International Journal of Education and Management Studies (IJEMS) is an indexed, peer-reviewed and refereed journal published quarterly by the Indian Association of Health, Research, and Welfare (IAHRW). International Journal of
Education and Management Studies likely aims to promote research and
knowledge dissemination in the fields of education and management. Its
objectives include fostering academic discussions on innovative teaching
methodologies, educational policies, leadership strategies, human resource
management, and organizational behavior. The journal focuses on areas such as
pedagogy, curriculum development, educational psychology, business management,
entrepreneurship, and corporate governance. Its goals are to publish
high-quality, peer-reviewed research, encourage interdisciplinary
collaboration, and contribute to the practical application of education and
management theories for academic and professional growth. The journal is indexed with ProQuest, ProQuest Central, J-Gate, and National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating 4.58. IJEMS is being published regularly since 2011. For more details write to us to iahrw2019@gmail.com
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, Editorial Office: 1245/18, Moh. Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: iahrw2019@gmail.com
Phone: 9255442103, 7988885490
Publisher: IAHRW Publications
ISSN: 2231-5632 (print version)
ISSN: 2321-3671 (electronic version)
Frequency: Quarterly (March, June, September and December)
Indexing: ProQuest, ProQuest Central, Index Copernicus International, J-Gate, Questia Library, Technion Israel Institute of Technology Library, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating 4.58
CHIEF EDITOR
Sunil Saini, PhD
Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare, Hisar, Haryana, India
EDITORS
David Bennett, PhD, Charisma University, USA S. C. Kundu, PhD, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar
B.K. Punia, PhD, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar
Mahesh Thakur, PhD, Karve Institute of Social Sciences, Pune
Jaspreet Kaur, PhD, Punjabi University, Patiala
Vandana Punia, PhD, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana
Munish Nagpal, PhD, Deputy Commissioner, Govt of Haryana
Sangeeta Trama, PhD, Punjabi University Patiala
Sandeep Singh, PhD, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, Editorial Office: 1245/18, Moh. Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: iahrw2019@gmail.com
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: IAHRW
ISSN: 2231-5632 (print version)
ISSN: 2321-3671 (electronic version)
Frequency: Quarterly
Indexing: ProQuest, ProQuest Central, Index Copernicus International, J-Gate, Questia Library, Technion Israel Institute of Technology Library
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Author’s guidelines:
International Journal of Education and Management Studies (IJEMS) is a peer-reviewed research journal published quarterly by Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare. The IJEMS is indexed with ProQuest, J-Gate, etc. The journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of scientific excellence in the area of Education, Psychology and Management Studies and other related fields. IJEMS is published Quarterly (March, June, September and December).
Manuscripts should be submitted in the format outlined in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th edition) and should be sent via email at iahrw2010@gmail.com. The papers are reviewed by professional reviewers who have specialized expertise in the respective area, and to judge the quality of the paper in a time bound and confidential manner. The paper shall be review by double blind review process.
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References
References should be as per APA format as follows
• Journal article
Panda, T., Lamba, V., Goyal, N., Saini, S., Boora, S., Cruz. (2018). Psychometric Testing in Schools. Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing, 8(2), 213–245.
• Article by DOI
Slifka, M. K., & Whitton, J. L. (2000) Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. Journal of Molecular Medicine, doi:10.1007/s001090000086
• Book
Calfee, R. C., & Valencia, R. R. (1991). APA guide to preparing manuscripts for journal publication. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
• Book chapter
O’Neil, J. M., & Egan, J. (1992). Men’s and women’s gender role journeys: Metaphor for healing, transition, and transformation. In B. R. Wainrib (Ed.), Gender issues across the life cycle (pp. 107–123). New York: Springer.
• Online document
Abou-Allaban, Y., Dell, M. L., Greenberg, W., Lomax, J., Peteet, J., Torres, M., & Cowell, V. (2006). Religious/spiritual commitments and psychiatric practice. Resource document. American Psychiatric Association.
https://web.archive.org/web/20100308014645/http://www.psych.org:80/edu/other_res/lib_archives/archives/200604.pdf. Accessed 25 June 2007.
