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Pages: 366-373
Jakkaraddi Arati (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Rural Home Science, University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad, Karnataka)
Yadav V.S. (Department of Agricultural Extension Education, College of Agriculture, Dharwad, Karnataka)
Khadi P. B. (Department of Human Development, Rural Home Science College, University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad, Karnataka)

The study was conducted to know the association and comparison between SSLC and PUC students on emotional health dimensions. The sample comprised of 300 emerging adults in the age range of 15 to 18 years. An ex-post-facto exploratory research design was used to analyse the results. The Place and duration of study was Department of Human Development and Family Studies, college of Rural Home Science, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India, between 2009 to 2011. The Emotional Health Scale (EHS) by Angadi (2011) (1) and general information form was used for collecting data. The data was subjected to chi-square analysis. The results revealed that there was a highly significant association between SSLC and PUC students on Emotional Health and its dimensions. The results also revealed that SSLC, PUC I and PUC II students were low on self-awareness, emotional management and self-confidence dimensions whereas, PUC II students were low on self-confidence, self-esteem dimensions and emotional health. The students of SSLC, PUC-I, PUC-II, had developed low level of self-awareness, emotional management, self-confidence, self-esteem and emotional health. The students who are undergoing board exams of SSLC and PUC should be provided with proper guidance w.r.t emotional health which caters to the positive development of the individuals. Also, parents and teachers should monitor students for any deviations in the behaviour of the students and counsel them. Policies should be formulated to create awareness regarding emotional health, its importance and role in building the personality of the students.

Pages: 366-373Jakkaraddi Arati (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Rural Home Science…

Pages: 360-365
Rahul Kumar Singh and Madhu Jain (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

Occupational stress is one of the major health hazards of the modern work place. Similarly stressful working condition have been linked to low efficacy, absenteeism and increased rates of accidents on and off the job. Therefore, present study was designed to see the efficacy of self-management techniques as intervention in reducing the level of perceived stress among nursing staff sample comprised of 40 high stress nursing staff (20 male & 20 female) with the mean age 23.6 from S.M.S. hospital of Jaipur city of Rajasthan. Psychosocial stress questionnaire by Srivastava and Singh (1991) and occupational stress index by Srivastava and Singh (1994) were administered. Pre and post-test design was employed to find out the significant differences between the mean score on perceived stress after introducing intervention program. Results revealed that main effects of groups, gender and treatment have turned out to be significant. Further joint effect of groups and treatment have yielded significant there by depicting the remarkable improvement of experimental groups from pre and post-test over control group in terms of stress reduction due to introducing Self-management techniques as intervention program.

Pages: 360-365Rahul Kumar Singh and Madhu Jain (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

Pages: 356-359
Farkhondeh Badpar, Nasser Amini, and Ali Pouladi Rishehri (Department of Psychology, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran)

The aim of this study is to reduce conflict and increase the effectiveness of positive thinking, happiness and a sense of self-efficacy is Choram city high school students. This study is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test. The study sample consisted of all high school students are Choram city. The sample consisted of 60 patients that were obtained through simple random sampling. The data collected in this study, Yang and happiness Argyle initial questionnaire schema and feel Scherer is self. Results showed that the experimental and control groups in at least one of the variables conflict, happiness and a sense of self-efficacy, there is a significant difference. In other words we can say that Positive thinking training to reduce conflict and increase the happiness and sense of self. Average score inconsistencies in the experimental group subjects (Subjects taught positive thinking) is significantly less than subjects The control group, so we can say that positive thinking training to reduce inconsistencies in the experimental group compared with the control group. The average happiness score in the experimental group subjects (participants trained Positive Thinking) was significantly higher than subjects in the control group, so we can say that positive thinking training increased the happiness in the experimental group compared with the control group. The mean score of self-efficacy Subjects in the experimental group (Subjects taught positive thinking) is significantly higher than subjects in the control group, so we can say that positive thinking training increased efficacy in subjects in the experimental group Compared with the control group. Incompatibility between happiness and self-efficacy in terms of gender difference is not significant.

