Indian Journal of Health & Wellbeing

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Understanding the wellness of students: A comparative study of self-concept and self-confidence Pages: 144-147 Sarwat Jabeen (Department of Psychology, Nirmala College, Ranchi, Jharkhand) Self-concept is best conceived as a system of attitudes towards oneself. It consists of all the personal aspects like learning, perceptions, feelings, attitudes, aspirations, adjustment and values of oneself concerning oneself which determine the academic and other successes of the individual in and out of the school. Self Confidence is the belief in one's own self. It relates to self-assurance in one's personal judgment, ability, power, etc. During adolescence, Self-confidence can vary in different environments, such as at home or in school and be observed in a variety of dimensions. This paper examines the Self Concept and Self Confidence of Christian and Non Christian adolescents, and investigate the gender differences in Self Concept and Self Confidence. The sample consisted of 120 adolescents (60 Christian & 60 nonchristian) from Ranchi District studying in class XII. The male and female (aged 16 to 18) were equally distributed among the samples. Self Concept Rating Scale and Self Confidence Inventory was used for measurement. The data obtained for the variables under study have been subjected to different statistical analysis such as mean, standard deviation (SD), Pearson's correlation and T-test, to understand the impact and relationship between the variables. The findings indicated that there were no significant differences with regard to the Self Concept of male and female and Christian and nonchristian adolescents. Significant Gender differences was found in Self Confidence score. The females had significantly higher level of Self Confidence in comparison to the males. Pages: 144-147Sarwat Jabeen (Department of Psychology, Nirmala College, Ranchi, Jharkhand) Read more Get Access
Clinical personality patterns in HIV patients adopting problem focused and emotional focused ways of coping Pages: 148-151 Asha (STI Counselor, Civil Hospital, Rohtak, Haryana ) Dinesh Singh (Department of Psychology, Government College, Baund Kalan, Bhivani, Haryana ) Rapid increase in HIV/AIDS incidence and its negative impact on the society itself is an alarming stage, making the patients more prone to develop clinical patterns as the disease is highly associated with social stigma, grief and stress. Every patient has to cope with both the disease and the accompanying stresses. However, the HIV patients suffering from psychological and psychiatric disorders can be made able to cope with the disease related stress and worries. HIV/AIDS is also one such disorder with high incidence and prevalence. Each individual suffering from HIV/AIDS adopts a different style and strategy to cope with the disease. If a better way of coping is there it can help the individual to face the negative impacts associated with HIV/AIDS disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate the level of clinical personality patterns in HIV patients adopting problem focused and emotional focused ways of coping. The present study was carried out in Haryana on 250 HIV positive patients having the age from 25 to 50 years (mean age 37.5 years). To assess the coping styles adopted by HIV patients, Folkman and Lazarus (1988) tested the selected subjects with the ways of coping questionnaire and then PAI suggested by Morey (1991) was administered to evaluate the level of clinical personality patterns. The means, SD's can't' values were computed to interpret the data. Statistical analysis indicates that HIV patients adopted emotion focused ways of coping scored significantly higher on all the eleven subscales of PAI. Pages: 148-151Asha (STI Counselor, Civil Hospital, Rohtak, Haryana )Dinesh Singh (Department of Psychology, Government College… Read more Get Access
Civic engagement a precursor to well-being Pages: 152-156 Rashmi Choudhary and Deepali Sharma Gupta (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan) The goal of positive development is the promotion of healthy physical, intellectual, psychosocial and emotional development. It equips young people with attributes, skills, competencies, and values that will contribute to their future role as productive, socially-minded, healthy citizens likely to succeed in areas of family, work, and society. This study investigates the relationship between civic engagement and subjective well-being. To serve this purpose the research designed consisted of 300 participants, 150 females and 150 males, in the age range of 18 to 28 yrs from urban India. Purposive random sampling technique was used. The measurement tools used for the purpose of data collection were the Civic Engagement Scale (CES) by Amy Doolittle and Anna Faul (2013) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) developed by Diener et al. (1985). The results reveal positive correlation between the scores on civic engagement status and subjective well-being (r=0.84, p=<.01). When civic engagement is entered in the regression model with subjective well-being as a criterion for the total sample, civic engagement itself contributed to 57.9% of the variance. Probability that the regression output is not by chance is seen by “significance F”. Engagement as sense of belonging can foster participation in activities, communities, and institutions, and the process of participation can foster a sense of belonging. Civic engagement is critical to both positive youth development and to healthy societies and democracies. In these ways, engagement is both a process and an outcome. It is important to provide emerging adults with more opportunities to experience a sense of and promote prosocial behaviours in the community context. Pages: 152-156Rashmi Choudhary and Deepali Sharma Gupta (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan) Read more Get Access
