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Pages: 511-514
Yamini Ambikar and Preeti Mathur (Department of Psychology, Jai Narayan Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan)

The present study is conducted with the aim to compare juvenile delinquents and normal adolescents on the level of aggression and self-concept. The sample consisted of 50 adolescents (25 juvenile delinquents & 25 normal adolescents). Data for delinquents was collected from juvenile reform home, Jodhpur. Aggression questionnaire and Self-Concept inventory were used to measure aggression and self-concept respectively. The statistical result was obtained using mean, standard deviation, 't' test and Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient. The result indicated no significant difference between juvenile delinquents and normal adolescents but it explored small positive correlation between aggression and self-concept of juvenile delinquents and slightly negative correlation between same factors among normal adolescents.
Pages: 511-514 Yamini Ambikar and Preeti Mathur (Department of Psychology, Jai Narayan Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan)
Pages: 515-517
Sneh Kapoor (Department of Psychology, Jesus and Mary College, Delhi University, New Delhi)
Manju Mehta (Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi)
Bhumika Kapoor (Department of Psychology, Jesus and Mary College, Delhi University, New Delhi)

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder is the fourth most prevalent among mental disorders, yet its clinical presentation varies among individuals. Much research has focused on the gender differences in the presentation of OCD subtypes. The present study aims to understand gender differences in the manifestation of OCD subtypes, and the relative prevalence of the subtypes among the two genders in the Indian context. The preliminary sample constitutes 50 consecutive patients reporting to the Outpatient Psychiatric services and Child and Adolescent Clinic at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. Participants between the age of 15 to 45 years, with a diagnosis of OCD (mixed), and not suffering from comorbid Axis I disorders were included for the study. Obsessive Compulsive symptoms were studied using YBOCS and categorized under six headings of obsessions/ compulsions. Significant difference was seen between males and females along various types of obsessions and compulsions. Females rated higher on contamination doubts and cleaning compulsions, while males rated significantly higher on pathological doubt and checking compulsions.
Pages: 515-517 Sneh Kapoor (Department of Psychology, Jesus and Mary College, Delhi University, New Delhi) Manju Mehta…
Pages: 518-524
Nisha Chaudhary (Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar College, University of Delhi, Delhi)
N. K. Chadha (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)
Salma Seth (Department of Applied Psychology, Vivekananda College, University of Delhi, Delhi)

Positive psychology has come up as a field which portrays a balanced view of human beings. The present research aimed at understanding the aspects of positive psychology (Quality of Life) in relation to geriatrics. The study tried to find the difference between elderly from different culture and living arrangements on Quality of Life. A pilot study was conducted to find the correlations between the English and the Hindi translated versions of the tool used, as the elderly sample was comfortable with the Hindi language. OPQOL (Older people Quality of Life Questionnaire) based on QOL ONS Omnibus Survey (2008) was used for study. The total sample under study were 179. The sample was classified on the basis of culture (rural & urban) and living arrangements (living with families, living with old age homes & those living only with spouses). The comparison of different aspects of Quality of Life on the basis of culture showed that rural elderly are much higher than urban elderly on their Physical health, Social relationship, Freedom, Psychological and Emotional well-being and also Finances. The overall comparison of different aspects of Quality of Life for whole sample, showed that for Health, Home and Freedom; the mean scores portrays a higher level for rural elderly living with families, then comes urban elderly living with families after that urban elderly living only with their spouses and at last urban elderly living in old age homes. For overall Life and Social Relationships the mean values are highest for urban elderly living with families then comes rural elderly living with families after that urban elderly living only with spouses and at last urban elderly living in old age homes. For Psychological well being and Finances, the mean values were highest for rural elderly living with families, then comes urban elderly living with families, after that urban elderly who are living in old age homes and at last urban elderly staying only with their spouse. The research observed that rural elderly showed a better Quality of Life.
Pages: 518-524 Nisha Chaudhary (Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar College, University of Delhi, Delhi) N. K. Chadha (Department…
Pages: 525-529
Swati Jain (Department of Psychology, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, University of Delhi, Delhi)
Surbhi Kumar (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)
Swati Jain (Counselling Psychologist, S.C.D.A.V., Noida, Uttar Pradesh)

