Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 282-288
Hitesh Kumar B. Roz (Institute of Research and Development Raksha Shakti University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat)
Shreya Mondal (Clinical Psychologist Kolkata)
Priyanka Podder (Clinical Psychologist University of Calcutta, Kolkata)
Dimpal T. Raval (Department of Law, Raksha Shakti University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat)

With the current upsurge in stressful factors in everyday life, cardiac problems have increased at a rapid rate which in turn increases the burden of medical practitioners serving in this specific field. Research has focused little on the Occupational Stress and Burnout of Cardiologists. The aim of the current study is to explore the differences existing among Cardiologists belonging to eastern and western regions of India with respect to Occupational Stress and Burnout. The study further seeks to find out any differences existing among male and female Cardiologists belonging to eastern and western regions of India with respect to Occupational Stress and Burnout. It also seeks to probe into any differences existing among Cardiologist belonging to eastern and western regions of India with respect to the aforesaid variables on the basis of presence or absence of psychiatric morbidity in them. Using General Health Questionnaire a total sample of 180 Cardiologists was screened on Psychiatric Morbidity after they met the selection criteria. The sample was divided into two groups based on eastern and western region of India. These groups were further divided on the basis of their gender and Psychiatric morbidity sample were selected on the basis there consent and inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were assessed using the Occupational Stress Index and the Burnout Inventory. Results revealed that there are significant differences among cardiologists belonging to eastern and western regions of India with respect to role overload, role conflict, role ambiguity, and responsibility to persons, low status, unreasonable group and political pressure, unprofitability, strenuous working condition that contributes to high occupational stress in them. It further reveals that there are also significant difference existing among cardiologists belonging to eastern and western region of India with respect to distancing, neglecting, non-accomplishment, friction, emotional exhaustion and depersonalization that contributes to significant burnout. Significant differences were found to be present in these two groups with the respect to the aforementioned variables when compared on the basis of their gender and psychiatric morbidity. The study shows that cultural differences exist among Cardiologists with respect to stress and burnout in the workplace.

Pages: 296-301
Rayees Mohammad Bhat and B. Rangaiah (Department of Applied Psychology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry)

Regular exposure to conflicts does have negative repercussions but people do adapt and report posttraumatic growth to mitigate their impact. Post traumatic growth is a challenging area and requires attention especially in conflict prone areas. This cross-sectional study comprised of 797 Kashmiri young adults between 18 years to 24 years of age who have been exposed to stressful life experiences regarding prolonged armed-conflict in Kashmir. The study explored the association of PTG with PTSD and trauma exposure, and whether the relationship of PTG with Trauma Exposure and PTSD symptoms were linear or curvilinear. Exposure to Kashmir Conflict Checklist, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) and PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) were used to assess trauma exposure, posttraumatic growth and PTSD symptomology respectively. The results found a curvilinear relationship between trauma exposure and PTG (β = -.39), whereas linear relationship was found between PTSD and PTG (β= -.17) with high PTSD scores associated with higher PTG scores. Older age was also associated with PTG (β= .10). The study found that both growth and negative symptoms can co-occur simultaneously. So, it becomes necessary to address both positive and negative symptoms when assessing and treating the traumatized population exposed to conflict like situation.

Pages: 308-310
Niharika Arora and Anuradha Sharma (Amity Institute of Psychology and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh)

Diabetes and Arthritis are rapidly rising globally and the relation of psychosocial stress and happiness to diabetes and arthritis is not well investigated. Assessing from a denser perspective, women with arthritis and diabetes encounter numerous challenges in their life such as lack of sleep, pain, getting easily tiredand stress. Therefore women with arthritis and diabetes are prone to depression, anxiety and other mental problems. The present study aims to assess the perceived stress and happiness of women suffering from Arthritis and Diabetes.A sample of 80 women was taken up for the survey consisting of 40 women suffering from arthritis and 40 women suffering from diabetes. They were given Oxford Happiness Questionnaire and Perceived Stress Scale to assess their level of happiness and perceived stress respectively.The results indicated that there is a significantrelationship between stress and happiness among women suffering from diabetes and women suffering from arthritis. A significant negative correlation was found between happiness and perceived stress among women with diabetes and arthritis. Thusstress perceived in women with Arthritis was found more than women with Diabetes and level of Happiness was found low in women with Arthritis than Women with Diabetes.

