IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review is an indexed and refereed journal published monthly by the Indian Association of Health, Research, and Welfare (IAHRW). IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review likely aims to promote interdisciplinary research in social sciences by providing a platform for scholars, academicians, and professionals. Its primary objectives include fostering discussions on contemporary social issues, policy-making, and human development while encouraging evidence-based research in sociology, psychology, political science, economics, and cultural studies. The journal focuses on areas such as social behavior, education, governance, gender studies, mental health, and societal well-being. Its goals include publishing high-quality research, supporting academic discourse, and contributing to knowledge that influences social policies and community development. IAHRW IJSSR is a peer-reviewed journal, and the papers are published after a review process by the review panel of the journal. This journal has been published regularly since 2013. For more details write to us at iahrw2019@gmail.com
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, President Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare
Editorial Office: 1245/4, Mohalla Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: suneil.psy@gmail.com
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: IAHRW Publications Pvt. Ltd
ISSN: 2347-3797 (print version)
ISSN: . (electronic version)
Frequency: Monthly
Indexing: EBSCOhost Connection Two, Academic Search Complete, The Belt and Road Initiative Reference Source, Cogito Indexing Text, Academic Search Ultimate, Academic Search Main Edition, Biomedical Index, Google Scholar Crawl Database, SocINDEX with Full Text, Sociology Source Ultimate, ProQuest, I-scholar, Google Scholar and National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating 4.42
CHIEF EDITOR
Sunil Saini, PhD
Indian Association of Health Research and Welfare, Hisar, Haryana, India
INTERNATIONAL EDITORIAL BOARD
Rankoana Sejabaledi Agnes, PhD, University of Limpopo, South Africa
Sakhile Manyathi, PhD, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
EDITORS
Anita Sharma, PhD, HP University, Shimla, HP
C R. Darolia, PhD, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana
Damanjit Sandhu, PhD, Punjabi University, Patiala
Jaspreet Kaur, PhD, Punjabi University Patiala
Ritesh Kumar Singh, PhD, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi
Radhy Shyam, PhD, MD University, Rohtak, Haryana
Rekha Sapra, PhD, University of Delhi, Delhi
Sandeep Singh, PhD, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana
Sangeeta Trama, PhD, Punjabi University, Patiala
Sunita Malhotra, PhD, Former Dean, MD University, Rohtak, Haryana
Waheeda Khan, PhD, SGT University, Gurugram
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, President Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare (IAHRW)
Editorial Office: 1245/4, Mohalla Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: iahrw2019@gmail.com, suneil_psy@iahrw.org
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare (IAHRW)
ISSN: 2347-3797 (print version)
ISSN: . (electronic version)
Frequency: Quarterly
Indexing: EBSCOhost Connection Two, Academic Search Complete, The Belt and Road Initiative Reference Source, Cogito Indexing Text, Academic Search Ultimate, Academic Search Main Edition, Biomedical Index, Google Scholar Crawl Database, SocINDEX with Full Text, Sociology Source Ultimate, ProQuest, I-scholar, Google Scholar and National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating 4.42Stellenbosch University, South Africa
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Author’s guidelines:
IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review (IJSSR) is a peer-reviewed research journal published quarterly by Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare. The IJSSR is indexed with EBSCO, J-Gate, etc. The journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of scientific excellence in the area of Anthropology, Sociology, Psychology, Education, Social Work, Political Science, Management, Commerce, Economics, Mass Media, History, Political Sciences, Geography, History and other related fields. IJSSR is published monthly now
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References
References should be as per APA format as follows
• Journal article
Panda, T., Lamba, V., Goyal, N., Saini, S., Boora, S., Cruz. (2018). Psychometric Testing in Schools. Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing, 8(2), 213–245.
• Article by DOI
Slifka, M. K., & Whitton, J. L. (2000) Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. Journal of Molecular Medicine, doi:10.1007/s001090000086
• Book
Calfee, R. C., & Valencia, R. R. (1991). APA guide to preparing manuscripts for journal publication. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
• Book chapter
O’Neil, J. M., & Egan, J. (1992). Men’s and women’s gender role journeys: Metaphor for healing, transition, and transformation. In B. R. Wainrib (Ed.), Gender issues across the life cycle (pp. 107–123). New York: Springer.