Pages: 356-359Farkhondeh Badpar, Nasser Amini, and Ali Pouladi Rishehri (Department of Psychology, Bushehr Branch, Islamic…

Pages: 351-355
Priyadarsini A.C. and N.S. Rohini (Department of Psychology, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore)

Depression is a state of low mood and aversion to activity that can affect a person's thoughts, behaviour, feelings and sense of well-being. Depression is found to be one of the leading source of adult disability worldwide. But those suffering from depression are often ignored. The present study is an attempt to find out the effect of Pranayama on reducing depression and improving resilience in people with depression. For the study, 60 adults with unipolar depression ranging from 18 to 45 years of age were selected from a clinic in Thrissur, Kerala. They were given the intervention of Pranayama. Intervention lasted for 45 minutes and was given twice a week for one and a half months which makes a total of 12 sessions. The level of depression and resilience was measured using Beck's Depression Inventory and Annalakshmi Resilience Scale prior to the intervention. Their level of depression and resilience was again measured after the intervention period in the group. A follow-up assessment of Depression and Resilience was also done three months after the interevention. The data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA. The comparison of the pre- intervention scores, post intervention scores and follow-up scores showed that the effect of Pranayama on their depression and resilience level is significant. The study results indicate a significant positive impact of Pranayama in dealing Depression and enhancing Resilience in the sample.

Pages: 351-355Priyadarsini A.C. and N.S. Rohini (Department of Psychology, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and…

Pages:214-220
Anavila Lochan (Department of Applied Psychology, Shyama Prasad Mukherji College, University of Delhi, Delhi)
Sumangali Radhakrishnan (Department of Psychology, Jesus and Mary College, University of Delhi, Delhi)

Music is ubiquitous. The ongoing technological revolution in the field of music has made music easily and inexpensively accessible to millions of youngsters with access to internet and electronic devices like phones, walkmans, and computers. The present study aims at analysing popular songs Hindi songs to study themes around mental health and well-being in popular culture. The study is based on the thematic analysis of 20 most viewed Hindi songs, from recent times, on You tube. The analysis suggests 8 different themes such as living by the pleasure principle, inadequate processing and management of emotions, dependence on alcohol, normalisation of sexual assault and violence, gender stereotyping, obsession with brands, setting and operationalising unfair beauty standards, and nonchalance and power. A larger idea based on the themes implicating the impact of media (songs) on mental health and well being has been discussed.

Pages:214-220Anavila Lochan (Department of Applied Psychology, Shyama Prasad Mukherji College, University of Delhi, Delhi)Sumangali Radhakrishnan…

Pages:221-225
Shadma Absar (National University of Educational, Planning and Administration, New Delhi)
Syed Salma Jameel (Disability Liaison Officer, School of Education, University of Nottingham, Malaysia Campus, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia)

The university teaching demands high motivation with lot of academic and admistrative workload. The present study explored the work motivation of teachers of a central university in Delhi. Data was collected from 120 teachers teaching in professional science, basic science and social science disciplines. Assistant and associate professor were equal in numbers in the selected sample. The present study is a descriptive and exploratory study with a 3 x 2 factorial design. The study aimed to explore the work motivation of teachers across the three disciplines and two designations. Findings of the study revealed that were no significant differences across discipline and designation on the work motivations of teachers. Factor responsible for increasing motivation among teachers were identified, implications for policy and future researches were drawn.

Pages:221-225Shadma Absar (National University of Educational, Planning and Administration, New Delhi)Syed Salma Jameel (Disability Liaison…

Pages:226-230
Ankita (Department of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh)
Akanksha Tripathi (Department of Psychology, MCM DAV College for Women, Sec-36, Chandigarh)

The aim of the present study was to compare merchant navy officers on their Quality of sleep and Quality of life. The study was conducted on 300 merchant navy officers with 150 Deck and 150 Engine officers. For this purpose, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) by Buysse et al. (1988) and WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF, 1994) were used. Descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U test and 2x2 ANOVA were used to analyse the data. The results showed that Deck officers were found to be low on quality of life and quality of sleep in comparison to engine officers.