With the increased life expectancies, changing demographics, India's elderly population is at the highest ever 8.1% of total population, making it imperative for both policy makers and practitioners to be concerned with the well-being of the elderly and their successful ageing. An active life, positive interpersonal relationships, positive engagement and continued employment are markers of successful ageing and high psychological well-being. The present study investigates the effect of post retirement work involvement (paid or voluntary) on mental health of retired individuals. The sample consisted of 68 retirees out of which 34 were working and 34 were non-working post retirement and they were assessed using the Mental Health Inventory (MHI; Veit & Ware, 1983) with two global scales of Psychological Well-being (PWB) and Psychological Distress (PD) and a global Mental Health Index (MHI). The effect of post retirement work involvement on subscales of general positive affect, emotional ties, life satisfaction, anxiety, depression and loss of behavioural/emotional control was also measured. Significant differences were seen in the mental health, psychological well-being and psychological distress of the two groups along with the differences in the subscales. These insights can be used for enhancing the mental well-being of the retirees through continued life engagement post retirement.
Pages: 525-529 Swati Jain (Department of Psychology, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, University of Delhi, Delhi) Surbhi Kumar (Department of…
Pages: 530-534
Subhash Chander, Jatesh Kathpalia, and Rashmi Tyagi (Department of Sociology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana )

The dowry system is a cultural system in India in which the parents of the bride pay a large sum of money, expensive jewellery and other gifts such as car or other household items to the parents of the groom during marriage. The social and cultural efforts of the dowry system are devastating to the society as a whole. Dowry is the result of long standing power in balance between men and women and thus seriously compromises the well being, productivity and contribution of one half the populations. Therefore it was important to bring to light the issues affecting women in this reason. Two hundred women were randomly selected from Karnal and Sirsa districts of Haryana and out of those of 39, who were affected the problem related to dowry in both reasons. It was found that more than half of respondents (51.28%) reported that dowry was demanded before marriage, 30.77% at the time of marriage while 17.95% demanded it after marriage. The maximum numbers of cases regarding dowry demand were made by their husbands (41.03%) in the form of vehicles, cash-money, Jewellery etc. The core reason for dowry was greed like purchase of motor vehicles, business expansion and employment. Customs and ritual were also found as main reason for dowry. Concerted efforts are required to curb violence against women regarding dowry in Haryana.
Pages: 530-534 Subhash Chander, Jatesh Kathpalia, and Rashmi Tyagi (Department of Sociology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana…
Pages: 535-537
Shailja Rana, N. K. Chadha and Deepesh Rathore (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)

There has been a tremendous increase in the suicide rates of adolescents in India. The etiology for suicide includes various factors like psychiatric illness, financial crunch and unemployment. Though many efforts have been made to reduce the suicide rates, they have not been very effective due to lack of empirical data regarding the cause of committing suicide. An effort has been made to review the causes of increased suicide rates among adolescents in India and suggest certain policy recommendations to curb the suicides.
Pages: 535-537 Shailja Rana, N. K. Chadha and Deepesh Rathore (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi…
Pages: 538-543
Surbhi Kumar (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi )

The focus of the present study is to look at alternative paradigms to understand development of adolescents. Although adolescents make up about 20 per cent of the world's population, they have traditionally been neglected as a distinct target group. In the western framework, adolescence has been described as a period of “storm and stress” fraught by conflicts with parents, mood disruption including extreme emotions, increased substance abuse, heavy reliance on peers and vulnerability to peer pressure and risky behaviour and therefore adolescents as problems. Indian Psychology has grown as discipline offering the approach to growth of self and others and a refreshing change of ideology from focussing on the problem to focussing on the possible alternatives. Through analysis of 9 verses of Bhagavad Gita or the “Song of the Divine One”, a guide for adolescents has been formulated to fill in the lacunae that western psychology has failed to address. This study attempts to move in the direction of guidance that is from “this is wrong” to “this is right” such it helps them have a better understanding of their being and facilitate well-being in this difficult age.
Pages: 538-543 Surbhi Kumar (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi )
Pages: 544-547
Chandani Mehta and Tara Singh (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

Global epidemic of obesity is one of the largest public health problems in the world. Obesity is related to a number of co-morbid conditions which lead to disability and early death. Failure to self-regulation, such as to make plans, choose from alternatives, control impulses, inhibit unwanted thoughts and regulate social behaviour, is considered as an important cause of obesity and related co-morbid conditions. The present study sought to examine the relationships of self- regulation skills, general health and weight conditions. Participants (Obese=29, Overweight=29, Normal weight=28) were administered the Self Regulation Scale (SRS) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) to assess level of their self-regulatory skills and general health problems of people with different weight conditions. Results indicated that participants with higher weight conditions scored significantly lower on self-regulation and reported poor health. Also, obese participants displayed relative deficit in self regulation compared to overweight and normal weight participants. Overall findings revealed crucial role of Body Mass Index (BMI) in both self regulation skills and co-morbid psychological problems.
Pages: 544-547 Chandani Mehta and Tara Singh (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)
Pages: 548-550
Neeti Kaushik (Department of Psychology, D.D.U Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur)

