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Pages: 166-169
Ankur Sharma (Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manav Rachna Dental College, FDS, MRIIRS, Faridabad, Haryana)
Nisha Rani Yadav (Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manav Rachna Dental College, FDS, MRIIRS, Faridabad, Haryana)
Meena Jain (Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manav Rachna Dental College, FDS, MRIIRS, Faridabad, Haryana)
Arundeep Singh (Manav Rachna Dental College, FDS, MRIIRS, Faridabad, Haryana)
DDSV Sindhuja (Manav Rachna Dental College, FDS, MRIIRS, Faridabad, Haryana)
Indu Chaudhary (Manav Rachna Dental College, FDS, MRIIRS, Faridabad, Haryana)
Aparna Aggarwal (Oral Medicine and Radiology, Jazan, Saudi Arabia)

COVID-19 pandemic has become an issue of international emergency. Newly available data from China, Europe, USAand India provides insight on this disease, its epidemiology and pathophysiology. These insights may guide in formulating strategies and interventions to contain and manage the outbreak. Pneumonia cases caused by novel beta corona virus first emerged in Wuhan, China in the end of 2019.This outbreak has brought the importance of analyzing the epidemiological data on the virus, its spread as well as on prediction of its spread, risk factors and outcomes. Based on the available data and published evidence, we systematically discuss the characteristics of COVID-19 for providing a reference for future studies and to find out ways for the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic.
Pages: 170-174
Nitesh Kumar Jha (Department of Research, SOMAARTH, INCLEN Trust International, Mitrol, Aurangabad, Palwal, Haryana)
Unnati Sharma (Department of Students Wellness (SWD) NSPIRA Management Services Private Limited, Telangana)

Personality and Criminal thinking styles have been studied globally along with other psychosocial variables as predictors of offending behavior. There are very few research evidences are available that have been carried out to see the association between personality and criminal thinking styles in offenders. Criminal thinking style is defined by Walters (2006b) as a“content, matter of thought and a process leading to the initiation and maintenance of behavior characterized by the habitual violation of the law”. “Personality is defined as a dynamic organization, inside the person, of psychophysical systems that create the person's characteristic patterns of behavior, thoughts and feelings” (Allport, 1961). Yochelson and Samenow's Criminal Personality Theory emphasizes on the role of thinking error in criminal or offending behavior based on their idea of free will. Walters' Criminal Lifestyle Theory too further on highlighted the importance of thinking in criminality by incorporating three independent factors; external factor (condition), decision making process (choice) and mindset (cognition). This article is, therefore, an attempt to study personality and criminal thinking styles in offenders, and how it can have an effect on offending behavior. The description of the variables of personality and criminal thinking styles is elaborated in light with the existing appropriate theoretical model. Findings of different empirical studies conducted by researchers to understand personality factors and their association with criminal thinking styles in offenders are incorporated. The implications of the study have been highlighted as well.
Pages: 175-178
Rini Mathew (Clinical Psychologist, Fleet Management India Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, Maharashtra)

Psychological correlates of a pandemic- COVID-19. Hoarding groceries to ostracizing our neighbors, COVID-19 has succeeded in seeping through the physical barrier to the psychological realm of our community. As we continue to combat the pandemic which has now been the cause of over 2 lakh deaths word-wide, it is imperative that we understand the emotional responses of the masses through a pandemic. The coronavirus, and the measures taken by public health authorities to control the spread of the virus, results in a range of emotional reactions such as social isolation, loneliness, fear, stigma, anxiety consequently leading to fear driven behaviors such as hoarding. Aim of the present study is to understand any psychological outcomes of the coronavirus and the measures used to attenuate its spread. Scientific literature published in the last 20 years, available on google scholar search engine have been reviewed. The pandemic causes profound psychological impact on the psyche of the masses and its important that these psychological correlates of the coronavirus are addressed by the health care system, in the process of treating the novel coronavirus.
Pages: 179-181
S.M. Khan and Nongzaimayum Tawfeeq Alee (IMPRESS Project, ICSSR, Department of Psychology, AMU, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh)

