequently, the qualitative phase involved five in-depth interviews. The results demonstrated a significant positive correlation between flow and PWB (r = 0.32*). An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of the interviews revealed the following themes related to the flow experience: 'Flow as a positive optimal experience', 'Flow as a spiritual experience', 'The bodily experience of flow', 'Absorption in task', 'Transformation of time', and 'Facilitators and inhibitors of flow'. Themes demonstrating the link between dance and well-being included 'Positive self-concept', 'Sense of personal growth', and 'Deriving a sense of meaning from dance'. The results of the study confirmed previous findings related to the positive link between flow and well-being as well as the phenomenological experiences of flow in dance. The implications of the study were further discussed.
Pages: 1643-1645
Chetna Malik (Advocate, District Bar, Hissar, Haryana)

The expression 'litigation' means a legal action including all proceedings therein, initiated in a court of law with the purpose of enforcing a right or seeking a remedy. Therefore, lexically the expression 'PIL' means a legal action initiated in the court of law for the enforcement of public interest or general interest in which the public or a class of the community have pecuniary interest or some interest by which their legal rights or liabilities are affected.
Pages: 1646-1649
Poonam Yadav (Zakir Husain Centre for Educational Studies, School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi)

Emotions are considered to be an essential part of a student's life, part of student's identity, they affect personality development, psychological and physical health and they may profoundly influence academic motivation and achievement. From an educational perspective emotions are important because of their influence on learning and development, but student's emotional well- being should also be regarded as an educational goal that is important in itself as it influences achievement and adjustment. Research has shown that students experience many emotions during class lessons, while studying and when taking tests and examinations. These emotions can be positive or negative and they can be intense and frequent. Positive emotions are emotions that are experienced as pleasant as against negative states like anxiety, depression and failure. Positive emotions signal flourishing but they also produce flourishing. Moreover, they do so not simply within the present, pleasant moment but over the long term as well. Positive emotions are worth cultivating, not just as end states in themselves but also as a means to achieving psychological growth and improved well-being over time. This prediction stems from a new perspective on positive emotions offered within Fredrickson's (1998-2001) Broaden-and-Build theory. This model posits that unlike negative emotions, which narrow peoples thought-action repertoires (e.g., fight or flight), positive emotions broaden people's thought-action repertoires, encouraging them to discover novel lines of thought or action. An important outcome of these broadened mind-sets is an increase in personal resources. The present paper is an attempt to explain how the insights drawn from Broaden-and build theory can be used in schools by teachers to promote positive emotions among students. As students face challenges on a day to day basis creating a positive environment in schools and promoting positive emotions can go a long way in enhancing student's health and well-being.
Pages: 1650-1652
Dolon Dawn and Sonali De (Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal)

Menstruation is a phenomenon that is unique to the female members of any human society. From the psychosocial perspective, it is associated with different cultural assumptions and beliefs that spring from various attitudes and perceptions of the people. This study mainly aims at bringing to light the male perceptions regarding menstruation in light of the Indian culture as a way of explaining the taboos, myths, and other cultural values. It borrows from a wide range of extant literature to develop an in-depth understanding of the thought behind some of the prevalent perception that could cause a traumatizing effect on their female counterparts and a reflection of the patriarchal bed that exist in our society .The challenge of combating the poor perceptions, culture, and myths is further complicated by the limited awareness of menstruation among women in India. This is because of the limiting upbringing environments, that promote misconceived learning. However, the fast-changing psychological and cultural aspects of the Indian society has increased the possibility for men to appreciate and positively embrace supportive attitudes and acceptance towards menstruation, as a part and parcel among their female counterparts.
Pages: 1653-1657
Asha Rani and Shashi Rasmi (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana)

It is an essential part of any research and important requirement to actual arrangement then implementation of any investigate work. A review on studies habits in students promote a better thoughtful of the crisis and its vital aspects and also make sure the evading of superfluous copying. The explanation to the enormous dwelling of available literature opens doors to sources of considerable harms, illustrative premise and provides helpful direction, paving the system for the insights and this review provide much more information of study habits and allied study among the school/college students.
Pages: 1658-1661
MD Intekhab UR Rahman (Department of Psychology, B. N. Mandal University (North Campus), Sabaila, Madhepura, Bihar)

