International Journal of Education and Management Studies (IJEMS) is an indexed, peer-reviewed and refereed journal published quarterly by the Indian Association of Health, Research, and Welfare (IAHRW). International Journal of Education and Management Studies likely aims to promote research and knowledge dissemination in the fields of education and management. Its objectives include fostering academic discussions on innovative teaching methodologies, educational policies, leadership strategies, human resource management, and organizational behavior. The journal focuses on areas such as pedagogy, curriculum development, educational psychology, business management, entrepreneurship, and corporate governance. Its goals are to publish high-quality, peer-reviewed research, encourage interdisciplinary collaboration, and contribute to the practical application of education and management theories for academic and professional growth. The journal is indexed with ProQuest, ProQuest Central, J-Gate, and National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating 4.58. IJEMS is being published regularly since 2011. For more details write to us to iahrw2019@gmail.com
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, Editorial Office: 1245/18, Moh. Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: iahrw2019@gmail.com
Phone: 9255442103, 7988885490
Publisher: IAHRW Publications
ISSN: 2231-5632 (print version)
ISSN: 2321-3671 (electronic version)
Frequency: Quarterly (March, June, September and December)
Indexing: ProQuest, ( ProQuest Central Premium, ProQuest One Academy, ProQuest One Community College ), Index Copernicus International, J-Gate, Questia Library, Technion Israel Institute of Technology Library, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating 4.58
CHIEF EDITOR
Sunil Saini, PhD
ORCHID ID: 0000-0002-5342-3424
Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare, Hisar, Haryana, India
EDITORS
David Bennett, PhD, Charisma University, USA S. C. Kundu, PhD, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar
B.K. Punia, PhD, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar
Mahesh Thakur, PhD, Karve Institute of Social Sciences, Pune
Jaspreet Kaur, PhD, Punjabi University, Patiala
Vandana Punia, PhD, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana
Munish Nagpal, PhD, Deputy Commissioner, Govt of Haryana
Sangeeta Trama, PhD, Punjabi University Patiala
Sandeep Singh, PhD, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana
Email: iahrw2019@gmail.com
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: IAHRW
ISSN: 2231-5632 (print version)
ISSN: 2321-3671 (electronic version)
Frequency: Quarterly
Indexing: ProQuest, ProQuest Central, Index Copernicus International, J-Gate, Questia Library, Technion Israel Institute of Technology Library
Author’s guidelines:
International Journal of Education and Management Studies (IJEMS) is a peer-reviewed research journal published quarterly by Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare. The IJEMS is indexed with ProQuest, J-Gate, etc. The journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of scientific excellence in the area of Education, Psychology and Management Studies and other related fields. IJEMS is published Quarterly (March, June, September and December).
Manuscripts should be submitted in the format outlined in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th edition) and should be sent via email at iahrw2010@gmail.com. The papers are reviewed by professional reviewers who have specialized expertise in the respective area, and to judge the quality of the paper in a time bound and confidential manner. The paper shall be review by double blind review process.
Permission
Authors wishing to include figures, tables, or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and online format and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.
Online Submission
Please follow the hyperlink “Submit online” on the right and upload all of your manuscript files following the instructions given on the screen.
The title page should include:
• The name(s) of the author(s)
• A concise and informative title
• The affiliation(s) and address(es) of the author(s)
• The e-mail address, and telephone number(s) of the corresponding author
Abstract
Please provide an abstract of 150 to 250 words. The abstract should not contain any undefined abbreviations or unspecified references.
Keywords
Please provide 4 to 6 keywords which can be used for indexing purposes.
Main Text
Manuscripts should be submitted in Word.
Tables
Tables should be as per APA format
References
References should be as per APA format as follows
• Journal article
Panda, T., Lamba, V., Goyal, N., Saini, S., Boora, S., Cruz. (2018). Psychometric Testing in Schools. Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing, 8(2), 213–245.
• Article by DOI
Slifka, M. K., & Whitton, J. L. (2000) Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. Journal of Molecular Medicine, doi:10.1007/s001090000086
• Book
Calfee, R. C., & Valencia, R. R. (1991). APA guide to preparing manuscripts for journal publication. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
• Book chapter
O’Neil, J. M., & Egan, J. (1992). Men’s and women’s gender role journeys: Metaphor for healing, transition, and transformation. In B. R. Wainrib (Ed.), Gender issues across the life cycle (pp. 107–123). New York: Springer.