Effect of concentration of chitosan in increasing colour strength of cotton fabric Pages: 157-160 Mona Verma, Saroj S. Jeet Singh and Neelam M. Rose (Department of Textile and Apparel Designing, I. C. College of Home Science, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana ) Rajvir Singh (Department of Biochemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana ) Natural dyes have better bio degradability and generally have higher compatibility with the environment. They are non toxic, non-allergic to skin, non-carcinogenic, easily available and renewable. Color fastness is the resistance of a material to change any of its color characteristics or extent of transfer of its colorants to adjacent white materials in touch. Generally light fastness, wash fastness and rub fastness are considered for textile fibers. The outer skin of onion contains different phytochemicals which are responsible for giving colour, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties to the fabric. In this study, natural colourants were extracted using different solvents. The dye potential of the colourants obtained from the onion skin dye was evaluated by colouring cotton fabric. Bio mordanting of cotton fabric was done by using biopolymer before dyeing to improve the dyeabilty of cotton fabric with natural dye. L, a, b, Cand H* values and k/s value was studied. Study about the different fastness tests were undertaken by using standard test methods. The chitosan treated cotton fabric showed higher k/s value. Good light fastness, wash fastness, rubbing fastness and perspiration fastness. From an ecological point of view, dyeing of cotton fabric with natural dye with bio mordanting may better alternative to conventional mordanting with chemicals. Pages: 157-160Mona Verma, Saroj S. Jeet Singh and Neelam M. Rose (Department of Textile and… Read more Get Access
Transfer of care: Weakest link in critical care Pages: 161-163 Col. Shashi Vadhanan (Senior Adviser Surgery and Neurosurgery, Army Hospital Research and Referral, Delhi ) Numerous studies have demonstrated that transfer of care of a critically ill patient takes place most frequently in the Intensive care unit of any busy hospital. Communication is particularly important but vulnerable to error during times of transition or a ''hand-off'' from one healthcare professional to another. Several studies conducted so far have highlighted failure of communication between health care personnel as a major threat to patient safety in critical care. These failures also account for over 60% of root causes of sentinel events as reported to the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. Hand off refers to transfer of heath care form one provider to the other. The transfer could mean transfer of information, responsibility or authority from one clinician to the other. Burton and Eaton et al have defined Hand off as verbal and written communication between health care professionals as they transition between work shifts or transfer of primary responsibility of care from one person to other. In the present era of exploding technology and super specialization, it is not only inescapable but also necessary to give the patient the best in health care that is available. This involves frequent transfers. These transfers can involve hand off within a health care set up from one clinician to the other, during duty shift changes or transfers from one institute to the other. The unaware patient is exposed to a complex health care environment which has been undergoing a dynamic change. Adding on to this are variations in clinical practice in various departments within the same health care set up. To provide seamless and uninterrupted health care there should be continuity of information, management and also relations. Previous studies have aimed to define the characteristics of a ''hand-off'' in a variety of settings and contexts such as nursing shift report, ambulance to hospital transfer, and emergency medicine shift changes. Despite all efforts there is a lot that needs to be achieved. To overcome the hand off barrier certain key strategies have been proposed. They include incorporation, standardization and universal implementation of hand off tools, holding frequent education sessions for health care providers as well other stake holders so that hand off becomes smooth and error free. Computer technology can be utilized to incorporate online forms, check lists. It can also provide a structure to guide health care providers when it comes to sharing relevant and critical information. Pages: 161-163Col. Shashi Vadhanan (Senior Adviser Surgery and Neurosurgery, Army Hospital Research and Referral, Delhi… Read more Get Access
An overview of Indian research on challenging behavior Pages: 164-167 Anita Gautam (Department of Psychology, BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh) Anjana Mukhopadhyay (Department of Psychology, MMV, BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh) The Council for Exceptional Children coined the term ‘Emotional and Behavioral Disorder' children including those who were seriously emotionally disturbed. Prominent authors in this field preferred the term 'challenging' than 'inappropriate' or 'problem behavior'. The main forms have been identified as aggressive behavior, destructive behavior, self- injury behavior, stereotype and other socially or sexually unacceptable behavior. Challenging behavior thus, is a cluster of emotional and behavioral problems including both externalizing and internalizing behavioral symptoms. Children with the