Rape is the non-consensual penetration of the vagina, anus, or mouth by the penis or any other object the perpetrator chooses to use. Rape is an act of sexual violence that is primarily about anger, revenge, and control of others rather than sex. This violent act has a significant impact on the victim, affecting her in physiological, psychological, and spiritual ways. Victims of rape often have severe difficulties overcoming a rape due to their sense of a loss of control over their own bodies. Many have been physically threatened, and were afraid of not living through the experience. Rape is not just an issue of females either. Young boys have often been victims as well, though they often never tell anyone of the experience until much later. Literature on rape particularly rape of disabled persons have extensively reviewed and it is pointed out that as far as sexual assaults are concerned with disabled persons, almost 80% of people with disabilities are sexually assaulted on more than one occasion and 50% of those experienced more than 10 victimizations . Women with disabilities are raped and abused at a rate at least twice that of the general population of women. It is revealed that among adults who are developmentally disabled, as many as 83% of the females and 32% of the males are victims of sexual assault. How a survivor responds to and heals from sexual violence particularly in case of rape can be greatly impacted by many variables. Some of the impact of the trauma depends upon things such as age, how the person was before the traumatic event, the victim's coping abilities and who the offender was. What happened during the crime can affect the survivor's experience, too, including the severity, frequency and duration of the violence and the degree of personal violation. It is concluded in the present paper that Victims of sexual assault, particularly disabled persons from poor and marginalized communities, lack effective legal assistance. The national and state governments have taken several initiatives to support sexual assault victims, but without a monitoring and evaluation framework, they largely remain inadequate or ineffective.
Pages: 1662-1672
गुरतेज सिंह (परफोर्मिंग आर्ट्स डिपार्टमेंट, लवली प्रोफेशल यूनिवर्सिटी, जालंधर, पंजाब)

इस शोध पात्र का उदेश्य वेद व्यास द्वारा रचित महाभारत में निहित नाटकीय तत्वों का विश्लेषण करना ह। आज पांच हजार वर्ष पूर्व बीत जाने पर आज भी महाभारत रंगकर्मियों की पहली पसंद बनी हुई है और समय-समय पर उनको खुद पे लिखने और खेलने के लिए प्रेरित करती रहती है। धर्मवीर भारती से लेके बरूक तक और चोपड़ा से लेके एस-एस राजा मौली तक इसको परदे पे खेल रहे है। इसका एक ही कारण है इसके अन्दर छिपी हुई नाटकीयता जो इसके किरदारों में, इसके पाठ्य में समाई हुई है। ये एक रूप में है और किसी रूप में भी बंधी नहीं हुई। रंगमंच का ऐसा कोई माध्यम नहीं जिसमे इसको ना खेला गया हो, या खेला ना जा सके। जिस तरह एक समंदर के गर्भ में अनंत संसार छिपा हुआ है जो किसी को दिखता नहीं, उसी तरह इस के अंदर नाटकीयता का बहुत बड़ा संसार है जो दिखता नहीं उसे ढूंढना पड़ता है। उसी नाटकीयत संसार को खोज कर बाहर लाने का प्रयत्न करना इस पत्र का उदेश्य है।
Pages: 1673-1675
सादिका (संगीत विभाग, राजकीय स्नातकोत्तर महिला महाविधालय, रोहतक)