• Online document
Abou-Allaban, Y., Dell, M. L., Greenberg, W., Lomax, J., Peteet, J., Torres, M., & Cowell, V. (2006). Religious/spiritual commitments and psychiatric practice. Resource document. American Psychiatric Association. https://web.archive.org/web/20100308014645/http://www.psych.org:80/edu/other_res/lib_archives/archives/200604.pdf. Accessed 25 June 2007.
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The acceptance rate depends upon
the below 10% plagiarism (Turnitin Software) and reviewers’ feedback and
recommendations.
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The IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review follows ethical publishing standards and may have
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Conflict of Interest Policy
Authors are required to disclose on the title page of the initial manuscript any potential, perceived, or real conflict of interest. Authors must describe the direct/indirect financial/personal support (ownership, grants, honorarium, consultancies, etc.) in (1) the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; (2) the writing of the report; and (3) the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Authors should explicitly mention on the cover page that whether potential conflicts do or do not exit. A declaration should be made on the cover page for all types of conflicts that could affect submission to publication of a manuscript. The role of funding agencies should be clearly mentioned.
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, President Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare
Editorial Office: 1245/18, Moh. Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India,
Email: suneil.psy@gmail.com,
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: IAHRW
ISSN: 2347-3797 (print version)
ISSN: . (electronic version)
Frequency: Monthly
Indexing: EBSCO, i-scholar
Peer Review
All content of the IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review is subject to peer-review. The Editor first checks and evaluates the submitted manuscript, examining its fit and quality regarding its significance, manuscript format, research quality. If it is suitable for potential pubication, the Editor directs the manuscript for Plagiarism check, and the minimum similarity acceptable is below 20% without references. After that, editor directs the manuscript to two reviewers, with both being experts in the field. This journal employs double-blind review, wehre the author and referee remains anonymous througout the process. Referees are asked to avaluate whetehr the manuscript is original, makes a theoretical contribution to the study, methodoogy is sound, follos appropriate ethical guidelines, whether the results are clearly presented and sufficient supporting studies are given and support the conclusion. The time for evaluation is approximately one month. The Editor’s decision will be sent to the author with recommendations made by the referees. Revised manuscripts might be returned to the initial referees who may then request another revision of the manuscript. After both reviewer’s feedback, the Editor decides if the manuscript will be rejected, accepted with revision needed or accepted for publication. The Editor’s decision is final. Regerees advise the Editor, who is responsible for the final decision to accept or reject the article.
Compaint policy
We ain to respond to and resolve all complaints quickly. All complaints will be acknowledged within a week. For all matters related to the policies, procedures, editorial content, and actions of the editorial staff, the decision of the Editor-in-Chief shall be final. The procedure to make a complaint is easy. It can be made by writing an email to editor: iahrw@iahrw.org
Confict of Interest Policy
Transparency and objectiity in research are essential for publication in this journal. These principles are strictily followed in our peer review process and decision of publication. Manuscript submissions are assigned to reviewers in an effort to minimize potential conflicts of interest. After papers are assigned, individual reviewers are required to inform the editor-in-chief of any conflict.
