Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 383-387
Vishal Ghule and B. R. Shejwal (Department of Psychology, S. P. Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra)

The present research attempted to study the role of cognitive hardiness in health and performance of bank manager. Study comprised 200 bank managers (Male = 100) from various nationalized banks from Pune city. Significant positive correlation found between cognitive hardiness and general health among the bank managers. Task performance and contextual performance found significantly related to cognitive hardiness. Regression analysis revealed that cognitive hardiness is a strong predictor of health and task performance.

Pages: 392-395
Tamalika Das Gupta (Clinical Psychologist University of Calcutta, Kolkata)
Jayanti Basu (Department of Applied Psychology University of Calcutta, Kolkata)

The present study is an attempt to compare homophobic and non-homophobic individuals in terms of Defense styles used, Type D personality (Negative Affectivity & Social Inhibition) and Gender Role Identity. A sample consisting of 150 persons with age ranging from 20 40 years, both male & female were taken from in and around Kolkata. The sample was divided in high homophobic and low homophobic subgroups depending on the score obtained on Index of Homophobia. The statistical analysis of the data included mean, standard deviation and independent sample t test. The results indicated that there is a significant difference between high homophobic and low homophobic individuals in terms of humor, acting out, passive aggression, denial and dissociation. Moreover there was no significant difference found between high homophobic and low homophobic individuals in terms of Type D personality and Gender role.

Pages: 401-405
Priyanka Saraf (Department of Clinical Psychology, D.G. College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh)

This study examined the impact of group counseling & yoga practices on aggression of adolescents. A assessment was made for measuring the post effect after offering yoga practices & group counseling, Sample on 120 adolescents in Experimental & Control groups, 30 female & 30 male adolescents in each group have been taken as subjects from International & Public Schools of Delhi (CBSE board) aged 14 to 18 years (Late Adolescents), sample have been selected by using Quota Sampling, Aggression questionnaire was administered (pre test) on them. After offering the intervention package (Bhramari Pranayam, Yoganidra, Group Counseling & Atma Bodha & Tatva Bodha ki Sadhana), a post test was administered upon same subjects, Data was analyzed by using the 't' test, results revealed that aggression of adolescents reduced in experimental group, In control group results of pre & post test for girls were same, but not of boys, perhaps due to some environmental factor, It concludes that yogic practices & Group Counseling techniques are effective in reducing the aggression of adolescents.

Pages: 410-414
Heena Parveen (Department of Psychology, Noida International University, Noida)
Mehmudunnisa, Zareena Jabeen and Naima A. Gulrez (Department of Psychology, Aligarh University, Aligarh, U.P.)

An important concern of social sciences particularly psychology is to focus on researches which would contribute towards enhancement of quality of life and alleviating problems, which prevents individuals from achieving their highest potential? Children who are the future, architects of our society should be given special attention. The way of self evaluation along a positive and negative dimension, play an important role in the development of self-esteem among school children. In the present paper an attempt was made to find out the factors which help in self evaluation and how young students suffer from and how can we help them. This is an area which should be taken up for serious study. The objective of present study was to compare the self esteem of children studying in advantaged and disadvantaged school conditions. The sample of the study comprised of 100 adolescent students. 50 from advantaged school drawn from the Al Barkat public School, Aligarh affiliated to CBSC New Delhi and 50 from Union School of Aligarh.

Pages: 419-422
Brian Pacheco and Shanmukh V. Kamble (Department of Psychology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnatak )

The present study was designed to study the relationship between optimism and well-being . The sample for the study comprised of 500 undergraduate students from colleges in Goa. Five measures'Life Orientation Test - Revised' by Scheier and Carver (1994), 'Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)' by Watson, Clark and Tellegen (1988), 'Subjective Happiness Scale' by Lyubomirsky and Lepper (1999),'Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)' by Radloff (1977), and 'Satisfaction with Life Scale' by Diener, Emmons, Larsen, and Griffin (1985) were administered to participants. The findings of this study indicate a moderate positive relationship between optimism and subjective well-being. Optimism was positively correlated to positive affect (r=.486, P<0.01), happiness (r=.436, P<0.01), and life satisfaction (r=.472, P<0.01), and negatively correlated to negative affect (r=-.357, P<0.01) and depression (r=-.457, P<0.01).

