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Pages:349-355
Pooja V. Anand and Savvy Singh (Department of Psychology, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi)

The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between religious orientation, happiness and self esteem as well as to find out the significant predictors of happiness. The sample consisted of eighty undergraduate students of University of Delhi from four religious communities. For data collection Religious Orientation Scale (Gupta & Mishra, 2007), Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (Hills & Argyle, 2002) and Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (Coopersmith, 1967) were used. Data were analyzed using Pearson's Product Moment Correlation and Regression analysis. Results showed high intrinsic religious orientation, high level of happiness and average level of self esteem in the present sample. Significant positive correlations were found between intrinsic religious orientation and happiness, intrinsic religious orientation and self-esteem, and self-esteem and happiness. Extrinsic religious orientation was found to be negatively correlated to happiness and self esteem. Intrinsic religious orientation and self esteem emerged as significant predictors of happiness.

Pages:349-355Pooja V. Anand and Savvy Singh (Department of Psychology, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi…

Pages:356-360
Reese Hui and Rhett Diessner (Department of Psychology, Lewis-Clark State College, Lewiston)

The Engagement with Beauty Scale 2.0 (EBS2), designed from the philosophical works of Kant, Hegel, and Aquinas, and the psychological work of Jonathan Haidt was translated into Cantonese and administered, by snowball method, to 106 Cantonese speakers in Hong Kong. Results showed strong internal consistency for the measure, and typical of samples from around the world, women scored slightly higher than men in their engagement with beauty. Contrary to non-Asian samples, but similar to a sample from India, no developmental pattern was found (i.e., there was no significant positive correlations between age and levels of engagement with beauty). Also, contrary to most international samples, the factor structure of the EBS2 was monolithic for this Chinese sample, with most of the variance loading on one factor, rather than the emergence of the anticipated four factors (natural beauty, artistic beauty, moral beauty, and beautiful ideas). This implies that, at least for this sample of Chinese people, their view beauty is considerably different than non-Chinese, and more holistic.

Pages:356-360Reese Hui and Rhett Diessner (Department of Psychology, Lewis-Clark State College, Lewiston)

Pages:361-366
M. Vinoth Kumar (Department of Psychology, St. Agnes Centre for Post-Graduation & Research, Mangalore)

Spirituality is considered as a way of living which predetermines how individuals respond to life experiences, how it influences them to work together and behave more socially and responsibly. The present study hypothesized that there will be a significant relationship between adolescence psychological well-being, spirituality and prosocial behaviour and there will be a significant gender difference. For the purpose of the study a total of hundred and ten data was collected from adolescences belongingto the age range of 16 to 19. Riff's Psychological Well-being Scale, Spirituality Scale by C. Delaney, and Prosocial tendencies Measureby Carlo & Randall were administered. The correlation analysis showed a significant positive relationship between psychological well-being and Spirituality and non-significant relationship between psychological well-being and prosocial behaviour. The Implications for interventions and strategies aimed at promoting pro-social and well-being of adolescents are discussed.

Pages:361-366M. Vinoth Kumar (Department of Psychology, St. Agnes Centre for Post-Graduation & Research, Mangalore)

Pages:367-370
Zarina Ahmed (Department of Psychology, Womens Christian College, Chennai)
Sheela Hemalatha Julius (Department of Psychology, Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development, Sriperumbudur)

It is a growing concern among educators about the low academic performance of college students and its influence on their mental health. Many university students continue to have low grades, while many manage to turn around their academic fortunes (Martin & Marsh, 2006). Programs aimed at teaching academic resilience have proven highly effective in improving academic performance. The present study aims at finding the relationship between academic performance, resilience, depression, anxiety and stress and also the predictors of academic performance and resilience, namely, depression, anxiety and stress among women college students. Expost facto research design was used for the study. The sample consisted of 446 college going women, currently pursuing their second year of under graduation in city colleges. The tools used were the Connor Davidson Resilience scale (2003), the DASS scale by Lovibond & Lovibond (1995), measuring depression, anxiety and stress and the academic performance, using the marks obtained in the continuous assessment cycle. Correlation was found using the Pearson's Product moment method. Regression analysis was done to study the predictors .Results indicates that academic performance, resilience depression, anxiety and stress were positively correlated among women college students. Regression analysis revealed that academic performance significantly predict depression, anxiety and stress women college students, while depression alone is significantly predicted by resilience.