Mental health is an important part of well-being. Mental health and physical health complement each other and is highly correlated. In India researchers have been studying mental health and its correlates for the last three decades rigorously. The objective of this review is to identify and sort out studies that has been conducted in India concerning mental health of Indian women and its correlates (sociological & economic status, job pressure & marital status). These studies are focused wholly on women of India (working & non-working). This piece of research gave us a direction and identified the gap and work to fill it through researches. Studies especially focused on women's mental health (working & non-working) have been lacking behind and needs to pick up the pace at par with the other specified researches.
Pages: 182-187
Anjali Singh, Meena Kishore, and Nupur Sinha (Department of Psychology, Patna Women's College (Autonomous), Patna University, Patna, Bihar)

The objective of the present study was to find out the relationship among stress, social networking addiction and stress coping techniques among adolescents in Bihar (India) and their differences across gender. A sample of 100 adolescents (50 boys & 50 girls) was selected through incidental-cum-purposive sampling method. The data was collected from a school of Patna (Bihar). The Stress Scale, Social Networking Addiction Scale and Stress Coping Technique Scale were used for data collection. The Mean, SD, Coefficient of Correlation and t-ratio were computed for testing the hypotheses. The obtained results revealed that there were positive correlations between stress and social networking addiction, and between social networking addiction and adaptive coping style. The results showed no significant difference in stress, social networking addiction, and stress coping techniques across gender
Pages: 188-191
Subhash Chander, Vinod Kumari, and Rashmi Tyagi (Department of Sociology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

Eras have come, and eras have gone, but the dilemma of women is not likely to change. Time has helplessly examined women suffering in the form of discrimination, exploitation, degradation, humiliation etc. From the last decade's crime data, we see sharp number of crimes recorded under cruelty by husband and his relatives. It also seems that the same category has had the most dramatic increase over the years. In this regarding, the study was conducted on 200 rural women in Kurukshetra district of Haryana state. Information were collected from 12 villages with well-structured interview schedule as per objectives of the study. It was found that more than two-third of the respondents (71.0%) were conscious about reservation of seat for women in Panchayats, followed by prohibition of discrimination based on caste, sex, religion and place of birth (64.5%) and provision of maternity relief (59.0%). It was also found that more than two-fifth of the respondents (63.0%) were aware about the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 followed by dowry prohibition act (57.5%) and the medical termination of pregnancy (54.0%).It was also advocated that create healthy environment for women and girls everywhere by supporting exertions to end violence against them.
Pages: 192-195
Sanjana Purdhani (Department of Clinical Psychology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh)
Tamanna Saxena (Department of Psychology and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh)

Parents as primary caregivers usually play a very important role in the lives of their children. Although taking care of their children as caregivers is an unexpected “career” with twists and turns. Caring for a child with a disability can impose parents with multiple strains usually due to health problems, financial demands , time demands, and a snag of social participation, such as a working career. Due to the difficult situations faced by the parents having kids with disability can lead to mental health issues in parents. To measure the spiritual intelligence and emotional competence in the parents having children with special needs and parents having children without special needs. To measure the spiritual intelligence and emotional competence in the parents having children with special needs and parents having children without special needs. Parents having children with special needs, (N= 50) and Parents having children without special needs, (N = 50) .Scales used: Spiritual Intelligence scale (Mishra) and Emotional Competence Scale (Bharadwaj) T test was used to measure the scores. With the awareness of the importance of mental health issues, the health care providers will pay more attention toward the mental health of the parents, especially in the cases of having poor social support, and low income family. Further researches should be done in order to examine the child's disease and disability, the use of medical service, and quality and amount of social support, nationwide to rectify the system for providing support services to both children with disabilities and their Cgs.
Pages: 196-199
M. Sudhahar and E. P. Sengottuvel (Department of Commerce, Gobi Arts & Science College, Gobicheetipalayam, Tamil Nadu)

The study examines the Precaution Measures and behavior by the college students to protect from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Tamil Nadu context. The selected data were further categorized into college students who hailing from rural and urban area. Sixteen precautionary measures were given to students to answer and factor analysis is applied to predict the measures followed by the students. The results exhibited that majority of the students are using the smartphone during the lockdown period to spend their time. They are giving importance to the Respiratory Hygiene but giving less importance to Staying in Home to obey the Government Rule.
Pages: 200-204
Parul Gupta (Krishi Vigyan Kendra, SAS Nagar, Punjab)
Neeraj Gupta (Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran, SAS Nagar, Punjab)