Pages: 159-163 Shazia Hasnain1 and Santoshi Halder2 (Department of Education, Aliah University, Kolkata, West Bengal1 and Department of Education, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal2) Learners' perception about the task-based approach is an important area of study as students are major stakeholders in new approaches of teaching, and therefore, their opinion and perceptions can help in a better understanding of an approach. Usually, in many developing countries, including India, teacher-centred approaches are followed in teaching English as a second language, leading to ineffective development of learners' communicative skills. The task-based approach has been used in many countries around the world effectively to develop the communicative skills of the second and foreign language learners. The studies have reported the effectiveness of task-based approach and have even discussed the approach from the point of view of teachers. Some studies have particularly collected feedback from the learners to know about their experience in the task-based approach. The present review is an analysis of eleven studies based on the perceptions of students towards task-based approach. This analysis adds to the existing literature by pointing out the positive and negative aspects of TBLT from learners' point of view. |
Pages: 164-172 Sundharraj Gokilapriya and Narayanan Annalakshmi (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) Transgenders face multiple challenges and are at high risk for psychosocial adaptation. This underlines the importance of resilience research in this population. Positive psychology provides a useful framework for investigating the role of an individual's basic human qualities in coping with difficult life events or situations. The present study focuses on examining the factors contributing to resilience, happiness, and life satisfaction among transgenders. The participants were recruited from different regions of a mid-sized city in South India. A convenient sample of 330 transwomen in the age group 18 to 55 years was selected. The participants completed self-report measures of virtues of character strength, perceived social support, community belongingness, resilience, happiness, and life satisfaction. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were carried out to find the best predictors of resilience, happiness, and life satisfaction. Wisdom and knowledge, justice, courage, humanity, and transcendence positively predicted resilience. Wisdom and knowledge, courage, humanity, transcendence, friends support, and community belongingness also positively predicted happiness. Wisdom and knowledge, justice, humanity, transcendence, friends support, and significant others support positively predicted life satisfaction. Further, courage and community belongingness negatively predicted life satisfaction. It is intriguing to note that temperance did not significantly predict resilience, happiness, and life satisfaction. The findings highlight the importance of character strength virtues, social support, and community belongingness that can serve as individual personal resources to thrive in adverse conditions. Future research should focus on developing interventions for transgenders at individual, group, and community levels. |
Pages: 173-178 Sakshi Vaish and Irfan Fayaz (Jindal Institute of Behavioural Sciences (JIBS) O P Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana) Child sexual abuse (CSA) remains one of the most pressing and far-reaching issues in India today. The trauma resulted from the sexual abuse can contribute to numerous adverse effects on children throughout their whole lifespan. In most cases, the child sexual abuse is not reported and the child is not provided with adequate therapeutic and protective assistance. And as a result, the child has to suffer alone in silence. The main aim of this paper is to discuss and evaluate the nature and all the significant aspects of child sexual abuse in the perspective of Rational Choice Theory. It aims to explore how familial and socio-cultural risk factors are associated with child sexual abuse. The paper will also discuss the ascending growth in the number of child sexual abuse in India during the Covid-19 and provide an overview of the studies done on child sexual abuse during the pandemic. Data for this paper were collected from the incidents of child sexual abuse reported in the newspapers, therefore all the data are secondary. The approach of the research is pragmatic and descriptive method to evaluate the information is chosen. The findings or the results display that there has been a huge spike in the number of child sexual abuse during Covid-19 in India; unemployment remains one of the main reasons for the abuse; in most cases, the offender is well-known to the victim, and there is a huge lack of information about the laws of the country regarding child sexual abuse. Thus, it is quite understandable from this study that Covid-19 and the lockdown have deeply influenced and fueled the already existed issue of Child Sexual Abuse in India. |