Pages:367-370Zarina Ahmed (Department of Psychology, Womens Christian College, Chennai)Sheela Hemalatha Julius (Department of Psychology, Rajiv…

Pages:371-375
Soaham Bharti (Sacred Heart Convent School, Ludhiana)
Pragyendu and Shailendra Kumar Sharma (Department of Applied Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College (Evening), Malviya Nagar, University of Delhi, Delhi)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relation between well being of individuals (in terms of life satisfaction) and their financial risk perceptions. Also, this study attempts to understand the investment behaviour of middle class in India belonging to 3 occupational categories- public sector employees, private sector employees and the self employed (entrepreneurs). Due to the changing demographics, economic and social landscape of the Indian society, it is essential to determine whether the present well-being of the citizens is related to their attitudes towards financial risk. This becomes all the more imperative as the Indian society becomes more risk-tolerant over the years. Financial Risk attitude describes affective feelings of like or dislike towards a scenario involving financial risk that have an influence on financial decision making and behaviour. Well being indicates the level at which an individual is satisfied with the present conditions of his/her life. Investment Behaviour reflects an individual's investment patterns. In our analysis, we divided our sample into 3 groups of self employed, private sector employees and public sector employees and proceeded to study the financial attitudes and investment behaviours of each group. We believe that studying risk perception and investment behaviour in the context of Indian economic environment can offer fresh interesting insights on the changing financial attitudes and responses of citizens of developing India. A strong and statistically significant positive correlation was found between life satisfaction and financial risk-seeking attitude. Certain differences were noted in the magnitude and statistical significance of the correlation of the 2 variables for the 3 occupational categories. Further, differences were noted in the investment behaviour of the 3 groups.

Pages:371-375Soaham Bharti (Sacred Heart Convent School, Ludhiana)Pragyendu and Shailendra Kumar Sharma (Department of Applied Psychology…

Pages:376-379
Sujit R. Tripathi, Pragyendu, Arshiya Kochar and Prakhar Dara (Department of Applied Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College (Eve), University of Delhi, Delhi)

Procrastination appears to be a major problem in the Indian society. Several scientific researches on procrastination have demonstrated it as a personality characteristic far more than time management. It has affected our personal, social and national growth. Thus the present study aims to explore academic procrastinating behaviour among college going students. Researchers suggest that variables like fear of failure, task aversiveness, self-regulation and self-efficacy are related to academic procrastination. This study tries to understand the role of self-efficacy and hope in academic procrastination in the Indian scenario. To fulfil this purpose, a sample of 150 undergraduate students was drawn from Delhi University and academic procrastination, hope and self-efficacy for self-regulation were measured. The findings suggested that there is a predicable relationship between self-efficacy for self-regulation and academic procrastination; and higher the level of hope, lesser is the procrastination.

Pages:376-379Sujit R. Tripathi, Pragyendu, Arshiya Kochar and Prakhar Dara (Department of Applied Psychology, Sri Aurobindo…

Pages:380-384
Pratyush Kumar Srivastava and Ajai Pratap Singh (Department of Applied Psychology, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, Rajasthan)

Subjective well-being (SWB) as a psychological construct is a relatively new field of positive psychology. This study sought to explore the effect of personality variables on the components of subjective well-being. Personality variables were optimism and self-esteem. This study is based on a sample of 400 trainees under Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan. They responded in Hindi to Global Life Satisfaction Scale, Contentment Scale, scale of positive and negative experiences, Optimism Scale and Self-esteem Scale. ANOVAs result indicates that optimism and self-esteem have significant effect on global life satisfaction, positive and negative affect while self-esteem has significant effect on contentment. The results have implications for enhancing subjective wellbeing among specific groups.