Women empowerment is the buzz word around the world, when it comes to ensuring women get equal opportunities as compared to men. This excitement around the topic is because of the potential women possess to contribute immensely to the development of society. This is because if a woman is empowered, then it is linked to the sustainable development in the entire world. Therefore, women empowerment has become important topic in the development of the nation. In order to make the nation developed, it is always necessary to develop both the halves of the population equally, i.e., the nation must ensure that both men and women are provided equal access to resources and opportunities to reach the ultimate goal of development. Empowering women means giving power to woman to take decisions at her own level in economic, political and all other dimensions of life. In order to empower women it is necessary to understand the ill practices followed by the society against women in male dominated Indian society. By and large they are discriminated against, suffer neglect, denied rights and violated in every possible way including getting killed even before they are born. The successive governments have been paying special attention to achieve the objectives of women empowerment. The government of India and Punjab has started so many programmes for the upliftment of the women. Ministry of women and child development has also started many schemes/programmes for the welfare of women. The governments have to be careful about not letting these schemes use women as only posters for the schemes. The women must be actual beneficiaries and for this the women themselves need to come forward and start coming out of the shadows of their family members. The schemes discussed in this paper clearly showed that govt. is providing all the help to women in order to achieve community, organizational, economic, political and psychological empowerment. Along with the governments it is our responsibility to be open-minded and change the mindset of the society by providing equal opportunities to women so that she performs well in all spheres of life. Keeping above points in mind, this paper made an attempt to analyze the need for women empowerment and various schemes launched by the state government for the benefit of women using secondary data sources.
Pages: 205-211
Ashwani Saini (CIRB, SUB-Campus, Nabha, Punjab)

The objective of this study was to analyze the differences in behavior between groups of buffalo heifers reared in loose vrs. barn housing systems and fed on green and hay fodder during the autumn and hot season, to supplement the information for guidance of farmers on how to better manage their animals, increase thermal comfort and improve the feed conversion efficiency with efficient feed utilization. Twenty female buffalo heifers of about 12- 15monthsage were selected from the buffalo herd under Buffalo Research Centre, Department of Livestock Production and Management, College of Animal Sciences, CCS Haryana Agricultural University (LUVAS), Hisar. The animals were divided into four groups of 5 each based upon their average body weight and age. The experiment was installed for a period of 120 days (February 1 to May 31)to compare the effect of two housing and two feeding systems which were comprised of 4 treatment groups viz.: T1:Conventional barn + Hay and Concentrate mixture, T2: Conventional barn + Seasonal green fodder and Concentrate mixture,T :Loose housing + Seasonal 3 green fodder & Concentrate mixture, T : Loose housing + Hay and Concentrate mixture.Ingestion, rumination and 4 resting time in day and total time was significantly (P
Pages: 212-214
Arti Kumari and Sheela Sangwan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. Collage of Home Science, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana)

Increased life expectancy and the prospect of longevity lead to indication on an importance of spirituality while aging. This article aims to study and analyze the concepts related to older people linked with spirituality and how this concept affects their quality of life leads to healthier life. Spirituality supports healthy and productive relationships with various aspects of life, like mental and physical security as well as social security and life enjoy menton the full quality oflife among elderly. Spiritual viewpoint has become a very important aspect among the elderly citizens because of physical illness, disability, loss of loved ones, loneliness, depression, anxiety and mortality during oldage.Importanceofspiritualityandaginghasincreaseddue tophysical andemotional as well as social well-being.
Pages: 215-218
Talasha Sawant and Cindy Dsilva (Department of Psychology, Nirmala Institute of Education, Panjim, Goa)

Like in any relationship conflicts occur in marriage too. This happens when the needs and wishes of spouses deviate and are thus not compatible. Conflicts impact everyone involved in it. This study focuses on studying the impact of marital conflict (domestic violence & substance abuse) on children and also to propose strength based interventions to help children impacted by marital conflict. Marital conflicts have a severe impact on the children and studies have found that these children frequently fall ill. The conflict also affects their ability to have positive romantic relationships; they also tend to have poor interpersonal skills, problem-solving abilities, and social competence, thus impacting their social skills and behavior. Lastly, the psychological impact includes low self-esteem, mood disturbances, aggression and rage; among a range of others things.
Pages: 219-222
Mohammad Saddiq Haqiq and Enayatullah Sedeqyar (Faculty of Islamic Studies, Herat University, Herat, Afghanistan)

