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Pages: 1-6
Rajinder Kaur (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)
Seema Sharma (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)
Tejpreet K. Kang (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

Structured peer support system can offer an effective way of supporting the newly admitted students to adjust well at the university level. Structured peer support assists them to learn and grow together instead of one helping the other with a focus on community and relationship. Therefore, the present study was designed to assess the need of a structured peer support system for university students of Punjab. The sample comprised of 480 students from science stream studying in the 1st and 2nd year of undergraduate programmes drawn randomly from three purposively selected government universities of Punjab state, i.e., Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar (GNDU); Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (PAU) and Punjabi University, Patiala (PUP). A self structured questionnaire was administered to collect the information regarding the aspects related to the need for a structured peer support system in the university students. The results of the study illustrated that majority of the students from selected universities perceived high need of a structured peer support system. Furthermore, major proportion of 1st year students from GNDU and 2nd year students from PAU and PUP reported high need of structured support in emotional and academic sphere of a structured peer support system. Statistically significant differences were found in the 'social sphere' dimension of need of a structured peer support system and overall need of a structured peer support system among students from selected government universities.

Pages: 1-6Rajinder Kaur (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, Punjab…

Pages: 330-335
Neda Mehrjoyan (Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Khozestan Branch, Technical and vocational universithy (TVU), Khozestan, Iran)

The present study was conducted to determine the success rate of leadership styles in predicting the creativity and work creativity of physical education teachers in Khuzestan province. The present study is descriptive and correlational. While the present study is a kind of applied research. The method of data collection is through a questionnaire. Using simple random cluster sampling, the statistical sample of the present study is identified, and in a suitable situation, the research questionnaire is delivered to them to collect information. The present study population includes all official physical education teachers in Khuzestan province in 2016. whose number is 245 (131 men & 114 women) according to the published statistics of the education Organization of the province. According to Morgan's table, the desired sample number is 152 people.

Pages: 330-335Neda Mehrjoyan (Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Khozestan Branch, Technical and vocational…

Pages: 336-341
Kulsum Kidwai (Centre for Early Childhood Development & Research Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi)

Play is children's natural tendency and widely regarded a rich context for their learning and development. The importance of play as the basis for learning and education has been well highlighted in different policy documents and curriculum frameworks in India and worldwide. However, in the actual educational setup, emphasis is given on rote learning and subject based information, and play has been neglected and often discarded. This paper presents the preschool educators’ views about the concept of play and its use as a learning tool in Early Childhood Education programmes. A total of 27 educators from seven private preschools and seven ICDS Anganwadi centres were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule and their classes were observed. Interview findings revealed that educators understood play as a source of enjoyment, physical activeness, and a free choice activity. They regarded play as an important childhood activity, but underestimated its contribution in promoting child development and learning. Educators from both settings lack understanding of play based learning. They indicated that they viewed play activities organized by their own selves as leading to learning. Findings suggested that although the educators understood the importance of play, formal structured activities were preferred as well as considered more important. The observation data supported the interview findings and reflected minimal and no use of play based learning. And children’s free choice activities were only allotted for relaxation between formal activities. The concept of playful learning was found missing. This paper will be helpful in assisting education officers in planning and implementing training programmes for preschool educators that are child appropriate and playful. The basic implication of the paper is to give play its central role in children’s learning programmmes and granting young children their right to playful learning and be free from academic pressure.

Pages: 336-341Kulsum Kidwai (Centre for Early Childhood Development & Research Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi)

Pages: 342-345
Rajesh Dahiya (Department of Textile and Apparel Designing I.C. College of Home Science, CCS, Hisar, Haryana)
Saroj Yadav (Department of Textile and Apparel Designing I.C. College of Home Science, CCS, Hisar, Haryana)

Indian handloom sector of the textile industry is ancient and has served the economy well in terms of employment. The relevance of handloom sector in agrarian economy is massive because of its linkage with crucial and sensitive sector like agriculture. Lack of adequate market outlets dampens the enthusiasm of artisans who need to help in terms of product design, value addition and prevalent styles. Present study was aimed to provide knowledge and skill about value addition in handloom weaving to increase market avenues. Trainings were imparted to fifty women of self help groups who were already engaged in durrie weaving. Overall training effectiveness index was found 80.21 percent, while highest in embellished bags i.e. 94.66 percent. Perceived feasibility of value addition in weaving was observed highest for cultural compatibility and physical compatibility 93.33 percent, the overall PAFI was 89.87 percent. Significant difference was observed in self confidence 4.12*, managerial ability 2.68 and motivation 4.06. Adoption level and purpose of adoption indicated that 50.00 percent respondents adopted for household purpose and 18.00 percent as income generating activity.

