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Pages: 507-511
Hemant Bhatt (Indo Global College of Education, Abhipur, Mohali, Punjab)

The main purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of information and communication technology skills development program on technology integration beliefs and self regulation of prospective teachers. Participants were 102 prospective teachers who responded to pre test and post test scales while taking an ICT skills development program. Statistically significant changes were found in prospective teacher's technology integrations beliefs and self regulation. The results strongly supported the effectiveness of ICT skill development program in improving not only technology integration beliefs but also self regulation. It showed the importance of relationship between prospective teachers' technology integration beliefs and their potential use of technology in their future classrooms.

Pages: 507-511Hemant Bhatt (Indo Global College of Education, Abhipur, Mohali, Punjab)

Pages: 503-506
Renuka Joshi and Kanchan Yadav (Department of Psychology, D.A.V. (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttaranchal)

The present study was conducted to examine the effects of Parental encouragement on temperament of adolescent girls and boys from class 9th to 12th standards. 2x2 factorial design was used. Data was collected from 120 high school students divided into 60 boys and 60 girls. Parental encouragement scale developed by Sharma (1987) was used to asses the parental encouragement, and Temperament scale developed by Chadda and Chandana was used to measure temperament of the subjects. Mean, SD, and F test were used for statistical analysis of obtained scores. Results indicated significant difference among adolescent boys and girls.

Pages: 503-506Renuka Joshi and Kanchan Yadav (Department of Psychology, D.A.V. (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttaranchal)

Pages: 498-502
Jaga M. Basantia (Department of Education, Gangadharpur Mahavidyamandir, Gangadharpur, West Bengal)

It is said that the prosperity and all round development of a nation solely depends on its educational structure and condition. Education is the most powerful instrument to change the values and attitude of the people and it creates in them the urge of necessary motivation to achieve social class ascendency, social mobility, sound economic system, and maintain a healthy, happy and prosperous life. The light of education has not been an unmitigated boon for all section of society especially tribal people of India. The constant social, economic, educational and psychological disadvantages had probably adversely affected their cognitive ability. In the present study the researcher tried to explore the impact of socio-economic status, psycho-social constraints, home and school environment on academic achievement of the tribal students. It was found that except school environment all other variables has a tremendous impact or contribute to the enhancement of academic achievement of the tribal students.

Pages: 498-502Jaga M. Basantia (Department of Education, Gangadharpur Mahavidyamandir, Gangadharpur, West Bengal)

Pages: 493-497
Sheena Arora and Sukhmani (School of Business Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

The present study was undertaken with the objectives to identify the types and extent of job constraints faced by women employees in the banking sector and to associate the components of job constraints with socio-economic profile of female employees. The women job-seekers find jobs in banks more attractive and more suitable to their nature. Banks not only hire them massively but also welcome their entry because women have certain innate traits which fit in with the job requirements. Indian women is distinct from their western counter parts in that they do not shed their conventional roles as mothers and house wives in spite of their professional responsibilities. They are skilled at blending professional excellence and traditional love for home harmoniously. The job constraints were categorized into four categories i.e., Gender specific constraints, Performance and role related constraints, Timings and technological constraints and Emotional constraints. Overall, the banks were found to be providing adequate facilities to the female employees.

Pages: 493-497Sheena Arora and Sukhmani (School of Business Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

Pages: 486-492
Anil Kumar, Ashok Kumar Godara, Ashok Kumar, and Jitender Kumar Bhatia (Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana )

The study was conducted in purposively selected Jhajjar districts of Haryana state (India) with selected 33 number of Photovoltaic Water Pumping System (PWPS) adopted farmers from this district, and an equal number of non beneficiaries adjoining to the beneficiaries' farm were also selected. In this way a total number of 66 respondents i.e. 33 beneficiaries and 33 non-beneficiaries were included in the sample for the study. A significant majority of respondents two third (60.6 %) had medium level of technical knowledge, general knowledge (57.58 %) and overall knowledge (54.54 %) by the adopted respondents. In case of non adopted respondents, had low level of technical knowledge (78.78 %), general knowledge (66.67 %) and three-fourth of farmers (69.69 %) overall knowledge. Majority of respondents 57.57% and 51.51% had favourable attitude in case of adopted and non-adopted, respectively. Land holding, education, socio-economic status, extension contact, source of income, risk orientation and change proneness were found to have positive and significant correlation ship. However, in case of non adopted farmers' socio-economic status and risk orientation were found to have positive and significant correlation ship. The regression coefficient of adopted farmers' Land holding, education, socio-economic status, extension contact, source of income, risk orientation were found to have positive and significant regression coefficient. However, in case of non adopted farmers, In case of non adopted farmers, socio- economic status and extension contact had positive and significant regression coefficient with the farmers' knowledge level.

