Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Page: 05-11 Joji Joseph1 and Rodel P. Canlas2 (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Philippines1,2 and Department of Psychology, College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Philippines2) Battered women are frequently subjected to constant fear and threats, resulting in battered woman syndrome and post-traumatic stress disorder. The study aimed to identify differentiating factors between battered women syndrome and post-traumatic stress disorder among battered wives. The source of the research was based on five databases: EBSCO, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Academic keys, Scopus, and also a "hand search" procedure of related magazines and newspapers. The articles used for this study were published between 2011 and 2021 and focused on battered women. The phrase "battered woman syndrome" is frequently used to describe the experiences that arise from being abused. The legal system uses the term "battered woman syndrome" to explain a woman's mental condition and motivations for attacking or killing her abuser, which is not included in the standard classification of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). Battered woman syndrome carries some minor symptoms of PTSD and develops in women who are the victims of battering. Although it includes some symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, battered woman syndrome varies from post-traumatic stress disorder in several ways. Little research has focused on battered women syndrome and posttraumatic stress disorder among battered women. Findings from this review literature study indicate that both are different factors among female victims of domestic violence and they are in need of mental health services and supports.

Page: 20-23 Tenzing Palmo1 and Dinesh Naik2 (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra1 and NVPM's Arts, Commerce and Science College, Shahada, Maharashtra2) In our day to day social interactions, most of us have probably lied to someone at some point in time. We lie for a wide variety of reasons; some being the so-called 'white lies” that may seem trivial, others where the consequences of detection might be grave, as in cases involving the law. While some of us might succeed in deceiving others, some fail since many variables tend to contribute to this success or failure. In this light, the present pilot study investigated the difference in one's confidence in their ability to lie before and after telling a lie. They were also compared on self-reported anxiety, guilt, and mental demand. The sample included participants aged 20-30 years, middle class, from the urban population of Pune, Maharashtra (India). Data was gathered for two tasks namely, emotion and opinion. The participants were presented with the tasks and were given the choice of either lying or telling the truth about their feelings (emotion) and their opinions (opinion) in front of the interviewer which was simultaneously video recorded. t-test analysis indicated a significant difference in confidence levels for the opinion task, along with anxiety, guilt, and mental demand. The results have been discussed in the light of its implication. The limitations of the study and suggestions for further research have also been noted.

Page: 29-32 Rajesh Mehra (Pt. Chiranji Lal Sharma, Govt. College, Karnal, Haryana) The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between burnout syndrome, occupational stress and altruism among nursing profession. The required sample of nurses with age range from 25 to 50 years was selected from the Government Hospitals of Haryana. Following psychological variables, i.e., burnout syndrome, occupational stress and altruism studied by using Maslach Burnout Inventory (Maslach & Jackson, 1986); Occupational Stress Index (Srivastava & Singh, 1981); and Self-report Altruism Scale (Rushton, 1981). Pearson's Product Moment Method was used to find the correlation coefficient between burnout syndrome, occupational stress and altruism. Results indicate that occupational stress is significantly positively correlated with burnout syndrome whereas altruism is significantly negatively correlated with burnout syndrome. Another statistical technique, t-test was applied to see the significant mean difference between measures of burnout syndrome, occupational stress and altruism among staff nurses and ward sisters and found that they significantly differ on the scores of burnout syndrome, occupational stress and altruism.

Page: 39-43 Sayantani Chatterjee (Department of Psychology, Loreto College, Kolkata, West Bengal) Adolescence is a period of storm and stress which is marked by many behavioural anomalies, of which thinking and contemplating about suicide is a major source of concern. Many personality variables and inner vulnerabilities may prompt an individual towards the end of extreme negativity. The present study aimed to determine personality profile differences between morbid and morbidity-free groups amongst early and late adolescents. The scores on the General Health Questionnaire 28 were used to segregate the students into “Morbid” and “Morbidity-free" Groups by the method of Median Split. Results revealed that suicidal ideation, happiness and locus of control differed significantly between morbid and morbidity-free groups for the early adolescents. Morbid group had high scores on suicidal ideation, aggressive humor, self-defeating humor and locus of control. On the other hand, Morbidity-free group scored high on another set of variables like reasons for living, affiliative humor, self-enhancing humor and happiness. For the late adolescent group divided into morbid and morbidity-free groups, the psychosocial variables revealed a similar pattern of mean magnitude values. The two groups revealed significant difference on suicidal ideation, affiliative humor, aggressive humor, self-defeating humor, happiness and locus of control. The results indicate the importance of screening individuals for underlying vulnerability in order to predict other behavioural anomalies.