Pages:380-384Pratyush Kumar Srivastava and Ajai Pratap Singh (Department of Applied Psychology, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur…

Pages:385-388
Namita Mohanty, Priyanka Dalal and Prabhudarsan Sahoo (P.G. Department of Psychology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha)

The present study examined the Ethical values and Attitude towards women of students pursuing Intermediate and Post graduate classes. It also exploredgender differencewith regard to these two variables.A 2(Gender) x 2(Class) factorial design was adopted for the research. The study was conducted on a sample of 200 subjects, 100 students (50 males and 50 females) each from Intermediate and Post graduate classes. Results revealed that compared to males, females weremore ethical and hadmore favorable attitude towards women. The other important finding was that the students of Intermediate class were having more positive attitude towards women thantheir Post graduate counterparts. Moreover, a positive significant correlation was found between Ethical values and Attitude towards women revealing that students with high ethical values also had more positive attitude towards women.The research findings were discussed in the light of socio-cultural practices and changes in perspectives that influenced the ethical values and attitudes of the younger generation towards women.

Pages:385-388Namita Mohanty, Priyanka Dalal and Prabhudarsan Sahoo (P.G. Department of Psychology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar…

Pages:389-392
Satya Prakash Purohit, Balaram Pradhan and Soubhagyalaxmi Mohanty (Division of Yoga and Humanities, SVYASA Yoga University
Bengaluru)
Hogasandra Ramarao Nagendra (Chancellor, SVYASA Yoga University, Bengaluru)

Muscle strength is an imperative component of physical fitness. Yoga has frequently been demonstrated to improve physical fitness in adolescents. This study aimed to assess the effect of 12 weeks yoga program on minimum muscular fitness of adolescents dwelling in an orphanage. This was a randomized wait-list controlled pre post study. Seventy two (40 yoga, 32 control) apparently healthy orphan adolescents of both genders with a range of age 11-16 years matched based on age, gender and orphan status were recruited. Minimum muscular fitness was assessed using the Kraus-Weber test at baseline and after 12 weeks of yoga intervention. SSPSS 18.0 was used for data analysis. The percentage of students passed in yoga group were 20 %, and 75 % in pre and post tests respectively whereas percentages in control group remained the same (40.6%) in both tests. McNemar test shows significant differences between pre and post (P<0.001) in yoga group while those in control group was not significant. The study suggests that yoga have considerable benefits to improve muscular fitness level in orphan children and may be recommended as an effective training activity option for them.

Pages:389-392Satya Prakash Purohit, Balaram Pradhan and Soubhagyalaxmi Mohanty (Division of Yoga and Humanities, SVYASA Yoga…

Pages:393-396
Varsha Rani, Shilpa Kamboj, Anjali Malik and Sarvdeep Kohli (Department of Psychology, M.D.University, Rohtak, Haryana)

Adolescents have to face many difficulties and to deal with these, adolescents should be emotionally matured. The present study focuses on the impact of emotional maturity on self confidence and insecurity of adolescents. Both males and females were included in the study. A 2x2 factorial design was used for the present study. All the four groups i.e. high emotionally mature males, high emotionally mature females, low emotionally mature males and low emotionally mature females, comprised of 25 subjects with a total of 100 subjects in the age range of 15-17 years. Tools utilized were Emotional Maturity Scale, Agnihotri's Self -Confidence Inventory and Security-Insecurity (S-I) Inventory. Results indicate that adolescents who are high emotionally mature have more self confidence and higher sense of security in comparison to low emotionally mature adolescents. Gender of the adolescents has no impact on these variables.