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Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, Editorial Office: 1245/18, Moh. Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: iahrw2019@gmail.com,
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: IAHRW
ISSN: 2231-5632 (print version)
ISSN: 2321-3671 (electronic version)
Frequency: Quarterly
Indexing: ProQuest, ProQuest Central, J-Gate, Questia Library, Technion Israel Institute of Technology Library
Peer Review
All content of the International Journal of Education and Management Studies is subject to peer-review. The Editor first checks and evaluates the submitted manuscript, examining its fit and quality regarding its significance, manuscript format, research quality. If it is suitable for potential pubication, the Editor directs the manuscript for Plagiarism check, and the minimum similarity acceptable is below 20% without references. After that, editor directs the manuscript to two reviewers, with both being experts in the field. This journal employs double-blind review, wehre the author and referee remains anonymous througout the process. Referees are asked to avaluate whetehr the manuscript is original, makes a theoretical contribution to the study, methodoogy is sound, follos appropriate ethical guidelines, whether the results are clearly presented and sufficient supporting studies are given and support the conclusion. The time for evaluation is approximately one month. The Editor’s decision will be sent to the author with recommendations made by the referees. Revised manuscripts might be returned to the initial referees who may then request another revision of the manuscript. After both reviewer’s feedback, the Editor decides if the manuscript will be rejected, accepted with revision needed or accepted for publication. The Editor’s decision is final. Regerees advise the Editor, who is responsible for the final decision to accept or reject the article.
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We ain to respond to and resolve all complaints quickly. All complaints will be acknowledged within a week. For all matters related to the policies, procedures, editorial content, and actions of the editorial staff, the decision of the Editor-in-Chief shall be final. The procedure to make a complaint is easy. It can be made by writing an email to editor: iahrw@iahrw.org
Confict of Interest Policy
Transparency and objectiity in research are essential for publication in this journal. These principles are strictily followed in our peer review process and decision of publication. Manuscript submissions are assigned to reviewers in an effort to minimize potential conflicts of interest. After papers are assigned, individual reviewers are required to inform the editor-in-chief of any conflict.
Pages: 137-145 Rohini Thapar and Shubhra Jain (Department of Psychology, D.A.V. College, Chandigarh) According to Webster Dictionary (2021), addition is defined as a "compulsive, chronic, physiological or psychological need for and use of a habit-forming substance, behaviour, or activity having harmful physical, psychological or social effects characterized by tolerance and typically causing well-defined symptoms upon withdrawal or abstinence". As the penetration of smartphone in this 21st century increases, a highly significant increase in the usage of this device is seen especially amongst the younger generation (Bianchi & Phillips, 2005). Now, with the facility of operating internet-based activity in the Smartphone and with its all-time convenient accessibility, its usage is soon turning into an abuse. Hence, the aim of the present research is to investigate the relationship between internet addiction and big five-personality traits among smartphone addicted female adolescents. For this purpose, Internet Addiction Test by Young (1998); Smart Phone Addiction Scale by Kwon and Lee (2013); and Big Five Inventory by John, Donahue, and Kentel (1991); and SES Scale (Singh et al., revised, 2017) were administered. The study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, Internet Addiction Test by Young (1998) and Socio-economic Status scale was administered and in the second phase, adolescents who scored more than 20 on Internet Addiction Test and those who belonged to middle-class socio-economic status were selected for the further study. A sample of 100 female adolescents in the age range of 15-18 years, studying in various private schools of Delhi and National Capital Regions (NCR) were thereby taken into consideration. Only students coming from two parent intact family and those possessing and using a personal smart phone for at least last 6 months were selected for the study. The students who were using either their parent's or any other family members' phone were not included. Purposive Sampling method was used for this study to ensure the homogeneity of the sample. Adolescent girls were moderately addicted to both internet and their smartphones. Results clearly exhibited that both internet addiction and smartphone addiction were related, but separate forms of addictions, having different personality correlates. Girls who were introverts and were less imaginative, creative or open minded but rather conventional were more prone to both forms of addiction. Whereas those girls who were less conscientious were higher on internet addiction, and perhaps found safe haven there, which may be reduced their anxieties and made them feel secure. Pages: 137-145