• Online document
Abou-Allaban, Y., Dell, M. L., Greenberg, W., Lomax, J., Peteet, J., Torres, M., & Cowell, V. (2006). Religious/spiritual commitments and psychiatric practice. Resource document. American Psychiatric Association.
https://web.archive.org/web/20100308014645/http://www.psych.org:80/edu/other_res/lib_archives/archives/200604.pdf. Accessed 25 June 2007.
Copyright form
Authors will be asked to transfer copyright of the article to the Publisher (or grant the Publisher exclusive publication and dissemination rights). This will ensure the widest possible protection and dissemination of information under copyright laws.
Proof reading
The purpose of the proof is to check for typesetting or conversion errors and the completeness and accuracy of the text, tables and figures. Substantial changes in content, e.g., new results, corrected values, title and authorship, are not allowed without the approval of the Editor. After online publication, further changes can only be made in the form of an Erratum, which will be hyperlinked to the article.
Ethical Guidelines for the author
• Authors should adhere to publication requirements that submitted work is original and has not been published elsewhere in any language. Work should not be submitted concurrently to more than one publication unless the editors have agreed to co-publication. If articles are co-published this fact should be made clear to readers.
• Copyright material (e.g. tables, figures or extensive quotations) should be reproduced only with appropriate permission and acknowledgement.
• Relevant previous work and publications, both by other researchers and the authors’ own, should be properly acknowledged and referenced.
• Data, text, figures or ideas originated by other researchers should be properly acknowledged and should not be presented as if they were the authors’ own
• All sources of research funding, including direct and indirect financial support, supply of equipment or materials, and other support (such as specialist statistical or writing assistance) should be disclosed.
• Authors should disclose the role of the research funder(s) or sponsor (if any) in the research design, execution, analysis, interpretation and reporting
• The research literature serves as a record not only of what has been discovered but also of who made the discovery. The authorship of research publications should therefore accurately reflect individuals’ contributions to the work and its reporting.
• In cases where major contributors are listed as authors while those who made less substantial, or purely technical, contributions to the research or to the publication are listed in an acknowledgement section, the criteria for authorship and acknowledgement should be agreed at the start of the project.
• Researchers should ensure that only those individuals who meet authorship criteria (i.e. made a substantial contribution to the work) are rewarded with authorship and that deserving authors are not omitted. Institutions and journal editors should encourage practices that prevent guest, gift, and ghost authorship.
• All authors should agree to be listed and should approve the submitted and accepted versions of the publication. Any change to the author list should be approved by all authors including any who have been removed from the list. The corresponding author should act as a point of contact between the editor and the other authors and should keep co-authors informed and involve them in major decisions about the publication (e.g. responding to reviewers’ comments).
• Authors should work with the editor or publisher to correct their work promptly if errors or omissions are discovered after publication.
• Authors should abide by relevant conventions, requirements, and regulations to make materials, reagents, software or datasets available to other researchers who request them. Researchers, institutions, and funders should have clear policies for handling such requests. Authors must also follow relevant journal standards. While proper acknowledgement is expected, researchers should not demand authorship as a condition for sharing materials.
• Authors should follow publishers’ requirements that work is not submitted to more than one publication for consideration at the same time.
• Authors should inform the editor if they withdraw their work from review, or choose not to respond to reviewer comments after receiving a conditional acceptance.
• Authors should respond to reviewers’ comments in a professional and timely manner.
• Appropriate approval, licensing or registration should be obtained before the research begins and details should be provided in the report (e.g. Institutional Review Board, Research Ethics Committee approval, national licensing authorities for the use of animals).
• If requested by editors, authors should supply evidence that reported research received the appropriate approval and was carried out ethically (e.g. copies of approvals, licences, participant consent forms).
• Researchers should not generally publish or share identifiable individual data collected in the course of research without specific consent from the individual (or their representative). Researchers should remember that many scholarly journals are now freely available on the internet, and should therefore be mindful of the risk of causing danger or upset to unintended readers (e.g. research participants or their families who recognise themselves from case studies, descriptions, images or pedigrees).
