IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review
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Pages: 1782-1787 The present study aimed at understanding the nature of behavioural and emotional problems in early-adolescents (12 to 15 years) and late-adolescents (15 to 18 years). Schools are a central context of development and can also have a significant role in the emergence of behavioural and emotional problems in students. Therefore, two schools (CBSE) were approached in order to collect data. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was conducted with two groups of teachers. The first group consisted of teachers of classes VI to VIII, and the second group comprised teachers of classes IX to XII. The FGDs were recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was used for interpreting the data. Codes were derived from the data and themes were generated on the basis of codes. Themes were defined in accordance with the nature of data. Aggression, defiance, disruptive behavior, truancy, recklessness and inattentiveness were the commonly found behavioural problems in early and late adolescent students. Fraudulence, stealing, impulsivity and lying were the behavioural problems found only in early-adolescents. Attention seeking, bullying, eve teasing and substance abuse were noticed only in late adolescents. Withdrawal, fear, shyness and sadness were the commonly found emotional problems in both the group of students. No age specific emotional problems were reported by the teachers. |
Pages: 1788-1794 Poor nutrition is responsible for death of 45% under-five children in developing countries including India. The aim of this review is to collate and synthesize published literature to understand the prevalence of malnutrition and its risk factors among Indian children. The primary research question was `What is the prevalence and risk factors of malnutrition among Indian children? Cross sectional, case-control and cohort studies were included for this review. Literature published between 2000-2017, that contained data related to India and written in English language were included for this review. At the first stage, 149 papers were identified through different electronic sources and finally 15 papers were met all inclusion criteria. We found high prevalence of malnutrition in most states of India. Gender and age differences in prevalence of malnutrition were evident. Socio-cultural factors like religion, caste, parents' educational status and socio-economic status and infant feeding factors like initiation of breast-feeding and complementary feeding were some of the risk factors of malnutrition. |
Pages: 1795-1799 Life without stress cannot be imagined. Psychological stresses form an inescapable part of life and up to a degree might be required for adequate personality development. However if these stresses become too severe or too numerous, they may affect the physical equilibrium, producing maladaptive patterns and possibly mental disorder. The notion that major stressful Life Events can give rise to mental illness is prevalent since antiquity. Distressful events are event that require a significant adjustment in individual's life, for example, separation, shifting home, etc. when a significant change occur in a person's life, in family and in society known as traumatic events. Examples of Live Events include Wedding or partnership of multiple households, being mother, shifting home, including downsizing to a smaller home, Children transitioning out of the home, Parents transitioning into the home, Death of a family member. The present study was aimed to see the effect of distressful life events between prisoners of open jail and central jail. A sample of the study comprised 80 prisoners of open jail and central, age 30 to 50 year, 2-year minimum punishment, literate including crime such as robbery, murder, rape, kidnapping, etc. The data was collected with The Distressful Life Events Scale (DLES) constructed by Verma and Asthana. The sampling was the purpose in nature and included only those who were interested to participate. It followed Mean and independent t-test to analyse the data. From the result of this study certain conclusion may be derived. The study shows a significant difference in Distressful Life Events between prisoners of open jail and central jail. |
Pages: 1800-1805 An infertility diagnosis, and subsequently undergoing treatment like Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) like-In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and Intra cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI), carries the potential for negative psychosocial health outcomes. Research has shown that infertility has a significant negative impact on Quality of life (QoL). Therefore, assessing QoL in infertile women during treatment becomes important. To explore the association between demographic variables and QoL during ART treatment. The sample consisted of infertile patients seeking ICSI treatment at a facility in Indore. Treatment module of Fertility Quality of Life Questionnaire (FertiQoL) was used. Descriptive statistics ANOVA and ‘t' test were used to analyse the associations between demographic variables and their treatment related QoL. Between patient demographics and Treatment Ferti QoL significant findings are reported on the environment and tolerability subscales. |
