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Pages: 76-79
Virender Singh and Ashok Kumar (Directorate of Extension Education, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)
Rajesh Kumar (DTPO O/o ADP, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)
Anil Malik (Senior Research Fellow, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)
Ramesh Kumar (KVK Ambala, Haryana)
Ashok Kumar (KVK Mahendergarh, Haryana)

Post-harvest management is the stage of crop production immediately after harvest, including cooling, cleaning, post-harvest treatment, grading, sorting, storage, ripening, packaging, transportation and processing. When mango crop is separated from its parent plant, it begins to deteriorate or ripening becomes fast because mango is a climacteric fruit, i.e., fruit in which a sudden rise in rate of respiration occurs during ripening after harvesting. The most important goals of post-harvest management practices are keeping the product cool, to avoid moisture stress and slow down ripening and undesirable physio-chemical changes, proper grading/sorting, packaging, and avoiding physical damage such as bruising and rupturing of fruit. The unscientific post-harvest handling will result in increased post-harvest loss. Thus, post-harvest management practices are important in minimizing losses, spoilage and cost in transportation earning more profit from processed products and to raise the economic status of the mango growers of Haryana. The present study, Yamunanagar district of Haryana state was selected purposively The objectives of the present study were socio economic status, knowledge, adoption and the constraints in adoption of post-harvest management practices by mango growers. Only Langra, Dasheri and Chausa varieties of mango were adopted. There was no adoption of other recommended varieties. More than half (55.84%) of the farmers fully adopted the artificial method of ripening with calcium carbide. Majority of the respondents adopted semi-ripe stage of fruit, corrugated fiber boxes, shreds of paper as cushioning material and horizontal position of fruits while packaging.
Pages: 76-79 Virender Singh and Ashok Kumar (Directorate of Extension Education, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar…
Pages: 72-75
Sneh Bansal (Chandigarh College of Education, Mohali, Punjab)

Educational Provisions for children with disabilities varies from region to region and from country to country. Although there is widespread support for inclusion at a philosophical level, there are concerns that it is difficult to implement for a number of reasons, including that schools do not know how to do it. For Inclusion to work effectively, there is a need to expand and develop the capacity of schools to respond to diversity among children and to move away from traditional practices to innovative approaches of teaching and learning. Regular classroom teachers and special teachers need to be equipped with more comprehensive knowledge and skills required to cater special educational needs of students with a wider spectrum of disability. The study highlighted on building capacity and enabling the existing institutions already working with children to enhance their competence in handling disabled and non-disabled children in regular schools by using whole school approach to promote education of children with special needs in inclusive setting. In a developing country like India with huge resource crunch, the approach/ strategy implemented in the study has tremendous scope for promoting 'Social Inclusion' in the true sense.
Pages: 72-75 Sneh Bansal (Chandigarh College of Education, Mohali, Punjab)
Pages: 67-71
Rajesh Dahiya and Saroj Yadav (Department of Textile & Apparel Designing, I.C. College of Home Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

The Handloom sector is the second largest employer in India providing employment in tune of 65 lakh persons. The sector represents the continuity of the old age Indian heritage of hand weaving and reflects the socio-cultural tradition of the living communities. There are number of government scheme that provide assistance for this sector in new five-year plans. Self-help groups of women in India have been recognised as an effective strategy for capacity building of rural as well as urban women. Training is a major catalytic Force for argument in human productivity in all states of development. Proper training in Handloom weaving and value addition is needed to take up as an entrepreneurial activity for SHG's. Present study was conducted in Dhangar and Bhingar villages in Fatehabad district of Haryana state. Intervention on handloom weaving was given to twenty-fiveSHG women of each village for 45 days by Weaver Service Centre, Panipat. Five products namely durrie, khes, towel, bed sheet and foot mat were prepared duringthe training period. All respondents (100%) had low knowledge regarding towel weaving followed by bed sheet weaving (92.00%) and durrie weaving (40.00%). For reinforcement and practice adda and raw materials were provided to each centre. Technical know-how was also provided through literature. After completion of intervention, majority of the respondents (52.0%), and 44.0 percent succeeded in gaining high level knowledge in durrie, khes and foot mat weaving. Skill acquisition was found in high category regarding durrie weaving (84%) and stool mat weaving (72.0%). Training impact in terms of knowledge gain, attitudinal change and skill acquisition was found 49.77 percent regarding handloom weaving. Adoption feasibility index was found 82.28 percent on five attributes. Major constraints in adoption of handloom weaving as an entrepreneurial venture perceived by SHGs during training were 'non-co-operation” of SHG members (88.0%) in using resources, “less time allotment” for work on adda (80.0%) and“within group conflicts” reported by 72.0 percent. Self-help group effectiveness index was found 54.45 percent on different traits of SHGs, which speaks of a moderate level functioning.
Pages: 67-71 Rajesh Dahiya and Saroj Yadav (Department of Textile & Apparel Designing, I.C. College of…
Pages: 64-66
Ruchi Payal (National Institute of Education Planning and Administration (NIEPA), Delhi)

