Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Page: 432-438
Soumi Dey and Deepshikha Ray (Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal)

The current research tries to explore the association between “sibling compatibility,” “recalled parental bonding in adulthood” and “adult attachment styles” in 60 male and 60 female individuals with a mean age of 37.45 years (SD =5.07) categorised into two groups in terms of the sex of their siblings, i.e., same sex opposite sex siblings. The constructs were measured using “Lifespan Relationship Scale “(Riggio, 2000). “The Parental Bonding Instrument” (Parker, Tupling, & Brown, 1979) and “Revised Adult Attachment Scale Close Relationship Version” (Collins, 1996) respectively. The findings of the present study highlight that compatibility in sibling relationships enhances the quality of recalled bonding with parents and attachment with close acquaintances and such a facilitatory process occurs independent of the sex of the participants. Also, female participants were found to report better sibling compatibility and there was an increased prevalence of “fearful style of attachment” among participants with opposite sex siblings.

Page: 446-448
Shipra Sharma and Vandana Sharma (Department of Psychology, S.D. (P.G.) College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh)

The present research aimed to study the relationship between Family environment and Anger among adolescents. A sample of 300 adolescents, studying in class X to XII , C.B.S.E. board schools from Ghaziabad was taken. Family Environment Scale (Bhatia & Chadha, 2015) and CMI Health Questionnaire (Wig, Pershad, & Verma, 2002) were used to measure Family Environment and Anger respectively. Correlation and Multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Results suggest an inverse relationship between family environment and Anger in terms of, cohesion, expressiveness, acceptance and caring, independence, active-recreational orientation, organization and control, leaving out Conflict which was positively correlated to Anger. Further, Expressiveness, Conflict, Organization, Independence, and Cohesion come up as predictors of Anger among adolescents.

Page: 455-458
Azaz Khan and Dinesh Nagar (Department of Psychology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal)

Healthcare providers have a huge responsibility for ensuring health and well-being of the masses. However, amidst COVID 19 their health and well-being was also adversely affected. This study was conducted after the COVID-19 second wave in India to examine the difference in the mental health of doctors, nurses and community health workers (CHWs). This study was conducted on a sample of 300 healthcare providers after the COVID-19 second wave. Doctors, nurses and CHWs who were working in Primary health centres (PHCs), community health centres (CHCs) and district hospitals (DHs) voluntarily participated in the study. Mental Health Inventory (MHI-38) comprises of six subscales (anxiety, depression, loss of control, emotional ties, general positive affect, & life satisfaction), and two global scales psychological distress and psychological well-being and overall mental health index was used to measure healthcare providers' mental health. ANOVA results revealed a statistically significant difference in mean scores of doctors, nurses and CHWs on anxiety, depression and psychological distress. Furthermore, the mean score of anxiety, depression and psychological distress revealed that doctors and nurses were experiencing higher symptoms of these mental health problems in comparison to CHWs. The observed difference in the mental health of doctors, nurses and CHWs might be due to their engagement, role and responsibilities. To achieve optimal patient-level outcomes, healthcare organization needs to keep their workforce physically and mentally healthy, which requires evaluation of healthcare providers' mental health and determining other work environmental-related factors that can be associated with healthcare providers' mental health.

Page: 465-472
Daryanani Riddhi Navin, Priyansha Gupta, Sai Chandana Mukkamala, and Akriti Srivastava (Department of Psychology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka)

During a disease outbreak, it is well known that marginalized groups, such as women, are affected the most. This is no different for the COVID-19 pandemic. In India especially, women engage more in household and childcare responsibilities than men and working women are currently experiencing a greater burden as they are required to work from home and manage these different roles at once, leading to multiple role conflict (MRC). The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the experience of multiple role conflicts among women working from home in joint and nuclear families during the COVID-19 pandemic in urban India. Semi-structured interviews were conducted on six women working from home in joint families and four from nuclear families. Thematic analysis was used and the themes were compared between both family structures. Participants from both family structures were found to share similar psychological consequences as a result of the role conflict. But, women from nuclear families reported a lack of moral support contrary to joint families. This study sheds light on the need for the provision of education, facilities and supports particularly by family development planners, therapists and organizations to aid women working from home in the pandemic.

Page: 478-481
Prachi Bisht and Shiksha Sharma (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, PAU, Ludhiana, Punjab)

The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic is responsible for widespread fear and psychological distress all over the world, including India. The present study was sought to identify the impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on the mental health of farm women. The sample for the present study was selected from the five operational villages of AICRP in Doraha block of Ludhiana District of Punjab. The results of the study suggested that farm women had average emotional stability, overall adjustment and approach to tackle the stressful situation in a logical manner whereas majority of women shows high self-acceptance. Farm women had better hold on different dimension of coping strategies, viz., Positive appraisal, seek guidance and support in problem solving and seek alternative reward but also shows higher level of emotional discharge.