In the present scenario health is a broad topic for social science researcher. The concept of health is changing with the passage of time. Now, health is viewed not only as the total absence of disease, but also it includes social and behavioral well-being. Violence has an array of possible expressions and consequences: someone could become disabled after being caught in cross-fire on their way to school or work; could be shot and sexually violated whilst fleeing a war zone; or could be tortured and humiliated at gunpoint with no shot actually fired. Human rights are not the exclusive preserve of any individual and group. They are neither owned by anyone nor can be doled out as a gift by one to another. They belong to all of us individually and collectively. They are universal and indivisible. This paper attempts to provide a review about the mental health status of youth, violence and their human rights because mental health and well-being is influenced by the social circumstances in which individuals find themselves and the environment in which they live.
Pages: 548-550 Neeti Kaushik (Department of Psychology, D.D.U Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur)
Pages: 551-553
Preeti Mathur and Hemlata (Department of Psychology, J.N.V. University Jodhpur, Rajasthan)

The study was aimed to find out youth problems and personality type. For this purpose 50 boys and 50 girls were taken as sample. The age of the sample was 16 to 20 years. Personality type i.e. that is introversion-extroversion was assessed by IE test by Joshi and youth problems were assessed by Youth Problem Inventory by Mithlesh Verma. Mean, SD and t was calculated. Result revealed no significance difference on youth problems between extroverts and introverts. Indicating well-being and social functioning of youth which may be the outcome of good parenting. In other words, home environment reinforces life skills and make the youth well adjusted.
Pages: 551-553 Preeti Mathur and Hemlata (Department of Psychology, J.N.V. University Jodhpur, Rajasthan)
Pages: 554-556
Shivani Saini and Kiran Maheshwari (Department of Psychology, MJRP University, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

he present study aimed to examine the relationship between personality and mental health of male and female army officers. Sample consisted of 200 army officers out of which 100 were males and rest 100 were female officers. The sample was assessed on Singh's Differential Personality Inventory by Arun Kumar Singh and Ashish Kumar Singh and Mental Health Inventory by Jagdish and Srivastava, correlation between the samples revealed that there is a positive and significant relation between personality and mental health of male and female officers.
Pages: 554-556 Shivani Saini and Kiran Maheshwari (Department of Psychology, MJRP University, Jaipur, Rajasthan)
Pages: 557-558
Preeti Mathur and Meenakshi Sidhawat (Department of Psychology, J.N.V. University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan)

The Present research investigation is based on the study of Family involvement in female professionals as related with age. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of age on family involvement. The sample consisted of 200 subjects divided into two groups:- (a) 25-34 years, (b) 35-45 years. Family Involvement Scale developed and standardized by Singh and Singh (2012) was used to collect the data. Mean, SD and t-test values were calculated to analyze the data. The result showed that the level of family involvement in both age groups of female professionals are different. There are significance difference in both groups related to age with family involvement level. The result will be interpreted by empirical basis and its implication.
Pages: 557-558 Preeti Mathur and Meenakshi Sidhawat (Department of Psychology, J.N.V. University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan)
Pages: 559-561
Swati Gaur (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)

Mass communication is plainly amidst a monstrous move. What shape will it take, the truth will surface eventually. Every development includes something the one hand and subtracts something on the other. In any occasion, every single such development has unforeseeable impacts. A final point on which there can be little uncertainty is that the mass media, regardless of whether molders or reflectors of progress, are without a doubt messengers about change, or seen accordingly by their producers and their groups of onlookers, and it is around this perception that the primary viewpoints on mass communication can best be composed. This paper in view of studies made so far will relook at the wonders where media is probably going to influence changes socially and politically, especially in a just set up where they should work openly and talk courageously.
Pages: 559-561 Swati Gaur (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)
Pages: 562-567
Richa Malhotra (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi)