• The appropriate statistical analyses should be determined at the start of the study and a data analysis plan for the prespecified outcomes should be prepared and followed.
• Researchers should publish all meaningful research results that might contribute to understanding. In particular, there is an ethical responsibility to publish the findings of all clinical trials. The publication of unsuccessful studies or experiments that reject a hypothesis may help prevent others from wasting time and resources on similar projects. If findings from small studies and those that fail to reach statistically significant results can be combined to produce more useful information (e.g. by meta-analysis) then such findings should be published.
• Authors should supply research protocols to journal editors if requested (e.g. for clinical trials) so that reviewers and editors can compare the research report to the protocol to check that it was carried out as planned and that no relevant details have been omitted. Researchers should follow relevant requirements for clinical trial registration and should include the trial registration number in all publications arising from the trial.
Plagiarism
The acceptance rate depends on the below 10% plagiarism (Turnitin Software) and reviewers’ feedback and recommendations.
AI-Generated Content Policy
The Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing follows ethical publishing standards and may have specific policies regarding the use of AI in research and writing. Authors are expected to disclose the use of AI tools in manuscript preparation, ensuring that AI-generated content does not compromise originality, accuracy, or ethical integrity. For precise guidelines, it is recommended to refer to the journal’s official policy. The AI content by Turnitin should be below 15%
Retraction, Correction, and Expression of Concern Policy
The Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing (IJHW) is committed to maintaining the integrity of the scholarly record. The journal follows the principles and recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) in handling corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions.
Corrections (Erratum/Corrigendum)
A correction may be issued when a published article contains significant errors that affect the accuracy, indexing, interpretation, or reputation of the publication but do not invalidate the study’s findings. Corrections may be initiated by authors, editors, or readers.
• An Erratum is issued when the error originates from the journal or publisher.
• A Corrigendum is issued when the error originates from the author(s).
• All corrections will be linked electronically to the original article and clearly identify the changes made.
Expression of Concern
The Editor-in-Chief may publish an Expression of Concern when substantial doubts arise regarding the integrity, reliability, ethical compliance, or authorship of a published article, and an investigation is ongoing. The notice will remain associated with the article until a final decision is reached.
Retraction Policy
Articles may be retracted if:
• There is clear evidence that findings are unreliable due to misconduct or honest error.
• The work constitutes plagiarism, duplicate publication, or redundant publication.
• Data fabrication, falsification, image manipulation, or unethical research practices are identified.
• Serious violations of publication ethics are confirmed.
Retraction Procedure
- Allegations may be submitted by authors, reviewers, readers, institutions, or third parties.
- The editorial office will conduct a preliminary assessment.
- Authors will be contacted and provided an opportunity to respond.
- Where necessary, the journal may seek clarification from the affiliated institution or ethics committee.
- The Editor-in-Chief, in consultation with the Editorial Board, will make the final decision.
- Retracted articles will remain accessible to preserve the scholarly record but will be clearly marked as “Retracted.”
- A retraction notice stating the reason for retraction will be published and linked to the original article.
Appeals
Authors may appeal editorial decisions regarding corrections, expressions of concern, or retractions by submitting a written explanation and supporting documentation to the Editor-in-Chief. Appeals will be reviewed independently, and the final decision of the Editorial Board shall be binding. The journal reserves the right to update published content when necessary to protect the integrity of the scientific record and the interests of readers, researchers, and the public.