Page: 48-52 Preeti Rani1, Shruti Mehta2, Jatesh Kathapalia3, and Rashmi Tyagi4 (Department of Sociology, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana1,3,4 and GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana2) Utilization of social media is an integral part of college students. Without social media college, students cannot think about their future and growth. This attempt was made to find out the effect of social media on the psychological and physical health status of Indian college students. Data was collected using google forms and the result revealed that there is a negative impact of social media on health status i.e mental and physical. It was also found that social media create a distraction from academics. The roots of these problems are deeply associated with the exponential growth of the internet and social media.

Page: 60-63 Atish Taukari, Nidhi Kini, Archana Kalarikkal, and Nanditha Venkatakrishnan (K.J. Somaiya College of Arts & Commerce, Mumbai, Maharashtra) The way information is presented (framed) influences decision making significantly has been illustrated in various studies (Tversky & Kahneman, 1981; Levin, Schneider, & Gaeth, 1998; Bigman, Cappella, & Hornik, 2010). This study is about different types of framing effects in the context of medical situations. The various framing effects studied were Risky choice, Attribute and Goal. Fifty undergraduate students were presented with all the above framing situations individually. Their ratings and choices were recorded. The analysis of data showed that two frames viz Risky choice and Attribute were found to be significant with size effect Cohen's d 0.72 and 0.61 respectively. Similar findings were found by Peng et al. (2013). Tversky and Kahneman (1981) explained the Risky choice framing effect in terms of the certainty effect. Certainty effect is the tendency to seek risk when the outcome is less acceptable. Levin and Gaeth (1988) suggested that the framing effect in the Attribute type occurs because favorable characterizations produce favourable associations leading to changes in decisions. These framing effects thus have major implications for decision-making in medical situations including critical illnesses/ diseases.

Page: 69-73 Shefali Madali1 and Arvind Kakulte2 (Department of Psychology, Sir Parashurambhau College, Pune, Maharashtra1 and Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra2) Depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnoses frequently co-occur. It has been seen that increases in stress and anxiety among individuals for more than two years into the coronavirus pandemic, with some exhibiting indications of post-traumatic stress, or what is now being called post-COVID stress disorder (Holland, 2019). A generalized feeling of anxiety and anguish has been sparked by COVID-19, especially among sensitive populations. A history of trauma and abuse increases the chance of developing depression, and those same traumatic events may contribute to the development of PTSD. The aim of the current study is to assess whether there is a positive correlation between the post-traumatic symptoms of COVID-19 and vulnerability to experience depression and severe anxiety in individuals. The sample analyzed for this study consisted of 110 individuals inclusive of both males and females within the age range of 20-35. The data were collected using a self-administered scales, i.e., HADS for measuring vulnerability to depression and major anxiety and DTS for measuring PTSD caused due to excess COVID-19 exposure. The data was coded, tabulated and descriptive statistics were conducted. The hypothesis 1 (H1) which states that PTSD caused due to excess COVID-19 exposure has a high positive correlation with vulnerability to depression is accepted as the correlation coefficient obtained for these two variables was 0.72 and the hypothesis 2 (H2) which states that PTSD caused due to excess COVID-19 exposure has a high positive correlation with vulnerability to major anxiety is also proved as the correlational coefficient obtained for these two variables is 0.89. both of these coefficients show a high positive correlation. The results show p<.001 for both the hypothesis which shows that the results are highly significant in the population.

Page: 77-81 Rupal Hooda1, Gourav2, and Alisha Wadhwa3 (Department of Family Resource Management, COHS, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana1 and BFUHS, Faridkot, Punjab2, and SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana3) Shift work disturbs the existing relationships between the body's inner clock and the surroundings. The basic difficulty with shift work is that you sometimes have to work when it's usual to be sleeping which can disturb your natural sleep time. A study was conducted on 30 female nurse respondents of age 20-60 years, in Hisar city to find out problems related to shift work faced by female nurses and see the impact of shift jobs in perspective of sleep, fatigue, domestic situation and job satisfaction on female nurses. 70% of the nurses were doing this profession as full time for more than 6 hours a day while the remaining 30% were engaged as part time only up to a maximum of 6 hours only. 33.3% of the spouse had a neutral attitude toward the night shift of the nurses. 30% of the spouses were reported to be extremely unsupportive for the night shift. Day shift was more desirable for both, nurse staff as well as spouses. 50% of the respondents preferred a single mass of night duty per year while on the other hand; no respondent was interested in permanent night shift. The majority of the respondents (86.6%) reported problems related to the quantity of sleep they normally get. There was an overall negative effect of the night shift on the various health-related issues of the respondents. It was concluded from the current study that shifts job has a major adverse impact on sleep and fatigue related issues in the nurse respondents. Night shift is not preferred by nurses and their spouses as well. Salary satisfaction was also not up to the mark according to most of the nurses.