Pages: 179-182 Kritika Dudeja and C. K. Singh (I. C. College of Home Science, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana) Coronavirus has created chaos in all aspects of human life. Covid-19 severely affected the environment, economy, education system, and human life. Due to lockdown, various business, economic activities, and employment-providing sectors completely shut down. Academic institutions and schools, and other learning institutes are closed for almost two years. It disturbs the whole education system of India and the whole world. Covid-19 brought many changes in all aspects of our lives. The first case of COVID-19 in India was reported in Thrissur (Kerala) after a student come back home for a holiday from the Wuhan University of China. Corona virus is causing due to severe acute respiratory syndrome. Body ache, fever, nausea, and coughing up are the frequent symptoms of Covid-19. The sprouting period of COVID-19 is the period between transmitting the virus and begins symptoms of the disease. A virus is transmitted from non-living things also where this virus settles and comes in touch with a non-infected population. Apart, the virus enters the eyes, nose, and mouth that lead to corona patient. Almost every sector is facing its worst period during this pandemic. Within a short period, many scientists and researchers shared and publish their work related to this virus and pandemic in all possible ways. In this review paper, we aim to provide a complete report on the impact of the Covid-19 on life, economy, and environment in India and the world. We also discuss the various strategies to overcome this disaster which has become a threat to the whole human race in all aspects. |
Pages: 183-185 Neethu P. S.1 and Amala Sudarsan2 (Department of Sports Psychology, Central University of Rajasthan1 and Department of Applied Psychology, Central University of Tamil Nadu2) A larger number of researchers have identified the various mental health issues due to the emergence of COVID-19 pandemic. The present study is focusing on the positive psychological resource hope and its relationship with wellbeing among adults. A total of 210 participants from the general public were participated in the study completing an online survey. Result showed that hope and subjective wellbeing had a significant positive correlation and also hope is significantly predicting the wellbeing of the adults during the pandemic outbreak. Further the result indicates that the pathway thinking dimension of hope significantly predicting the wellbeing. The result suggests that paying attention to enhance the hope as well as planning to meet goals improves the overall well-being during any pandemic or crisis situations. |
Pages: 186-191 Tarush and Monika Rikhi (Department of Applied Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College (Evening), University of Delhi, Delhi) Pandemics have altered the work culture in many ways throughout history. COVID-19 emerging as a global pandemic resulted in economic ripple effects, causing a significant increase in the unemployment rate, large-scale changes to organisations' business operations, and substantial modifications to work and management styles. However, much discussion surrounds the impact of this issue on the future of work and for people working in organisations. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of job satisfaction among work-from-home and field workers throughout the pandemic's lockdown phase. The Job Satisfaction questionnaire by Sengupta et al. (2017) was conducted on a sample size of 80 individuals using the non-probability sampling approach. Participants were chosen from a group of 25-45-year-olds. The Delhi NCR area was used as a sampling frame. The study consisted of male and female subjects. Based on the nature of the job in the pandemic lockdown situation, 40 of the 80 participants were assigned to the “work from home” category, while the other 40 were assigned to the 'field workers' category. The outcomes of this study show that job satisfaction levels for essential and remote workers are not significantly different at the 0.05 or 0.01 level of significance (denoted by p< .05; p< .01), which suggests job satisfaction comes from other sources, indicating that field workers are more resilient than remote workers, maybe due to a greater sense of the necessity of the task to be done, especially and more than before in these extreme circumstances. On several occasions, comparing job satisfaction levels has shown important information that may enhance the work environment, perhaps leading to greater productivity and job happiness among employees. |
Pages: 192-196 Sherin Joseph and Rosalito De Guzman (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines) Today adolescent depression is a huge public health concern around the world. Among adolescents, depression is a highly prevalent and severe mental health issue that often leads to suicide, school dropout, antisocial behavior, drug abuse, cognitive vulnerability, and severe disability, resulting in their low psychological well-being. Perceiving this scenario, the researcher aimed to develop an intervention to reduce the level of depression and increase the PWB of adolescents, and to pilot test its viability and usability in the clinical practice. The study made use of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDl-11) and Ryff's Psychological Well-being scales (RPWB) in measuring the research variables. For a better understanding of the situation, the researcher conducted a need-assessment survey, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. Based on these assessment procedures, the researcher developed an eight-modular intervention program. The pilot was tested among ten adolescents who were in a moderate level of depression and poor PWB. The pilot study's findings revealed a significant reduction in depression and a significant improvement in the participant’s PWB. |