Pages: 315-318
Ann Joma Job and Sherin P. Antony (Department of Psychology, Jain University, Bengaluru)

The study aimed at addressing the faulty thinking patterns among bullies and victims. For the purpose of the study 16 high school students between the age range of 13-16 years were selected using purposive sampling. The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) was administered on bullies and victims to find out any episodes of emotional distress and a semi-structured interview was chosen to explore the personal experiences of bullies and victims. Results revealed that seven of the participants had emotional distress. The cognitive distortions of minimization, labeling, all/none thinking, discounting the positives and incongruence of experience and expression might have led to the emotional distress in them.

Pages: 323-326
Jagpreet Kaur and Khushgeet Kaur Sandhu (Department of Education & Community Service, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab)

The study focused on exploring psychological capital among university students and its relation to stress. The data were collected from 200 students of Punjabi University, Patiala through Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) and Personal Stress Source Inventory (PSSI). The result of the study revealed significant gender differences in psychological capital among university students. Female university students were found to possess significantly higher level of psychological capital than their male counterparts. The results also revealed significant stream-wise differences in psychological capital among university students. University students pursuing arts stream were found to possess significantly higher level of psychological capital than their science and professional counterparts, respectively and university students pursuing professional stream were found to possess significantly higher level of psychological capital than there science counterparts. The results of correlation analysis revealed negative relationship between psychological capital and stress among university students, though not significantly so. These results of the study have implications for counsellors, teachers and parents.

Pages: 330-333
Gaukaran Janghel (Aakanscha College of Special EducationRaipur, Chhattisgarh)
Meeta Mukherjee (Department of Special Education (MR), Aakanksha College of Special Education, Raipur, hhattisgarh)

The present study was examined that the basic causes of the deprivation and its effects. The 46 children's were selected in the different slum areas of the Raipur city, in the capital of Chhattisgarh. The survey type research design was use in the present study and the regression analysis was computed in the data treatment. Finding of the result of the study were indicated that the basic causes of the deprivation, the factors was associated in the deprivation was positively such as factors namely- parents occupation (sig. level 0.000), family environment (0.000), available facilities of home (0.022), motivation (0.000), personal factor of child (0.037), family and other factor such as caring the elder brother and sister (0.028), family and other factor sharing in the working with parents (0.011), and other child disturbance (0.020). Finding of the study evidence that some family, environmental and economical factors were highlighted in the deprivation of child.

Pages: 337-341
Gagandeep Kaur (Clinical Psychologist, Government Medical College & Hospital, Sector- 32B, Chandigarh)
Vikas (Consultant Clinical Psychologist, Mental Health Care Centre, Sector-14, Faridabad)

Drug addiction is not an accidental process. Individual factors plays a pivotal role in dependence i.e., who will and who will not become addicted. It is found that even in highly prevalent areas there are individuals who are exposed to drug use, and with the help of will, strength of character or force of personality reject all contact with narcotic drugs. Personality factors, ones individual mechanism and family factors i.e. adjustment are determinants in the use of substance. Thus a need was felt to enhance the body of knowledge regarding personality characteristics, adjustment and coping processes in person with substance addicts. And our study is a first attempt with the aim to study the personality characteristics, adjustment and coping processes in person with substance addicts. Method: In the present study, a sample 100 male subjects (50 drug addicts and 50 non-addicts) were selected. Drug addict group matched with non addict on age, socio-economic status and educational level. The analysis included Independent sample t-test on Neuroticism scale questionnaire, Global adjustment scale and Ways of coping questionnaire scores between drug addicts and non addicts. Results: Results indicated that the mean scores of drug addicts were significantly high on submissiveness (p < 0.01), anxiety (p < 0.01) and overall neuroticism (p < 0.01). When different domains of adjustment compared our results revealed that drug addicts had significantly higher score on all the indices of adjustment such as emotional (p < 0.01), social (p < 0.01), health (p < 0.01) and family (p < 0.01). Finally when different domains of coping processes compared it was found that drug addicts scored significantly higher on distancing (p < 0.01), self controlling (p < 0.01), escape avoidance (p < 0.01), planful problem solving (p < 0.01) and positive reappraisal (p < 0.01). Conclusion: In conclusion our findings fit into the life process model of drug addiction, where addiction is not a disease but rather a habitual responses and source of gratification that can be understood in the context of social relationship or experiences. Such habitual responses can be altered through proper therapeutic deaddiction procedure and counselling for better adjustment in life.

