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Pages: 270-274
Wossen Ayalew Tegegne (College of Education and Behavioral Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia)

The major purpose of this study was to examine factors influencing trainees' career choice among technical and vocational training trainees. This study was delimited to see factors influencing trainees' career choice like family influence, peer influence, job opportunity influence and school influence on trainees' career choice in the study area. This study was conducted in Kidus Lalibela and Kobo technical and vocational colleges. Atotal of 140 (78 male & 62 female) trainees was taken as samples of the study. The Stratified random sampling technique was applied to select these samples. The data gathering instruments used in the study were questionnaire. Cronbach alpha was employed to test the reliability of the instrument. The data were analyzed by using mean, variance; standard deviation and one sample t-test to describe the characteristics of the sample. The findings of this study revealed that: there was a statistically significant mean difference between peer influence (t=9.039), school influence (t=9.064), job opportunity influence (t=22.17) and the expected mean value, but there was no statistically significant mean difference between trainee's family influence on career choice and expected mean value (t=.0.865). There was no statistically significant mean difference between trainee's family influence on career choice and expected mean value. There were statistically significant mean differences among family, peer, school, and job opportunity influences on the career choice of trainees. Recommendation: Family, school, ministry of labor and social affairs and ministry of education should work jointly in providing accurate, timely, and relevant career related information for students at different levels so that students can adjust their future career and professional life. This will make students to be productive members of the country.
Pages: 270-274 Wossen Ayalew Tegegne (College of Education and Behavioral Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar…
Pages: 275-282
Mollaw Abraha (Department of Pedagogical Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia)

The study was conducted to examine to what extent teachers as a parent had participated in their children's learning, and it also focused on how Selam elementary school was inspired to involve parents in the children's schooling. Grounded theory was used as a design of the study. Parents, teachers, and school leaders were taken as participants of the study randomly. To collect data from these members, interviews and FGD were employed, and the data were analyzed by using open, axial, and selective coding approaches. According to the findings, most parents went to school only when their children achieved low academic performance, or they misbehaved; teachers made discussions with parents of children that have misbehaved and were academically weak. Moreover, the outputs showed that the school was failed to encourage parents to get involved in school activities and in their learners' learning. Generally, the parental involvement of Selam primary school was futile as parenting roles such as parenting, learning at home, and communicating were focused by parents via ignoring the other three their responsibilities: volunteering, decision making, and collaborating. Therefore, parents are required to give priority for their children's instructional activities, and teachers need to involve parents in the instructional process regularly by designing a communication plan with appropriate means of interaction. The school also has to work on how teachers and parents solve students' instructional problems by interacting regularly
Pages: 275-282 Mollaw Abraha (Department of Pedagogical Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia)
Pages: 283-289
Solomon Melesse Mengistie (Department of Curriculum & Instruction, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia)
Alemayehu Bishaw Tamiruand (Department of Education, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia)
Assaye Ayalew Abebe (Education Expert, FagitaLekoma Woreda Education Office, Awi Zone, Ethiopia)
Quality in education is an amorphous term where no two people can exactly communicate. However, there is a growing trend that quality should be viewed in terms of learning improvement. Thus, this study intends to examine the status of students' problem-solving skill in mathematics. Particularly, this study aims at measuring grades 9 and 10 students' problem-solving skill improvement in mathematics. This study also compared male and female students' problem-solving skill in mathematics. Atotal of 284 students (142 female & 142 male) were selected using stratified random sampling technique from grades 9 and 10 students. Fifteen problem-solving skill test items with five levels of difficulty were constructed based on the conceptual framework, which was suggested by the Department of Mathematics and Computer Science of Saint Louis University and Mara University of Technology. The results of the analysis unraveled that grades 9 and 10 students have low level of problem-solving skill in mathematics. As the difficulty level of items increases, there appeared to be significant difference on students' problem-solving skill in favor of male students. Based on the results, the researchers noted that problem-solving skill is the result of the combination of a multitude of human skills. It is also manifested in several ways, such as, thinking, reasoning, doing things, etc. Thus, to measure the problem-solving skill of people a combination of tests that address several components of problem-solving should be used. Moreover, the problem solving skill development requires models that could possibly help the students to emulate the skill. To this end, teachers should develop their problem solving skill and thereby become good models for their respective students.
Pages: 283-289 Solomon Melesse Mengistie (Department of Curriculum & Instruction, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia) Alemayehu Bishaw Tamiruand…
Pages: 290-294
Wolde, Abraham Kebede (College of Education and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Amhara, Ethiopia)