Pages: 1806-1809 The behavioural problems associated with epilepsy are a source of concern to the health care professionals. The current research study examined the behavioural problems in adult patients suffering from epilepsy and its relationship with perceived expressed emotion. The present research study examined 30 participants afflicted with epilepsy. The sample constituted of both males and females participants. The behavioural problems and expressed emotions were studied by using standardized assessment tools. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Gender differences were found in manifestation of behavioural problems. The frequencies of behavioural problems were higher in male participants. Moreover, male participants experienced high expressed emotions when compared with female participants. Seizures were found be associated with behavior problems in the course of a seizure condition, even when patients were on regular medicine. |
Pages: 1810-1814 According to current statistics, Indians are the leading users of facebook. However, the popularity has turned in to a matter of concern, with it taking the form of addiction in many. This makes research essential for the identification of psychological risk factors in this population. Accordingly, the present study investigated the role of social interaction anxiety and sensation seeking in facebook addiction, among 232 male and female college students, using Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (Andreassen, Torsheim, Brunborg, & Pallesen, 2012); Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (Andreassen, Torsheim, Brunborg, & Pallesen, 2017); Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (Mattick & Clarke, 1998); and Sensation Seeking Scale (Basu, Verma, Malhotra, & Malhotra, 1993). The results revealed that while social interaction anxiety was a significant positive predictor of facebook addiction, sensation seeking was non-significant for both males and females. |
Pages: 1815-1819 Engaging Performance: Theatre as call and response present a combined analysis and workbook to examine “socially engaged performance.” It offers a range of key practical approaches, exercises, and principles for using performance to interact in an exceedingly kind of social and artistic projects. The present study aims at finding the level of mindfulness among theatre artists and non- theatre artists. The participants of the study include 120 male and female young adults of age ranging from 18-75 years. The purposive sampling method was employed for the collection of data. Self-report measures were used to identify the status of mindfulness among the participants. The participants were administered using the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale was developed by Brown and Ryan in the year 2003 with adequate reliability and validity. Obtained result was statistically analysed using Two-way Analysis of Variance. The result indicates that there is no significant difference in the level of mindfulness among theatre and non- artists and there is no significant gender difference in the level of mindfulness among theatre and non-artists. Awareness of the mindfulness can be taught to both the groups. |
Pages: 1820-1823 This paper analyses the usage and impact of new media in e-politics with the focus on entertaining political videos introduced during the Punjab assembly elections in 2017 and the trend continued in the Lok Sabha polls in 2019. The videos went viral, making political parties adopt what started in the form of user-generated content (UGC). The trend can be seen in light of the uses and gratification theory. It turned out that the 18-25 year age cohort was a section of voters most attracted to these entertaining videos. The findings are significant in supporting the view that online campaigns can rekindle hope of drawing politically disinterested young voters into the political discourse and thus strengthen e-politics. But even those who watched the videos with witty political satire of sheer spoof with face swap on popular film clips, however, felt that the serious political message gets lost in the process. This entertaining format of creative communication, therefore, is more suited for reinforcing political messages already conveyed or as mere spoofs on rivals. Political campaigns efforts need to spare a thought for adding elements to catch the attention of the younger lot in better packaging of messages. |
Pages: 1824-1829 The Sahariya tribe, historic forest dwellers of Kishanganj block in Baran district of Rajasthan, in recent years faced starvation deaths, malnutrition among children, migration, water scarcity, bonded labour, etc. The study presents the comparative analysis of the Sahariya people's perspectives on the status of environmental conditions at present and about thirty years back. The study shows the presence of very dense forests in the past in the tribal habitation areas, which has significantly degraded in the present times. There is depletion of the ground water resources in the area, and the surface water bodies which had water throughout the year in the past, today have water availability limited to 2-3 months. Their major food source was from the forest resources, and their major livelihood was collecting and selling of minor forest produce. The environmental degradation eroded their traditional food sources available at almost no cost, leaving them dependent on local markets. Secondly, dependence on local market required purchasing power, which was a challenge as their main source of livelihood was based on minor forest produce that was dwindling at an alarming rate. The study reveals that the degradation of the environment, impacted the basic resources that sustained the well-being of the Sahariya tribe over the years, and has led to a negative impact on their quality of life, their social life and also exposed them to issues of social discrimination. |