Pages: 197-198 Preeti and Kiran Singh (Department of Family Resource Management Chaudhary Charn Singh Haryana Agricuture University, Hissar, Haryana) Farmer protest in India is not a new thing. Farmers protest originated since the times of pre independence era in our nation. These protests arises due to various reasons like forcible adoption of land by the industrialists, clearing of farm lands for setting up business enterprises or educational institutions, issues regarding sale of agricultural produce, taxation or infrastructural problem etc. the ongoing farmer protest in India is against three bills introduced by the Union Government. The intention of the Government is that farmers should focus farming with more scientific and technical ways that will not only increase the land fertility but also farming with non-conventional agricultural methods will be profit oriented but the farmers are feared that mandi system will be closed and the agriculture market will be owned by some corporate houses. The farmers demand is either abolish the three laws or guarantee the Minimum Support Price (MSP) for every crop. This study reveals the farmer's protest reasons and fear and concerns about the new Indian Agriculture Acts. |
Pages: 199-204 Tarika Sandhu and Jasvir Kaur (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab) The World Health Organization proclaimed the COVID-19 upsurge as a worldwide pandemic on 30th of January, 2020. The virus has impacted major aspects of human existence from physical to mental health across the globe. Chiefly, the COVID-19 epidemic has prompted depressive symptoms, social isolation, and a decreased sense of well-being contributing to increased psychological distress for people at large (Holman et al., 2020; Armitage & Nellums, 2020; Brooks et al., 2020). It becomes vital to consider the role of pre-existing factors such as personal dispositions in determining the mental health outcomes of individuals especially during the pandemic. Research has equivocally demonstrated that, Neuroticism as a stable personality disposition has been significantly related to mental health outcomes in the past (Michielsen et al., 2014; Garbarino et al., 2014; Wenzel, 2015; Gale et al., 2016; Nikcevic et al., 2021). Since Neuroticism is associated with increased sensitivity to stressful, unpleasant or traumatic situations (Hisler et al., 2020) its dominance would affect how people perceive and adapt to the COVID-19 epidemic as well. In the same light, the current study investigated the predictive role of Neuroticism in mental health of adults during COVID-19 epidemic. For this purpose, data was collected online through Google forms from adults, age ranging 20-35 years. The time of data collection ranged from 3rd week of April, 2020 to 2nd week of May, 2020. The status of COVID pandemic in India during this time was almost 1 lakh cases (95,698). General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) by Goldberg (1978) was used to assess the mental health of the participants. GHQ assesses mental health on four domains: Anxiety and Insomnia, Severe depression, Social dysfunction and, Somatic symptoms. Also, Neuroticism was assessed with the Big five personality inventory-44 (John & Srivastava, 1999) which is gleaned from the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) by Costa and McCrae (1985). The total sample comprised of 68 adults (29 Males & 39 Females). Results clearly showed the predictive role of Neuroticism in poor mental health associated with COVID-19 pandemic. |
Pages: 205-207 Roby James and Joy Tungol (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines) The challenging activity of giving care for the patients of schizophrenia demands substantial amount of energy and time over a long duration, resulting in stress and exhaustion of the family caregivers. Escalated caregiving tasks and roles lead to the increased Expressed Emotion (EE) of the caregivers. EE represents the relational disturbance between the caregiving family member and the patient. Patients of schizophrenia seem to be at high risk of worsening the condition which leads to relapse if they are living in family environment distinguished by high levels of EE of the family members, especially the caregivers. EE remains as major condition that needs to be a focus of clinical attention. There is an urgent need for strength-based or resiliency-based interventions at individual or group level for the persons and families of schizophrenia to deal with the negative emotional atmosphere in the families. It is important that the future studies should assess the prevalence of EE among the family caregivers of schizophrenia patients to initiate adequate interventions to address this adverse factor. |
Pages: 208-211 Swathi, P.S. and Mahesh Babu (Department of PG Studies and Research in Psychology, SDM PG Centre, Ujire, Karnataka) Today's youth is tomorrow's future. Any unhealthy attitude that the youth holds will be passed on to the next generation. Gender stereotype is a widely held belief or generalization about the behaviors, characteristics and roles performed by women and men. The current study focuses on Gender stereotype among young adults. The scales used to assess the variables are Gender stereotype scale by Arjun Sekhar and socio-demographic details on 139 young adults which consist of 80 females and 59 males within the age group of 18 to 35. The data was analyzed using independent samples t-test. The findings of the study indicate that there is significant difference in Gender stereotype among male and female young adults. |