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, Editorial Office: 1245/18, Moh. Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: iahrw2019@gmail.com,
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: IAHRW
ISSN: 2231-5632 (print version)
ISSN: 2321-3671 (electronic version)
Frequency: Quarterly
Indexing: ProQuest, ProQuest Central, J-Gate, Questia Library, Technion Israel Institute of Technology Library
Peer Review
All content of the International Journal of Education and Management Studies is subject to peer-review. The Editor first checks and evaluates the submitted manuscript, examining its fit and quality regarding its significance, manuscript format, research quality. If it is suitable for potential pubication, the Editor directs the manuscript for Plagiarism check, and the minimum similarity acceptable is below 20% without references. After that, editor directs the manuscript to two reviewers, with both being experts in the field. This journal employs double-blind review, wehre the author and referee remains anonymous througout the process. Referees are asked to avaluate whetehr the manuscript is original, makes a theoretical contribution to the study, methodoogy is sound, follos appropriate ethical guidelines, whether the results are clearly presented and sufficient supporting studies are given and support the conclusion. The time for evaluation is approximately one month. The Editor’s decision will be sent to the author with recommendations made by the referees. Revised manuscripts might be returned to the initial referees who may then request another revision of the manuscript. After both reviewer’s feedback, the Editor decides if the manuscript will be rejected, accepted with revision needed or accepted for publication. The Editor’s decision is final. Regerees advise the Editor, who is responsible for the final decision to accept or reject the article.
Compaint policy
We ain to respond to and resolve all complaints quickly. All complaints will be acknowledged within a week. For all matters related to the policies, procedures, editorial content, and actions of the editorial staff, the decision of the Editor-in-Chief shall be final. The procedure to make a complaint is easy. It can be made by writing an email to editor: iahrw@iahrw.org
Confict of Interest Policy
Transparency and objectiity in research are essential for publication in this journal. These principles are strictily followed in our peer review process and decision of publication. Manuscript submissions are assigned to reviewers in an effort to minimize potential conflicts of interest. After papers are assigned, individual reviewers are required to inform the editor-in-chief of any conflict.
Manuscript Evaluation and Peer Review Process
1. Initial Manuscript Evaluation
All submitted manuscripts undergo an initial editorial screening to assess their relevance to the journal’s scope, originality, scientific quality, ethical compliance, adherence to submission guidelines, and overall suitability for peer review.
2. Number of Referees Assigned
Manuscripts that successfully pass the initial evaluation are typically sent to two independent expert reviewers for double-blind peer review. In cases of conflicting recommendations, a third reviewer may be invited.
3. Delivery of Peer Review Feedback
Reviewer comments and recommendations are communicated to the corresponding author through the journal’s editorial system or email. Anonymous reviewer reports are provided along with editorial guidance for revision, where applicable.
4. Typical Length of Peer Review
The peer review process generally takes 4–8 weeks, depending on reviewer availability, the complexity of the manuscript, and the timeliness of responses.
5. Handling of Revise and Resubmit Requests
Authors receiving a revision decision are requested to submit a revised manuscript along with a detailed point-by-point response to reviewers’ comments within the specified timeframe. Revised submissions may be returned to the original reviewers for further evaluation when necessary.
6. Editorial Decisions
Based on reviewers’ recommendations and editorial assessment, one of the following decisions may be communicated to the author:
- Accept without Revision
- Accept with Minor Revisions
- Major Revisions Required
- Revise and Resubmit for Further Review
- Reject
The final decision is made by the Editor-in-Chief or the Editorial Board and is communicated to the corresponding author through email along with the relevant comments and recommendations.