Pages: 342-345Rajesh Dahiya (Department of Textile and Apparel Designing I.C. College of Home Science, CCS…

Pages: 346-350
Abdul Aziz Nomani (Department of Islamic Culture, Faculty of Islamic Studies Herat University, Herat, Afghanistan)
Said Jawid Hosaini (Department of Islamic Culture, Faculty of Islamic Studies Herat University, Herat, Afghanistan)

Productive lending is one of the most prosperous types of banking and financial institutions. Productive loans refer to loans that individuals or legal entities receive from banks to invest and economic growth in exchange for a certain percentage payment, thus it is while all Muslims know that usury is one of the most severe religious prohibitions and carries the heaviest ugly punishments of the Hereafter. Producers of productive loans, by raising some doubts, pretend to their customers that productive loans promoted by banks are a new phenomenon born of the Western civilization and do not include Muharram usury in religious texts. The purpose of this article is to investigate and find the correct and scientific answer to the doubts about the non-usury of productive loans. Applied research on the concept of usury in the Holy Quran shows that manufactured usury is included in the absolute concept of forbidden usury and there are no exceptions in the field and according to the authentic hadiths, the prohibition of usury in the sale and the multiplicity of usury are clear reasons for the illegality of productive usury. As historically the promotion of commercial usury in the famous civilizations of the world and at the same time with the revelation of the Holy Quran, we can reject the suspicion that the productive loans are new and have no historical reason. The results of the works on productive loans and the views of reputable jurisprudential societies are other clear reasons for the illegality of productive usury. Relying on the use of authoritative jurisprudential books of early and contemporary scholars and field questions is the method of this research.
Keywords: Usury, loan, depreciation, productive, bank.

Pages: 346-350Abdul Aziz Nomani (Department of Islamic Culture, Faculty of Islamic Studies Herat University, Herat…

Pages: 351-353
Augustine R (Consultant (Centre for Innovation & Agriprenerurship), National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management (MANAGE), Hyderabad. Telangana)

Entrepreneurship is a gateway of creativity andinnovation, employment and economic growth, which remains as a key platform for educated and unemployed youths. The combination of entrepreneurship with creativity and innovation is well established and the specific details and relations remain unsolved due to the change in business magnitude and its unsubstantiated models. This paper explores the dimensions of entrepreneurship and its strategies, which remains a strong force in the venture ecosystem.

Pages: 351-353Augustine R (Consultant (Centre for Innovation & Agriprenerurship), National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management…

Pages: 354-359
Saroj Yadav (Department of Textile and Apparel Designing, I.C. College of Home Science, CCS HAU, Hisar)
Neelam M. Rose (Department of Textile and Apparel Designing, I.C. College of Home Science, CCS HAU, Hisar)

India has always been known as the land that portrays cultural and traditional vibrancy through its conventional arts and crafts. Each state of India has its own traditional craft. Due to modernization, a lot of crafts are slowly getting lost in the history. But the love for craft, design and tradition can help the revival of traditional Indian crafts. The present research was aimed to preparescreen printed productsusing innovative designs created from traditional Haryanadurriemotifs. Market potential, acceptability,potential market outlets and tentative price range of developed products were assessed. For this purpose two hundred forty respondents were selected randomly. The average weighted mean score above 2.33 indicated that the developed screen printed cushion covers, sofa back covers and tote bagshave good market potentials. The potential market outlets suggested by the respondents werelocal market (93.70%),handicraft shops (85.70%), Khadi India shops (72.90%),fairs (79.10%), home textile showrooms (70.80%) and gift shops (56.66%).The suggested tentative price for cushion covers was Rs. 1200/-, for sofa back cover Rs. 800/- and for tote bag Rs. 350/-. Significant gain in knowledge of respondents was found after imparting training on development of screen printed products.

Pages: 354-359Saroj Yadav (Department of Textile and Apparel Designing, I.C. College of Home Science, CCS…

Pages: 360-370
Bitew Atnaf (Department of Special Needs and Inclusive Education, Bahir Dar University,Ethiopia)

This study focuses on investigation of the general education primary schools in-service teachers’ level of knowledge of inclusive pedagogy (IP) and factors that affect this variable. To achieve the above objectives, the researcher used embedded concurrent mixed methods research design: cross-sectional survey and case study methods. Moreover, knowledge of IP questionnaire (KIPQ), document analysis and interview guides were used to collect the data. To collect the quantitative data, 146 participants were selected through stratified simple random sampling from four purposely selected primary schools which were found in South Wollo Zone, Ethiopia. Additionally eight teachers and two principals were selected purposely from these schools for in-depth interview. The data were also collected from a module used in training of in-service teachers for inclusive education. The result of the study indicated that the study participants had marginal level of knowledge of IP (M = 2.44, SD= 0.85)and neutral attitude towards inclusive education (M= 3.14, SD=1.24). This result mainly attributed to the participants’ inadequate training on knowledge of IP and lack of teaching materials and facilities that foster the development of the IP, lack of familiarity with students with special needs and characteristics. The study result implies that these teachers could not meet diverse students’ needs because of their lack of knowledge IP and unwilling to include and use creativity to meet the students’ needs. This in turn may lead them to use traditional teaching method that marginalizes students with special educational needs. Finally, implications for in-service teachers’ training for quality IP and positive attitude are discussed based on the findings of the study.