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of urban dwellers towards the COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve the objective the cross-section survey was employed. The sample of the study was selected using simple random sampling methods. Using this method 208 urban dwellers were selected. The instrument of the study was adapted from other research but piloted and rated by the experts. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analyzing data. The result of the study confirmed that the urban dweller was marginally knowledgeable, have a roughly positive attitude and poor practice of world health organization and government guidelines to hamper the spread of the virus. Information shall be provided to implement government guideline to stop the spread of the virus
Pages: 290-294 Wolde, Abraham Kebede (College of Education and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychology, Bahir Dar…
Pages: 295-298
Simmi Vashishtha and Kamaljit Singh (University School of Management, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, Haryana)

This paper introduces the notion of holistic education into the context of higher education eco-systems. The study intends to conceptualize the theme and list out issues and challenges present education system faces with intent to connect with a wider set of teaching and learning paradigms to upgrade the capabilities of higher education ecosystems. The study recommends the need of combining experiential-based learning (EBL). The study also recommends the changes needed to be adopted at this time in higher education viz.
Pages: 295-298 Simmi Vashishtha and Kamaljit Singh (University School of Management, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, Haryana)
Pages: 299-301
Pallawi Kumari (Department of Economics, Patna University, Patna, Bihar)

Of late, Globalization has become very popular and in vogue though it is an ancient phenomenon. In the current scenario of Covid 19 pandemic, globalization has caught everybody's attention. However the assessment of globalization simply cannot be done over a year, a decade or even two. In true sense the term globalization is little older than that and the current stage is the result of various ups and downs that it has undergone through over a period of time. The aim of the paper is to understand the meaning and genesis of globalization. This paper will discuss periodisation of the process of globalization, trends, opportunities and challenges of globalization and how globalization today is different from yesterday.
Pages: 299-301 Pallawi Kumari (Department of Economics, Patna University, Patna, Bihar)
Pages: 302-304
N. Pavithra and Abha Ahuja (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, GBPUA&T, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand)

Evolution is a part of life. Every day, the people start accepting from society a new thing which may end in a big change. Modernization is a process in which the people or society changes from the traditional form to its latest updated form. Though this seems to be so simple, it has its crucial role to be played on this world. In that way, human beings are a social animal, prepares to accept the changes and accepts it the same way. Despite the advantages, it equally has its negative impacts on the personal values especially adolescents who are susceptible to any sort of ecological or social advancements. The personal values according to Sherry and Verma (2010), are divide into ten different types, viz., Religious value, Social value, Democratic value, Aesthetic value, Economic value, Knowledge value, Hedonistic value, Power value, Family prestige value and Health value. Similarly, the modernization according to Ahluwalia and Kalia (2010), are divided as Education, Parent-Child relationship, Politics, Status of women, marriage, religion and socio-cultural aspect. This review paper throws a piece of knowledge about the personal values of adolescents, characteristics of adolescents and the way that modernization affects it.
Pages: 302-304 N. Pavithra and Abha Ahuja (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of…
Pages: 305-307
Rekha Singh (School of Management Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)

The present study intends to study the impact of adopting Green HRM policies and practices on environmental Sustainability. Every Organization is concerned about the impact of their business decisions on the environment. They need to frame Green HRM policies and bring it into their system. These policies and practices can lead to involvement of employees in helping their companies become greener. This research also investigates the impact of these environmental friendly policies and practices of HR department on selecting, training, compensating and rewarding employees who creates environmental protection culture beneficial to a firm and society in the long run. This study aims to create a strong linkage between Human Resource Policies and Practices of an organization and Environmental Management and sustain ability
Pages: 305-307 Rekha Singh (School of Management Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)
Pages: 308-311
S.S. Vinayagam, K. Akhila, and A. Mahesh (Division of Education Systems Management, ICAR-National Academy of Agricultural Research Management, Hyderabad, Telangana)