भारतीय संगीत की गायन शैलियों में ठुमरी गायकी का एक विशेष स्थान है। यह गायकी मुख्यतः श्रृंगार रस से ओत-प्रोत है क्योंकि इस गायकी में श्रृंगारिक भावनाओं की अभिव्यक्ति होती है। इसलिए इस गायकी के विषय वर्णन में राधा-कृष्ण के प्रेम प्रसंग, नायक-नायिका के प्रेम-प्रसंग, विरह में नायिका की मनोदशा आदि श्रृंगार प्रधान प्रसंगों का वर्णन मिलता है। ठुमरी गायकी के काव्य में मुख्यतः ब्रज, खड़ी बोली, भोजपुरी, अवधी व राजस्थानी आदि भाषाओं का प्रयोग किया जाता है। ठुमरी गायकी में प्रयुक्त शब्द रचना अत्यंत सरल तथा कम शब्दों वाली रहती है। इसमें शब्दों के ध्वनिरूप को लचीला रखा जाता है क्योंकि लचीली शब्द रचना से जो भाव व्यक्त होते है वे बहुत व्यापक ढंग के होेते है। इस गायकी में स्वर और शब्द एक-दूसरे के पूरक है। इसमें एक ही शब्द को कई प्रकार के स्वरों में प्रयोग किया जाता है। अर्थात् भाव प्रदर्शनकरने हेतु स्वरों को विभिन्न प्रकार के घुमाव-फिराव के साथ प्रयोग किया जाता है। इसमें स्वरों के द्वारा शब्द-सौन्दर्य तथा शब्दों के द्वारा स्वर-सौन्दर्य दोनों ही आते है। अर्थात इसमें स्वर-विस्तार और बोल-विस्तार साथ ही साथ चलते है। यह गायकी पूर्ण रूप से रोमांचकारी है परन्तु पूर्ण रूप से अनुशासित नहीं है। व्यावहारिक रूप से इसमें कल्पना को पूर्ण स्वतन्त्रता प्राप्त है। ठुमरी गायकी में प्रायः लोकधुनों से नाता रखने वाली नाजुक प्रकृति की राग-रागनियों का प्रयोग अधिक होता है। इस गायकी को केवल उन्हीं रागों में गाया जाता है जो राग चंचल प्रकृति के होते है। ठुमरी में छोटे आलापों, तानों, बोलतानों, मुर्की, खटका, कण, मींड आदि का प्रयोग किया जाता है तथा भावों को प्रभावशाली ढंग से प्रस्तुत करने के लिए ध्वनि में उतार-चढ़ाव अधिक किया जाता है। इस गायकी में कुछ सीमित तालों का प्रयोग किया जाता है। ठुमरी गीत रचना में निहित बोलों की गयात्मकता और भावाभिव्यंजनात्मक गुणों के आधार पर कालांतर में इसके दो प्रमुख भेद हो गये है जिन्हें क्रमशः बोलबांट की ठुमरी और बोल बनाव की ठुमरी कहा जाता है। ठुमरी गायकी के अंगों का विस्तारपूर्वक विश्लेषण करने के पश्चात यह स्पष्ट होता है कि यह गायकी पूर्ण रूप से श्रृंगार रस से ओत-प्रोत है ओर यदि ध्यानपूर्वक देखा जाए तो यह बात स्पष्ट होती है कि ‘ठुमरी गायकी’ में सभी हिन्दुस्तानी शैलियों की मुख्य विशेषताएं पाई जाती है।
Pages: 1232-1239
Ashish Gupta (Department of Anthropology, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh)

The body mass index (BMI) is a physical measurement used to assess an individual's total amount of body fat. The BMI was invented by Belgian polymath Adolphe Quetelet in the 1800, and consequently is sometimes known as the Quetelet index. The BMI is calculated by dividing your weight in kilograms (kg) by your height in meters squared (m2). It is expressed as kg/m2. The body mass index (BMI) is commonly used as a surrogate marker for adiposity. However, the BMI indicates weight-for-height without considering differences in body composition and the contribution of body fat to overall body weight. Underweight and severe and morbid obesity are associated with highly elevated risks of adverse health outcomes. We estimated trends in mean body-mass index (BMI), which characterises its population distribution and in the prevalence of a complete set of BMI categories for adults Saurs.
Pages: 1240-1247
Enkosa Terefe (Department of Behavioral Sciences, College of Education and Behavioral Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia)