Rohini Thapar and Shubhra Jain (Department of Psychology, D.A.V. College, Chandigarh) |
Pages: 146-149 Preeti1, Vinod Kumari2, and Mahak3 (Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana1,2 and Department of Pathology, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana3) Menstruation is a natural physiological process that women only experience after they reach puberty. However, it has always been shrouded by taboos and superstitions that restrict women from participating in many socio-cultural aspects of their lives. Until now, menstruation is considered as taboo in India and associated with various myths and restrictions. Menstrual taboos and prohibitions affect girls’ and women's psychological health, perspective, lifestyle and most importantly, reproductive health. Girls' lack of awareness and understanding about adolescence, menstruation and their reproductive health makes it challenging to address menstruation's taboos and beliefs. The aim of this study is to bring attention to widespread menstrual myths/taboos and restrictions in India, as well as their menstrual hygiene practices and their impact on women's lives and health, as well as the importance of addressing these problems in basic care. Pages: 146-149
Preeti1, Vinod Kumari2, and Mahak3 (Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana1,2… |
Pages: 150-154 Lida Mansoori and Yagyima Nehabala (Department of Psychology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab) The COVID-19 pandemic impacted almost everyone in the world. So, to prevent the virus from spreading as people were encouraged to self-quarantine in their homes. The lockdown had serious consequences on the mental health of people, causing issues such as stress, frustration, and depression. The psychological reactions of the people have a key role in influencing both the transmission of the disease and the occurrence of emotional anguish and social disorder during and after an infectious disease outbreak. Despite this, adequate resources are rarely provided to manage or mitigate the consequences of pandemics on mental health and well-being. Maladaptive behaviors, emotional distress, and defensive responses are all psychological responses to pandemics. Particularly those are more at risk who are genetically inclined to mental disease. According to surveys, the COVID-19 epidemic has influenced the state of friendship among many adults in the United States. Nearly 60% of young women said they lost contact with a few acquaintances during the pandemic, while 16% said they lost contact with most or all of their pals (Cherry, 2022). The mental health of people has suffered greatly as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The unprecedented level of uncertainty connected with the pandemic could contribute to stress and anxiety, particularly among people who have a high tolerance for uncertainty (Rettie & Daniels, 2021). The current study examined the experiences faced by students in higher education during the COVID-19 pandemic. To explore the effect of Loneliness and Stress among Afghan students in India during COVID-19 Pandemic a correlational study was conducted. 156 Afghan students (Bachelor's, Master's, & Ph.D. students) from age (18-25) years old living in India participated in this study. 7-item COVID-19 Student Stress Questionnaire (CSSQ) and UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3) were used in this study. Correlational analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between loneliness and stress. It was found that the level of stress among Afghan students living in India during a COVID-19 pandemic was moderate. Students reported rising mental health problems related to isolation, anxiety of social gatherings, and changes in connections with teachers and peers. And there was a high positive correlation between the three dimensions (isolation, relationship & academic life, & fear of contagion) of the 7-item COVID-19 Student Stress Questionnaire. It was also found that students were suffering from loneliness and isolation at a moderate level because, on the internet, students were no more able to reveal their "real" or inner self to others than they were in face-to-face settings. Therefore, situational factors like moving to a new place, physical isolation, and divorce can all cause loneliness in this context (David, 2015). Pages: 150-154
Lida Mansoori and Yagyima Nehabala (Department of Psychology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab) |
