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Pages: 191-195
Naved Iqbal (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi )
Hassan Rahimi and FahimeRezai (Department of Psychology, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran )
Sarah Alvi (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi )

Mental health problems are common among Iranian female adolescents and there were conflicting studies regarding the effect of life skill training on mental health. Therefore, present study was aimed at studying the effect of life skill training on mental health in high school female students in Tehran, Iran. Total sample of the present study comprised sixty (60) female students. They were assigned randomly to experimental and control groups. Each group had 30 subjects the experimental group was given Life skill training for 10 days, while the control group was not given such training. Mental health of the Experimental and control group was measured before and after Life skill training. Mental health was measured with the help of the General Health questionnaire developed by Goldberg (1978). It includes the dimensions of physical, anxiety, social dysfunction and depression. ANCOVA was used to analyze the data. Results showed that on all the dimensions of mental health experimental group had scored better than control group on post condition. Thus, life skill training was highly effective in improving mental health of the subjects. Effect size of life skill training on various dimensions of mental health was from moderate to large.

Pages: 191-195Naved Iqbal (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi )Hassan Rahimi and FahimeRezai…

Pages: 196-199
Pushpa, Ramnath and Sandeep Singh (Department of Applied Psychology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana)

Adolescent is a very critical and crucial period of life. Adolescents are exposed to different kind of peer influences ranging from health risk behaviors to how to behave in social environment. Peer pressure has both positive and negative effects on the psyche of adolescents. Present study focuses on the relationship between family climate and peer pressure among adolescents. The present research work was carried out on a sample of 150 young adults (75 males & 75 females) having age range of 18-21 years. The sample was taken from different educational institutions. The major tools used in the present study were Family Climate Scale propounded by Beena Shah (1990) and Peer Pressure Scale by (Singh & Saini, 2010). After collection of the data, statistical analysis has been made with the help of statistical tools of descriptive statistics, Pearson product moment method of correlation and Independent sample-t test. It has been observed in the finding that there is inverse relationship between positive family climate and peer pressure. The finding of the study also showed that there has been significant gender difference on some dimensions of family climate and peer pressure.

Pages: 196-199Pushpa, Ramnath and Sandeep Singh (Department of Applied Psychology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science…

Pages: 200-205
Saurabh Sinha and Rama Shankar Yadav (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi )

This paper aims to explore the shared understanding about workplace bullying in Indian educational settings. The study also intends to explore the major antecedents and consequences of workplace bullying. Possible solutions to diminish the workplace bullying among teachers were also generated. Qualitative thematic analysis was carried out to engender the meaning and possible solutions for reducing the impact of workplace bullying. Twenty semi structured interviews on senior secondary (10+2) teachers were conducted during the study. Workplace bullying as perceived by Indian teachers was a prolonged act of humiliation and excessive monitoring on employees. Workplace bullying occurs in Indian educational context to exhibit power and establish dominance over the employees. It was also reported that bullied employees had frequent complaint of problems such as stress, anxiety and depression. The act of bullying may even develop intention to quit the job, which is considered detrimental for the organization.

Pages: 200-205Saurabh Sinha and Rama Shankar Yadav (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi )

Pages: 206-210
Amrita Bedi (Department of Psychology, North Campus, University of Delhi, New Delhi )
Simran Bedi (Clinical Psychologist, Masina Hospital, Mumbai )

Contemporary world is dominated by communication that transforms and transfers information at a rate where it is not possible to escape its influences. Media mediates our attitude, outlook and lifestyle and moulds the stances we take in our everyday lives. The infamous Delhi Gang Rape case of 16th December, 2012 brought in a revolution in the world of media regarding a topic otherwise stigmatized and expanded the public eye's view of Indian woman and her portrayal of being the “weaker sex”. With this as the background the present study aims at elucidating the inter-generational differences of Indian men towards their view of woman and her associated roles. A mixed method approach was adopted to evaluate the concept related to women. The sample consisted of 100 Indian males-50 from the age group of 18-25 years and 50 from 45-55 years. For quantitative analysis, semantic differential method was used and the D-statistic was calculated. For the qualitative analysis, blogs written post 16th December, 2012 Delhi gang-rape were analyzed and the themes arising in them were identified. Results indicate an average magnitude of difference between the males of two age groups in their view of woman and her various roles that of a wife, daughter, girl-friend, mother to name a few. Qualitative analysis of the blogs helped identity the following themes: belief of a good and bad woman, entirety of appearance, concept of freedom and her safety as forwarded by men. Results highlight the issue of a woman as being acceptable only when her identity is defined by the male and also, when she lives within the parameters drawn by the conservative social order. The study has implications for the field of gender studies, development studies, cross- cultural studies and issues of women empowerment.