Pages:226-230Ankita (Department of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh)Akanksha Tripathi (Department of Psychology, MCM DAV College for…

Pages:231-236
Richa Malhotra (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi)

Self-control and self-regulation abilities are critical components of health, happiness and competence of an individual. High sense of self-control leads to positive outcomes whereas lack of this leads to negativity. On the other hand, subjective well-being has been conceptualized as a satisfactory condition of existence, the absence of undesirable negative emotional states, and the experience of more positive moods and emotions. The purpose of the current study is to examine the locus of control (powerful others, chance control, individual control) and well-being (purpose in life, self-acceptance, positive relations with others, autonomy, environmental mastery, & personal growth) among college going students. A sample of 120 students attending Delhi University was taken. A gender balance was maintained, with 60 males and females respectively. Participants were administered Levenson's Multidimensional Locus of Control Scale (LOC) and Ryff's Well-Being Scale. Correlation coefficient and t-test were used for statistical computation. Results showed that high internal and chance control are predictors of Subjective well-being. Well-being components, namely purpose in life, personal growth and self-acceptance, are significantly associated with Internal LOC. On the other hand, high external locus of control was linked to lower levels of well-being. Also, no gender related significant differences were found for Control and well-being. Reasons for the findings, limitations of the study and suggestions for future research have been discussed.

Pages:231-236Richa Malhotra (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi)

Pages:237-239
Sudha Rathore (Department of Psychology, The IIS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan )

Resilience is the capacity to cope with and adjust to change in the face of adversity. The present study investigated the relationship between resilience (hardiness, optimism, resourcefulness, & purpose) and Life satisfaction among college students. For the study 120 participants (60 males & 60 females) of colleges from Delhi between the ages of 19-21 years were selected. The tools used included and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and Satisfaction with life scale. Results revealed that there was a significant gender difference on only one dimension of resilience (Purpose). It was also found that there is a significant positive relation between life satisfaction and components of resilience. The immediate implication of this study would be to develop resilience based class interaction in the college curriculum.

Pages:237-239Sudha Rathore (Department of Psychology, The IIS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan )

Pages:240-242
Ajitha Eswaramangalam Ayyappan (Maharanis Science College for Women, Bangalore, Karnataka)
Pramod R Shivcharan (Department of Psychology, Karnatak University, Dharward, Karnataka)

In the growing field of positive psychology, positive affect has proved as an important variable which affects many domains of life. The potentialities of positive affect have become more obvious over the last few years. This study is an attempt to explore the role of positive affect in organizational psychology. The hypothesis was chosen to prove impact of positive affect on occupational stress of Information Technology professionals. The data was collected from a sample of 100 information technology professionals from different software companies in Bangalore. A purposive sampling method was used for the study. The data were analyzed using Multiple Regression Analysis. The results of this study confirmed the hypothesis that there is a relationship between the positive affect and the level of occupational stress. The study reveals that people with high positive affect experience less occupational stress.

Pages:240-242Ajitha Eswaramangalam Ayyappan (Maharanis Science College for Women, Bangalore, Karnataka)Pramod R Shivcharan (Department of Psychology…

Pages:243-245
Deepika (Department of Psychology, Lady Irwin College, University of Delhi, Delhi)

The term 'Attitude' encompasses a wide range of affective behaviours (e.g., prefer, accept, appreciate, & commitment). In general, an attitude is a mental state of readiness exerting direct or indirect influence upon an individual's response to all objects and situations with which it is related. Therefore if we have some idea about the attitude of an individual towards a specific thing or activity whether an individual can be persuaded to participate in a particular thing or activity then we would know whether he or she adopts it with interest and sincerity. Attitudes have a powerful influence on behaviour. Teachers' thoughts and beliefs about inclusion impact their behaviour in the classroom. Teachers' beliefs about their ability to succeed in teaching in an inclusive setting or their sense of self-efficacy also impacts on teaching behaviours. Present paper is an endeavor to understand the relation between the three key words Attitude, self-efficacy and valuing the learner diversity accordingly.