Pages: 1830-1834 Food is an important part of life as it gives energy to body. Our health largely depends on our eating habit. Eating habits are about to what we eat, what we prefer to eat, how we eat and why we eat. The present study investigates Consumers' Preference towards eating out. To meet objectives of study the cross sectional research design was applied. Primary data were collected by using personal interview from 108 respondents in Gujarat state. It has been observed that preferred time for eating out is dinner and preferred place for eating out is hotels or restaurants followed by quick service restaurants. The exploratory factor analysis and cluster analysis were performed to analyse data along with descriptive statistics. The exploratory factor analyses results into three factors value for money, means of socializations and Peer influence. The present research will helpful to market players in designing marketing strategies. |
Pages: 1835-1840 This aim of the research was to study the differences between first-borns and later-born in terms of personality and risk-taking behaviour. For the purpose of this study, between subject design was utilised. A sample size of 120 was selected, comprising of adolescents and young adults falling in the age group of 16 to 25. A self- developed demographic sheet, The Eysenck Personality Inventory and The Dospert Scale were used to study the three parameters. In the sample population, it was found that neuroticism was significantly different across birth orders (p<0.05). However, no such difference was revealed while considering the dimension of extraversion. Similarly, risk-taking propensity was also not found to be significantly different (p>0.05). Male and female subject did not differ significantly in four out of five domains of risk-taking behaviour. Significant difference was found between the genders in case of recreational domain of risk-taking behaviour. Future research can take into account a wider sample size, geographical area, and more subsets of the variables and finally can take up a more multicultural study. |
Pages: 1841-1844 The present study aims to investigate the impact of parental education on self-regulated learning strategies among college students. The study was carried on 300 Government degree college students. Motivated strategy for learning questionnaire by Pintrich and DeGroot (1990) was used in the present study. The findings of the present study revealed significant differences in self-regulated learning strategies across different levels of maternal and paternal education. The findings of the present study suggested that the parents are to be made aware that they should give their wards sufficient encouragement and freedom to develop their learning strategies. |
Pages: 1845-1850 How an individual with visual challenges copes up with the disability, depends to a large extent on the supportive environment provided by the family, specifically by the parents. Parental role mainly depends upon the way in which parents rear the child. The present study focused on exploring whether the perception of youths with visual challenges of their parent's parenting style is different from that of youths with no visual challenges. This in turn will help in gaining an idea about the emotional atmosphere at home experienced by the two sets of youths. 30 participants studying at the undergraduate level with visual challenges were compared with 30 matched participants (Matched across their educational background) with no visual challenges. The type of parenting style experienced by them was compared using the Buri's Parenting Authority Questionnaire. The levels of each of the 3 types of parenting experienced by them were also compared. The results suggested that there was no difference in the pattern of parenting experienced by the two groups of participants, with respect to the style of mothers as well as fathers. Also the level of each type of parenting was comparable. |