Certainly, society should not expect discipline, peace and security and the establishment of justice, unless the people of society are aware of the religious disputants and if they do not consider them to be the guiding light of their lives.On the contrary, the realization of all kinds of disorder and non-religious and inhumane acts, such as oppression, and the right to freedom, were foreseen in various ways in society. Because of the oppression and the pervasive right to live in our environment, in a way that neither the life of a Muslim is safe nor his property and honor. Due to the importance of this issue and the needs of our Islamic community, it was necessary to publish a scholarly article in this regard, where I discussed the divine power (worldly oppression & its consequences in terms of Islamic law). The purpose of this research is to explain the concept of cruel and criticize of this inhumane treatment and behavior from the prospective of the Islamic Shari'ah and ways to prevent it in order to inform our dear compatriots. So this is a descriptive and analytical study which is done in the confines of books and libraries. The result of this research is that oppression and the violation of the rights of others, including life, property and honor, will destroy the good of one's actions unless the oppressor repents and apologizes to the oppressed and receives his consent.
Pages: 223-228
Arshia Amin Choudhury (Developmental Psychology and Clinical Practice, University College, London (UCL))

The purpose of the present study was to examine sexist lyrics in the most popular Bollywood item songs. Patriarchy and sexism are strengthened by cultural practices, which then effect mainstream cinema and songs. These go forward to influence the audiences that consume them. Songs are especially interesting because they do not require a visual medium to be consumed, and can be involuntarily consumed in public places and through the radio. Certain songs are also more popular than their parent movies, and item songs are a genre of songs which are very prevalent in India. These songs not only visually depict women as a product of the male gaze, but also have lyrics which are both overtly and covertly predominantly sexist. A list of the most popular Bollywood item songs was prepared, and English translation of these songs was obtained from 3 different websites (www.bollynook.com, www.filmyquotes.com, www.bollymeaning.com). Thematic analysis was used for the interpretation of the data. Patterns relating to sexism were identified, and 'stalking', 'sexualisation', 'objectification' and 'stereotypical portrayal of genders' were the four themes derived from the sexist lyrics.
Pages: 1-5
Suruchi Ahlawat and Sarvdeep Kohli (Department of Psychology, M. D. University, Rohtak, Haryana)

Creativity is the demand of the 21st-century. it gives birth to all the discoveries, interventions, and development. India being a developing country, raise a requirement of its youth to be more creative. Educators and counselors should identify, appreciate, and encourage different styles or techniques of creativity to enhance their students or clients' productivity. The diverging thinking module aims the same. it comprises of two strategies, i.e., brainstorming and SCAMPER. Creativity scores were measured through the non-verbal test of creativity. Pretesting and post-testing design were used for the collection of data. The results revealed that the module was effectively abled to influence creativity
Pages: 6-8
Subhendu Bhattacharya and Sona Raghuvanshi (Amity Global Business School, Mumbai, Maharashtra)

Harley-Davidson is an American automobile giant with specialization in world acclaimed motorcycle manufacturing and selling business since 1903. Gurgaon, Haryana based Harley-Davidson India that started as wholly owned subsidiary of Harley-Davidson in August 2009 is on the verge of winding up its operation in India. It has faced fierce competition from Indian motorcycle manufacturer Royal Enfield and also from other cruiser bike producers such as Bajaj, Suzuki, Jawa, TVS, etc. Sales performance was lacklustre in the financial year 2019 and in the first quarter of 2020 iconic motorcycle didn't fare well in sales. India of late turned out to be worst performing market in international business context for Milwaukee based automobile maker. The company turned regressive volume as well as profitability wise. Isolationism approach didn't work well for the company in India which had been tactfully avoided by KTM and BMW. Indian customers were not happy with suspension and chassis of HarleyDavidson bike as it was not fit for pothole ridden roadways. The numerous faults were highlighted in social media which impacted credibility of the bike and manufacturer. Lack of growth prospect led to exit decision for American bike maker in India. Decimated purchasing power in the wake of COVID 19 outbreak dealt the mortal blow to automobile showstopper.
Pages: 9-12
Akanksha Soni (Department of Psychology, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab)
Baldeep Kaur (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab)