Pages: 212-215 Indu and Anjali Malik (Department of Psychology, M.D.U, Rohtak, Haryana) Aggression in adolescents is a pressing problem and a matter of great concern. Of the many reasons that exacerbate aggressive behavior in adolescents, peer rejection seems to be an important variable. The current research paper attempts to explore the relationship between peer rejection and aggression in adolescents. For the purpose of the study, a sample of 140 private school (CBSE affiliated) students between the age group of 13 to 18 years old were selected based on availability. Aggression questionnaire by Buss & Perry (1992) and Social Peer Rejection Measure (2013) by Lev-Wiesel, Sarid, Sternberg were administered on the subjects. Data was analyzed by using Pearson's correlation method. The results revealed a significantly positive correlation between peer rejection and adolescent aggression. Results have been discussed at length in the paper. |
Pages: 216-221 Bhupendra Singh (Department of Psychology, NREC College, Khurja, Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh) Though learning has no age, adolescent years are the most crucial years when one devotes his maximum time to attain knowledge. The best knowledge is the one that an authority provides, school being the one for adolescents. It helps an individual build his/ her personality and future, but what is required is a balanced approach towards inner and outer environment and having a sense of well-being that culminates into good mental health for better development. Knowledge and mental health time and again proved to have a positive correlation. Hence, deducting that schools also help in mental well- being of an individual, won't be wrong. The current study focuses on how the mental health of adolescent boys and girls vary in minority and public schools. It was found that the mental health of adolescents studying in public schools was better on all dimensions but one, which is IQ. A significant dimension to have differed gender wise was emotional stability, where public school boys and minority school girls had an upper hand. The results proved significance of school climate on these adolescents. A total no. of 400 adolescents were studied on a mental health battery in line with the objectives of the study. |
Pages: 222-226 Selene Khosla (Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, IGNOU, New Delhi) Organizations are driven by a strong motive to understand how and what makes their employees productive, effective, and most importantly, assets at the workplace. Organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) and Self-efficacy are two important components impacting the culture of the organization, dependent on the amalgamation of personal characteristic and the organizational characteristics. A sample of 100 participants working in the IT sector were contacted for the study. The sample was divided equally among men and women. OCB was measure using “The Organizational Citizenship Behaviour Checklist (OCB-C)” (Spector & Fox, 2009). Self-efficacy was assessed using The “General Self-efficacy Scale” (GSES, Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995). Analysis of data revealed that there is a significant positive correlation between the variables. In terms of gender differences, no significant difference was noted in the level of OCB. The study has implications for enhancing personal characteristics to enhance organizational effectiveness. |
Pages: 227-229 Gurinayat Brar,1 Zaara Brar,2 Sahejdeep Kaur,3 Aarav Ahuja,4 and Vidit Verma5 (BSc Economics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK1, Strawberry Fields High School, Chandigarh2,4, Carmel Convent School, Chandigarh3, and Doon School, Dehradoon, Uttarakhand5) It is unprecedented for the Indian economy to be faced with the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. Preceding the epidemic, economic development had slowed to a crawl, and unemployment and poverty had risen to unprecedented levels. Consequently, when the pandemic struck in March 2020, the country's ability to deal with a new catastrophe was weakened. Afterwards, the economy was hit by a severe economic downturn that touched all industries. The study covers different aspects concerning Indian economic status. Many businesses have been impacted by COVID-19, including the pharmaceutical industry, hospitality, tourism, aviation, real estate, and housing. In the wake of the crisis, at least 15 million jobs were lost, according to estimates. The purpose of this review analysis is to determine the impact of Covid-19 and the lockout on the Indian economy. India, being a rapidly developing country, would be hit hard by the effects of this natural disaster. |
Pages: 230-234 Sadhana Yadav1 and R. N. Singh2 (Department of Psychology, Juhari Devi Girls P. G. College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh1 and Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh2) There is no comprehensive tool to assess global executive function of Indian adults. However, there are numerous Indian adaptations of performance based tools of cognitive function which assess executive function as a dimension, but of course no tool is available which can measure it separately and provide a global assessment of it. The Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult version was developed originally in English language (Roth, Isquith, & Gioia, 2005). In view of the above, present study is an attempt to prepare a Hindi version of BRIEF-A, self-report. Translation and Back-translation method were used for this purpose. The sample comprised 100 participants coming both from the rural and urban areas of North India. The age range of participants was 40 to 60 years. Data analyses showed that all the items of the translated version have excellent reliability and validity. |