Pages: 155-159 Nabila Khuram1 and Ravneet Kaur2 (Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab1 and Department of Psychology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab2) People's reaction to situations or event is affected by perceptions and their cognitive evaluation of those situations. The purpose of this research is to obtain the relationship of depression with attribution styles in the context of the war on Afghan youth. This research is descriptive and correlation study. 250 youth (male & female) in (high school, bachelor's, Master's, & Ph.D. degrees). from age (18-30) years old, who live in Afghanistan during the war and they completed Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ). The correlation analysis finding shows that there was a negative correlation between depression and attribution effort failure, attribution mood failure, attribution ability success, and attribution effort success. Further, the result shows that depression has a significant positive correlation with attribution ability failure and attribution mood success. Pages: 155-159
Nabila Khuram1 and Ravneet Kaur2 (Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab1 and Department of Psychology, Chandigarh… |
Page: 01-10 Cindhu Menaka (Department of Psychology, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu) Academic achievement serves as an indicator of student's future and their educational status in society. Underachievement is a major concern for parents and teachers in the intensely competitive world. It occurs due to many factors such as individual, personal, family, school, or socio-economic background. Inefficient teaching and poor school structure in rural places are hardly ever mentioned by parents and/or teachers, and they play a significant role in demotivating students. It is imperative to understand and evaluate the essence of the problem faced by the underachievers, irrespective of the implementation of favourable schemes and educational rules, chiefly related to rural students. Thus, the present study aims at a new perspective, with an earnest attempt to throw light on the most challenging problems faced in the present educational system. For this purpose, 528 rural low socio-economic status students were selected for an IQ screening test, and among them, 292 students (159 achieving students & 133 underachieving students) were selected as final samples for data collection, by using the Judgmental sampling technique. Discriminant functional analysis are used for finding out the predictive factor responsible for underachievement. It was concluded that low self-esteem is one of the vital determinants of underachievement. Page: 01-10
Cindhu Menaka (Department of Psychology, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu) |
Page: 11-16 Divya Mann (District Institute of Education and Training, Keshavpuram, Delhi) Education is a fundamental requirement of life. It is a crucial instrument that contributes to the overall growth and development of the country. Quality education lays the groundwork for societal egalitarianism.“People may widen all of their attributes and talents via quality education, allowing them to reach their full potential as human beings and members of society”. School Education Quality Index is a very important matter to be achieved. Therefore, researcher has chosen to work on the quality index of top government schools of Delhi. The present paper explains various factors, factors influencing the quality index of schools and assess the quality index of top Delhi government schools. It mentions the list of top Delhi government schools on the basis of their percentage of results and based on their quality index. Since it is important to measure the components to identify the quality index of a school, researcher has done a detailed analysis about teaching and non-teaching faculties, infrastructure of the institution, methods to assess students and other extra-curricular activities of Delhi government schools. Page: 11-16
Divya Mann (District Institute of Education and Training, Keshavpuram, Delhi) |
Page: 17-21 Sayantani Chatterjee (Department of Psychology, Loreto College, Kolkata, West Bengal) For the present study a sample of 80 working women (40 from corporate organizations & 40 from educational institutions) were selected to determine their psychosocial profile differences as shaped by their job structure and also as they play the dual role of managing families and fulfilling job requirements. The variables selected as psychosocial profile factors were anxiety, defense mechanism and locus of control. These variables were considered relevant and applicable since working women have to constantly balance varied ends together, reach job targets, satisfy others at home and at work and also derive a sense of self-fulfillment and appreciation which maybe blended with both success and failure. In addition to this, working women face the transitions in job markets, associated stresses in the positions offered to them and discrimination centering around gender, pay and other facilities/benefits as received. The results obtained from the