Pages: 441-443 India has currently become grey country with highest population of the aged in the world after China. Aging is natural process, despite discarding, elderly also required respect and attention equally like others. The current study examined the relationship between social adjustments with personal variables between the age group of 60-75 years. Haryana and Rajasthan two state were selected for sampling process. Social adjustment scale developed by Sisodia (2008) was used to assess most important aspect of life i.e. social adjustment. Results of correlations, analyses disclosed that family aspects of social adjustment was found to be positively and significantly correlated with age, marital status, and level of dependency. Further results highlighted that finance aspects of social adjustment is positively correlated with type of family and level of dependency. Pages: 441-443Pinki Ninaniya (Department of Human Development & Family Studies,CCS Haryana Agriculture University, Hisar, Haryana)Sheela… |
Pages: 444-446 The present study was conducted in Kanpur city, of Uttar Pradesh State. The purpose of the study was to know the familial perception towards for improving quality of their elderly parents. Four wards were selected randomly for the study. Self structured Interview Schedule for family Cohesion, communication and adaptability was used towards their aged elderly parents which consisted of both open ended and closed ended questions. A total of 150 family members were interviewed in which maximum 137 were children and rest 13 were daughter in law of aged elderly. The data was analyzed in terms of frequency and percentage. The study found that for majority of the respondents ability to enjoy present activities without comparing the past was one of the most indicator of good adjustment and wish for things to be the same as they were younger and resist to any changes was poor adjustment characteristics for most of the respondents. Pages: 444-446Shabnam Ansari (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, Punjab… |
Pages: 447-451 The last two decades in India, many changes occurred in information technology. The use of the Internet has greatly increased in daily lives, as much aswe cannot even think living without the Internet. It is bridging the gap between people. Information and communication technology has spread to all aspects of the social life. Now the Social Networking Sites (SNS) have become a major part in human life. This new technology has been adopted by most of the youth and especially by the students. Nowadays every student is creating his public profile on these sites, as that is the real world. It is important to understandthat for what purpose and for what special reasons younger aged people are consuming much of their time on this virtual platform. The Results of the research has shown that the students are using these sites not for educational or discussions but for mere entertainment. Pages: 447-451Pushpinder Singh (Department of Sociology, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab)Kirandeep Kaur (Department of… |
Pages: 452-456 The study examined the emotional intelligence and social maturity among intellectually gifted adolescents. The sample in the study was 100 (50 male, 50 female) +1 school students of Moga district were selected randomly. Emotional Intelligence Inventory by S.K. Mangal (2004), R.B.Cattell and A.K.S.Cattell’s (1949) Culture Fair test of intelligence scale III, formA and Social Maturity Scale by Nalini Rao(2002) tools were used. Mean, SD, t test, Pearson’ r were used to analyses the data. The results revealed intellectuallygifted male and female adolescents do not differ on emotional intelligence. There is no significant relationship between emotional intelligence and social maturity of intellectually gifted adolescents, male adolescents and female adolescents. Pages: 452-456Brinderdeep Kaur (Department of Education & Community Services, Punjabi University Patiala, Punjab) |
Pages: 457-462 The Young adulthood is period of adjustments towards new patterns of life and new social expectations. This period is generally characterized as period of settling-down, reproductive problem and creative age.period of emotional tension, social isolation and dependency and time of commitments, period of value change, and adjustments to new lifestyles, These new adjustments of life cycle make early adulthood a distinctive long-lasting effect on lives of young adults. Pages: 457-462Ruchi Singh (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, GBPUAT… |
Pages: 463-465 The present study was conducted in Kanpur city, of Uttar Pradesh State. The purpose of the study was to know the children attitude towards reasons of their aged parental stress and its management. Four wards were selected randomly for the study. Self structured Interview Schedule was used for assessing attitude towards their aged elderly parents which consisted of both open ended and closed ended questions. A total of 150 family members were interviewed in which maximum 137 were children and rest 13 were daughter in law of aged elderly. The data was analyzed in terms of frequency and percentage. The study found that majority (78%) of the children reported that the main cause of stress in their aged parents was economic hardship and maximum (70.66%) suggested that positive thinking, such as accepting the changes, appreciating one's achievements and strengths was effective stress management strategy for aged elderly. Pages: 463-465Shabnam Ansari (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, Punjab… |
Pages: 466-470 Financial Technology or what is popularly called FinTech has been revolutionizing financial markets and its related activities. In recent times, there is not much fuss about doing financial trading or banking activities. Thanks to technology. FinTech has leveraged many innovations in the financial sectors from Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data, Robo -Advisories, Peer-to-Peer Lending, digital Payments, Blockchain, etc., and are in the forefront of tech disruptions spoken widely today. There are many business models like alternative credit scoring and tech startups that are reforming the financial industry throughout the world. Collaborating technology and finance is a great way to do business for streamlining finesse services to the customers. This paper reviews the evolution of FinTech and future prospects it hold for the world. It also discusses the various FinTech innovations, FinTech business models, and some of the related startups that are vanguards in theirfield. Pages: 466-470S. SOWMIYAA (Department of Agricultural and Rural Management Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore)S. MOGHANA… |