externalizing behavior problems of conduct disorder are more likely to grow up to become delinquent as adolescents and criminals and violent as adults. Similarly, children's with internalizing behavior problems are more likely to grow up to become depressed and anxious. Methodologically robust studies on community samples in India have reported overall point prevalence rates of 9.4% in children aged 8-12 years, 12.5% in children aged 0-16 years, and 1.81% in adolescence age of 12-16 years. Childhood aggression is associated with a host of personal, social and academic adjustment difficulties including depression, anxiety, peer rejection, loneliness and school dropout. Studies suggested that children who display aggression early in life are also at risk for continued aggression throughout adolescence. Challenging problems are defined more profitably by their function than by their topographies. Thus it is descriptive concept which is largely constructed, and its meaning is subject to changeas per social norms and service delivery patterns over time and across geographical areas. Challenging behaviors as being logically linked to a set of predictable consequences and noted that by understanding these specific consequences, it would be possible to design more effective, efficient, and individualized intervention. Evidence suggests behavioral intervention involving an explicit functional analysis of behavior is the most effective means of assessment and treatment for children with challenging behavior. The aim of this review article is to trace out the range of characteristics of challenging behaviors and the success achieved in controlling such behavior through psychological interventions. Pages: 164-167Anita Gautam (Department of Psychology, BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)Anjana Mukhopadhyay (Department of Psychology, MMV… Read more Get Access
Parenting styles and self-esteem as predictors of aggression Pages: 168-172 Ranjana and Nandini Moudgil (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana) Aggression is defined as an intentional injury or harm to another person and is a widely researched area. More so, because attempts at curbing aggression had been futile so far and thereby, necessitating the need to study aggression at the earliest possible stages of development as prevention is always better than cure. Identification of correlates of aggressive behaviour at an earlier age would be beneficial for preventing aggressive tendencies and maybe helpful in devising a preventive and developmental counselling program so that the impact of negative traits maybe reduced, if not eliminated. Self esteem and parenting styles have been implicated in research aimed at identifying factors associated with aggression. Self esteem is our overall self- evaluation and Child rearing styles are combination of parenting behaviours that occur over a wide range of situations, creating an enduring child rearing climate. The present study was conducted to analyze the relationship between aggression, self esteem and parenting styles. The participants comprised of 100 students belonging to the age range of 18-20 yrs, selected randomly from educational institutions in Haryana. Aggression questionnaire developed by Arnold Buss and Warren (2000) was used to assess aggression level of the sample selected. Self esteem inventory developed by Stanley Cooper smith (1989) was used to find out the level of self esteem of the subjects and Parental authority questionnaire developed by John Buri was used to assess the parenting styles from the point of view of the subjects. The data were analyzed using the Pearson's Product Moment correlation and stepwise regression analysis. The results revealed significant positive correlation between aggression and authoritarian mother (p<0.05), and a significant negative correlation with flexible father (p<0.01).Self esteem was found to have a significant negative correlation with Authoritarian father (p<0.01), and authoritarian mother (p<0.01), but a significant positive correlation with flexible father and mother, both (p<0.01). Stepwise regression analysis revealed that different parenting styles were strong predictors of aggression. Pages: 168-172Ranjana and Nandini Moudgil (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana) Read more Get Access
The predictive power of self-determined job motivation components in explaining job satisfaction and willingness to stay with job among female elementary school teachers in Shiraz Pages: 173-176 Zohreh Asgari (Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan Branch, Arsanjan, Iran ) Fereshteh Mostafavi Rad (Department of Educational & Psychological, Science, Sepidan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sepidan, Iran ) Mahboobeh Chinaveh (Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan Branch, Arsanjan, Iran ) The aim of the present study was to examine the predictive power of self-determined job motivation factors in terms of explaining job satisfaction and willingness to stay with job among female elementary school teachers in Shiraz. To this end, a sample of 320 teachers was selected from female elementary school teachers in Shiraz by multistage cluster sampling. The instruments used to collect the data were Self-Determined Job Motivation Questionnaire, Job Satisfaction Scale, and Willingness To-Stay-With Job Inventory. The collected data were analyzed by using Pearson correlation coefficient and synchronous multi variate regression. The results showed that intrinsic motivation, self-determined motivation, and interjected motivation had a positive significant correlation with job satisfaction. In addition, extrinsic motivation, integrative motivation, and demotivation had a negative significant correlation with job satisfaction among the teachers. It was also found that intrinsic motivation, self-determined motivation, and interjected motivation had a positive significant correlation with willingness to stay with job, while extrinsic motivation, integrative motivation, and demotivation had a negative significant correlation with willingness to stay with job. The results of synchronous multi variate regression indicated that six components of self-determined job motivations had a multiple significant correlation with job satisfaction and willingness to stay with job among female elementary school teachers in this study. Pages: 173-176Zohreh Asgari (Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan Branch, Arsanjan, Iran )Fereshteh Mostafavi… Read more Get Access