Pages: 426-429
Ritu Kalgotra and Jaspal S. Warwal (Department of Education, University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir)

Parents having an intellectually disabled child experiences impact on their psychology and feel continuously stressed. The sample of the intellectually disabled children was taken from the special schools of Jammu district of J&K state. Total of 60 children were selected and were categorized as groups as X, Y and Z. Group X comprises of 40 parents (20 mothers and 20 fathers) of profound and severe intellectual disabled children. Group Y comprises of 40 parents (20 mothers and 20 fathers) of mild and borderline intellectual disabled children. Group Z comprises of 40 parents (20 mothers and 20 fathers) of intellectually healthy children. Parents were administered with the Family Interview for Stress and Coping in Retardation, (FISC) Section 1, and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). The results indicated that the mothers of group X experiences more stress as compared to mothers of group Y and Z. Mothers in all the groups have comparatively more level of anxiety than the fathers. There exists the positive correlation between levels of anxiety and perceived stress. (HARS and FISC scores) among mothers and fathers in the groups X, Y and Z.

Pages: 434-436
Virender Kumar (Department of Orthopaedics and Joint Replacement Surgery Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi)
Mamta Singhroha (Department of Radiodiagnosis, Regional Diagnostic Center BPS Medical College, Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat, Haryana)
Ruchi Dabasd (Department of Ophthalmology, BPS Medical College, Sonipat )
Mahesh Kumar (Sr. Resident, Department of Pediatrics, B.D. Sharma, PGIMS, Rohtak)

Giant cell tumor (GCT) was first described by cooper and Traver in 1818. More prevalent in India and China constituting around twenty present of all bone tumors with a female preponderance. GCT of bone is characteristically homogeneous pale brown, firm though friable associated with secondary haemorrhagic changes. The presence of Multinucleated Giant cell along with mononuclear spindle shaped stromal cells is pathognomic. On a radiograph, they are characterised by lytic tumor surrounding with a poorly defined zone of sclerosis often eroding the cortex. They may present as an eccentrically located expansile lesion. Recurrence of the tumor has been noticed and hence long-term follow-up is necessary.

Pages: 442-445
Pankaj Singh, Sudha Ojha and Rubeena Jabeen Ansari (NKP Salve Institute of Medical Science, Digdoh Hills, Nagpur, Maharashtra)

The present paper is an attempt to examine the Prevalence of ADHD in adolescent in age group 11-16 years referred for behavioral Problems, to identify the Gender difference in the Prevalence of ADHD, and to identify the presence of any co-morbid factors associated with ADHD. This study was conducted at central India at NKPSIMS & LMH Nagpur. During August 2014 to November 2015 (15 months), include Adolescents Boys/Girls , referred by school for behavioral problems ,were included in the study (N=148), The data were analysed with the help of compared “t” test, They were assessed with the help of validated Questionnaire CONNERS MHS (Multi Health Systems) and socio-economic status was assessed with Modified Kuppuswami scale. Based on this study it shows Significant difference in the score for Inattention male adolescents (M=42.14) and female adolescents (M=46.79), t- Score -1.381, significant at 0.05 level. Hyperactivity area, male adolescents (M=50.34) and female adolescents (M=42.49), t- Score 2.456, significant at 0.05 level and Defiance/ Aggression, Male adolescents (M=56.35) and Female adolescents (M=46.52), t- Score 5.452, Significant at 0.05 level. Based on this study it shows that, consistency is imperative to successful behavioural change and management. There is blinded evidence that they improve parenting and decrease adolescents issues (aggression, hyperactivity, family relationship and educational).

Pages: 449-451
Priyanka Vijayan (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore)

The word 'adolescence' comes from the Latin word 'adolesere' which means 'to grow'. Adolescence has been described by Stanley Hall as 'the storm and stress of human life'. The most important fact about adolescence is that it is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood. In preparing for adulthood an adolescents self concept and home environment plays an important role. The participants comprised of adolescent students belonging to the age range of 15 to 20 years selected randomly from recognized educational institutions in Thrissur district of Kerala state. The tools used in the study were Self-Concept Inventory was developed by Dr. Raj Kumar Saraswat, it provides six separate dimensions of self-concept, viz., Physical, Social, Intellectual, Moral, Educational, and Temperamental self-concept. It also gives a total self-concept score and Home Environment Scale developed by Sarla Jawa (1997). The results revealed there are significant differences among three age groups in self concept but no change in home environment and lack of gender differences in self concept but significant differences in home environment among the adolescents. The present study implicates that with improved home environment the self concept of adolescents can be increased.