In today's time, youngsters spend ample time onscreen and consider it as a means of recreation. There is an exponential experience of psychological issues like dejection and helplessness, when they are exposed with internet access. This study aims to provide a systematic review of published researches on the internet addiction and psychological Well-being among adolescents'. The result of various studies highlighted the deleterious impact of internet addiction on individuals' mental health. In addition to this, persistent exposure to social networking sites further contributes to behavioural issues among youngsters
Pages: 13-16
Archana Mishra (Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh)

The present research aimed to investigate the relationship between gender bias and values of the participant. Rokeach (1973) have defined values as “enduring beliefs that a specific mode of conduct or end state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end state of existence.” Sex differences in child rearing are very well known in south East Asia's developing countries. It is particularly pronounced in India. Child of rearing values assigned or attached with male and female child differently. Therefore the present research attempts to understand the relationship between gender bias and values of females. The data was collected on 300 females from private corporate sectors, using the scale of gender bias and portrait value questionnaire revised version. Correlational analysis was used for analyzing the participant's responses.
Pages: 17-23
Arial S. Bloshinsky and Madhavi Menon (Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, College of Psychology, Nova Southeastern University, College Avenue, Fort Lauderdale)

Narrative identity is the notion that an individual forms an identity through the construction of life events that provides them with some meaning and purpose. Similarly, gender is a very central part of individual identity. This paper reviews the topic of gender identity in personal narratives. It explores the prevalent literature centered on these two constructs and reviews their role in individual development across the life span. Narrative identity development has many different facets that can lead to the exploration of how gender and gender identity might shape this narrative. While extant research has explored gender differences within the personal narrative, however, there is limited research on gender identity in personal narratives. This paper reviews the literature involving gender identity and the narrative identity to create a cohesive account of how gender identity and the narrative identity work together in the development of a continuous sense of self in the personal narrative.
Pages: 24-28
Anjali Singh and Sunita Kumari (Department of Psychology, Shri Varshney College, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh)

Mental health is similar to maturity and maturity is arisen from time and responsibilities. If a person cannot play a sufficient role according to time and responsibilities, they cannot be mentally or emotionally healthy, if individuals are unemployed. Several studies have revealed an association between unemployment and mental health and shown that unemployment can affect people's emotional maturity differently. The aim of this present paper was to study the emotional maturity of the employed and unemployed graduates. The sample consisted of 200 graduate students from different areas of Aligarh district in U.P., in which 100 employed (50 male & 50 female) and 100 unemployed (50 male & 50 female) graduates. The sample was selected through random sampling method, in which the age range of the selected subjects were 20 to 30 years. The scale of Emotional maturity was used to data collection which was developed by (Singh & Bhargava, 1990). To find out the significant difference between employed and unemployed graduates calculated the mean, standard deviation (SD), and t-test. The findings of the study revealed the significant difference between employed and unemployed graduates.
Pages: 29-32
Nand Kumar Singh (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, Gwalior Mansik Arogyashala, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh)
Aman Kishore (Department of Psychiatry, Gwalior Mansik Arogyashala, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh)

The aim of study was to assessment of the family burden in schizophrenia. The present study was conducted on 25 schizophrenic patients and his / her family members in the out-patient department of Gwalior Mansik Arogyashala, Gwalior, in the age group of 21-45 years of either sex, diagnosed by ICD-10 criteria for patients and minimum 21 years age of either sex for informants and who has been with continuously for the last two years and spending a lot of time and emotional support providing to the patients. Result indicate that family members experience less burden after they were assessed after six months of follow-up.
Pages: 33-40
Sandeep Kaur (Department of Management, Guru Nanak Institute of Management and Technology, Ludhiana, Punjab)