The main objective of this study was to assess the current practices of PGDT training program in Ethiopian PGDT trainer Universities. It was designed to assess the current practices of PGDT in Ethiopian PGDT trainer Universities, to investigate the extent to which Ethiopian PGDT trainer Universities implement PGDT Practicum currently, to examine the extent to which PGDT stakeholders discharge their roles and responsibilities and to identify the major challenges facing currently. The target populations for this study were six randomly selected Ethiopian PGDT trainer Universities. Participants of the study were College of Education Deans, Teachers and PGDT trainees. The sampling techniques used were census sampling for College of Education Deans while simple random sampling technique was employed for teachers and students. Accordingly, 777 PGDT trainees, 36 PGDT teachers and 6 Education College Deans were selected. Both close-ended and open-ended questions were administered and distributed to teachers and PGDT students. Semi-structured interview was designed for College of Education Deans. The validity and reliability of the instruments for the final study was maintained through a pilot test. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis methods were employed to analyze and interpret the obtained data. These were descriptive and inferential statistical values such as percentages, aggregate mean, standard deviation and t-test. The result of the study revealed that, majority of respondents replied as PGDT guideline which was designed by MOE is appropriate and can be practiced in Ethiopian PGDT trainer Universities uniformly, but different PGDT trainer Universities use PGDT guideline which was suspected for norm based practice. Respondents agreed as the emphasis given for PGDT training program by PGDT stakeholders is almost low. The major challenges faced the PGDT program were low interest and commitment of PGDT stake holders, less value given for marks or grades given for overall PGDT certificates, inability of the program to be uniformly applied for regular and summer modality learners, etc. The outcome of t-test dictated as there was statistically significant difference between males and females in terms of challenges face them especially during PGDT practicum (F (2,775)=0.001, p<0.05). Finally, having strong follow up for PGDT trainees' learning, PGDT trainees attending by regular and summer modalities need to be treated differently based on their experiences and time spent in Universities, equivalent or more advantage should be given for PGDT certificate so as to persuade the others and strong effort has to be made for PGDT program by PGDT stakeholders were forwarded as recommendation.
Pages: 1248-1257
Deepa K. Damodaran (Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)
Varghese Paul K. (Department of Psychology, Prajyoti Niketan College, Pudukad, Thrissur, Kerala)

The impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) significantly determines whether an individual will be functional or dysfunctional in adulthood. The current study examines the prevalence and the socio-demographic correlates of ACEs. It also estimates the relative risk for ACEs and the risk for major depression in adulthood with respect to the significant socio-demographic factors. Data collected using a Demographic proforma and Childhood Experiences of Care and Abuse Questionnaire-2 from 600 youth, selected through multi-stage stratified sampling from selected educational institutions in Kerala, South India, were analyzed using SPSS-20. Descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi square test, Mann-Whitney U test, & Odds Ratio from Risk analysis) were used. ACEs were highly prevalent (91%) among youth and more than half of them had experienced three or more ACEs. In the case of ACE severity, gender was significantly associated with psychological abuse, physical abuse and sexual abuse. Males had exposure to more severe ACEs than females. The odds of having physical and sexual abuses, and risk for major depression in adulthood were significantly greater (two times) among males than females. Further, the odds of experiencing antipathy, sexual and psychological abuses (two times), physical abuse (three times), and, risk for major depression in adulthood (four times) were significantly greater among youth with family dysfunction than those without it. Irrespective of gender, Kerala's youth have exposure to multiple ACEs. However, males and those with family dysfunction are at greater risk (physical & sexual abuses, & major depression in adulthood). It highlights the need for specific efforts and policies for prevention of ACEs.
Pages: 1258-1264
Sunita Purty (Department of Clinical Psychology, PGIBAMS, Raipur, Chhattisgarhi)
Amool R. Singh (Department of Clinical Psychology, RINPAS, Ranchi, Jharkhand)

Intellectual disability is a disability characterized by significant limitations both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior, which covers a range of everyday social and practical skills. Intellectual disability should be considered a deviation in the development that increases the risk for psychopathology. For example, people with Intellectual Disability often have comorbid problems such as stereotype and challenging behaviour, anxiety and depression. The present study attempted to investigate the co-morbid psychiatric conditions in children with intellectual disability. Sample of the study consists of 120 children with intellectual disability, taken by using purposive sampling technique. Developmental Psychopathology Checklist (DPCL) (Kapur et al., 2011) was used to assess the co-morbid psychiatric conditions in children with Intellectual Disability, after fulfilling the inclusion criteria. This was a cross sectional study conducted at RINPAS. Result showed that developmental problem like speech, expressive language, receptive language, inability to relate people and inability to play with other children, sexual problem were mostly reported. Psychiatric conditions like attention deficit hyperactive disorder, conduct disorder were more reported.
Pages: 1265-1273
Vivek Kumar Jha (Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Faculty of Behavioral Sciences SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana)
Ratnesh Kumar Sharma (R. P. Institute of Speech and Audiology, Karnal, Haryana)