Study and compare way of love in the process of engagement and marriage and child-bearing age Pages: 177-179 Adel Ghari (MA in Counseling Tendency Family, General Department Prison of Isfahan, Isfahan Central Prison, Isfahan General Department of Education, Iran ) Mostafa Mashayekhi (Employment Expert General Department Prison of Isfahan, Isfahan Central Prison, Iran ) Positive and significant correlation between men and women are in love, the more the feeling of love in men or women increases, his wife will love. Although these correlations are significant, although these correlations are significant, but the maximum correlation observed between women and men in the intimacy of love. This correlation may be easily explained, according to Maslow. According to them there is reciprocity love and intimacy. If mutual love was quite the intensity of the correlation coefficient should be greater than this. On the other hand one could argue that love in every dimension The couple would not love the wife in the same dimension, but growth may be in another dimension of love; For example, expression of frenzy in men, may give rise to a feeling of intimacy and commitment, sincerity and commitment expressed in women or in women, causes a feeling of growth and commitment in men. The findings could pave the way for new studies about love is to pilot projects, appropriate therapeutic interventions to strengthen love in marriage and its problems formulated. It should be noted that the full study entitled "Dimensions of three-dimensional theory of love in the loving couples in stage four nominations, Marriage, Marriage, marry and have children "by doctor Abdollah Farahbakhsh, And Abdullah Shafiabady do. Men compared with women, begin married life with greater love, but women retain more love in life. Women begin married life with more intimacy and in the marriage that still do not have children; compared with men express more intimacy and parenting courses increase it further. While the percentage of male intimacy is almost declining. Men compared with women, begin married life with greater love, but women retain more love in life. Women begin married life with more intimacy And in the marriage that still do not have children, compared with men express more intimacy and parenting courses increase it further. While the percentage of male intimacy is almost declining. Love is a psychological state that during the last three decades been regarded social psychological and scientific research has been done on its effects on human life. Pages: 177-179Adel Ghari (MA in Counseling Tendency Family, General Department Prison of Isfahan, Isfahan Central… Read more Get Access
Guided meditation: A regimen for mental health Pages: 180-182 Anita Moral (Department of Psychology, S.V. Degree College, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh ) Guided meditation is a process by which one or more participants meditate in response to the instructions by concerning expert. The instructions may comprise of verbal guidance, written script, audio or audio-visual mediums to practice the meditation. To study the role of guided meditation in achieving peaceful and sound mental health as a regular practice. By analyzing and reviewing the existing studies and other available feedback sources by practitioners and therapists. Various studies and findings suggest that guided meditation is a significant beneficial technique in attaining sound mental health and works as one of the best alternative approach in promoting healing process. JAMA Internal Medicine review found that a mindfulness stress reduction programme helped to relief of anxiety symptoms in people with general anxiety disorder, a condition marked by hard to control wishes, poor sleep, and irritability. Meditation creates a deep understanding about self and helpful to create serene and sound health overall. Pages: 180-182Anita Moral (Department of Psychology, S.V. Degree College, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh ) Read more Get Access
An analysis of diabetes distress among type 1 diabetics Pages: 287-289 Supriya Sioni and Kamayani Mathur (Department of Psychology, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat) Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder of multiple aetiology characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both (WHO, 1999). Type 1 DM is one of the most common endocrine and metabolic conditions among children. With 70,000 newly diagnosed young people every year, the prevalence of type 1 DM is growing globally (IDF, 2011). Distress is a term which describes a range of symptoms and experiences of an inner life of a person which leads to troubles, confusions and abnormalities. Diabetes Distress (DD) refers to the unique, often hidden emotional burdens and worries that are part of the spectrum of patient experience when managing a severe, demanding chronic disease like diabetes. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between DD and type 1 diabetics in relation to gender and presence of clinical comorbidity. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample of 40 type 1 diabetics equally divided gender wise and as per the presence of clinical comorbidity. The sample was selected from various hospitals of Ahmedabad city aged between 18-30 years. Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS) was administered to the patients. The results were statistically analysed using student's 't' test. The findings revealed that DD was found to be more in male type 1 diabetics than female type 1 diabetics. Diabetics with clinical comorbidities had higher DD than diabetics with no clinical comorbidities. Pages: 287-289Supriya Sioni and Kamayani Mathur (Department of Psychology, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat) Read more Get Access