Pages: 455-457
Kiran Maheshwari (Department of Psychology MJRP University, Jaipur, Rajasthan )
Desh Bandhu Sharma (Pacific University Udaipur, Rajasthan )

Alcohol is one of the most widely used drug substances in the world. For many people, drinking alcohol is nothing more than a pleasant way to relax. People with alcohol use disorders, however, drink to excess, endangering both themselves and others. In the mental health area alcoholism is caused mostly by depression, on the other hand it also leads to depression stress. The present study aims to compare depression among alcoholics & drug addicts and non- alcoholics & non drug addicts. It was assumed that depression may be the risk factors for alcoholism. A sample of 300 people was randomly selected from Rajasthan. Depression scale by bhatnager were used to collect data on depression . t-test was administered to compare two groups. The result of the study showed that alcoholic and drug addicts group was higher on depression than the non alcoholic and non drug addicts group.

Pages: 461-464
Shabnam Qayoom and Akbar Husain (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh)

All of us really want happiness and the pursuits of pleasures, wealth, or power. Why then do not we simply choose to be happy whenever we wish rather than waiting for happiness to come to us as something beyond our control? Why we do not feel happy all the time? The answer is we do not see happiness as a choice. To few people happiness can be attained through wealth and power. Happiness improves an individual's well-being. In the realm of well-being everything depends on an individual's level of happiness. Earlier the conceptualization of happiness and well-being were the province of philosophers. Now, these concepts got popularity in research in the field of positive psychology. In this chapter we explain the various interpretations that have been offered by philosophers and psychologists, and Islam in conceptualization of the happiness and well-being. This chapter would explain happiness in Islam, happiness: concept and definitions, well-being: concept and definitions, happiness and subjective well-being, andHow happiness can improve an individual's well-being? At the end it has been emphasized to study the relationship between happiness and well-being.

Pages: 471-477
Thyagarajan R. (Institute of Mental Health, Department of Psychology, Sweekaar Academy of Rehabilitation Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana)

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) remains one of the most prevalent mental health diagnoses identified in school-age children. Affected children show an increased risk for school failure, social difficulties, and the development of psychiatric co-morbidities. Despite the availability of evidence-based behavioral protocols for managing ADHD-related impairments, psychologists often encounter difficulties involving parents in the sustained implementation of these interventions. Cognitive-behavioral treatment aims to teach children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) strategies to help them increase their self-control and problem-solving abilities, through modeling, role playing and self-instruction. Cognitive-behavioral treatment has shown mixed effectiveness regarding ADHD behaviors Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) can address treatment obstacles through emphasizing psycho-education, the development of a collaborative treatment context. This article presents a case study of Jay, a 9-year-old child with ADHD. He was supplemented with child-focused CBT strategies by the psychologist and parental behavioral management training by the parent. This case study outlines a central role of CBT intervention in collaboration with the Parent in managing ADHD children.

Pages: 483-487
Sandeep Singh, Soamya and Ramnath (Department of Applied Psychology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana)

The children with ADHD generally carry some symptoms with them as early as preschool age and continuing throughout adolescence and even into adulthood. American Psychiatric Association, DSM V, (2013) described ADHD as "Persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development” and listed it as neurodevelopment disorders rather than under diagnoses usually first made in infancy, childhood, or adolescence. It has been revealed from studies that the children & adolescents diagnosed with ADHD have special academic, social and emotional needs and all this makes the life of ADHD more challengeable. Aggression is a form of behaviour in which one expresses his feelings or emotions in negative ways which harm, hurt or injure self or others. Aggressive behaviour reflects the negative connation in behaviour and is considered as unhealthy or unhelpful behaviour pattern particularly in case of ADHD. Hampel, Manhal, Roos, & Desman, 2008 reported that the youth with ADHD have impaired ability to interpret and manage their emotions and behaviours thus found to manage stressful situations with avoidance and aggression. In the present study the adolescents with ADHD symptoms were diagnosed with Conner's 3 ADHD Rating Scale (2008) and thirty three participants were selected with age ranging between 13 to 16 years. Conduct problems can be understood as the behaviour patterns which are inconsistent with the expected behaviour of that particular developmental period. The conduct problems scores were calculated by SDQ Robert Goodman (1997). The mindfulness therapy was implemented for six months five days a week. It has been observed in the findings that the mindfulness therapy has effectiveness in reducing the aggressive behaviour and conduct problem of adolescents with ADHD.