present study revealed that the two groups of working women did not differ significantly with respect to the variables of anxiety, defense mechanisms and locus of control. However, the mean score of Locus of Control, State Anxiety, Trait Anxiety, Defense Mechanisms of Turning Against Object, Projection and Principalization were higher in case of women working in educational institutions. The mean score of Defemse Mechanisms of Turning Against Self and Reversal were higher in case of women working in corporate organizations. Thus the psychosocial orientations of both the groups, though marginally different in terms of mean scores of the variables, essentially revealed homogeneity of the chosen sample of working women and the overall psyche of women in general. Page: 17-21
Sayantani Chatterjee (Department of Psychology, Loreto College, Kolkata, West Bengal) |
Page: 22-28 Naela A. Alguzo (Jordanian Ministry of Education, Jordan) The current study is designed to explore the effectiveness of symbolic modeling (SM) in reducing social networking site addiction and enhancing intrinsic academic motivation among primary school female students in Jordan. To evaluate the effectiveness of the technique, a social networking site addiction scale, a diagnostic interview, and an academic motivation scale were used. The study sample included 38 female participants in the 7th grade, chosen from a Jordanian primary school. According to their high networking site addiction scale scores, showing three or more symptoms of social networking site addiction based on DSM-5 and low academic motivation scale scores. The participants were randomly divided into two equal groups: one experimental group that got SM technique training and met twice a week for 90-minute sessions for four weeks, and one control group that did not get any technique. A one-way ANCOVA and a one-way MANCOVA were used to analyze the data. The results showed that SM was significantly more effective in reducing social networking site addiction and enhancing intrinsic academic motivation than no treatment. According to these results, students' behavior in schools can be changed by displaying positive modeling that they can simulate and practice in their daily life. Page: 22-28
Naela A. Alguzo (Jordanian Ministry of Education, Jordan) |
Page: 29-33 Sumbul Rafi and Nasheed Imtiaz (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Uttar Pradesh) Mental health is a universal phenomenon and is equally studied and researched worldwide. It is considered the most significant human factor that highlights the working of any organisation. According to WHO (2019), "It is truly in everyone's best interests employers' and employees alike to improve our team's mental health." "Employees with low mental pressure are more efficient in giving output, have high employee turnover, and report lesser personal leaves. Occupational stress is a sense of disparity faced by an individual when they are unable to meet the demands of the workplace in a given period. At the same time, workplace bullying can be explained as a displaying series of negative behaviour subjected towards a particular person or a specific group. Therefore, the researcher grounds this investigation to assess the influence of occupational stress and workplace bullying on the mental health of employees and to study the relationship among the concerning variables. The sample consists of 150 employees of the private bank in Aligarh city. The online survey method has been used to get the responses with the help of questionnaires. The occupational stress index (Srivastava & Singh); Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (Einarsen); and Mental Health scale (Imtiaz) were used as tools to conduct research. Regression analyses were used to analyse the data and to compute the results. The outcomes of the study show that Workplace bullying and Occupational stress emerged as significant predictors of mental health, and there is a highly significant negative relationship among the variables. The findings of the study are discussed in the paper in light of reviewed literature. Page: 29-33
Sumbul Rafi and Nasheed Imtiaz (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Uttar Pradesh) |
Page: 34-39 Shabuhi Naaz and Monika Rikhi (Department of Applied Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College (Evening), University of Delhi, Delhi) The COVID-19 pandemic has sent the life of today's youth into a tailspin. This change has a significant impact on their higher education, learning styles, career planning, mental health, and daily lives. Since the beginning of the pandemic, it has appeared that the youth's attitudes towards their future and career choices has shifted significantly. The global human psyche has also suffered from a variety of anxiety-related difficulties. According to UNICEF (2020), approximately ten million youth around the world suffer from COVID-19. In India, over 32 crore students have ceased attending school and college, and all educational activities in the physical