Pages: 486-492Anil Kumar, Ashok Kumar Godara, Ashok Kumar, and Jitender Kumar Bhatia (Chaudhary Charan Singh…

Pages: 483-485
Krishan Yadav, Pardeep Kumar Chahal, Rajesh Kumar, and Bharat Singh Ghanghas (Department of Extension Education, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

One of the most important and powerful tool of extension in the armory of Directorate of Extension Education is monthly agricultural Magazine; Haryana Kheti. A magazine published by Directorate of Extension Education from the last fifty years. It covers all important aspects of agriculture that affects the day to day life of farming community like; recent developments in the field of agriculture, animal husbandry, home sciences, along with government schemes and programmes related to welfare of farming community. Approximately 3,500 copies of Haryana Kheti are printed every month. To study the farmers' preferences, overall utility and constraints faced by the readers of the magazine, a study was conducted on the subscribers of Haryana Kheti. The sample was selected by choosing 10 respondents randomly from Eastern, Western, Northern and Southern Haryana, respectively. Another 10 respondents were selected from neighboring states of Punjab and Rajasthan. Data was collected by sending postal mail to the subscribers' addresses and conducting telephonic interview by using a well structures questionnaire/ Interview schedule. The collected data were analyzed and interpreted for drawing the conclusion. The study revealed the “Monthly Krishi Karaya” (Agricultural practices of the month) was the most preferred article, followed by articles on Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and articles on Government policies. As far as, overall utility of Haryana Kheti is concerned; more than sixty percent farmers told it as 'Very Use full'. Analysis of data related to major constraints faced by the farmers showed that 'delay in delivery' was very serious constraint, closely followed by 'Poor or lack of photographs' and 'poor printing and paper quality'.

Pages: 483-485Krishan Yadav, Pardeep Kumar Chahal, Rajesh Kumar, and Bharat Singh Ghanghas (Department of Extension…

Pages: 477-482
Ashma and Rita Goel (Department of Extension Education and, Communication Management, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)
Mujahid Khan (Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, Haryana)

The press in India has vast potentiality of bringing change in the society. Media is watchdog of government policies and implementation of its programmes. The study aims to evaluate the newspapers' salient features in covering Swachh Bharat Mission and total number of items and space devoted to Swachh Bharat Mission by selected four Hindi newspapers i.e. Dainik Bhaskar, Dainik Jagran, Dainik Tribune, and Punjab Kesri, in Hisar city of Haryana state. The newspapers were selected based on maximum circulation of these newspapers. Content analysis of the selected newspapers was conducted in three phases i.e. 15 days before and 15 days after in launching year, first anniversary and second anniversary. According to space covered by items related to Swachh Bharat Mission, Dainik Jagran had maximum number of 205 items occupying 2802 col. cm. space followed by Dainik Bhaskar having 129 items occupying 1596 col. cm. space. The number of items and space covered in 1st column was highest for Dainik Bhaskar (67 items & 488 col. cm) and Dainik Jagran (86 items & 744 col. cm). The number of items and space covered by Dainik Tribune was highest in column 3rd (14 items & 249 col. cm) and it was highest in column 2nd (23 items & 282 col. cm) for Punjab Kesri. Out of four selected newspapers, maximum items related to Swachh Bharat Mission were covered in 15 days after launching the mission by three newspapers i.e. Dainik Bhaskar, Dainik Jagran and Dainik Tribune.

Pages: 477-482Ashma and Rita Goel (Department of Extension Education and, Communication Management, Chaudhary Charan Singh…

Pages: 467-476
Mohamed Mousa (Estonian Business School, Estonia, Europe)

As a result of globalization and the interactions of people with various identities, diversity has become a noticeable norm in today's business life. Accordingly, managing such cultural diversity requires a dependence on a much more tolerant culture in which employees seek to attain both career and organizational objectives without being hobbled by factors of religion, race, ethnicity, and so on. During the last two decades, organizational cynicism, which is the employee's negative feelings towards his employing organization, has found a place in academic management literature. It has a vital role in interpreting many organizational unwanted behaviors in the organizational context such as: absenteeism, day dreaming and the state of being careless when doing work. This study identifies the effect of cultural diversity challenges (communication, discrimination & training) on cognitive, affective and behavioral cynicism by conducting a quantitative study of physicians in Kasr El Eini public hospital in Egypt. Upon collecting 100 questionnaire forms and using multiple regressions to analyze them, it appears that only communication affects both cognitive and affective cynicism whereas, both communication and training affect behavioral cynicism.