In the beginning of 20th century, the technological advancement in medical sector has lead to the increase in the percentage of the advanced age population. Now due to fall in fertility rate, better nutritional conditions, improvement of basic public health services, and control of infectious diseases the number of aged people has increased. The present study was conducted on 200 dual earner respondents through judgment sampling. Data was collected through a questionnaire developed by Fusun et al. (2011) named as AAS (Ageism Attitude Scale). The findings revealed that there was a positive ageism attitude among working couples. Respondents agreed that physical appearances of elderly people look weak and fragile. Elderly people should not be paid less in their work lives. Working couples agreed that elderly people should not go on travelling by their own family should accompany them so that they could spend quality time with them. Further, it was also found that both males and females equally respect their elders. Working couples were not able to spend enough time with their elders but still they care and think about elders' benefit. Young people should be guided in the family from childhood that aged people are the assets for the family not a economic burden on the family. For this the government should make the strong retirement plans, pension schemes, and old age homes so that youngsters should take their elders as a integral part of their society. Faking of emotions of respect, care should not be developed rather it should be felt within.
Pages: 41-44
Pargi Arti and Alpesh Leua (Department of Agribusiness Economics and Finance, AABMI, NAU, Navsari, Gujarat)

The technology development in agriculture has been rapid resulting in development of tissue culture technique. South Gujarat is the main banana producing hub in Gujarat. Banana is mainly grown in Bharuch district of South Gujarat. The present study was carried out to estimate resource use efficiency of banana crops. The study revealed that the overall average elasticity, co-efficient of multiple determination and return to scale it could be said that gross income of banana crop increased proportionately with an increase in the area under banana cultivation, planting material and total human labour. The ratio of MVP to MFC for all resources were less than one except area under banana cultivation which indicating that there is a need to reduce expenditure on it and increase the expenditure on area under banana cultivation for optimum profit.
Pages: 45-51
Gayatri Raina (Department of Applied Psychology, Gurugram University, Gurugram, Haryana)
Shivalika Sharma (Department of Psychology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh)

The present study aimed at examining the seven sub variables of psychosocial stressors (i.e. strained interpersonal relationship, excessive responsibilities, financial constraints, marriage related stress, health related problems, adverse situations and perceived threat)as correlates of coping behavior (i.e., problem focused coping, emotion focused coping, & avoidance coping) among male and female bureaucrats of Himachal Pradesh. The sample comprised of 175 bureaucrats (128 male & 47 female bureaucrats). For the purpose of collecting data from the selected sample of bureaucrats two scales have been used, i.e., ICMR Psychosocial Stress Scale (Srivastava, 1992) and Cope Inventory (Carver, Scheier, & Weintraub, 1989). Correlation and regression analyses were carried out to see the effect of psychosocial stressors on coping strategies among the selected officers. The results revealed that:1. Psychosocial stressors in terms of strained interpersonal relationships, health related problems and adverse situations were found to be negatively and significantly related to problem focused coping among male bureaucrats. Secondly, health related problems and perceived threats were negatively and significantly related to emotion focused coping among male bureaucrats. Among female bureaucrats no significant correlation emerged between seven sub variables of psychosocial stressors and three sub variables of coping behavior
Pages: 52-57
Suresh Kumar Mehta and Bhakti Murkey (Department of Psychiatry, Pacific Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan)

Covid-19 pandemic has compelled many nations to impose strict social isolation guidelines as infection control measures. In India, a nation-wide lockdown was imposed in order to prevent community spread of the virus. This has initiated a surge in emotional and psychological distress, along with excessive reliance on internet use to cope with the same. This study aims at assessing the effect of lockdown on internet use. A semi-structured proforma circulated as a Google Form was used to collect the demographics and assess the severity of internet use in 200 participants, both prior to and during lockdown. Problematic and Risky Internet Use Screening Scale (PRIUSS) was used as the assessment tool. Data was analyzed using SPSS 26.0. Mean age of the participant group was 38.42 years. Most of the participants used their cell phones (mobile devices) to access the internet and mostly for the purpose of online socializing. One third of the population spent more than 4 hours online/day besides academic or work purpose. Up to 70% of the population reported to have experienced benefits of online surfing, while around 30% reported an experience of harmful effects. 62% of the population felt that the lockdown had significantly affected their pattern of internet use. Severity of internet use was found to be significantly higher in all the individual factors under PRIUSS during lockdown, as compared to prior to lockdown (p
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