Pages: 1851-1855 Right to education is globally recognized as a fundamental human right adopted by the UN General Assembly on 10 December 1948 and this right came in to effect in India, 1st April, 2010. This study explores the problem of low level learning outcome in government elementary school. The research was conducted in six adopted villages (Jant, Dholi, Bhurjat, Malra, Lawan, & Pali) by Central University of Haryana in Mahendergarh district. Descriptive survey method was used consist a sample of 60 parents selected by purposive sampling and ten parents were selected from each village. Information was collected by Self developed interview schedule. The study found that 47%are illiterate, 78% of parents have Lack of awareness towards their child's education,73% Parents haven't interest to knowing about their child's learning progress or don't like to visit school for any other purposes,70% Parents complain about Remaining vacant period (children tells to parents about Remaining vacant period), 12% Children do not attend school,100%, i.e., All Parents say that PTA meeting not organised in Govt. School since 2 years or there is no information of PTA meeting, 52% Parents tells that there is no good teaching in government school,78% Parents tells that teachers do not give or check homework regularly,58% Parents tells that Teachers remain absent, one or two periods daily vacant. In the Government elementary school there is a need of great leader/ principal/Headmaster to control, to manage or to running a govt. elementary school in a proper way and needs to be maintained with healthy teaching-learning environment so that students find it to be an inviting environment to coming every day to learn. |
Pages: 1856-1859 The use of biomass burning, i.e., firewood from forests, is the main source of cooking energy of the Sahariya community, a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG), from Kishanganj block of Baran district in Rajasthan. The forests in the area have dwindled over the years, as per the Rajasthan state forest reports. The people's perception of the reasons for degradation of forest in the area, indicates the role of local people in deforestation, mainly for local construction and household cooking energy needs. The dwindling forests have aggravated the struggles of Sahariya women in fetching firewood from long distances. Emissions from traditional biomass burning for cooking energy, contributes to health issues and the issue of climate change. This paper presents the study of Sahariya tribal households from Baran, who were provided with a fuel efficient cookstove, and the benefits assessed in terms of emission levels of particulates - PM10 and PM2.5, methane (CH4) and Poly-aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The results indicate that emission levels were reduced within the prescribed standards and households were able to significantly reduce their firewood requirement. This reduction in the household emissions and reduction in firewood requirement observed in Sahariya community, can be a pragmatic solution in the collective efforts of tackling the issue of deforestation and also a positive contribution towards reducing emissions of carbon particulates and GHGs from rural households. The co-benefits include reduced stress levels among women, as firewood requirement is reduced, and improvement in overall health of family members from improved indoor air quality. |
Pages: 1860-1863 The aim of the present study was to compare the emotional intelligence between boys and girls of B.Ed. Special Education students. The incidental purposive sampling techniques will be used to the selection of the subjects in this research work. In all there will be 100Students of Jaipur city, Rajasthan, in which 50 boys and 50 girls were selected. All students are graduate or postgraduate. Emotional Intelligence Scale was developed by Hyde, Pethe, and Dhar was used. Results revealed that there is significant difference between emotional intelligence of B.Ed. Special Education Students boys and girls. But girls of B.Ed. Special Education students have better level of emotional intelligence than boys of B.Ed. Special Education students. When we compare the different dimension of emotional intelligence girls have better self-awareness, empathy, managing relations, integrity, self-development and altruistic behavior than boys. But on other hand on the dimension of emotional intelligence in self-motivation, emotional stability, value orientation and commitment dimension both boys and girls have similar level of emotional intelligence. The likely reason for this result may be girls have more tolerance and patience as compared to male who can think about their emotions and take decisions, because of biological difference which exists between boys and girls. |
Pages: 1864-1867 Social intelligence is the ability of an individual to comprehend feelings and emotions of other individual and respond according to the situations. Social intelligence is necessary for leading a successful life in a society. Social intelligence comprised of four components: social skills, social awareness, social information processing, and social desirability. The components of social intelligence relate differentially with aggression, altruism and compassion. And they are very important to determine the level of social intelligence among adults. Although the social intelligence has been reviewed with aggression, altruism and compassion many times but differential relationship of its components has not been studied so far. Therefore the present study has been under taken to assess the relationship of social intelligence with aggression, altruism and compassion. The study was conducted on 200 adults age ranging between 20 years to 30 years. Non probability purposive sampling technique was used for the study and tools used were Tromso social intelligence scale given by Silvera et al. (2001). The Transgression- Related Interpersonal Motivation Scale (TRIM) by McCullough et al. (1998); compassionate love for humanity scale by Sprecher and Fehr (2005); The helping attitude scale given by (Nickell, 1998). The finding revealed that social intelligence was positively correlated with altruism as well as compassion and negatively correlated with aggression. Further, social information processing was significantly positively correlated with altruism and compassion. Whereas, social skills and social awareness were significantly negatively correlated with aggression. |