Determinants of age at marriage: A community based retrospective report of women in Manipur Pages: 183-187 N. Sanajaoba Singh (Directorate of Census Operations, Porompat, Manipur ) L. Hemochandra (School of Social Science, CPGS, CAU, Barapani ) The purpose of this study is to examine various socio-economic and demographic factors affecting age at marriage among Manipuri women. For this purpose a cross sectional as well as community based study was conducted through cluster sampling in four districts of Manipur Imphal West, Imphal East, Thoubal and Bishnupur. The aim of this study is to identify factors affecting age at marriage among women in Manipur. Univariate, bivariate and logistic regression were employed to examine the relationship between age at marriage and selected background variables. The mean age at marriage is 22.19 years and nearly 16.7% of women are married before 18 years. The findings from logistics regressions indicate that among the six variables of interst, only three factors religion, educational level and age at menarche are the most important determinants of age at marriage in Manipur. The finding of this study may have some policy implication that would help the planners and policy makers of the government to take necessary steps in achieving female age at marriage as high as possible. Pages: 183-187N. Sanajaoba Singh (Directorate of Census Operations, Porompat, Manipur )L. Hemochandra (School of Social… Read more Get Access
Self-concept of adolescents in context to their gender, location and type of schools Pages: 188-190 Amrinder Kaur (Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab ) Agyajit Singh (Department of Psychology (Retd.), Punjabi University, Patiala ) The study was conducted to measure the self-concept among adolescents in context to gender, location of area (rural & urban) and types of schools (Government & Private). A sample of 400 students of 9th and 10th classes were selected randomly; out of which 200 were male addresses (100 rural & 100 urban) and 200 female adolescents (again 100 rural & 100 urban) studying in government and private schools. Self-concept inventory standardized by Raj Kumar Saraswat was administered to subjects to measure their self-concept. The results show that males were having better self-concept than females. There were no differences between rural and urban as well as government and private school adolescents on self-concept. Pages: 188-190Amrinder Kaur (Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab )Agyajit Singh (Department of Psychology (Retd.)… Read more Get Access
Effect of life skill training on mental health of Iranian high school students Pages: 191-195 Naved Iqbal (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi ) Hassan Rahimi and FahimeRezai (Department of Psychology, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran ) Sarah Alvi (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi ) Mental health problems are common among Iranian female adolescents and there were conflicting studies regarding the effect of life skill training on mental health. Therefore, present study was aimed at studying the effect of life skill training on mental health in high school female students in Tehran, Iran. Total sample of the present study comprised sixty (60) female students. They were assigned randomly to experimental and control groups. Each group had 30 subjects the experimental group was given Life skill training for 10 days, while the control group was not given such training. Mental health of the Experimental and control group was measured before and after Life skill training. Mental health was measured with the help of the General Health questionnaire developed by Goldberg (1978). It includes the dimensions of physical, anxiety, social dysfunction and depression. ANCOVA was used to analyze the data. Results showed that on all the dimensions of mental health experimental group had scored better than control group on post condition. Thus, life skill training was highly effective in improving mental health of the subjects. Effect size of life skill training on various dimensions of mental health was from moderate to large. Pages: 191-195Naved Iqbal (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi )Hassan Rahimi and FahimeRezai… Read more Get Access