Page: 87-91 Atharva Mukund Dendge and Ramdas Kolekar (Sir Parashurambhau College (Autonomous) Pune, Maharashtra) The objective of this study was to check whether there is a correlation between occupational stress, mental health, and self-esteem among teachers of public sector schools. The Occupational Stress Index developed by Srivastava and Singh, the Mental Health Inventory given by Jagdish and Srivastava, and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale are used to calculate occupational stress, mental health, and self-esteem respectively. A total number of 77 participants including 50 male and 27 female teachers from different schools operated by Pune Municipal Corporation and Pune Zilla Parishad were included in this study. Later on, the descriptive statistics of the data were obtained and Pearson product-moment correlation was performed using SPSS software. The results of the tests showed that both male and female teachers experience moderate levels of occupational stress. Furthermore, Pearson correlation tests showed that there is a significant negative correlation between occupational stress and self-esteem among teachers. Similarly, a negative correlation was seen between age and occupational stress. To conclude, although a moderate level of stress is experienced, dealing with stress effectively becomes an important task in front of teachers. Hence, stress management workshops, efficient distribution of responsibilities, etc. measures are important to be taken to reduce occupational stress among teachers.

Page: 97-100 Renu Rathee (Department of Psychology, Dayanand College, Hisar, Haryana) In the present societal scenario adolescents are facing different kinds of anxiety. Anxiety is very closely related to fear. It is an unrealistic fear and an unfocused feeling of uneasiness. Due to overreaction in any situation and unrealistic fear anxiety can occur. Environment also plays an important role in the academic life of an individual as a man in the product of both nature and nurture. Academic achievement, often known as academic performance refers to how far a student, instructor, or institution has progressed toward their short or long-term educational objectives. Anxiety can negatively affect the Academic performance of adolescents. By keeping all these views in mind, the present research was conducted on the students of different schools like government, Navodaya and Kendriya schools of Haryana state. The results show a significant difference between male and female students in anxiety and academic performance.

Page: 105-107 Deepika, Jatesh Kathpalia, Rashmi Tyagi, and Vinod Kumari (Department of Sociology, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana) The pandemic has affected every aspect of human life, including the agricultural sector. Farmers are the essential components of the food supply chain and play a crucial role in ensuring food security for millions of people worldwide. However the pandemic has severely impacted the health and well-being of the farmers, exacerbating existing challenges they already face. The pandemic has a significant impact on the health of farming families in rural areas of Haryana. The study highlights the impact of COVID-19 on physical and mental health of the farming households. Furthermore, it examine the changes in health seeking behaviour, access to healthcare facilities and the availability of essential medicines and vaccines. The situation overall point towards greater investment in rural healthcare infrastructure to ensure that rural households have access to quality healthcare services. By prioritizing the health and well- being of rural families, we can build a more resilient healthcare system that can withstand future challenges such as pandemics.

Page: 112-115 Harbans Lal (SNDT Women's University, Director-Forum of Safety Culture, Mumbai, Maharashtra) Globally, the fires and fatal incidents happen in homes daily as they do occur at workplaces. Home injuries cause hundred thousand of deaths and billions of lifetimes costs each year across the world. Safety is shared and cared by everyone. Only sometimes, people speak up or care for safety of people around. Family is the core of any society, so the journey of behavioural safety begins from homes. In fact, everyone faced some sort of mental or physical injuries from someone close in some way the other in his/her lifetime from childhood till old age. Observations and spot-actions are to be done with members in close relationships at families. This paper reviews literature and experience of field professionals on safety for vulnerable children, women and seniors, and discusses implications with action plan. People who walked well, earned for their families, now when they are not able to walk well, need care by those who are blessed with their efforts to have grown up. The public health /safety policy and education are emphasized for sustainable prevention strategies to lessen domestic/home injuries amongst the children, women and the elderly.