Pages: 235-239 Michael P. Vallavanthra (Department of Research and Evaluation, Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) Depression, anxiety and stress of adolescent orphans living in orphanages is the main topic of the research work. In this context, the influence of variables such as depression, anxiety and stress on orphans is studied. The present paper shows the result of this study. A sample of 210 orphans is randomly selected from various orphanages in Thrissur district of Kerala. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 21 (DASS 21) a short version of Levobond and Levibond's (1995) 42 item self-report measure of depression, anxiety and stress (DASS) is used to measure the variables. The sample is studied on three levels namely early (12 to 14 years-Group 1), middle (14 to 17 years-Group 2), and late (17 to 19 years-Group 3) adolescents based on adolescent phases. Results of ANOVA show that there is a significant difference in depression between the three groups, where, early and middle adolescents show significantly higher levels of depression compared to late adolescents. The three groups are also compared using 't' test to find out gender differences in depression, anxiety and stress. It is found that females are high on anxiety compared to males in the middle adolescent group. In the late adolescent group, females are higher on depression, anxiety and stress, compared to males. It is also found that there exists a significant positive correlation between depression, anxiety and stress. |
Pages: 240-242 Sanya Aggarwal (Delhi Public School, R.K. Puram, New Delhi) Previous studies have shown that music and art therapy can aid in the prevention and treatment of a range of psychosocial illnesses. They both aid in the development of effective learning strategies and emotional self-control and are also effective tools for expressing emotions, processing difficult feelings, and finding solace (Guest Author, 2018). Adolescence is a difficult time for teens since they are undergoing so many physical, social, and emotional changes and thus, are more vulnerable to stress, anxiety attacks, and despair. Art and music are known to help in lowering cortisol levels in humans and consequently increasing dopamine production in the body and thus providing peace of mind to adolescents. To reach a conclusion, the researcher conducted a study using the mailed questionnaire approach to investigate teenage stress levels and if art and music therapy helps them cope, as well as research about its effectiveness. Art and music therapy were mentioned by the majority of the participants as beneficial stress coping strategies, and it was also concluded that ignoring stress and anxiety situations doesn't usually help; rather proves to be more detrimental to their mental well-being. These results support the hypothesis that stress and anxiety levels in adolescents can be significantly reduced using effective coping techniques such as art and music therapy. |
Pages: 243-246 Gurinayat Brar1, Kismat Dosanjh2, and Inaksh Kaur Saran3 (BSc Economics, University of Warwick, Coventry, Uk1, Class- XI, Strawberry Fields High School, Chandigarh2, and Class- XII, Vivek High School, Chandigarh3) Coronavirus pandemics have spread over the globe. As a result, national economies and businesses are seeing the impact of the virus, which has left governments scrambling to come up with new strategies to contain it. Hundreds of thousands of individuals have been out of work or reduced in income. Joblessness has risen in almost all of the world's economies. Covid-19 has influenced our daily lives, businesses, and the global trade and movements in ways that have dramatically impacted the planet. To be able to keep the virus from spreading as quickly, it is important to identify the disease as early on as possible. Manufacturing of the products has all but come to a halt in the majority of countries. As a result of this sickness, a wide range of companies and sectors are affected, which include the pharmaceutical industry, the solar power industry, the travel industry, and the Information and electronics industry. This virus has major worldwide consequences as well as impacts on daily lives. The following studies represent the effect of covid-19 on the global economy. |
Pages: 247-251 Mohammad Akram (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh) In this advance era, we can observe that unemployment is increasing day by day and there are many vocations are vacant for the deserving, skilled and eligible candidates. This may be because of the choice of vocations and subject combination of the study in school is always a problem for students. So, before choosing the right career, it is very important for students that they must know about their interest, skills and ability and choose the stream and subjects/course very carefully according to their wishes. In this regard, the present research tries to make an attempt to assess the gender differences in different dimensions of vocational interest among adolescent students studying in 9th class, schools of Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. The Vocational Interest Record inventory (VIR) by Kulshrestha (1977) was used to collect data in which 150 (75 boys & 75 girls) students participated. The data was analyzed with the help of Mean, SD, and t-test. The result revealed that the adolescent students (male & female) were significantly differed on overall vocational interest while were not differed on the (commercial, constructive, agriculture, & persuasive) dimensions of vocational interest. |
