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Pages: 371-375
Razieh Zarepour Nasirabadi (Behavioral Sciences (Preschool Education), Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)
Firouz Rezaian (Behavioral Sciences (Preschool Education), Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)
Jahangir Mehrafsha (Behavioral Sciences (Preschool Education), Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)

The present study is an applied research that has been done by descriptive-correlation method and its purpose was to investigate the relationship between maternal employment and self-sufficiency and self-esteem of third grade elementary school female students in the academic year 2013-2014. The statistical population of the present study included all female students in the third grade of education in Fasa city with an approximate number of 385 people. 145 mothers of these students were somehow employed and based on the Georgian and Morgan sample size determination table, 105 students were selected by two-stage cluster sampling as the sample of this study. After performing and collecting Aiseng self-esteem and Wheeler and Led self-sufficiency questionnaires, the researcher examined the hypotheses using Pearson correlation statistical methods and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS-18 software. Based on the statistical findings, the following results were obtained: 1- There is a significant relationship between mothers 'employment and students' self-sufficiency and self-esteem. 2. Working mothers with more than 15 years of experience, their children reported more self-sufficiency and self-esteem than students whose mothers had less than 15 years of experience. Mothers 'employment and mothers' higher employment history increase the self-sufficiency and self-esteem of third grade female students.

Pages: 371-375Razieh Zarepour Nasirabadi (Behavioral Sciences (Preschool Education), Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan…

Pages: 376-380
Melaku Agmasu (College of social sciences & humanities, department of psychology Injibara University,
Injibara, Ethiopia)

Conducive work environment is one of the fundamental elements of work effectiveness. Therefore, the study aimed toexplore the relation among employs job satisfactions and turnover intentions on academic staff employees of Woldia university .Embedded research design were used. A total of 206 (male=187 and female=19) academic staff employees were taken by stratified sampling from the university and the researcher also used semi-structured interview by selecting long experienced participants purposively to cross check the quantitative result by following qualitative approaches . Using pilot tested standardized scales data were collected. After cleaning the data, analysis were conducted using t-test, one way ANOVA along with descriptive statistical techniques. Results of the study disclosed, the workers job satisfaction has statistically negative correlation (r=-.366, p<0.05. According to the results, there is no statistically difference (t (204) = 9.89979,p<0.05) in the reported levels of turnover intention among male and female academic employees. In the study the finding show that there were no statistically significant difference (t (204) =-1.010, p<0.05)in the reported levels of turnover intention between ages of academic employees. Finding disclosed that there is significance difference in the levels of turnover intention by educational levels . Large scale investigation is recommended for the university to give emphasis in designing long term institutional strategies in order to create work stability.

Pages: 376-380Melaku Agmasu (College of social sciences & humanities, department of psychology Injibara University,Injibara, Ethiopia)

Pages: 381-386
Rajinder Kaur (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)
Vandana Kanwar (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

Interpersonal relations are vital for each family member in a family.In addition, relationships with relatives, elderly people and younger people play a key role in the overall growth of young people.The abilities of an individual influence his social associations with others. Individuals who are very expressive when not receive supportive environment in and outside the family and when they move out of their family and begin associations in society, may show uncooperative and withdrawn behavior. Supportive peer relations can improve student relations and performance (Thomas2012). Keeping in view the role of personality and psycho-social needs of youth the current study was conducted to study the association of personality traits, need for peer support and psychological counseling among youth.The results revealed that the majority of respondents were ambivert followed by introverts and only few respondents were extravertin all years. Year-wise results indicated that students of 1st and 2nd year and 4th year perceived high need for peer support in comparison to the students of 3rd year. Overall association revealed that irrespective type of personality of the respondents, they expressed high need for peer support in comparison to psychological counseling need.

Pages: 381-386Rajinder Kaur (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, Punjab…

Pages: 387-392
Wondwossen Teka (School of Education &Behavioral Sciences, Woldiya University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia)
Dawit Asrat Getahun (Collegeof Education &Behavioral Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia)

The main objective of this study is to assess the effect of using social networking site (Facebook) on the user’s psychosocial wellbeing among preparatory school students. Two hundred sixty six (164 male and 102 female) preparatory school students selected using stratified random sampling technique involved in the study. Five standardized tools (Facebook intensity scale, satisfaction with life scale, depression scale, self-esteem scale and social anxiety scale)were used tocollect data. Data analysis using two way-ANOVA revealed that Facebook user participants had low score in psychosocial wellbeing than their counter parts and female Facebook users were more vulnerable for low psychosocial wellbeing than males. These finding suggest that the government should establish standardized safe Internet use and harm minimization educational program, provide appropriate alternatives, like sport, educational and recreation facilities for adolescents, and researchers should conduct by including more psychosocial variables with better sample size and better study area.