This article is analyzing the importance of the availability of adequate resources in the education sector. The New Education Policy in order to tackle problems of multiple- grade teaching, single teacher teaching all the subjects, inadequate resources, problem of governance and management, lack of proper attention, has offered 'School Complexes'. The aim was to make a cluster of one secondary school with all the other grades that are within the radii of five to ten miles, so that they can function as a whole, utilizing each-others resources. It will not require physical relocation of schools but an administrative integration, with each school as a semi-autonomous unit. Although the idea emerged in the Kothari Commission report and experimented with these complexes in various states. The article critically analyzes the results of the earlier school complexes, and what more the New Education Policy offers in the school's complexes than the earlier policies, possible challenges that might come while realizing it and also the scopes of the changes it is capable to bring in rural India.
Pages: 64-66 Ruchi Payal (National Institute of Education Planning and Administration (NIEPA), Delhi)
Pages: 60-63
Reetu Devi (Department of Human Development and Family Studies (HDFS), CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana)
Vijay Kumar (Asstt. Director (Farm Management), ADT/SNIATTE, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana)
Bimla Dhanda (Department of Human Development and Family Studies (HDFS), CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana)

Fluid intelligence refers to abilities those are innate and independent of prior education or experience. Fluid intelligence has been defined as the ability to think logically and solve problems in novel situations, independent of acquired knowledge. The fluid intelligence is general ability to think abstractly, reason, identifying patterns, solving problems and discerns relationships. The present study was conducted in four districts namely; Hisar Fatehabad, Rohtak and Jind of Haryana state with the purpose of availability of maximum numbers of twins in the required age group. A sample of 296 pairs of twins in the age group for the study. Fluid intelligence was taken as dependent variable and socio-economic variable was taken as independent variable. Fluid intelligence was measured with the help of Cattle Culture Fair Intelligence Test (Scale-I and II developed by (Cattell & Cattell, 1959). Scheduled was developed to assess the socio-economic variable of twins. Result revealed that fluid intelligence of twins was significantly associated with father's education (2=10.26*), mother's occupation (2=19.29*) and father's occupation (2=10.44*) of twins but non significantly associated with age (2=0.73), gender (2=1.78), family type (2=1.07) family size (2=8.15), caste (2=8.04), mother's education (2=6.49), family income (2=4.58), and number of sibling (2=3.37).
Pages: 60-63 Reetu Devi (Department of Human Development and Family Studies (HDFS), CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana) Vijay…
Pages: 56-59
M. J. Ravindranath (Senior Specialist & Program Director (Retd.) and Academic Director, Agastya International Foundation, Bangalore)
Vanditha Ravindranath (Finance Professional, Bangalore)

The literature on environment and ecology is replete with articles and essays on human onslaught on environment and the resulting consequences. It is getting more and more glaring that if we do not change our mindsets and lifestyles then the consequent catastrophes cannot be contained. We need to work for a sustainable future by developing in the present and future generations newer vision, perspectives, practices and work culture. Our commitment for a sustainable future should be firmly anchored with a robust education system enabling young minds to develop knowledge and skills to protect, preserve and promote a healthy environment and safety. Green skills leading to green careers and green economy is the call of the present. This paper attempts to present how skilling India with green skills will help her cope with economic slowdown and unemployment without jeopardizing nation's natural environment and resources. More specifically, it focuses on how Green Skills can help protect, preserve and promote India's natural environment with increased productivity. Education, impregnated with Green skills is the only hope to conserve the environment. Imparting Green skills should begin right from the school level. The paper finds its relevance at a time when India is working on a National Education Policy -2019 (NEP, 2019).
Pages: 56-59 M. J. Ravindranath (Senior Specialist & Program Director (Retd.) and Academic Director, Agastya International…
Pages: 49-55
Pinki and Krishna Duhan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. College of Home Science, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana)

Academic stress is mental burden installed onto the student's brain due to excess and unnecessary load of school work and high parental expectations. Academic resilience contextualizes the resilience build and redirects an increased likelihood of educational success despite difficulty, therefore the study was piloted to examine the relationship academic resilience with academic stress. The study was undertaken in Hisar district of Haryana state in rural and urban area. A list of adolescents studying in arts and science stream from XI and XII class was prepared from govt. and private schools of rural and urban area i.e. 100 from rural area and 100 from urban area from thus making a total sample of 200 adolescents. Academic resilience scale by Mallick and Kaur (2015) was used to assess academic resilience and academic stress scale by Rao (2012) was used to assess academic stress of respondents. The finding elucidates that science stream respondents had higher level of academic stress than arts stream respondents and private school respondents also face more academic stress than govt. school respondents. Significant differences found for both govt. and private and arts and science stream respondents. Results regards to academic resilience unveils that science stream respondents had more academic resilience than their counter parts and academic resilience was significantly and negatively correlated with academic stress .
Pages: 49-55 Pinki and Krishna Duhan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. College of…
Pages: 46-48
Mahak and Vinod Kumari (Pt. BD Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana and Department of Sociology, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana)