Pages:393-396Varsha Rani, Shilpa Kamboj, Anjali Malik and Sarvdeep Kohli (Department of Psychology, M.D.University, Rohtak, Haryana)

Pages:397-400
Samadrita Saha, Debangana Chakraborty and Anindita Chaudhuri (Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata)

The present study explores the roles of Life Regard, Relational Interdependence Self Construal, Social Support and Spirituality in the development of Happiness among 100 adult individuals (50 males and 50 females), age ranging from 20 to 35. The participants completed Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (Hills & Argyle, 2002), Life Regard Index (Battista & Almond, 1973), The Relational-Interdependent Self-Construal & Relationships (Cross et al., 2000), Social Support Questionnaire, short form (Sarason et al., 1987) and Spiritual Involvement and Belief Scale (Hatch et al., 1998). The data were analyzed using Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis (SMRA). Males and females are treated as two separate groups. Results indicated, among males, life regard and relational interdependence self construal were the two contributory variables for Happiness. Among females, life regard and Social Support were found to be the contributory factors. Life Regard is found to be the common contributory factor for both the genders. This emphasizes the finding that meaning in life helps to attain Happiness for both groups. This particular research helps us to know how perception of happiness changes with gender difference.

Pages:397-400Samadrita Saha, Debangana Chakraborty and Anindita Chaudhuri (Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata)

Pages:401-406
Anagha L. Lavalekar (Jnana Prabodhinis Institute of Psychology, Sadashiv Peth, Pune, Maharashtra)

Relationships are vital source of motivation and satisfaction for a human being. Research indicates that quality of intimate relationships has a profound impact on an individual's mental health and general quality of life. It is observed that increasing relationship problems are not only challenging a person's mental health but are also disturbing the social fabric at large. Family being the basic unit of social structure is getting damaged beyond repair due to relationship storms. It may be too late to recognize and revert the losses unless expert guidance and intervention on an emergency basis. The five factor model of relationship building is thus proposed in the present paper titled 'Enhancement of relationships for positive mental health'. They include Empathy, Balancing rights and responsibilities, win- win situations, commitment and creative urge.

Pages:401-406Anagha L. Lavalekar (Jnana Prabodhinis Institute of Psychology, Sadashiv Peth, Pune, Maharashtra)

Pages:407-409
Kavisha Raval and Kamayani Mathur (Department of Psychology, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat)

The kidneys are bean shaped organs that serve several essential roles in humans. The most important function of the kidneys is to remove wastes from the body. When the kidneys do not work as well as they should, the wastes in the body are not removed and it's harmful for the body. This condition can be treated by dialysis wherein accumulated waste is removed from the patients' body either by Hemodialysis (HD) or Peritoneal dialysis (PD). On an average 2,53,050 patients undergo dialysis every month in India (Indian Society of Nephrology, 2009.). The present research investigated upon the impact of dialysis on quality of life of 120 patients. One of the sub-scales of the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form (KDQOL SF) {ESRD- Targeted Areas} (1997) had been employed for the purpose of data collection. The results were statistically analysed using a 2x2 ANOVA design, findings of the current research indicated that PD patients had significantly higher burden of disease related QOL as compared to HD patients. The males also exhibited higher burden of disease related QOL as compared to females. The PD patients had higher marital and sexual function related QOL than the HD patients.

Pages:407-409Kavisha Raval and Kamayani Mathur (Department of Psychology, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat)

Pages:410-413
M. Anbarasu and V. Chandramohan (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu)