Pages: 346-348
Anjana Bhattacharjee and Nabanita Banik (Department of Psychology, Tripura University, Tripura )

The objective of the present study was to determine the self-concept among pregnant and non pregnant women of Tripura, a North Eastern State of India. The study was also intended to ascertain self-concept of pregnant women of first trimester and third trimester. It was carried out among 120 pregnant women. A matched group of non pregnant women (N=120) was also selected to fulfil the objective of the study (Total N=240). All the respondents were selected following purposive sampling techniques from three districts (West, Gomati and South Tripura District) out of eight districts of Tripura. Data was collected by using Basic Information Schedule and Self Concept Scale. The analysis of data revealed significant difference between pregnant and non pregnant women with respect to their self concept. Further results found significant difference in the self-concept among pregnant women of first trimester and third trimester of pregnancy.

Pages: 353-356
Kiran Maheshwari (Department of Psychology MJRP University, Jaipur)
Desh Bandhu Sharma (Pacific University, Udaipur )

The present study is a comparative study of personality type of alcoholics and drug addicts and personality type of non-alcoholics and non drug addicts. In order to test the hypotheses, samples on addicts and no-addicts are collected from various rehabilitation centres & hospitals with psychiatric setup along with de -addiction centers in Rajasthan. Samples were restricted to only male. For the analysis purpose, mean, t-test has been used. For measuring personality type, Eysenck personality questionnaire has been used. Psychoticism and Neuroticism found to be significantly higher in alcoholics and drug addicts as compared to non alcoholics and non drug addicts. Further, extraversion found to be significantly lower in alcoholics and drug addicts as compared to non alcoholics and non drug addicts.

Pages: 359-362
Manpreet Ola and Roopa Mathur (Department of Psychology, The IIS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan )

Many research studies have shown that marriage is the central relationship for most adults and has wide range of beneficial effects for mental and physical health. We draw the judgment, after looking across many journals and disciplines, that there is persuasive longitudinal evidence for such effects specifically for men, but for women instead of marriage, it's the quality of marriage that has beneficial effects for physical and psychological health. Satisfying marriages seem to enhance both men's and women's health, but stressful marriages may have detrimental effects. Instead stressful marriages also may be less healthy for some people than being single; hence this paper examines an accumulating modern literature on the health benefits of marital relationships and also effects of marital quality on women's health.

Pages: 367-368
Deepti Dhurandher and Bansh Gopal Singh (SOS in Psychology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhatisgarh)

The study examined the effect of social support on mental health of adolescents with sickle cell anemia. The sample of the study consisted of 200 sickle cell anemic adolescents of Chhattisgarh state, coming from age group 12 to 18 yrs. Subjects of the study were selected from those enrolled in clinics in sickle cell anemic centers, schools and other counseling centers. Data was collected with the help of self made questionnaire of general well-being scale and social support scale. The result showed that regression analysis is significant, as the R Square Change obtained R2= .868, F (1,198) = 41.280, P<0.01, which indicates the strength of model. It is observed that emotional support contributes 17.3% variance and informational support contributes 3.2% variance in mental health of sickle cell anemic adolescents.

Pages: 373-377
Anand Prakash Dubey and A P Singh (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, B.H.U., Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

The purpose of this paper is to explore the psychometric properties of the newly developed questionnaire related to mental health of adults. Mental health is a global concept which includes the wellness of the individuals at psychological, emotional and social level. This questionnaire consists of twenty items related to life satisfaction, psychological well-being, psychological distress, and positive orientation towards self. The sample comprises of 350 students of Banaras Hindu University engaged in higher studies. The results of reliability analysis indicate that Cronbach's α = .826 after deleting the one item from the scale. The reliability is statistically acceptable for newly developed scale. Results of the exploratory factor analysis indicate that these nineteen items are loaded on four factors (life satisfaction, psychological well-being, psychological distress, and positive orientation) and these four factors explain65.08% of total variance in mental health construct. The items of this questionnaire are framed in such manner that this questionnaire can be also useful in assessing the mental health of all normal adult population.