Pages: 360-370Bitew Atnaf (Department of Special Needs and Inclusive Education, Bahir Dar University,Ethiopia)

Pages: 371-375
Razieh Zarepour Nasirabadi (Behavioral Sciences (Preschool Education), Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)
Firouz Rezaian (Behavioral Sciences (Preschool Education), Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)
Jahangir Mehrafsha (Behavioral Sciences (Preschool Education), Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)

The present study is an applied research that has been done by descriptive-correlation method and its purpose was to investigate the relationship between maternal employment and self-sufficiency and self-esteem of third grade elementary school female students in the academic year 2013-2014. The statistical population of the present study included all female students in the third grade of education in Fasa city with an approximate number of 385 people. 145 mothers of these students were somehow employed and based on the Georgian and Morgan sample size determination table, 105 students were selected by two-stage cluster sampling as the sample of this study. After performing and collecting Aiseng self-esteem and Wheeler and Led self-sufficiency questionnaires, the researcher examined the hypotheses using Pearson correlation statistical methods and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS-18 software. Based on the statistical findings, the following results were obtained: 1- There is a significant relationship between mothers 'employment and students' self-sufficiency and self-esteem. 2. Working mothers with more than 15 years of experience, their children reported more self-sufficiency and self-esteem than students whose mothers had less than 15 years of experience. Mothers 'employment and mothers' higher employment history increase the self-sufficiency and self-esteem of third grade female students.

Pages: 371-375Razieh Zarepour Nasirabadi (Behavioral Sciences (Preschool Education), Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan…

Pages: 376-380
Melaku Agmasu (College of social sciences & humanities, department of psychology Injibara University,
Injibara, Ethiopia)

Conducive work environment is one of the fundamental elements of work effectiveness. Therefore, the study aimed toexplore the relation among employs job satisfactions and turnover intentions on academic staff employees of Woldia university .Embedded research design were used. A total of 206 (male=187 and female=19) academic staff employees were taken by stratified sampling from the university and the researcher also used semi-structured interview by selecting long experienced participants purposively to cross check the quantitative result by following qualitative approaches . Using pilot tested standardized scales data were collected. After cleaning the data, analysis were conducted using t-test, one way ANOVA along with descriptive statistical techniques. Results of the study disclosed, the workers job satisfaction has statistically negative correlation (r=-.366, p<0.05. According to the results, there is no statistically difference (t (204) = 9.89979,p<0.05) in the reported levels of turnover intention among male and female academic employees. In the study the finding show that there were no statistically significant difference (t (204) =-1.010, p<0.05)in the reported levels of turnover intention between ages of academic employees. Finding disclosed that there is significance difference in the levels of turnover intention by educational levels . Large scale investigation is recommended for the university to give emphasis in designing long term institutional strategies in order to create work stability.

Pages: 376-380Melaku Agmasu (College of social sciences & humanities, department of psychology Injibara University,Injibara, Ethiopia)

Pages: 381-386
Rajinder Kaur (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)
Vandana Kanwar (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

Interpersonal relations are vital for each family member in a family.In addition, relationships with relatives, elderly people and younger people play a key role in the overall growth of young people.The abilities of an individual influence his social associations with others. Individuals who are very expressive when not receive supportive environment in and outside the family and when they move out of their family and begin associations in society, may show uncooperative and withdrawn behavior. Supportive peer relations can improve student relations and performance (Thomas2012). Keeping in view the role of personality and psycho-social needs of youth the current study was conducted to study the association of personality traits, need for peer support and psychological counseling among youth.The results revealed that the majority of respondents were ambivert followed by introverts and only few respondents were extravertin all years. Year-wise results indicated that students of 1st and 2nd year and 4th year perceived high need for peer support in comparison to the students of 3rd year. Overall association revealed that irrespective type of personality of the respondents, they expressed high need for peer support in comparison to psychological counseling need.

Pages: 381-386Rajinder Kaur (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, Punjab…

Pages: 387-392
Wondwossen Teka (School of Education &Behavioral Sciences, Woldiya University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia)
Dawit Asrat Getahun (Collegeof Education &Behavioral Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia)

The main objective of this study is to assess the effect of using social networking site (Facebook) on the user’s psychosocial wellbeing among preparatory school students. Two hundred sixty six (164 male and 102 female) preparatory school students selected using stratified random sampling technique involved in the study. Five standardized tools (Facebook intensity scale, satisfaction with life scale, depression scale, self-esteem scale and social anxiety scale)were used tocollect data. Data analysis using two way-ANOVA revealed that Facebook user participants had low score in psychosocial wellbeing than their counter parts and female Facebook users were more vulnerable for low psychosocial wellbeing than males. These finding suggest that the government should establish standardized safe Internet use and harm minimization educational program, provide appropriate alternatives, like sport, educational and recreation facilities for adolescents, and researchers should conduct by including more psychosocial variables with better sample size and better study area.

Pages: 387-392Wondwossen Teka (School of Education &Behavioral Sciences, Woldiya University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia)Dawit Asrat Getahun…
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