mode have come to a halt. In order to reduce the spread of infection of the deadly virus, offline classes have to be closed and the youth confined to their homes with online classes for learning. COVID-19 has shifted the focus of teachers to e-Learning technologies and platforms for effective student participation which has not only highlighted the fact that they may be out of reach for students and in worst case scenario, even out of budget. The psychosocial aspect of learning associated with these academic inputs has been severely hampered. The pandemic has undoubtedly uncovered the issues present in our education system, which have now become a necessity for the virtual-era-schooling for teachers to evolve to the world's fast converting academic atmosphere. The usage of e-learning and digital schooling can also emerge as a critical part for the betterment of education within the post-pandemic era. This paper explores the changes in young lives from different perspectives to develop an understanding of the future recourse. Page: 34-39
Shabuhi Naaz and Monika Rikhi (Department of Applied Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College (Evening), University… |
Page: 40-45 Kajal Daga1, Anika Magan2, Anurakti Mathur3 (Advanced Diploma in Child Guidance and Counseling, Central University of Haryana1, Department of Applied Psychology, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies Faridabad, Faridabad,Haryana2, Training Specialist, Amazon, Noida, Uttar Pradesh3) Skin color bias or colourism is the biased attitude towards the people on the basis of lightness or darkness of the skin. It is a kind of implicit bias that people hold for a group at unconscious level. The present study is carried out to explore the prevalence of skin tone bias (dark or fair) on the basis of traits- attractiveness, friendly, happy, professionally successful, leadership skills, independent, wealthy, sincere, kind and likable. To conduct the study 6 individuals were chosen (4 females & 2 males). Three of them were originally dark complexion and three were of fair complexion based on their self-opinion. Dark skin tone were converted to fair one and Fair skin tone were converted to darker skin tone. So, a total of 12 pictures were there. Two checklists were developed containing those traits. Checklist 1 has 6 mixed pictures (Group 1) of fair and dark skin tone. Checklist 2 has the counterparts (Group 2) of the pictures in checklist 1. These pictures were shown to different individuals. Group 1 set was shown to 92 participants and group 2 was also shown to different set of 92 participants. So, the data of total 184 participants was collected. Chi square was calculated. The results come out to be that fair skin tone are considered favorable by people on the basis of traits like- attractiveness, likable and wealthy than the dark skin tone. Also, there is no significant difference in the way people perceive dark skin tone and fair skin tone individuals on the basis of traits like- friendly, happy, professionally successful, independent, sincere and kind. However, an interesting finding came out to be that on the trait- leadership skills, darker skin tone individuals are perceived favorable than the fair skin tone. Page: 40-45
Kajal Daga1, Anika Magan2, Anurakti Mathur3 (Advanced Diploma in Child Guidance and Counseling, Central… |
Page: 46-51 Pratibha Jindal1 and Vandana Sharma2 (Department of Psychology, DAV College, Sector 10, Chandigarh1, Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab and Department of Psychology, Akal University, Talwandi Sabo, Punjab2) The present research aimed to study the effect of self-efficacy and gender patterns on intrinsic, extrinsic and amotivation-motivational orientations of academic achievement motivation among adolescents. A sample of 102 students (51 males & 51 females), in the age range of 14-17 years, was selected randomly from various educational institutions of tri-city (Chandigarh, Mohali, & Panchkula). The measures used were Self-efficacy Questionnaire for Children (Muris, 2001) and Academic Motivation Scale-High School Version (Vallerand et al., 1992). A 2X2 factorial design was used to analyze the data. The analysis indicated that highly efficacious students were intrinsically motivated than did their counterparts. However, students who have no faith in their capabilities were extrinsically motivated and amotivated. Furthermore, gender differentiation and interaction effect did not make any contribution to the motivational orientations of academic motivation. Low self-efficacy is a driving component of feeling disinterested in academic activities. Amotvation reflects a strong feeling of incompetence and expectancies of uncontrollability is highly detrimental for school achievement. These findings can support the development of practical guidelines for designing interventions to enhance self-efficacy and academic motivation to achieve. Page: 46-51
Pratibha Jindal1 and Vandana Sharma2 (Department of Psychology, DAV College, Sector 10, Chandigarh1… |