The present study aimed to examine the translation ability in Hindi-English bilingual speakers. A descriptive research design with purposive sampling technique was used in the current study. A total of 60 bilingual speakers of Hindi and English in the age range of 18 to 78 years participated in this study. The participants were divided in to three groups having 20 Participants in each. They were labeled as Group A, Group B, and Group C. The present study aimed to examine the translation ability in Hindi-English bilingual speakers on different tasks such as word recognition, word translation, sentence translation and grammaticality judgment. The results were enumerated here in four sections, namely: Overall Category wise performance on Hindi - English BAT. Comparison of performance in terms of age, i.e., between young, middle and geriatric adults. Comparison of performance in terms of education. Comparison of performance in relation to age of second language acquisition. Summary: Age of acquisition of second language was higher that is mean age of 9.5 year when compare to group A and B which is 7.55 and 7.35 respectively.
Pages: 1274-1277
Hardeep Kaur and Laddi Singh (Department of Social Work, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab)

Appropriate teaching skills are a significant part of a teacher's job. Even special educators are also required to create an atmosphere, flexible enough to cover varied needs of their students. For the effective performance it is important to take into account the psychological well being of the teachers or else they may experience both stress and burnout. This paper outlines the level of occupational stress and burn out amongst the teachers in general and special school. A total of twenty five teachers each were taken up from the special schools and the sample from general schools selected were matched on age and gender. Self constructed interview schedule was used to collect data on socio demographic profile of the teachers, Maslach Burnout Inventory (Maslach & Jackson, 1981) and The Occupational Stress Index (Srivastava & Singh, 1981) were used. The results showed that under burn out, Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization were found to be significantly higher among teachers in special school and personal accomplishment was found to be lower. Scores on occupational stress indicated significant differences in the following sub scales of, i.e., role overload, unreasonable group and political pressure, responsibility of persons, unprofitability.
Pages: 1278-1283
Rashmi Shrimali (Amity Institute of Behavioural and Allied Sciences Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)
Manju Mehta (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

The present study was undertaken to evaluate Mood states and ways of coping among Type 1 diabetic, Type 2 Diabetic and non diabetic patients. A total of 50 type 1 diabetic, 50 type 2 diabetic and 100 non diabetic chronic medical disease patients from the state of Rajasthan served as the sample for the study. Male patients between the age group of 35-55 with minimum education level of graduation belonging to the urban area of Jaipur were selected for the study. To attain the objective of the study, Eight state questionnaires developed by Barton, Cattell and Corher (1972) and the ways of coping scale developed by Folkman and Lazarus (1985) was administered to the sample population to obtain data pertaining to the Mood states and ways of coping. The results of the study revealed that diabetic patients were significantly higher on negative moods in comparison to non diabetic chronic medical disease patients where as non diabetic chronic medical disease patients were high on extraversion and arousal. Among the diabetic patients type 2 diabetic patients were found to be significantly high on negative mood. This research also found out that type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients uses less functional coping pattern in comparison to other chronic medical disease patients.
Pages: 1284-1289
Anjum Ahmed and Murshida Fatima (Department of Education, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh)