Pages: 467-476Mohamed Mousa (Estonian Business School, Estonia, Europe)

Pages: 460-466
Priyanka Behrani and Kiransinh Rajput (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, The M.S.University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat)

Work and employment play a central role in people's lives and are essential factors in social inclusion and well-being. The employment rate of persons with disabilities is much less in comparison to the non-disabled especially in developing countries. People with disabilities face many challenges from both side inside and outside when integrating into the workforce, Inside like self stigma and lower self esteem and outside such as overcoming co-workers and employers' negative attitudes and perceptions. The objective of this study was to assess the attitudes of employees among manufacturing and service sector towards employment of people with disabilities. Total 200 employees from service sector and manufacturing sector were the sample of the study. The questionnaires was used for data collection which included sample's demographic detail, company background, their experience in employing people with disabilities, their attitude toward employees with disabilities and their perceptions on barriers they have to face when employing people with disabilities. Result shows that employees of the organisation have positive attitude toward employment of people with disabilities. There is no significant difference between employees of manufacturing sector and service sector in terms of their attitude towards employment of people with disabilities. The study is useful for stakeholders who are involved in policy making for hiring, retaining, and training of employees with disability.

Pages: 460-466Priyanka Behrani and Kiransinh Rajput (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, The…

Pages: 456-459
Madalaimuthu A. and Kadhiravan S. (Department of Psychology, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu)

Civil service aspirants in India undergo rigorous coaching classes and take regular test series for competitive examination. They endure immense stress in course of preparation throughout the year. Various factors like tough competition among aspirants, depleting resources, unpredictable nature of competitive examinations, and inadequate family support could contribute to their stress. Continuous exposure to such stressful environment tends to have negative effects on physical as well as emotional health of aspirants. Coping skills and strategies could help aspirants to overcome the challenges posed by stressful encounters. This study explored the relationship between coping skills and positive mental health among civil service aspirants. A sample of 122 aspirants from civil service coaching centers in Chennai was selected through simple random sampling and the data was collected with the help of Coping Skills Inventory and Positive Mental Health Inventory. Results revealed that coping skills of aspirants had a significant positive relationship with personal growth and autonomy, emotional support dimensions of mental health. The findings are discussed in this article.

Pages: 456-459Madalaimuthu A. and Kadhiravan S. (Department of Psychology, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu)

Pages: 450-455
Kanika K. Ahuja, Garima Srivastava, and Priyanka Padhy (Department of Psychology, Lady Shri Ram College for Women, University of Delhi, Delhi)

The purpose of the current study was to evaluate a team building training intervention on 99 college going female students. This study followed a between group post-only experimental design where the experimental group underwent team building training and the control group did not. The training workshop conducted by NLP practitioners was based on Tuckman's model (1965) where the activities were divided into 5 stages of team building using innovative pedagogical tools. The effectiveness of training was assessed at three levels of evaluation (reaction, learning & behaviour) as per the Kirkpatrick's model with the help of Training Feedback Form (measuring level 1-Reaction), Knowledge about teams' questionnaire (measuring level 2-learning outcomes), and Perceived Cohesion Scale (assessing level 3-Behaviour/Group Cohesion). t tests for independent samples revealed that the training program was effective. The experimental group's level of learning and group cohesion was significantly higher than that of the control group. The current study contributes support for the usage of team building training, and the Kirkpatrick model for evaluation in the Indian context.

Pages: 450-455Kanika K. Ahuja, Garima Srivastava, and Priyanka Padhy (Department of Psychology, Lady Shri Ram…

Pages: 446-449
Pranjul Kathpalia, Ridhi Seth, and Paushali Verma (Anil Surender Modi School of Commerce, Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, Maharashtra)

In the economic development of any country financial sector plays a very important role and banking is lifeline of any economy. The development and increasing progress in the information and communication technology have brought about a lot of changes in almost all facets of life. Today Indian banking is under an IT revolution, in the banking industry it has been taken place in the form of electronic banking, and which has taken place of traditional banking system .E-banking symbolizes providing banking related services by using information technology without actual visit to the bank by the customers. To sustain in the growing competition, commercial banks in India have adopted several initiatives to improve banking services and to gain competition advantage.This paper is the outcome of an empirical study with the objectives of investing the source of information of the customers and type of e- banking services availed by the respondents. Results revealed that most popular source of information pertaining to e- banking services is family members and overwhelming majority of respondents i.e 96% were satisfied with the electronic banking services.

Pages: 446-449Pranjul Kathpalia, Ridhi Seth, and Paushali Verma (Anil Surender Modi School of Commerce, Narsee…
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