Pages: 57-60 Girijesh K. Yadav, Sunil Kumar, and Mahatam Mishra (ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Gujarat) This study was conducted to assess the level of depression among diamond workers with respect to their job task. Three hundred forty-two diamond workers have been enrolled from Ahmedabad, Gujarat ranging between 18 to 60 years belonging to five different job tasks Ghattarasi (n=37), Table cutting (n=35), Talia bottom (N=123), Athpel (n=78) and Mathala (n=69). Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-42) has been used to assess the depression of diamond workers. Results showed a moderate level of depression (M=13.08, SD=7.9) among diamond workers. One-way ANOVA revealed no significant difference in depression scores across different job tasks except Ghat tarasi workers. Ghat tarasi workers did not show depression. Hence, the level of depression among diamond workers have not been significantly influenced by their job task apart from ghat tarasi workers. |
Pages: 61-65 Shallu and Promila Batra (Department of Psychology, Maharishi Dayanad University, Rohtak, Haryana) Depression has affected millions of people worldwide in their lifetime. Along with pharmacotherapy there is a need to identify psychotherapies which provide some value addition to the current treatment process. One of the various psychotherapies is based on principles of positive psychology. The role of Positive psychology interventions (PPI) as a treatment modality is not yet very clear. Current study served to test the effectiveness of gratitude and forgiveness as PPI in patients with depression. 30 patients suffering from mild to moderate depression were included in current study. A 7 session therapy module was designed including forgiveness and gratitude exercises. Gratitude interventions included daily gratitude journal, 5 things he/she is grateful for, thank you letter and grateful prompts. For forgiveness intervention REACH model was taken in sessions. Depression was measured with Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Other factors such as life orientation, satisfaction with life, quality of life, global improvement and therapeutic responses were also measured. Results indicated that there was a significant decrease in depressive symptoms with increased quality of life and satisfaction with overall improvement in each domain. PPIs might be used as a therapeutic intervention in mild to moderate depression. Along with depression other factors also improved with long term effects. |
Pages: 66-70 Selene Khosla (Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, IGNOU, New Delhi) With an aim to explore how the constructs of self-esteem and locus of control are related among adolescents, a sample consisted of 100 adolescents between the age group of 15-19, studying in Delhi-NCR was chosen. Rosenberg's “Self-esteem Scale” (1965) with Levenson's “Multidimensional Locus of Control Scale” (1981) was employed to assess self-esteem along with locus of control (respectively). Being correlational in nature, it was undertaken to understand as well as explore the relationship between these two constructs. It was found that a positive correlation exists between the aforementioned variables. Significant differences with respect to gender, were found as well. |
Pages: 71-73 Sushmita Upadhyay (Department of Psychology, M.G.P.G. College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh) The present study examined the cases of suicidal tendency in teenager and elders. For this study we have selected the different causes of suicidal deaths through newspaper and Internet. These causes presented with multiple causes for suicide. 70 cases were selected for the study. All the cases were related to both male and female. Two groups were drawn from the sample. In the first group, we have selected the age group between 15 to 25 years and for another group those cases were selected who are in between 26 to 60 years. The review explores the main factors which are responsible for suicide in Indian context and examined are lack of self confidence, lack of coping strategies towards the adversities of life situations. Youth psychiatric disorder are the key risk factors for the suicidal tendencies. |
Pages: 74-80 Vinod K. Shanwal (Department of Education & Training, Gautam Buddha University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh) Environmental pollution is harmful to the health it has become one of the most prevalent issue that is faced by all the countries around the world. A vast literature has assessed the effects of pollution on all the living beings (Azam, Zaiyani, & Mood, 2016). There have been studies that indicate harmful effect of air pollution. Most of the available literature primarily focuses on physical health issues that arise due to air contamination. Impact of air pollution on mental and psychological health is explored in scarce proportions (UNICEF, 2020). Most of the developing countries are facing this problem on a greater level. The more harm it creates in developing nations less is the understanding of dangerous effects on mental and psychological health (World Health Organisation, 2018). To combat the detrimental effects of air pollution, existing studies have highlighted the necessity to work on increasing resilience and coping abilities in children (Theron et al., 2021). There is a need of focussed and planned formats to be practiced in order to develop coping abilities and measures to neutralise effects of air pollution on psychological and mental health of children (Azam, Zaiyani, & Mood, 2016). This study takes into consideration the mental and emotional health issues that children face, alongside developing a strategy which involves informing, educating and building interventions to deal with increasing harms of air pollution. |