Pages:243-245Deepika (Department of Psychology, Lady Irwin College, University of Delhi, Delhi)

Pages:246-248
Swati Gaur (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)

Peace is freedom from troubling or abusive contemplations or feelings and amicability in personal relations. By peace I mean the inward peace for what we as a whole continue to strive at each spur of time. Some believe this internal peace can be strengthened through our association with the Divine. Inner peace includes peace of mind and absence of fear. Inner peace (or peace of mind) refers to a condition of being rationally and profoundly settled, with enough information and comprehension to keep oneself strong in the face of discord or stress. In this paper, I am attempting to examine about the same and the way it can be attained or experienced.

Pages:246-248Swati Gaur (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)

Pages:249-251
Jaishree Jain (Department of Psychology, SMS Medical College Jaipur, Rajasthan )

This research was conducted to investigate the clinical effects of a 10 days Preksha meditation samples consisted of 20 male and female between 20-50 years (16 females, 4 males, mean age = 38.29 years) qualified for the study and completed the baseline measurements. Participants mediated daily for 10 days. Psychological instruments were completed at baseline. A pre and post design was used for the study. Results of a mixed-effects model with Pair-Wise comparisons indicated significant decreases in several psychopathological variables such as anxiety, depression, aggression and enhancement in optimism. Thus this study showed that Preksha meditation can be used as psychotherapeutic intervention for a multitude of clinical issues.

Pages:249-251Jaishree Jain (Department of Psychology, SMS Medical College Jaipur, Rajasthan )

Pages:252-257
Vrushali Pathak (Department of Psychology, Delhi University, Delhi)

Musical peak experiences are a significant component of lives of many. Parallels have been created between musical peak experiences and Intense Musical Experiences. Research has identified a number of components from physiological to psychological (Gabrielsson, Lindström, & Wik, 2003) about the nature of intense experiences with music. The present study was done to explore if Intense Musical Experience(s) could have a long term effect on the experiencing individual. Eight narrative interviews were taken for the same and thematic analysis was used to make meaning of the data. It was found that these experiences were powerful, valued, having lasting effects and were a reason for continued engagement with music and achieving a state of balance both with inner self and the outside world.

Pages:252-257Vrushali Pathak (Department of Psychology, Delhi University, Delhi)

Pages:258-259
Shikha (Department of Psychology, Govt. College for Women, Sirsa, Haryana)

When being asked the question what do you want most out of life, people from all over the world answer: to be happy. Happiness is the mental or emotional state of well-being which is characterized by positive or pleasant emotions. With the positive psychology movement Psychologists all over the world started focusing on the strengths of people and started studying the concept, correlates, and predictors of happiness and well-being. The present paper studies Emotional intelligence (EI) as one of the correlates of happiness. The people with highly developed EI are proven to be more happy and successful in life. Emotionally intelligent people are known to evaluate situations as less stressful and handle them better which results in a higher satisfaction with life and happiness. The present paper throws light on the concepts of happiness and Emotional Intelligence and attempts to find out how these relate to each other.

Pages:258-259Shikha (Department of Psychology, Govt. College for Women, Sirsa, Haryana)

Pages: 347-350
Anjali Sahai and Abha Singh (AIPS, AUUP, Noida, Uttar Pradesh)

The role of Optimistic employees in organizations efficiency and productivity is undeniable. The sense of being grounded and feeling good as a result of Optimism helps to pave way to vitality and eventually higher subjective well-being. Optimism is an attributional style that explains positive events in terms of personal, permanent and pervasive causes. Subjective Well-Being (SWB) is person's cognitive and affective evaluations of his or her life. In order to study the relationship between Optimism and Subjective Well-Being (SWB), a sample of 320 employees working in Private Universities of Delhi/ NCR region were taken. For this purpose, Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) given by Scheier, Carver, and Bridges (1994) and Subjective Well-being Scales- the Satisfaction with Life Scale(SWLS),Scale of Positive and Negative Experience(SPANE) and Flourishing Scale (FS by Ed Diener & Robert Biswas-Diener, 2009) were used. Results show significant relationship between Optimism and Subjective Well Being of employees.