Page: 487-490
Rani, R. and Singh, B. (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana)

The sense of self-concept is made up of self-evaluation or self-perception and focuses on an individual 's thoughts about his or her own characteristics. Self-concept describes the state in which an individual evaluates or thinks about himself or herself in the important aspects of life. A person with positive self-concept has a feeling of worthiness while on the other hand, an individual with negative self-concept considers him/her as valueless. The present study was planned to study the effect of maternal employment on self-concept of Adolescents. For the fulfillment of the purpose of the study 100 adolescents (50 adolescents of working mothers & 50 adolescents of non-working mothers) age range of 16-18 years were selected. “Self-concept questionnaire (SCQ)” by Saraswat applied to determine self-concept. The questionnaire covers six dimensions of self-concept. Results of the study revealed that on all dimensions as well as on the total score of self-concept the mean scores of non-working mothers' adolescents were higher than the mean score of adolescents of working mothers. However, the difference between the two groups on some dimensions, i.e., social, temperamental and moral was found to be statistically not significant. Even though the present study suggests that mothers are required to be made aware about of the needs of their wards. A positive approach to motherhood can be helpful in positive development of self-concept of their adolescents. Working mothers irrespective of their professional engagements should give full time to their wards.

Page: 495-497
Sejabaledi A. Rankoana (Department of Sociology, Anthropology University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa)

The goal of secondary prevention is to halt the transmission of infectious diseases. This review describes the indigenous preventive health care practice applied to reduce the spread of infectious diseases. Secondary data from medical anthropological studies conducted among the Bapedi group in South Africa's Limpopo Province were reviewed to identify indigenous preventive practices used to limit infectious disease transmission. The review results present one exceptional indigenous preventive method used as a secondary preventive method. Isolation is a commonly used preventive method used to slow the spread of infectious diseases at the household level for the benefit of the community. This preventive strategy is comparable to the standard quarantine strategy used when someone exhibits COVID-19 symptoms like the flu, a fever, or a cough. The study suggests that preventive health care projects and programs should take into account the preventive health care practices of local communities in order to empower those communities to employ their own cultural practices to reduce illness vulnerability.

Page: 501-510
Shakila Mahesh, Juhi Singhla, Jigyasa Gupta, Manya Jain, Nitik Baisoya, and Ramya Shanta (Manav Rachna Dental College, FDS, MRIIRS, Faridabad, Haryana)

The SARS-CoV-2 virus has infected innumerable individuals and continues to result in numerous unintended fatalities throughout the world. The Coronaviridae family includes the beta coronavirus that causes SARS-CoV-2. Over the past few months, novel spike protein mutations have become more prevalent in clinically important variants. These alterations cause the host immune system to stop recognising them. The current version of concern, according to WHO, contains the following: Alpha (B.1.1.7 9), Beta (B.1.351), Delta (B.1.617), Gamma (P.1), and Omicron (BA.1). These variants have several mutations in common with an increasing SARS-CoV-2 Variants that have just been discovered. Immune system invasion and vaccination evasion are caused by spike protein mutations. Increased transmissibility, mortality, morbidity, and possibly delayed diagnosis and treatment are the results of these impacts. The present review article discusses the numerous variants of SARS-CoV-2 with a prime focus on the Variants of Concern as per WHO. The article provides insights into the structural mutations, disease severity, and vaccine efficacy of the variants. The ongoing monitoring and control of these variants are crucial for preventing and controlling the spread of the virion.

Page: 515-520
Pinki Rani, Poonam Yadav, and Jyoti Sihag (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

Self-esteem may be particularly dynamic during the adolescent years. The time period is characterized by abrupt developmental changes in a number of developmental domains, which have an impact on changes in overall self-esteem and related domains. Adolescence in girls is a turbulent period, which includes stressful events like menarche, considered as a landmark of female puberty. For girls' and women's health, education, and dignity, good menstrual hygiene is essential. The purpose of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the difficulties girls have because of menstruation, namely how socio-cultural norms affect their self-esteem. The study was conducted on 240 adolescent girls in the age group of 10-14 years and 15-19 years belonging to rural and urban areas of Hisar district. Self- developed schedules were used to delineate personal, socio-personal variables, MHM status in terms of knowledge, attitude and practices, socio-cultural norms concerning menstruation. Self-esteem of adolescent girls was dependent variable for the present study which was assessed by using State Self-esteem Scale (SSES) developed by Heatherton and Polivy (1991). Frequency, percentages, mean, standard deviation, Z-test, ANOVA, correlation and chi-square tests were used to analyze the data as per objectives. The study found that more than one- fourth of girls had poor level of knowledge and 21.25 percent girls followed poor practices regarding MHM and more than half (57.5%) of the girls need improvement in their attitude regarding MHM. Findings revealed that there was significant gap in MHM status of rural and urban girls. Girls attaining early menarche and having irregular periods had lower level of self-esteem. Age, class, menstrual cycle pattern, area of residence, mother education and father occupation were associated factors of low self-esteem in this study. Present study results confirmed significant impact of MHM status on self-esteem of adolescents.