Pages: 387-392Wondwossen Teka (School of Education &Behavioral Sciences, Woldiya University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia)Dawit Asrat Getahun…

Pages: 393-399
Anju (Department of Extension Education and Commnication management I.C College of Home Science. CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)
Rajesh Dahiya (Department of Extension Education and Commnication management I.C College of Home Science. CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

The Rshtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana aims at achiveving 4% annual growth in agriculture sector during eleventh plan period, by ensuring a holistic development of agriculture and allied sectors. Value addition and post harvest interventions also contributes in economic development in agricultural field. Training is the most important input for bringing desirable changes in human behavior in terms of knowledge. Attitude and Skills in which participants are encouraged and motivated. Keeping in mind present study under RKVY project was conducted in Bhiwani and Hisar districts of Haryana. Five days training along intervention was provided in four villages namely Kaimari, Mangali, Rajthal (Hisar district) and Bheni Kungar (Bhiwani) to 120 rural woment by selecting 30 from each village and each training.

Pages: 393-399Anju (Department of Extension Education and Commnication management I.C College of Home Science. CCS…

Pages: 400-405
Parvinder Kaur (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science ,PAU, Ludhiana)
Sarita Saini (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science ,PAU, Ludhiana)

The environment experienced or perceived by students and teachers of an institution is termed as the Learning environment of an institution. It helps in making students’ learning more effective and comfortable. The current study was conducted in the rural and urban areas of Moga and Ludhiana district of Punjab.The aim of the present study was to investigate the difference in the perceptions of males and females regarding their learning environment. With respect to the learning environment, adolescent males as compared to females had better perceptions of their ‘learning’ as well as ‘atmosphere’ of the school and student social self-perceptions. Urban males as compared to their rural counterparts exhibited better perceptions of their ‘learning’, ‘teachers’, and ‘atmosphere’, ‘academic’ as well as social self-perceptions

Pages: 400-405Parvinder Kaur (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science ,PAU…

Pages: 406-410
Parveen Kumar Nimbrayan (Directorate of Human Resource Management, CCS HAU, Hisar,Haryana)
Sumit (Department of Agricultural Economics, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana)
Jitender Kumar Bhatia (Directorate of Human Resource Management, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana)
DalipKumar Bishnoi (Department of Agricultural Economics, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana)
Neeraj Pawar (Department of Agricultural Economics, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana)

The present study is based on cost and returns of Rabi season crops i.e. wheat, mustard, barley, sugarcane and barseemwhich were grown as the major crops in Haryana. Analysis was done on time series data (2007-2019) for which latest data was available in AOW rabi reports. In the present study variable cost of all crops showed increasing trend over the period. The compound annual growth (CAGR) in total cost during studyperiod in wheat, mustard, barley, sugarcane and barseem were found 7.13, 8.32, 8.03, 10.05 and 8.44, respectively. It was recorded highest in case of sugarcane and lowest in case of wheat. The profit from the rabi crop was increased due to continuous hike in MSP of the crops announced by central govt. The compound annual growth (CAGR) in gross returns during period in wheat, mustard, barley, sugarcane and barseem were 6.64, 8.40, 9.62, 10.04 and 9.60, respectively.

Pages: 406-410Parveen Kumar Nimbrayan (Directorate of Human Resource Management, CCS HAU, Hisar,Haryana)Sumit (Department of Agricultural…

Pages: 411-419
Rashmi Sinha (School Of Agri Business & Rural Management, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa ,Samastipur, Bihar)

Management Education became a buzz word in India during 1990s due to the policies adopted by the Indian government promoting the business and economic environment of the country, thereby increasing the demand for the professional management experts. However, it is losing its relevance lately because of compromises made by the management schools/institutes on multiple fronts, which is further deteriorating the quality of education resulting in thousands of students qualify the course but only a handful of them are accepted by the industry. The Present study through a conceptual research framework tries to highlights the areas which need to be addressed immediately for improving the quality of higher education in management.

Pages: 411-419Rashmi Sinha (School Of Agri Business & Rural Management, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural…

Pages: 420-423
Rupjyoti Bhattacharjee (Department of Human Development and Family Studies. College of Community Science, AAU, Jorhat, Aasham)
Arundhati Khound (Department of Human Development and Family Studies. College of Community Science, AAU, Jorhat, Aasham)

Reading is a very good habit that every child needs to develop in order to grow mentally, psychologically and emotionally. Choice of books with proper content benefits the readers in increasing their knowledge, exploration of new ideas and definitely in making the person smarter.The present study aimed at knowing and assessing the reading habits of the teenagersof Jorhat, Assam. The sample consisted of 100 students (50 girls and 50 boys) studying in 8th and 9th standard ranging in age from 14 to 16 years. For the purpose of the study a questionnaire was prepared in order to assess the reading habits of the students and statistical analysis of Z value were calculated to determine the gender differences in preference for book according to various attributes. It was found that although most of therespondents (82%) do not have a habit of regular reading of daily newspapers and magazines, yet some of the respondents (15%) practice it regularly. Eighty per cent of the students responded positively that their reading habits have increased their knowledge remarkably. In Statistically analysis calculated Z value were found higher than table value in case of selection of book by author and type.So gender differences were foundin case of selection of book by author and type and there was no gender difference in selection of book by content and appearance. Attributes considered in this study were selection of book by author,content, appearance and type of book such as science fiction, historical,biography and auto biography.