Peer pressure among adolescents in relation to family climate Pages: 196-199 Pushpa, Ramnath and Sandeep Singh (Department of Applied Psychology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana) Adolescent is a very critical and crucial period of life. Adolescents are exposed to different kind of peer influences ranging from health risk behaviors to how to behave in social environment. Peer pressure has both positive and negative effects on the psyche of adolescents. Present study focuses on the relationship between family climate and peer pressure among adolescents. The present research work was carried out on a sample of 150 young adults (75 males & 75 females) having age range of 18-21 years. The sample was taken from different educational institutions. The major tools used in the present study were Family Climate Scale propounded by Beena Shah (1990) and Peer Pressure Scale by (Singh & Saini, 2010). After collection of the data, statistical analysis has been made with the help of statistical tools of descriptive statistics, Pearson product moment method of correlation and Independent sample-t test. It has been observed in the finding that there is inverse relationship between positive family climate and peer pressure. The finding of the study also showed that there has been significant gender difference on some dimensions of family climate and peer pressure. Pages: 196-199Pushpa, Ramnath and Sandeep Singh (Department of Applied Psychology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science… Read more Get Access
Workplace bullying in school teachers: An Indian enquiry Pages: 200-205 Saurabh Sinha and Rama Shankar Yadav (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi ) This paper aims to explore the shared understanding about workplace bullying in Indian educational settings. The study also intends to explore the major antecedents and consequences of workplace bullying. Possible solutions to diminish the workplace bullying among teachers were also generated. Qualitative thematic analysis was carried out to engender the meaning and possible solutions for reducing the impact of workplace bullying. Twenty semi structured interviews on senior secondary (10+2) teachers were conducted during the study. Workplace bullying as perceived by Indian teachers was a prolonged act of humiliation and excessive monitoring on employees. Workplace bullying occurs in Indian educational context to exhibit power and establish dominance over the employees. It was also reported that bullied employees had frequent complaint of problems such as stress, anxiety and depression. The act of bullying may even develop intention to quit the job, which is considered detrimental for the organization. Pages: 200-205Saurabh Sinha and Rama Shankar Yadav (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi ) Read more Get Access
Indian woman representation: The male eye and the media lens Pages: 206-210 Amrita Bedi (Department of Psychology, North Campus, University of Delhi, New Delhi ) Simran Bedi (Clinical Psychologist, Masina Hospital, Mumbai ) Contemporary world is dominated by communication that transforms and transfers information at a rate where it is not possible to escape its influences. Media mediates our attitude, outlook and lifestyle and moulds the stances we take in our everyday lives. The infamous Delhi Gang Rape case of 16th December, 2012 brought in a revolution in the world of media regarding a topic otherwise stigmatized and expanded the public eye's view of Indian woman and her portrayal of being the “weaker sex”. With this as the background the present study aims at elucidating the inter-generational differences of Indian men towards their view of woman and her associated roles. A mixed method approach was adopted to evaluate the concept related to women. The sample consisted of 100 Indian males-50 from the age group of 18-25 years and 50 from 45-55 years. For quantitative analysis, semantic differential method was used and the D-statistic was calculated. For the qualitative analysis, blogs written post 16th December, 2012 Delhi gang-rape were analyzed and the themes arising in them were identified. Results indicate an average magnitude of difference between the males of two age groups in their view of woman and her various roles that of a wife, daughter, girl-friend, mother to name a few. Qualitative analysis of the blogs helped identity the following themes: belief of a good and bad woman, entirety of appearance, concept of freedom and her safety as forwarded by men. Results highlight the issue of a woman as being acceptable only when her identity is defined by the male and also, when she lives within the parameters drawn by the conservative social order. The study has implications for the field of gender studies, development studies, cross- cultural studies and issues of women empowerment. Pages: 206-210Amrita Bedi (Department of Psychology, North Campus, University of Delhi, New Delhi )Simran Bedi… Read more Get Access
Opinions of college going rural girls about eve teasing: A sociological analysis Pages: 211-213 Vinod Kumari and Kamaljeet Kaur (Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana) The modern India is emerging as a global power but for half of its population, the women across the country, struggle to live life with dignity continue. Women, irrespective of their caste, class and educational status, are not safe and have been the victim of exploitations since long time in different fields in their life both physically, socially, mentally and economically. Eve teaching is the most common act of public violence against women which includes various forms of harassment like making vulgar comment, indecent proposal, unwelcome gestures, attempt to make physical contact, etc. The present study was conducted on 75 girls studying in rural colleges. The data were collected using a interview schedule and analysed for drawing inferences. The results revealed that 64.0 per cent respondents had faced one or other form of eve teaching in their life. More than 2/3rd of the respondents were against the opinion that dress of girl is responsible for eve teaching. The main causes of eve teaching explained by the respondents were lack of respect for girls (89.0%), lack of education (80.0%), lower sex ratio (70.0%), low mentality of males (68.0%) and shyness of girls (67.0%). Majority of girls were of the opinion that incidence of eve teasing can be reduced by strictly enforcing laws (72.0%), moral education at home (76.0%), informing parents (80.0%), awareness about surrounding and self confidence (84.0% each). Expectations of girl students from government and educational institutions have also been discussed and it was concluded that more awareness among girls and preventive measures are needed to curb the menace of eve teasing. Pages: 211-213Vinod Kumari and Kamaljeet Kaur (Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana) Read more Get Access