Depression and other psychiatric problems impair academic performance. It is a serious mental health concern that affects learning process of children. Yoga helps students directly to hold his / her physical fitness, forces in balance and indirectly to develop his / her mental powers. The aim of the present study was to find out the role of Yogic Exercises Therapy in the management of depression among students. Once the students are free from depression symptoms, they can concentrate well in their studies and score good marks in the examination. The objective of the present study was to stress the importance of psychological care of students, suffering from depression symptoms, in order to help them to alleviate the ill-effects of depression symptoms thereby successful in their academic as well as in life. Three hundred healthy and well motivated school students, 150 Boys and 150 Girls, studying Higher Secondary Course (+2), age ranging from 15 to 18 years, constituted as a sample for the present study. School students were administered with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to find out the level of depression. Out of 300, 40 school students with mild depression, willing to participate in the study, were divided into two groups such as Control and Experimental group (Yoga). Out of 40, 20 students: 10 Boys and 10 Girls each were allotted to Control and Experimental groups. Experimental group was exposed to certain selected yogic exercises such as Suryanamaskar, Sitting postures such as Paschimotasana, Ardhamatsyendrasana, Padmasana, Vajrasana, Ushtrasana, Standing postures such as Parsavatriconasana, Dhadasana, Prone postures such as Salabhasana, Bhujangasana, Dhanurasana, Supine postures such as Matyasana, Sarvangasana, Halasana, Chakrasana and Relaxing Savasana, twice a day, morning and evening, for duration of thirty minutes, for one month whereas Control group was not exposed to any therapeutic intervention. Students were practicing Yoga in their respective school premises. Boys and girls were undergoing training separately. BDI was administered one month after therapeutic intervention. Follow-up was conducted after three months of continuous therapeutic intervention. Comparison of the performance of Control and Experimental (YOGA) groups showed that there is an extremely significant difference (P < 0.0001) existing between the Mean Pre and Posttest BDI scores. Experimental group was lower (P < 0.0001) than the Control group in the mean Posttest scores of BDI after the management. Results clearly indicated that there is an extremely significant difference (P < 0.0001) existing in the performance of Yoga Boys and Girls. Girls were better (P < 0.0001) than the Boys in overcoming the ill-effects of depression symptoms. Students, who underwent Yogic Exercises Therapy, were free from depression symptoms after practicing yoga.Follow-up assessment was carried out three months after the regular practice of Yogic Exercises Therapy. It was evident from the study that the students, who were practicing yoga, could sustain the psychological wellbeing even after three months of therapeutic intervention. Practicing yoga regularly helped to overcome depression symptoms and thereby promoted psychological wellbeing and academic success among school students.

Pages:410-413M. Anbarasu and V. Chandramohan (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu)

Pages:414-416
V. Premanand, Edavana Santhosh Sreelakshmi and Prachi Bhavesh Sanghvi (St. Agnes Centre for Post-Graduate Studies and Research, Mangalore, Karnataka)

Professionals in the medical and related fields, like House Surgeons, experience high levels of Secondary Traumatic Stress. This hinders their productive work and can even result in quitting their jobs. But this is not the case with everyone. There are many who cope with this situation successfully. Compassion Satisfaction and Decentering could be two of the factors that help them to do so. The current research aims to study the role of Compassion Satisfaction as a mediating factor between Decentering and Secondary Traumatic Stress among House Surgeons. One hundred and twenty six House Surgeons participated in this study. The Experiences Questionnaire and Professional Quality of Life questionnaire were used to measure the study variables. Mediation analysis was done. The results revealed that Compassion Satisfaction fully mediates the relationship between Decentering and Secondary Traumatic Stress with statistical significance level χ2 (0) =.000, p > .000. Implications of the study can be understood in training Decentering through mindfulness based programmes to the House Surgeons and others in related fields for the development of Compassion Satisfaction to reduce Secondary Traumatic Stress thereby alleviating the negative consequences caused by it.

Pages:414-416V. Premanand, Edavana Santhosh Sreelakshmi and Prachi Bhavesh Sanghvi (St. Agnes Centre for Post-Graduate Studies…

Pages:417-421
Usha Tiwari Upadhyay (Department of Psychology, Osmania University, Hyderabad)
Saroj Arya (Department of Rehabilitation Psychology, National Institute for the Mentally Handicapped, Secunderabad)

Early emotional development and wellbeing lays the foundation for later learning, academic performance, mental health, and the capacity to form successful relationships. The present paper is a critical analysis of the published empirical literature which specifies the application of positive psychology to construct wellbeing among individuals, institutions and community; particularly among children. As positive psychology is the scientific study of positive experience and optimal human functioning, the correlates of wellbeing such as; positive affect, negative affect, life satisfaction, character strengths, self-concept and self-esteem, mindfulness, optimism and gratitude are discussed in order to build children's social, emotional and behavioral competencies.