Pages: 420-423Rupjyoti Bhattacharjee (Department of Human Development and Family Studies. College of Community Science, AAU…

Pages: 424-427
Annu (Department of Human Development and Family Studies , I.C. College of Home Science, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar Haryana)
Bimla Dhanda (Department of Human Development and Family Studies , I.C. College of Home Science, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar Haryana)

Spatial ability is an important in different fields (physics, chemistry and engineering) to accomplish work and resolve problems through visual spatial. The present investigation formulated with the aim of architecture of genetic and environment on spatial reasoning ability of twins. 100 pairs of twins with the age group 6-8 years were selected from Bhiwani and Hisar district from state of Haryana. Thespatial reasoning ability of twins was measured using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children- Revised (WISC-R).Heritability estimate referred to analyze genes expression on spatial reasoning ability of twins. The result stated that the heritability estimates for spatial reasoning ability of twins were ranging from 51-61 percent in Bhiwani and Hisar districts. The correlation coefficient among monozygotic and dizygotic twins for spatial reasoning ability of twins namely: block design and maze was ranging from r=0.42 (Dizygotic twins) to r=0.72 (Mnozygotic twins) in both Bhiwani and Hisar districts The result also revealed that the monozygotic twins were more correlated in spatial reasoning ability as compared to dizygotic twins. The spatial reasoning ability was more influenced by genetic basis as compared to environmental factors.

Pages: 424-427Annu (Department of Human Development and Family Studies , I.C. College of Home Science…

Pages: 428-433
Dhanashree A. Sowani (Jnana Prabodhini's Institute of Psychology, 510, Sadashiv Peth, Pune, Maharashtra)
Anagha Lavalekar (Jnana Prabodhini's Institute of Psychology, 510, Sadashiv Peth, Pune, Maharashtra)

College classroom environment definitely contributes to the Psychological Well-Being of students. College students are in a young adulthood stage when they are somewhat detached from their family. Peers and educational environment contribute more to their Psychological Well-Being. The present study tries to reveal the relation between psychological well-being of college students and dimensions of their college classroom environment. The sample consisted of 433 undergraduate students from various colleges in Pune city studying non-professional courses. There were 245 females and 188 males. Instruments used for this study were Psychological Well-Being scale by Carol Ryff and College Classroom Environment Scales by Winston, et al. Significant correlations were found between overall psychological well-being and all the dimensions of classroom environment. Regression analysis revealed that Cathectic Learning Climate, Inimical Ambiance and Affiliation dimensions together predicted Psychological Well-Being of students significantly of which Inimical Ambiance was a negative predictor.The results point towards significance of social-emotional aspects of college classroom environment which are often ignored. For an effective teaching-learning process, college authorities, professors need to take these finding into consideration. Various activities can be planned to enhance Psychological Well-Being of students at college level.

Pages: 428-433Dhanashree A. Sowani (Jnana Prabodhini’s Institute of Psychology, 510, Sadashiv Peth, Pune, Maharashtra)Anagha Lavalekar…

Pages: 434-440
Anju (I.C. Collage of Home Science,CCSHAU,HISAR Haryana)
Rajesh Dahiya (I.C. Collage of Home Science,CCSHAU,HISAR Haryana)
Ekta (I.C. Collage of Home Science,CCSHAU,HISAR Haryana)

The reality of gender inequality in India is very complex and diversified, because it is present in many ways, many fields and many classes. Fields like education, employment opportunities, where men are always preferred over women. Consider the case – a girl taking admission in mechanical engineering. Doesn’t it sound a bit awkward because it’s always considered a man’s field.Present study was conducted in Hisar district of Haryana state in randomly selected two blocks. Total 180 rural households (i.e. 60 from each small, medium and large land holding category) were taken as sample for present study.The large numbers of females were illiterate in all land holding category. In the small land holding male (1.3%) and female (0.8%) whereas medium and large land holding category fewer higher percentage of male and female post graduate. Only male members (10.0%) were dropout before primary. The reasons of dropoutwas lack of resources male (30.0%) female (8.3%). More numbers of female enrolled in art in small and medium land holding category. Whereas in large land holding category female (29.4%) enrolled in non medical and technical education. And more number of male (33.3%) in small and large (45.0%) enrolled in technical education. In the small land holding category more than half of the male (56.6%) and female (60.3%) enrolled in government school. And the english speaking class join by only large land holding category male (0.9%) and female (1.5%). In the decision making pattern for child education more number of male (75.0%) taken the decision of child education whereas in medium and large land holding category decision taken by both.

Pages: 434-440Anju (I.C. Collage of Home Science,CCSHAU,HISAR Haryana)Rajesh Dahiya (I.C. Collage of Home Science,CCSHAU,HISAR Haryana)Ekta…
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