Bullying, a form of social behaviour which is aggressive in nature, is known to impact one and all, in different contexts and varying intensities. These behaviours, if unchecked, have the potential to cause damage for an individual in terms of socio-emotional implications. In today's age of omnipresent media, we need to understand the role of media culture as a factor perpetuating cyberbullying as well as how it can be used in conjunction with positive psychology to effectively reduce bullying. The present study is an effort to foster the latter, by studying the influence of media culture on bullying behaviours. For this purpose, fifty participants, divided across 5 focus groups were selected (N=50) using convenience sampling. A brief introduction of the study was given to each group of participants, who gave their consent to be a part of the study. An experiential approach was entailed. For every group, a video based on bullying and its effects was screened. This was followed by focus group discussions, held in the light of a semi-structured interview schedule. Thematic Analysis was employed to interpret the data. Based on the findings, results were put forth in the form of themes. Prominent themes that emerged included nature, relational bullying, causes and impact, sources, role of the family, role of bystanders and prevention.
Pages: 562-567 Richa Malhotra (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi)
Pages: 568-570
Jaishree Jain (Department of Psychology, SMS Medical College Jaipur, Rajasthan)

It is observed that there is a tremendous increase in brain drain in India. It is clearly not just a matter of increasing their income which in any event would be difficult or impossible to do on a large scale. So a present study aims to investigate the personality factor (Locus of Control) in making decision for migration. A sample of 50 male Indians intending to migrate to USA was compared on Locus of control with a matched sample of 50 Indians who planned to remain in India. The data were collected by Locus of Control scale by Rotter et al. (1976). A mail questionaire procedure was used. Mean, SD and Anova indicated that there is a significant difference between Locus of Control of emigrants and non emigrants. The findings indicate that Locus of control has influential role in decision making for migration.
Pages: 568-570 Jaishree Jain (Department of Psychology, SMS Medical College Jaipur, Rajasthan)
Pages: 571-573
Priyanka (AIBAS, Amity University, Gurgaon, Haryana)

Marriage is considered as a very important institution around the world and also the most beautiful relationship. Marital adjustment has long been a popular topic in studies of the family, probably because the concept is believed to be closely related to the stability of a given marriage. The definition of marriage varies according to different cultures, but it is principally an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually sexual, are acknowledged. This states that marital adjustment very much depends upon sexual satisfaction also. The present study examines the association among sexual satisfaction and marital adjustment. Sample of the study considered of 100 working women from Delhi/ NCR. Their age ranged between 25-35 years. Revised Dyadic adjustment scale and Satisfaction with the sex life scale is used. Result indicates that there is a significant relation between sex life satisfaction and marital adjustment.
Pages: 571-573 Priyanka (AIBAS, Amity University, Gurgaon, Haryana)
Pages: 574-577
संध्या शर्मा ( सहायक प्रवक्ता (कल्चर), CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)
सतीश कश्यप (लोक नाट्यकार, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Animal & Vety. Sciences)

लोकसंस्कृति को जानने एवम् समझने के लिए लोकसंगीत को समझ लेना अत्यन्त आवश्यक है। लोक धरातल को स्वयं में संचित कर, भावों की अभिव्यक्ति को, जो सक्षमता के साथ प्रस्तुत करें वही तो लोकसंगीत है। हरियाणवी समाज में महिलाओं का जीवन चुनौतियों से व्याप्त है। हरियाणा में महिलाओं की स्थिति, मनोभाव, इच्छाएँ, खुशी, गम, विरह, श्रृंगार, शोषण इत्यादि अनेक पहलुओं को लोकसंगीत के माध्यम से इस शोध पत्र में प्रस्तुत करने की चेष्टा की गई है।
Pages: 574-577 संध्या शर्मा ( सहायक प्रवक्ता (कल्चर), CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana) सतीश कश्यप (लोक…
Pages: 578-583
Sunita Kejriwal (Viharilal College of Education, Kolkata)
Santoshi Halder (Department of Education University of Calcutta, Kolkata)

The development of the child is effected by various factors like socioeconomic status, nutritional awareness of mothers which may significantly affect child cognitive development. However nutritional awareness of the mother may be associated with SES. The objective of the present study is to find the association between Socio Economic Status (SES) and Nutritional awareness of mother (NAM).The tools are questionnaire to explore nutritional awareness of mother and General Information Schedule. The sample is 300 children of pre-primary and kindergarten schools of Kolkata, India. The data is analyzed by using correlation analysis. The result suggested that SES and nutritional awareness of mother are significantly associated and effect child cognitive development. The findings of the study may help in developing various plans and schemes to eradicate malnutrition of the children in various social strata. Findings establish mother's nutritional awareness to be significantly associated with SES. The findings indicate that the various components of SES (parents education, income, & occupation) to be significantly correlated to all components of Nutritional awareness of mothers (NAM) along with sub-dimensions.
Pages: 578-583 Sunita Kejriwal (Viharilal College of Education, Kolkata) Santoshi Halder (Department of Education University of Calcutta…
Pages: 584-587
Prasad K. (Department of Psychiatric Social Work NIMHANS, Bangalore)
D. Ram (Director & Professor of Psychiatry Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi)
D. Bhattacharjee (Department of Psychiatric Social Work Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi)
Sadananda Reddy (Department of Psychiatric Social Work NIMHANS, Bangalore)