Pages: 525-528
Alka Srivastava1 and Abha Singh2 (Department of Psychology, Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj, University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh1 and Department of Psychology, P. P. N., College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh2)

Women are an integral part of National development. Over the past decades, women have shown integrity and ability in all fields. Their contributions are recognizable and commendable but Indian women still face many difficulties in life. These difficulties sometimes trigger many psychosocial problems, such as anxiety, tension, frustration, emotional upsets, mental disturbance, and depression. Postpartum depression occurs after childbirth or after birth. This type of depression is also clinically evident. This study attempted to define postpartum depression and its signs, causes and contributing risk elements. Depression after pregnancy or birth is called postpartum depression. This is a type of clinical depression. This study attempted to define postpartum depression, symptom causes, factors, and risk factors. This study aimed to identify postpartum depression in mothers after the birth of children across the family environment. The sample of the present study consists of 200 mothers (100 mothers after delivery of 1st child & 100 mothers after delivery of 2nd child within one month of delivery). The age range of the participants was 30-35 years. Samples were collected from nearby areas of Varanasi. The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS, Edinburgh, 1984) and Family Environment Scale (Joshi & Vyas, 1997) were used as tools. The results reveal that there is a significant difference between mothers across the delivery of the first and second child and the level of postpartum depression in the overall Family Environment.

Pages: 533-537
Poonam Phogat1, Akanksha Yadav2, and Mandeep Kaur3 (Department of Psychology, Gargi College, Delhi University, Delhi1,2 and Department of Psychology, Kamla Nehru College, Delhi University, Delhi3)

Binge watching is a phenomenon that is extremely popular these days. The focus of this research is to examine the impact of Perceived Social Support (PSS) on binge watching and the associated feelings among young adults. The sample used for the study consisted of 90 young adults (45 men & 45 women) aged between 18-35 years living in India. The shorter version of Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (ISEL) was applied to evaluate the level of PSS (Cohen & Hoberman, 1983). A structured questionnaire was formed to assess binge watching habits and feelings. The data was analysed using t-test and Pearson correlation. Frequencies were also found to assess the feeling aspect under different conditions. The major findings are as follows: (a) non-binge watchers have a higher perceived social support than binge watchers except for the dimension appraisal support; (b) perceived social support has a moderately negative but significant correlation with binge watching but the dimension appraisal support has a low negative but significant correlation with binge watching (c) binge watching has positive feelings associated with it and the predominant feeling was of relaxation.

Pages: 543-549
Deepa Sharma1 and Rajender Kumar Sharma2 (Department of Applied Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College (E), University of Delhi, Delhi1 and Department of Botany, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi2)

In the past few decades, interest in herbal medicines has been increased significantly, the reason includes, isolation, purification and identification of active principles, scientific validation of traditional uses, better compatibility of the natural molecules with human body, comparatively economical, fewer side effects, better presentation, packaging and advertisements. In the current manuscript, we presented more than 25 important medicinal herbs (Achillea millefolium, Bacopa monnieri , Cannabis Sativa, Centella asiatica, Crocus sativus, Datura stramonium Ginkgo biloba, Hyoscyamus niger, Humulus lupulus, Hypericum perforatum, Juniperous macropoda, Lavendula angustifolium, Mucuna pruriens, Papaver rhoeas, Passiflora incarnate, Physochlaina praealta, Piper methysticum, Rauvolfia serpentine Rhodiola rosea, Scutellaria lateriflora, Solanum nigrum, Tussilago farfara, Verbascum Thapsus, Valeriana officinalis, Withania somnifera & Ziziphus jujube) rich in psychoactive molecules, and having potential role to cure various psychiatric ailments including anxiety, obsessive-compulsive, post-traumatic stress, depression, bipolar maniac-depressive, seasonal affective disorder, psychotic, phobic disorders and Schizophrenia. Their traditional uses, psychological effects, active principles, validation of ethno-pharmacological effects are recorded and discussed. Additionally, photographs of the plant species will be helpful to know or easy identification of the plants.