Pages: 471-473 The "lifestyle" plan, as the seventh recommendation of Ayatollah Ali Khamenei in the second step of the revolution's statement, was markedly different from other recommendations; it did not provide a detailed description like the preceding paragraphs, and only the dangers and damages of promoting Western lifestyle and the necessity of confrontation. , All-round and clever. They postpone this recommendation because "there is a lot to be said" about this opportunity. Therefore, it seems that discussion and debate on this pathology should be prioritized and useful discussions should be initiated by examining the discussions on the Iranian Islamic lifestyle in the thoughts and expressions of the leader of the Islamic Revolution. This article will review this issue. Pages: 471-473Mehrjoyan Neda (Department of Physical Education and sports sciences, Khozestan Branch, Technical and Vocational… |
Pages: 474-478 This book is designed to educate special Children in USA and England. The author points out many important points of children with disabilities/disorders and their education in UAS and England The course of all contents in the book sets the brief to the readers the methods and strategies of identification and classification, intervention and teaching approaches of special children. The reviewer is highly interested to review this book to add some concepts and ideas to his existing knowledge and experiences in the area of special Needs Education to provide consultancy services for teachers and parents in educating special children in an inclusive education setting in Ethiopia. Therefore, the reviewer decides to review this book to apply the USA’s and England’s experiences to Ethiopian inclusive schooling. Pages: 474-478Michale Farrell (Department of Psychology, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia)Mulat Alebachew (Department of Psychology, Bahir… |
Pages: 210-217 This review investigated the role of personality traits in promoting and sustaining motivation. The review consists of twenty- two empirical papers dealing with Big Five Personality traits and their effect on academic motivation. Findings show Conscientiousness and Neuroticism were most influential traits though the latter had negative influence. Other three traits were mostly positively associated with academic motivation. Self-report measures used may provide biased results as children cover their negative traits. Except one or two studies others did not explore the sub dimensions of motivation. Review highlights the importance of personality traits and their influence in attaining academic success. Pages: 210-217Ranita Banerjee and Santoshi Halder (Department of Education, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal) |
Pages: 218-222 Test anxiety, a form of anxiety expressed before, during or after the tests, is one of the factors linked to academic achievement of students. Test anxiety differs across various demographic variables such as gender, age, and year of study. These demographic variables are also related to the academic achievement of students. In this study we assessed the level of student's test anxiety of psychology undergraduates and also investigates the relationship of academic achievement with respect to test anxiety and demographic variables with the use of multiple regression analysis. We use the data collected from psychology undergraduates studying in various private colleges of Kathmandu, Nepal. Altogether 382 students participated in this study. The Westside Test Anxiety Scale (Driscoll, 2007) was used to measure test anxiety level of students and the self-reported Grade Point Average (GPA) as an indicator of academic achievement. The results showed that (about 43% students) experienced moderate to extremely high test anxiety. Gender and the year of study were significant factors in test anxiety difference while age and life goal relation (to career choice) did not. Approximately 14% variance in academic achievement can be attributed to test anxiety and selected demographic variables (gender, age and year of study). Pages: 218-222Khem Raj Bhatta and Bijay Rai (Central Department of Psychology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal) |
Pages: 223-225 Thomas Cook, British travel group faced serious setback and were forced to file bankruptcy. Nobody ever thought that such a renowned company will confront disgraceful shocking fate. There are multiple factors that contributed to closure of venerable veteran business. Uncertainty of weather, high-strung competition from online travel agents and low-cost airlines, self-reliance of customers in ticket booking and hotel reservation, geopolitical tensions in the world, prolonged Brexit impasse and ongoing trade war made a deleterious blow to the business. Thomas Cook tried to restructure its business process and revive the moribund status but cash strapped company could not salvage its reputation in competitive business world. It was tragic for 178 years old illustrious British travel company to shut down its operation when it failed to garner emergency funding of $249 million. This distressing inability of debtridden UK based iconic travel company resulted in tremendous loss of shareholders, joblessness of 22,000 people and sudden uncertainty of service for 600,000 travelers in September 2019. Lack of foresightedness, failure to gauge the change in market dynamics, inability to perceive customer preference. indifference towards market trend pursued by competitors and laggardness in catching up with new technology caused the downfall and demise of century old travel giant. Pages: 223-225Subhendu Bhattacharya and Sona Raghuvanshi (Amity Global Business School, Mumbai, Mumbai, Maharashtra) |