Pages: 1868-1872 Meaning of yoga is to achieve a balance within the internal and external environment, thereby seeking to attain mental, spiritual and physical well-being. It enhances mental health and subjective well-being or happiness. In this context, Yoga and Emotional Intelligence were investigated in the present study. The present study was conducted among 1200 participants selected through convenience sampling and out of which 600 were yoga practitioners and 600 were never practiced yoga. The Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test and a semi-structured interview schedule were used to collect data. Spearman's rank order correlation, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to analyse the data. The findings show that yoga practitioners and non-practitioners of yoga are significantly differs in Emotional Intelligence. Yoga practitioners are found to have a much better emotional intelligence level than the non-practitioners, irrespective of the duration and frequency of yoga practice. |
Pages: 1873-1875 Arts have a great role in helping us reaching and exploring parts of ourselves that are often inaccessible to other systems of human interaction. It travels below the radar, bringing sustenance for our personalities and coming up with tales from the inner most self. A creation deprived of art is an insensitive world. producing and imbibing arts boost our spirits and retains us well-balanced. Creative work, like science and religion, benefits us by making most of our lives, leaving us feeling us feel better.” Artist “In each phase, the arts have encouraged individuals and provided them solace. Professor Lord Layard. Present study focuses on an optimal experience and psychological well-being of Musicians and Theatre artists. The aim of present investigation is to know the significant difference between Musicians and Theatre artists. The primary data was collected from respondents by administering Flow Short Scale (Rheinberg, Vollmever, & Engeser, 2008) and Psychological well-being scale (Ryff, 1989) on Professional Musicians and Theatre artists. The outcomes revealed that there is very high significant difference between Musicians and theatre artists on their challenge-skill balance. There exists significantly very high positive correlation between Flow and Purpose in life and Self-acceptance. Finally, There is significantly very high positive correlation between Challenge-skill Balance and Purpose in life. |
Pages: 1876-1877 This paper provides a comprehensive overview of a therapeutic technique entitled' Emotional Freedom Technique'. It's a safe and non-invasive healing method, based on tapping acupuncture points while focusing on a particular issue. Using EFT, a person taps at those points in the body that will help release the negative energy whilst expressing their thought process. Freud talked about how Ego has a major role to play when it comes to balancing the psychic energy to prevent conflicts and that is exactly what EFT does. It negates the energy that is responsible for the anxiety and sets the ego free to concentrate on other aspects of the mind. It supports the ego in its functioning. Though the concept of use of therapies in healing is decades old, yet holds utmost relevance in prevailing ethos especially in a cut throat competition era faced by students, working men and women and almost everyone can relate to it. Therefore, it becomes vital to harness EFT in today's scenario and the efforts can not only be done by practitioners, counsellors and doctors rather can be easily dealt by anyone. Thus, incorporating EFT perhaps can bring out more potential and effective in treating fears, phobias and augmenting their performance in daily life. |
Pages: 1878-1881 High levels of stress encountered by the parents with very less effective methods to overcome will always be an obstacle to face the tasks involved in parenting the child. The study was conducted to assess the coping strategies among mothers of mentally challenged children in Coimbatore. A descriptive research design was adopted in this study to assess the level of coping among Mothers of Mentally Challenged Children by using convenient sampling technique. Results showed that about 1.9% of mothers had below average level of coping, 5.8% of mothers had average level of coping, 75% of mothers had above average level of coping and 3% of mothers had very good level of coping. It is concluded that, counsellors and educationalists involved in the health care industry must chart out the very strenuous fields and have to meticulously support the usage of various coping strategies to help out the parents in overcoming the difficulties faced by them in bringing up the mentally challenged children. |