Depressive symptoms and styles of conflict resolution displayed by males (husbands) and females (wives) in marital conflict, including angry, depressive, and constructive patterns of expression. Depression is not only affects the patient but also the spouses to the maximum extent. Depression and marital conflict can influence bidirectional. Present study objective was to compare the conflict resolutions styles in depression and normal controls. This study was a cross - sectional, hospital based, single contact, time bound study. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the samples for the study. The study group comprised of 30 married individuals with depression whereas the control group consisted of 30 married normal individuals. Both the groups were assessed on a Socio-demographic data sheet, Hamilton rating scale for anxiety, Hamilton rating scale for depression and Conflict resolution styles inventory. It was found that there were significant differences in the conflict resolution styles of persons with depression compare to normal individuals and there were no significant difference between males and females of people with depression in conflict resolution styles. There were significant differences found in conflict resolution styles domains of conflict engagement, positive problem solving, withdrawal and compliance in people with depression in comparison with normal controls.
Pages: 584-587 Prasad K. (Department of Psychiatric Social Work NIMHANS, Bangalore) D. Ram (Director & Professor of…
Pages: 588-593
Priyanka Padhy (Department of Elementary Education Lady Shri Ram College for Women, University of Delhi, Delhi and Centre for Early Childhood Development and Research Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi)
Nimisha Kumar (Centre for Early Childhood Development and Research Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi)

Children the world over face a multitude of challenges to their healthy development. But people working with children have consistently found evidence of life-affirming and adaptive tendencies that help children thrive despite exposure to adversity, also known as 'resilience'. Social ecological approach to the study of resilience in chronically ill children allows an understanding of how the attributes of the self, the features of the family environment and characteristics of the wider social environment interact to enable chronically ill children to adapt positively despite potentially life-threatening conditions. This paper presents the findings of a pilot study exploring the perspectives of 6 parents of children with Thalassemia Major, undergoing treatment in a New Delhi Municipal Corporation hospital in South Delhi for the past 3 years. Thalassemia Major is a genetic blood disorder requiring long-term medical management and frequent hospitalisations. Employing the approach of 'Interpretative phenomenological analysis' (Smith, Harre, & Langenhove, 1995) parental perceptions were explored using semi-structured interviews to derive accounts of the strengths, difficulties, and ongoing challenges faced by the children and the families, as well as the kind of familial environment and community linkages that seem to support resilience in Thalassemic children.
Pages: 588-593 Priyanka Padhy (Department of Elementary Education Lady Shri Ram College for Women, University of…
Pages: 594-597
L. K. Badgujar and A.V. S. Madnawat (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan )

The objective of the present study was to understand the self-concept of 1st year and final year of respective course early adulthood boys and girls of Jaipur. It was hypothesized that the self-concept of early adulthood with respect to gender and educational standard will differ significantly. A group of 500 early adulthood (250 boys & 250 girls) from six colleges were covered in the study and they were selected following multi-stage sampling technique. A Semi-structured Questionnaire and Self-concept Scale were used for data collection. The study was carried out in 2016-17. The mean values of overall self-concept were found to be 173.2 for early adulthood boys and 164.2 for early adulthood girls i.e., the self-concept of early adulthood boys was significantly higher compared to girls (p<.01). Further analysis of data revealed statistically significant difference (p<.001) between boys and girls with respect to components of self-concept like health and sex appropriateness, abilities, self-confidence, worthiness, present, past and future, beliefs and convictions, feeling of shame and guilt, and emotional component i.e., mean score of early adulthood boys were significantly higher than the means score of girls with respect to the said components of self-concept. On the contrary, girls were found to be significantly higher in beliefs and convictions components compared to boys. No significant difference was observed between boys and girls with respect to self-acceptance and sociability components. So far as educational standard is considered, students of 1st year students were found to have higher mean score than the students of final year students in most of the components of self-concept and significant difference was found in four components only like health and sex appropriateness, abilities, self-acceptance and emotional component.
Pages: 594-597 L. K. Badgujar and A.V. S. Madnawat (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur…
Pages: 598-601
Jaishree Jain (Department of Psychology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