Treating negative self-appraisal in a young adult male with social anxiety disorder using integrative CBT Pages: 214-216 Jyoti Dubey and Shweta Singh (King Georges Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh) Social anxiety disorder is highly distressing for the sufferer as it causes substantial impairment in social and occupational spheres of life. We discuss about a young male with social anxiety disorder due to negative appraisal of himself. He had the complaints of fear of interacting with people, fear of speaking at public places negative about himself which increased since last 3 years. He was treated with Integrative CBT using elements of CBT, Exposue therapy and Visualization techniques. Pages: 214-216Jyoti Dubey and Shweta Singh (King Georges Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh) Read more Get Access
Experiencing school supportiveness: Assessment of negative mental health in children Pages: 217-221 Aradhana Shukla (Department of Psychology, Kumaun University Campus, Almora, Uttrakhand) This study was aimed to find relative efficacy of grade, types of school, gender and level of experiential supportiveness of school climate on negative mental health with special reference to emotional disturbance and depression in children and early adolescents. It was contended that: Variation in grade would cause variation in emotional disturbance and depression; Participants studying in different schools would show difference in their scores of emotional disturbance and depression; Boys and girls would show difference in the magnitude of emotional disturbance and depression; Magnitude of discrepancy in relation to emotional disturbance and depression would found different with difference in the scores of experiential supportiveness of school climate. Three hundred and sixty participants of 5-9 grades served as participants and they were arranged according to the requirements of 4-way factorial design with 3 grades (5, 7, & 9), 3 types of schools (public, government, & municipal), 2 gender (boys & girls) and 2 levels of school climate supportiveness (high & low). In this study three measures were taken and they were: school climate supportiveness scale, emotional disturbance scale and depression Scale. Data were analyzed quantitatively as well as qualitatively. It was found that all main effects and interactions were significant. A close relationship between emotional disturbance and depression was also revisited. Pages: 217-221Aradhana Shukla (Department of Psychology, Kumaun University Campus, Almora, Uttrakhand) Read more Get Access
Noise effect on short-term memory of traffic personnel Pages: 222-224 Suman Singh and Shaila Parveen (Department of Psychology, Smt. G. K. G. Kanya, Mahavidyalya, Jaysingpur, Maharashtra ) The purpose of the present study is to find out the Noise Effect on Short Term Memory among Traffic Personnel. It was hypothesized that, (i) There will be significant difference between high noise (high db) and low noise (low db) among Short Term Memory (ii) There will be no significant difference between male and female traffic personnel among Short Term Memory. The Sample (n = 40) for this study consisted traffic personnel in Sangli and Kolhapur districts. Data was collected through Short Term Memory scale and Sound Meter application. Obtained data analyzed by student 't' test. Result reveled that, (i) there are strongly differ on high noise and low noise among Short Term Memory and (ii) there are no difference between male and female traffic personnel among Short Term Memory. That means both hypotheses was accepted. Pages: 222-224Suman Singh and Shaila Parveen (Department of Psychology, Smt. G. K. G. Kanya, Mahavidyalya… Read more Get Access
Study of happiness among male and female students of professional background using social media Pages: 225-227 Manju Jha (Department of Sociology, Govt. Pt Shyamacharan, Shukla College, Dharsewa, Pt Ravishankar, Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh ) Ushakiran Agrawal (Department of Psychology, Govt. D.B. Girls, P. G. College, Pt Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh ) The present study focuses on studying social media and happiness among male and female students of professional background using social media. A sample of 40 female 40 male students from professional educational background ( engineering, medical , management ) were chosen on incidental cum random basis . The data obtained was put to t test, male students of professional educational background and social media users were found happier as compared to female professional students and media users. Pages: 225-227Manju Jha (Department of Sociology, Govt. Pt Shyamacharan, Shukla College, Dharsewa, Pt Ravishankar, Shukla… Read more Get Access