Pages: 347-350Anjali Sahai and Abha Singh (AIPS, AUUP, Noida, Uttar Pradesh)

Pages: 342-346
Sonia Sharma (Department of Education and Community Service, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab)

The recent researches have proved that SQ also plays an equal important role in a person life as IQ and EQ play. This study aims to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence adjustments of working women. It was conducted on a sample of 100 working women of district Ludhiana. The main findings of this study signify that there is significant and negative relationship between spiritual intelligence and adjustment of working women. The working women with a higher level of spiritual intelligence have a higher level adjustment. However, there was significant difference found in spiritual intelligence of working women in relation to their age and family system.

Pages: 342-346Sonia Sharma (Department of Education and Community Service, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab)

Pages: 338-341
Rekha Wagani and Rashi Golani (Amity Institute of Behviour and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Mumbai, Maharashtra)

Aim of the present study is to examine the effect of association (direct, indirect & no association) with spiritual mission on spiritual wellness of adolescence. Both parents and childrens' spiritual association were taken as the criterion to check the level of effectiveness on spiritual well-being. Purposive sampling was used to select the sample which consisted of four groups based on direct association (two groups), indirect association and no association. A total of 100 students participated in the study. A causal comparative design was used to frame the present study. The results supported ecological perspective which emphasized the importance of family/ parenting on spiritual development of children, however child's direct association is most important than only parents association with spiritual mission. The implication of the present study is to fill in the gap in the literature related to spiritual development among adolescence.

Pages: 338-341Rekha Wagani and Rashi Golani (Amity Institute of Behviour and Allied Sciences, Amity University…

Pages: 333-337
Ranju Lal (IIT, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, Jharkhand)
Pramod Pathak (Department of Management, Indian School of Mines Dhanbad, Jharkhand)
K. R. Chaturvedi (Department of Management, Krishna Institute of Engineering, & Technology, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh)

Spirituality is to get knowledge about oneself and the consideration of some supreme power by which the whole world or universe is being run and governed. People also find spirituality through acts of compassion, selfishlessness, altruism and the experience of inner peace. Students nowadays, are subjected to different kinds of stressors, such as the pressure of academics with an obligation to succeed, an uncertain future and difficulties of integrating into the system. This empirical research paper attempts to identify the relation between spirituality and stress in the student life. Perceived Stress Scale 14 (PSS-14) was used to assess stress level and data related to the level of spirituality is collected through the Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES). Obtained score was statistically analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 e.g. to test he hypothesis. Hypothesis said that there is a relationship in Spirituality, stress and academic life of a student. Spirituality is higher than stress will be low and spirituality is low than stress will be high. This paper will present a study on spirituality and other coping techniques are used to cope with perceived stress among college students.

Pages: 333-337Ranju Lal (IIT, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, Jharkhand)Pramod Pathak (Department of Management, Indian…

Pages: 328-332
Aroline K. Tom and Ansia A. (Department of Counselling Psychology, Loyola College of Social Sciences, Trivandrum, Kerala)

Emotional intelligence of adolescents is worth looking, as it plays a key role in their mental health. In this age of globalization, where our traditional way of living is in a transitional phase, there is an increase in competition and stress among adolescents. This paper presents a perspective on relationship between emotional intelligence and test anxiety among adolescents. The sample (n =80) comprised of adolescents in the age range of 14-16 years, who were appearing for the board examination for the first time, are conveniently selected from various higher secondary schools in Trivandrum district, Kerala. Westside Test Anxiety Scale (WTAS) and Emotional Intelligence Inventory (EII) are administered. It was hypothesized that emotional intelligence and socio - demographic factors would be a predictor of Test Anxiety. Results showed a negative correlation between emotional intelligence and test anxiety. Also a significant relation between type of family and emotional intelligence of adolescents are proven. It is important that parents should be aware of the emotional states which students are going through, as their support is very much crucial in adolescent's mental health. This study also discusses the implications of present findings, in school counselling and education.

Pages: 328-332Aroline K. Tom and Ansia A. (Department of Counselling Psychology, Loyola College of Social…
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