The main purpose of this research was to determine the family environment as a function of Aggression in adolescents. The sample was comprised of 200 adolescents with age range from 13 to 18 years. Out of 200 samples, 100 adolescents were of cohesive family environment and 100 were of poor family environment. Family environment scale developed by Moos and aggression scale developed by Roma Pal and Yasmeen Naqvi. This scale was used to collect the data. The obtained data were statistically analyzed. Results of the present study revealed that there were significant mean differences among aggression level of adolescents of cohesive family environment and adolescents of poor family environment. When both the groups of adolescents were compared on overall ten measures of family environment scale (viz., cohesion, expressiveness, conflict, independence, achievement orientation, intellectual orientation, active recreational orientation, & moral religious emphasis) it was found that high aggression level adolescents come from poor family environment.
Pages: 598-601 Jaishree Jain (Department of Psychology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan)
Pages: 602-604
Prasad K., Ameer Hamza, and Basavaraj Shrinivasa (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, Bengaluru)
Manoj Kumar Sharma (Department of Clinical Psychology, NIMHANS, Bengaluru)
Sadananda Reddy (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, Bengaluru)

Internet has become part of our lives and there has been a manifold increase in internet users over the years in India and globally. It has made our life easy and comfortable through providing better opportunities for communication, information and social interaction. However, excessive usage of the internet has led to many negative consequences on human life. Despite excessive internet use has led to the emergence of the concept of internet addiction, the conceptual clarity is still missing to understand the underlying mechanism. Due to this lack of the conceptual clarity, there has not been a formal consensus on diagnostic criteria for Internet Addiction which has hindered the development of proper assessment tools and epidemiological research on the topic and the concept of Internet addiction as a distinct psychiatric disorder is still in its infancy. But most of the studies conducted previously in the field of internet addiction looked into the risk factors for developing or associated with internet addiction rather than conceptualizing the underlying phenomenon of problematic internet use and testing out the same with further research. This leaves the question about calling the internet addiction as a separate disorder or considering it as a co-morbid condition for other psychiatric condition unanswered. So the focus of the current review is to understand the conceptual issues pertaining to problematic internet use through the available literature and to draw the attention of readers on the existing theories explaining the etiology of the problematic internet use and to provide future direction for research in this important and yet controversial area
Pages: 602-604 Prasad K., Ameer Hamza, and Basavaraj Shrinivasa (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, Bengaluru) Manoj…
Pages: 605-607
Shailja Rana and N. K. Chadha (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi )

Tremendous research has been conducted in industrial/organizational psychology to study the factors that improve work performance of the employees. Most researchers study variables like working conditions, salary, organizational culture and their impact on the performance of the employees. Very little research has been conducted to study the impact of optimism on the work performance of the employees. This paper is an effort to review the factors that lead to an optimistic explanatory style, impact of optimism on performance as well as measures to increase the optimism of employees.
Pages: 605-607 Shailja Rana and N. K. Chadha (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi )
Pages: 608-610
Jaishree Jain (Department of Psychology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

People are part of nature and vice versa. We inherit nature's intelligence. It is physiologically and psychologically in us. This is a major concern of humanity that has unfortunately not been fully recognized till date. Purpose of the study is to arouse the level of consciousness of individuals about the importance of ecosensory intelligence on our general mental health. Indigenous people around the world have stressed the sacredness of humanity's connection with nature, not only for spiritual well-being but also for physical, social and psychological well-being. Going for a walk or sitting in a park or going camping help people defocus their attention from the stress. It is the natural rhythm in nature that is quite opposite of the kind of drive and energy that push people towards increased stress. Thus, by refocusing on these natural rhythm people can slow down and move at the same speed as everything around them. The sight of the sea is the quickest and effective way to reduce high stress level. Popular stress busters include a walk in the park, the smell of cut grass, sound of birds singing, swimming with dolphins help in prevention of depression. The purpose of present research work is to study the ecosensory intelligence as a correlate of general mental health. The study was sampled 200 male and female participants of the age range of 20 to 50 years randomly from both rural and urban settings of Rajasthan irrespective of educational and socio-economic status. The tools administered were ecosensory intelligence test by Cohen (2001) and Mental health scale by Bhatt and Gidda. 't' test was used to find the significant difference in ecosensory intelligence and general mental health. However there is a significant difference in mean scores on ecosensory intelligence and general mental health.
Pages: 608-610 Jaishree Jain (Department of Psychology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan)
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