Living with type 1 diabetes: Diabetic children’s experiences and perceptions Pages: 228-233 Neelima Chopra and Bindiya Narang (Centre for Early Childhood Development and Research, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi) Research studies on health and disease have been recurrently inclined towards demographic and medical perspectives. Lately the importance of 'emic' perspective has been realized in this field so as to understand from the viewpoints, perceptions and opinions of the concerned subjects. With the 'new sociology of childhood' emphasizing the agency of children, it is imperative to consider children's acuity and listen to their assertions in the matters that affect their life and living. The foregoing paper derives its stance from an interpretative research with Type 1 Diabetic children and features their perceptions related to ongoing health condition and treatment seeking, the stressors encountered, impact on their daily activities as well as coping patterns. Thirty children, aged 6-12 years, seeking treatment in a public hospital setting were enrolled for the study with due consent from the guardians and after seeking assent from children themselves. To obtain relevant data, child friendly methods such as storytelling and personalized informal interviews were used and the narratives obtained were analyzed and interpreted thematically. The findings ascertained that children were aware of their condition and found it highly disturbing and stressful. The most cited problems were restricted diet, daily multiple insulin injections and associated pain, episodes of hypoglycemia, constant fatigue, incessant parental vigil and missed school. Besides, it was noted that incongruity with distressed care givers negatively impacted children's own self esteem as well as treatment adherence. A repertoire of positive strategies such as learning to self administer insulin injections, maintaining self written journal of daily blood glucose levels, and self motivated observance of dietary and treatment regimen were also noted in a few children. The study purports engaging opportunities for diabetic children to express their views, integrating their perspectives in healthcare delivery and a deliberate strategy to assist them tide over their condition. Pages: 228-233Neelima Chopra and Bindiya Narang (Centre for Early Childhood Development and Research, Jamia Millia… Read more Get Access
Effect of ICBT on alienation among individuals with depression in relation to personality type Pages: 234-236 Renuka Joshi and Kanchan Yadav (Department of Psychology, D.A.V. (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttaranchal) The present study was undertaken to explore the effect of ICBT on alienation among individuals with depression of Type A/B personality types, for which 2x2x2 factorial design was made. The selected sample of 80 subjects of 18-40 years of age was equally divided on the basis of personality types and gender. The stratified random sampling was used for sample selection. ADSS scale developed by Pallavi Bhatnagar (2011) was administered for screening. Type A/B Behavioural pattern scale developed by Upinder Dhar and Manisha Jain (2001) was employed to measure personality types. For measuring Alienation Al- Scale (2010) developed by Hardeo Ojha was used. Each subject was introduced to internet based CBT intervention. Pre and post test were followed to measure the effect of ICBT on depression, and alienation. After data collection statistical analysis was done. The t-test and ANOVA was utilised to examine the outcome of the study. Results revealed that Type A and Type B personality differ significantly after ICBT intervention on depression and alienation. This difference was found to be higher on depression and alienation after ICBT intervention of subjects with type A personality. Results also revealed that male and female subjects differ significantly after ICBT intervention on depression and alienation. Pre post intervention on depression and alienation scores was also found to differ significantly. Pages: 234-236Renuka Joshi and Kanchan Yadav (Department of Psychology, D.A.V. (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttaranchal) Read more Get Access
Cultural interpretations of dreams: The case of native Amharic language speakers in Amhara region, Ethiopia Pages: 237-241 Hilawe Kinfemichael and M.V.R. Raju (Department of Psychology and Parapsychology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh) Dreams are generally thought of as either messages of good things to come, encouragement and guidance or warnings of threats, danger or bad news. Dreams in some cultures signify the death of close relatives and still others believe dreams are the opposite of what is dreamt. Thus, in this study a rigorous attempt has been made to examine the cultural interpretations and uses of dreams at a glance in Amhara region native Amharic language speakers. Key informants and people who are believed to have a skill in interpreting dreams are interviewed. Then, the various types of dreams were first collected in the source language (Amharic Language) and then transcribed in to English language. This study used qualitative design mainly content analysis approach. After an in-depth reading and rereading of the various types of dreams, nineteen dreams were selected and arranged in to three major themes by using thematic coding. Numerous types of dreams interpretation and uses were analyzed in relation to the cultural values, beliefs and norms of the society. Thus, the findings of the study showed dreams with good fortunes, bad fortunes and those that signify the death of close relatives. In conclusion, the people in this region have established their own set of social and cultural values. Dreams, their use and interpretations in this part are mainly derived from the religious and traditional values and beliefs of the society. Finally, the study recommended to study dreams scientifically and systematically to help in the therapeutic process. Pages: 237-241Hilawe Kinfemichael and M.V.R. Raju (Department of Psychology and Parapsychology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra… Read more Get Access

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