Aging is a natural phenomenon and is associated with several changes in physical and mental strength along with social changes in the life of a person. With the advancement of age, the elderly people face several health problems due to biological changes in the body. The present paper review health and social problems of aged people under the changing social system. Results of studies point that the elderly suffers from multiple morbidities, which they often attribute to ageing. The social problems faced by elderly are neglect, discrimination, deprivation and sometime violence by family members; social isolation, loneliness and depression due to changing family structures- joint to nuclear family system, migration of young people to cities for better employment opportunities and lack of interest among new generation regarding family values; and lack of resources and support system for aged people. There is urgent need to make efforts to ensure respectful and healthy life of elderly people by providing emotional support from family and society. Social structure should accounts for the needs of the aged as well as their mental health; family members should spend time with them or keep communicating with them through telephone in case they are living away; family members should respect the elderly people, ask them for advices and discuss with them family history and traditions; spread awareness about human rights of elderly people and expansion of call centres and health services to cater specifically to the needs of aged people .
Pages: 46-48 Mahak and Vinod Kumari (Pt. BD Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana and Department of Sociology…
Pages: 43-45
Ashok Kumar (Directorate of Extension Education, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)
P. S. Shehrawat (Department of Extension Education, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)
Anil Malik (Senior Research Fellow, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)
Rajesh Kumar (ATP ADP, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)
K. K. Yadav and Sube Singh (DEE, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)
Rakesh Kumar (ATIC, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

The foremost role of Agriculture Technology Information Centre (ATIC) is to transfer the desired technology to indeed farmers. Transfer of technology can be explained as the movement of relevant technological information from a research station through extension personnel to the clients/end users. ATIC facilitate the sale of seeds, plants, processed product, bio- fertilizers and also helps farmers in problems solving and decision making. The present study was undertaken to assess the awareness and satisfaction level of cotton growers' caller from Hisar and Sirsa district of Haryana about ATIC toll free number of CCS HAU Hisar. The respondents were selected from the list made available by the ATIC using random sampling method. Findings of the study revealed that the 67.50 percent and 47.50 percent of cotton growers' caller of Hisar and Sirsa district were fully aware the day and time of ATIC toll free number of CCSHAU Hisar, respectively. Regarding the overall satisfaction toward ATIC toll free number, 48.75 percent cotton growers caller were satisfied with the purpose of call to ATIC toll free number of CCS HAU Hisar.
Pages: 43-45 Ashok Kumar (Directorate of Extension Education, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana) P. S. Shehrawat…
Pages: 35-42
Amandeep Kaur and Tejpreet Kaur Kang (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

The present study was conducted to assess the 'gender and locale differences in suicidal ideation among adolescents'. The study was based on 240 adolescents (i.e., 120 rural & 120 urban) in the age range of 16-18 years. The sample was randomly drawn from four Government Senior Secondary Schools purposively selected from rural as well as urban areas of Ludhiana district. Suicidal Ideation Scale by Sisodia and Bhatnagar (2016) was used to assess suicidal ideation of the respondents. The scale consists of 25 items related to suicidal ideation. Results revealed significant gender differences in suicidal ideation. Significant locale differences also existed between the adolescents.
Pages: 35-42 Amandeep Kaur and Tejpreet Kaur Kang (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab…
Pages: 28-34
Pinki and Krishna Duhan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. College of Home Science, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana )

Academic resilience is an individual's tendency to endure interest, passion, effort and tenacity toward achieving long-term future goals despite challenges and disappointments. Mental health includes our sensitive, psychological and social well-being. It marks how we think, feel and perform, therefore the study was conducted to assess the academic resilience and mental health of adolescents. The study was undertaken in Hisar district of Haryana state in rural and urban area. A list of adolescents was prepared from rural and urban area i.e. 100 from rural area and 100 from urban area thus making a total sample of 200 adolescents. The sample represents equal number of boys and girls ranging in 16-18 years of age group. Academic resilience scale by Mallick and Kaur (2015) was used to assess academic resilience and mental health inventory by Jagdish and Shrivastva (1983) to assess mental health of respondents. The finding elucidates that irrespective of area of residence male respondents had higher academic resilience than their counterparts. The results further highlighted that urban respondents had better mental health than rural respondents. With regards to gender results depicts that male respondents had better mental health than female respondents. The reason may be that due to high academic resilience in male respondents they have the better mental health. Further results revealed significant differences for both academic resilience and mental health .
Pages: 28-34 Pinki and Krishna Duhan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. College of…
Pages: 25-27
Neenu Poonia, Nisha Arya, and Pooja (Department of Textile and Apparel Designing, Chaudary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

Increasing burden of worldwide global warming and depleting petroleum reserves have made scientists to focus more at the usage of fiber like coir, banana, jute, sisal etc. This has contributed to the development of extra attention on the use of material based on natural fibers. It can lessen the reliance on petroleum resources which causes several environmental problems. These types of fibers are sustainable and biodegradable, thereby reducing the environmental carbon footprint. Banana fiber is a natural fibers finds applications in various fields, from agriculture to automotive. It is used in the development of various types of products such as bag, rope, card age, sanitary napkin etc. Thus, environmental friendly material has gained critical significance because of the need to protect our climate.
Pages: 25-27 Neenu Poonia, Nisha Arya, and Pooja (Department of Textile and Apparel Designing, Chaudary Charan…
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