Pages: 1882-1886 Mental imagery is the integral part of emotion thus it can be assumed that this has some role in emotion driven psychological disorders such as anxiety disorders, mood disorders, bipolar disorders and so on. We can experience mental imagery in many different ways like visualizing something or experiencing someone's touch who is not actually present. Many researches indicate that mental imagery has role in bipolar disorder but little is known about the kind of presence of mental imagery in bipolar disorder. In the current study we tried to understand the presence of mental imagery in comorbid anxiety of bipolar disorder and also the developmental pattern of mental imagery from normal individual to anxiety patients to those bipolar patients who are comorbid of anxiety disorder. From purposive sampling we selected 128 participatnts who took the part in this study out of which 43 were bipolar patients comorbid with anxiety, 43 were anxiety patients and 42 were normal individuals. Sample was taken from different mental health centers from Prayag raj, Varanasi and Ranchi. These participants were examined with different scales like HAMD, BAI, YMRS, VVIQ and scores were obtained. Analysis of the data shows that there are significant difference in imagery between normal group and bipolar group. Results show that F variance (F(2, 125) = 5.424, p= .006) is significant for all three levels of imagery in Anxiety, Depression (F(2, 125)= 20.645, p= .01) and Mania (F(2, 125)= 3.533, p= .003). |
Pages: 1887-1890 Sportswear is among the most versatile performance clothing. Lifestyle changes, increasing participation in sports and health conscious activities have created demand for comfortably functional sports apparel. Accordingly, a range of value-added clothing with properties like temperature regulation, moisture management, stretch, odor reduction and light weight is available in the market for everyday sportswear. While these clothes may have multi-functional properties, they do not fall in the category of functional clothing. Sports-functional clothing is a class apart because it represents performance enhancing clothes. These clothes are at the cutting edge of athletic performance. Two principles primarily govern the design and constructing of sportswear following two cardinal principles. These are the principles of aerodynamics that help reduce the drag power of wind and the second is the application of compression for increasing blood flow on specific muscles. Another important design criteria is the aesthetics of the clothing. Factors considered for developing stretch pattern technology use digital quantification of the degree of fabric stretch for assessing stretch fit. The idea is to make the stretch pattern construction process more transparent in CAD applications. This ultimately offers better fitting and distinctly more comfortable garments to the customer. |
Pages: 1891-1895 In most of the studies among youth, relationships between temperament and depression were investigated with a primary focus on impact of the negative emotionality (NE) dimension of temperament. The present study aims to understand the problem whether positive emotionality (PE) also plays any significant role in associations with depressive symptoms. In a convenience sample of 106 non-clinical youth (1118 years; M = 15.28, SD = .89) and 87 clinical youth (1118 years; M = 16.37, SD = .96), data was collected on NE and PE using Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children (HiPIC) and depressive symptoms using Child Behavior Checklist for children ages 6-18 years (CBCL). Findings indicated that high levels of NE and low levels of PE were both related with more number of depressive symptoms. It was also found that the interaction of PE and NE was significantly associated to depressive symptoms, with lower PE levels being a significant vulnerability factor, which facilitates the association between higher NE levels and depressive symptoms. Present study findings determine the need of identifying factors of resilience for depression among youth. Insight into these factors is necessary for the successful development and appropriate implementation of prevention strategies and effective intervention programs for depressive symptoms. |
Pages: 1896-1899 To build own personality, society and the nation one always endeavors by giving his best to achieve more and more. The present research study was conducted to find out the Effect of Cognitive Difficulty of students on their Academic Achievement of different Higher Secondary students of district Jammu of J&K state with reference to their locality and type of school. Cognitive difficulty is among the fundamental factors which may affect the academic achievement of students through different angles. To accomplish the study researcher employed descriptive research design and collected the data from a sample of 300 Government and Private school students selected from 8 Higher Secondary schools by applying simple random sampling technique. In this research study ANOVA as a statistical technique was used to analyze the data. The result of the study reveals that Cognitive difficulty plays a very gigantic role in determining the Academic Achievement of students. |