A change in the attitude of the society is a prerequisite for bringing about any substantial change in the status of women in the society. Since the role of women is most important and no nation can afford to ignore it. It becomes imperative to look into the fact that how women identify themselves as feminist. The present study is a descriptive survey to measure the feminist identity among prospective teachers. The purposive random sample consisted of 100 female prospective teachers. The sample was categorized into two groups, i.e., entrant and proficient groups. The major findings of the study were that in both the entrant and proficient groups the art streams respondents scored the highest average feminist identity than the science group this could mean the subjects taught in arts gives more opportunity to students to learn about their identity in the social patriarchal system. It was also concluded that the art stream respondents may be at the 'embeddendness -emanation stage' where a women immerses herself in cultural and intellectual contexts that are woman oriented . Unlike the science stream respondents, which may be transiting from the earlier stage 'passive acceptance stage' to 'embeddedness emanation stage'.
Pages: 1290-1294
Varalakshmi Rajam S. (Madras School of Economics, Chennai, Tamil Nadu)

The present study was carried out to study the nutrient intake and anthropometric measures of two different ethnic community women. 365 women in the age group of 30-45 years belonging to two different socio-cultural groups namely Tamil speaking or any of the other South Indian languages and those from Rajasthan primarily from the Marwari community and three different socio-economic groups of high, middle and low-income groups residing in Chennai were selected as samples for the study. Diet patterns of the subjects were assessed from the responses elucidated from the questionnaire including the meal patterns, snacking frequency, dining out frequency. 24-hour dietary recall method was adopted to assess the nutrient intake on a week day and a weekend day using standardized cups and measures. Dietcal software was employed to calculate the nutrient intake of the subjects during week days and weekends. Nutrient intakes were analyzed in terms of energy intake and macro nutrient intake Mean carbohydrate intakes are increased during weekends (346.19+26.33) compared to week days (360.71+27.38 ) among the West Indian community. A contrast picture is been observed among the south Indian community where the weekend intake is lesser than week day intake. Mean protein and fat intakes are higher over week ends in all the socio-economic groups and they are reflected in the mean energy intake over an increased rate during the week ends.
Pages: 1295-1299
Sanjay Kumar and Promila Batra (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana)

Cancer is a serious and acute disorder that is known to be fatal. Due to its life threatening nature, it is usually marked by hopelessness and negative attitude towards life. Anxiety and depression amongst such patients are common. The treatment itself, in many cases, brings further deterioration in physical health of the patients along with psychological status. Therefore, it is important to understand the quality of life (QOL) of the individuals suffering from cancer. Keeping this in mind, present study was designed to assess and compare the QOL of various types of cancer patients in India with normal subjects. It was hypothesized that QOL would be significantly poor amongst the patients of cancer. To test the hypothesis, multi group design with four types of cancer i.e. breast, cervix, lung & prostate cancer (Stage II & III) was employed. A parallel control group was also taken in the 5 groups design. Sample consisted of 250 subjects. 50 cancer patients in each group and 50 normal healthy control subjects were selected on the basis of availability and informed consent. European Organization Research and treatment of cancer Quality of Life questionnaire C-30 (EORTC QLQ-C30 version 3.) was used to assess the quality of life of the cancer patients. One way ANOVA followed by DRT showed that quality of life amongst cancer patients had significantly reduced. Although trend of significant differences in various dimensions of quality of life of different cancer groups was not consistent, yet the deterioration of quality of life was found to be more in cervix and prostate cancer group and least in the breast cancer group on various dimensions. It is suggested and recommended that psychological intervention to improve the quality of life of cancer patients should be an integral part of the treatment and type of cancer should be considered while designing such interventions.
Pages: 1300-1309
Hanieh Sabet (School of Management Study (CUSAT), Kochi, Kerala)
Manzareh Tajbakhsh (Department of Management, (BIMS) University of Mysore, Karnataka)

This article identifies Intellectual Capital and relationship of Human Capital, Social Capital and Organization Capital as main Intellectual Capital in Financial Company in South India (Kerala & Tamilnadu). The main objective of this study is fond relationship of Human Capital, Social Capital and Organisation Capital in Financial company. In financial company we analysed banking and non banking company separately. We used questionnaire as tools for collecting data in this study. Theoretical bases were collected from Persian and English texts and books and required data by referring to financial statements, explanatory notes, weekly and monthly reports of Bombay stock exchange between different banks and during the time period 2014 to 2018 and it is worth to say that the variables are calculated by Excel software and the results will be discussed by SPSS software as well as outputs.
1676869105