Emerging technologies hold promise for improvement of student achievement and teaching quality. The paper has been examined to evaluate the learning process of 58 nominated faculty of Agriculture Universities (AUs) through online and offline mode by using “Exploratory” type of research design. Data collected by using 'questionnaires' as a data collection tool. To display patterns of evaluating performance in the form of quantitative data, the statistical technique called “Box plot technique” was applied. This technique splits the data set into four quartiles based on the marks they obtained. To study difference between the evaluation pattern of offline and online learning process, t-test was employed. The mean for offline and online learners was 60.6 and 63.3, whereas variance of offline and online learners was 57.4 and 103.7 respectively. The 't' calculated value was less than 't' table value. So it can be deduced that offline learners were non-significant with online learners in case of overall performance.
Pages: 308-311 S.S. Vinayagam, K. Akhila, and A. Mahesh (Division of Education Systems Management, ICAR-National Academy…
Pages: 312-316
T. R. Sridevi Krishnaveni (Institute of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering College & Research Institute, Trichy, Tamil Nadu)
With students in the center of the education production function and various stakeholders surrounding them teachers act as a prime tool to deliver knowledge directly to the students and act as bridge to connect students, parents and institute. With the evolutionary changes in the society, technology and psychological mind set of the students, it is very much essential for the teachers to upgrade and equip themselves to meet out the growing expectations and to sort out the daily unexpected challenges. Thus study aims to understand the perceived training needs of the undergraduate level agricultural teachers of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. The main campus of Coimbatore was purposively selected for the study. There were totally 26 departments from where courses were offered to the Undergraduate students. From each department, two respondents (representing, one from junior scientists & one from senior scientists categories) were selected on consultation with the heads of the departments. Thus, 52 respondents were selected using purposive sampling method. Majority of the teaching scientists showed maximum interest equally towards online teaching and content development, and motivation techniques. The second rated training need was stress management followed by improved methods of classroom teaching and personality development.
Pages: 312-316 T. R. Sridevi Krishnaveni (Institute of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering College & Research Institute, Trichy…
Pages: 317-321
Jagdish Kumar (Agricultural Economics, Shighania University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan)
Nirmal Kumar (Agricultural Economics, CCS Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, Haryana)
Jitender Kumar Bhatia (Agricultural Economics, CCS Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, Haryana)
Dalip Kumar Bishnoi(Agricultural Economics, CCS Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, Haryana)
Vinay Kumar (Business Management, CCS Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, Haryana)

The present study was carried out with the objective to work out the resource use efficiency in buffalo and cross bred cow husbandry in Haryana. Multistage Purposive sampling technique was used for data collection. Green fodder and concentrates in case of buffaloes in both the districts and concentrates in case of cows in Bhiwani district was under-utilized which showed that increase in these inputs can increase milk production. Human labour was optimally utilized for buffaloes in Bhiwani district but in case of buffaloes in Sirsa district and cross bred cows in Bhiwani district the input was underutilized.
Pages: 317-321 Jagdish Kumar (Agricultural Economics, Shighania University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan) Nirmal Kumar (Agricultural Economics, CCS Haryana Agricultural…
Pages: 322-329
Monika, Poonam Malik, and Poonam Yadav (Department of Human Development & Family Studies, College of Home Science, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana)

There is a tremendous growth in telecommunication market among which smart phones are most popular now days. Youths especially college going students spent more time with smart phones. They use various smart phone brands with different features. The main objectives of the study were to assess features and pattern of smart phone usage among college going students. A sample of 60 college going students including boys and girls were selected using snow ball technique. For this study a self structured questionnaire was used after that frequencies and percentages were calculated for the analysis of data. MI was the most popular smart phone brand used by college going students with Samsung at second. 46% of the student's smart phone cost was between 11000 to 15000 rupees. Majority of the students purchased smart phone with their own choices. Most of the students had smart phone with high battery power. 83% of the students had dual SIM but students usually use only one SIM for internet. Jio was the most used SIM in both slot 1 and 2. 73.33% of the students recharge their SIM for 3 months with the expenditure of more than 300 rupees. 68.33% of the students got 1.5 GB daily data plan. Maximum students spent 4-6 hours with smart phone which increases from 1-2 hours during holidays. More than half of the students sometimes lose sense of time and neglect work due to smart phone. 60% of the students said smart phones have negative impact on studies. Maximum students said smart phone is a necessity and they don't feel fine with push button phone. More than half of the college going students said that life would be boring without smart phone. 60% of the students said that sometimes they sacrifice sleep to use smart phone and their eyes hurt after long use of smart phone.
Pages: 322-329 Monika, Poonam Malik, and Poonam Yadav (Department of Human Development & Family Studies, College…
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