Pages:417-421Usha Tiwari Upadhyay (Department of Psychology, Osmania University, Hyderabad)Saroj Arya (Department of Rehabilitation Psychology, National…

Pages:422-425
Ashu, Sandeep Singh and Devender (Department of Applied Psychology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana)

The competitive pace of modern life places many demands on attention. This hectic life may cause stress and unhappiness. The present investigation was designed to study the relationship and gender differences between hope, mindfulness and happiness. Sample comprises of 180 students (100 males and 80 females) with age range of 18-24 years. For data collection purpose The Trait Hope Scale by Snyder et al. (1991) Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) by Brown and Ryan (2003) and The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire by Argyle and Hills (2002) are used. Results revealed a positive relationship between hope, mindfulness and happiness.

Pages:422-425Ashu, Sandeep Singh and Devender (Department of Applied Psychology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science &…

Pages:426-428
Shruti Dutt and Preet Kumari (Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, Uttar Pradesh)

Environmental degradation is a global issue. The study reported here while acknowledging the needs to address the wider questions, seeks to examine the role that home, school and social life have in leading students to become concerned about deteriorating local and world environment and committed to its preservation. A sample of 100 undergraduate female students of Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra was selected. The Socio-Economic Status Scale Form A (Urban), developed by Kulshreshtra (1980) and a self constructed questionnaire on environmental consciousness was used. Data was analyzed by Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and Multiple Regression Analysis. The findings signify that Socio-economic status was the most contributing factor .221% in predicting the environmental consciousness.

Pages:426-428Shruti Dutt and Preet Kumari (Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, Uttar Pradesh)

Pages:429-431
Samyak Makwana (Department of Psychology, R.R. Lalan College, Bhuj, Gujarat)

The Study conducted to observe the relationship between spiritual intelligence and job satisfaction of Higher Secondary School's Teachers. There were 100 participants randomly selected from three different private and Government high-schools of Bhuj, Gujarat (India). All Participants selected by Purposive Sampling Technique. All the participants belonging to middle Socio-Economic Status, Mean of Age is 35.4 + 8.6, Educated at leat M.A., B.Ed. Written informed consent from the participants. Spiritual Intelligence measured by Spiritual Quotient Scale and Job Satisfaction measured by Job Satisfaction Scale. The result indicates that there is positive relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Job-satisfaction among Teachers. However, There is significant difference found in terms of Spiritual Intelligence between Private and Government Teachers. There is no significant difference regarding Job-Satisfaction between Private and Government Teachers.

Pages:429-431Samyak Makwana (Department of Psychology, R.R. Lalan College, Bhuj, Gujarat)

Pages:432-435
Arvind K Birdie (Acting Principal & Associate Professor, IIMT School of Management, Vedatya Institute, Gurgaon)

The present workplace and world is blooming complicated and stress full day by day. The present paper reviews the role of mindfulness in workplace. Mindfulness is gaining a growing popularity as a practice in daily life, apart from buddhist insight meditation and its application in psychology. Not that long ago, meditation was seen widely as the preserve of hippies and saffron-clad monks, unsuited for the business world. Nowadays, a growing number of businesses are recognizing what mindfulness has to offer. Being mindful makes it easier to savor the pleasures in life as they occur, helps employees become fully engaged in activities, and creates a greater capacity to deal with adverse events. By focusing on the here and now, many people who practice mindfulness find that they are less likely to get caught up in worries about the future or regrets over the past, are less preoccupied with concerns about success and self-esteem, and are better able to form deep connections with others.

Pages:432-435Arvind K Birdie (Acting Principal & Associate Professor, IIMT School of Management, Vedatya Institute, Gurgaon)
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