Pages: 206-210Amrita Bedi (Department of Psychology, North Campus, University of Delhi, New Delhi )Simran Bedi…

Pages: 211-213
Vinod Kumari and Kamaljeet Kaur (Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

The modern India is emerging as a global power but for half of its population, the women across the country, struggle to live life with dignity continue. Women, irrespective of their caste, class and educational status, are not safe and have been the victim of exploitations since long time in different fields in their life both physically, socially, mentally and economically. Eve teaching is the most common act of public violence against women which includes various forms of harassment like making vulgar comment, indecent proposal, unwelcome gestures, attempt to make physical contact, etc. The present study was conducted on 75 girls studying in rural colleges. The data were collected using a interview schedule and analysed for drawing inferences. The results revealed that 64.0 per cent respondents had faced one or other form of eve teaching in their life. More than 2/3rd of the respondents were against the opinion that dress of girl is responsible for eve teaching. The main causes of eve teaching explained by the respondents were lack of respect for girls (89.0%), lack of education (80.0%), lower sex ratio (70.0%), low mentality of males (68.0%) and shyness of girls (67.0%). Majority of girls were of the opinion that incidence of eve teasing can be reduced by strictly enforcing laws (72.0%), moral education at home (76.0%), informing parents (80.0%), awareness about surrounding and self confidence (84.0% each). Expectations of girl students from government and educational institutions have also been discussed and it was concluded that more awareness among girls and preventive measures are needed to curb the menace of eve teasing.

Pages: 211-213Vinod Kumari and Kamaljeet Kaur (Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

Pages: 214-216
Jyoti Dubey and Shweta Singh (King Georges Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)

Social anxiety disorder is highly distressing for the sufferer as it causes substantial impairment in social and occupational spheres of life. We discuss about a young male with social anxiety disorder due to negative appraisal of himself. He had the complaints of fear of interacting with people, fear of speaking at public places negative about himself which increased since last 3 years. He was treated with Integrative CBT using elements of CBT, Exposue therapy and Visualization techniques.

Pages: 214-216Jyoti Dubey and Shweta Singh (King Georges Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)

Pages: 217-221
Aradhana Shukla (Department of Psychology, Kumaun University Campus, Almora, Uttrakhand)

This study was aimed to find relative efficacy of grade, types of school, gender and level of experiential supportiveness of school climate on negative mental health with special reference to emotional disturbance and depression in children and early adolescents. It was contended that: Variation in grade would cause variation in emotional disturbance and depression; Participants studying in different schools would show difference in their scores of emotional disturbance and depression; Boys and girls would show difference in the magnitude of emotional disturbance and depression; Magnitude of discrepancy in relation to emotional disturbance and depression would found different with difference in the scores of experiential supportiveness of school climate. Three hundred and sixty participants of 5-9 grades served as participants and they were arranged according to the requirements of 4-way factorial design with 3 grades (5, 7, & 9), 3 types of schools (public, government, & municipal), 2 gender (boys & girls) and 2 levels of school climate supportiveness (high & low). In this study three measures were taken and they were: school climate supportiveness scale, emotional disturbance scale and depression Scale. Data were analyzed quantitatively as well as qualitatively. It was found that all main effects and interactions were significant. A close relationship between emotional disturbance and depression was also revisited.

Pages: 217-221Aradhana Shukla (Department of Psychology, Kumaun University Campus, Almora, Uttrakhand)

Pages: 222-224
Suman Singh and Shaila Parveen (Department of Psychology, Smt. G. K. G. Kanya, Mahavidyalya, Jaysingpur, Maharashtra )

The purpose of the present study is to find out the Noise Effect on Short Term Memory among Traffic Personnel. It was hypothesized that, (i) There will be significant difference between high noise (high db) and low noise (low db) among Short Term Memory (ii) There will be no significant difference between male and female traffic personnel among Short Term Memory. The Sample (n = 40) for this study consisted traffic personnel in Sangli and Kolhapur districts. Data was collected through Short Term Memory scale and Sound Meter application. Obtained data analyzed by student 't' test. Result reveled that, (i) there are strongly differ on high noise and low noise among Short Term Memory and (ii) there are no difference between male and female traffic personnel among Short Term Memory. That means both hypotheses was accepted.

Pages: 222-224Suman Singh and Shaila Parveen (Department of Psychology, Smt. G. K. G. Kanya, Mahavidyalya…

Pages: 225-227
Manju Jha (Department of Sociology, Govt. Pt Shyamacharan, Shukla College, Dharsewa, Pt Ravishankar, Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh )
Ushakiran Agrawal (Department of Psychology, Govt. D.B. Girls, P. G. College, Pt Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh )

The present study focuses on studying social media and happiness among male and female students of professional background using social media. A sample of 40 female 40 male students from professional educational background ( engineering, medical , management ) were chosen on incidental cum random basis . The data obtained was put to t test, male students of professional educational background and social media users were found happier as compared to female professional students and media users.

Pages: 225-227Manju Jha (Department of Sociology, Govt. Pt Shyamacharan, Shukla College, Dharsewa, Pt Ravishankar, Shukla…

Pages: 228-233
Neelima Chopra and Bindiya Narang (Centre for Early Childhood Development and Research, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi)

Research studies on health and disease have been recurrently inclined towards demographic and medical perspectives. Lately the importance of 'emic' perspective has been realized in this field so as to understand from the viewpoints, perceptions and opinions of the concerned subjects. With the 'new sociology of childhood' emphasizing the agency of children, it is imperative to consider children's acuity and listen to their assertions in the matters that affect their life and living. The foregoing paper derives its stance from an interpretative research with Type 1 Diabetic children and features their perceptions related to ongoing health condition and treatment seeking, the stressors encountered, impact on their daily activities as well as coping patterns. Thirty children, aged 6-12 years, seeking treatment in a public hospital setting were enrolled for the study with due consent from the guardians and after seeking assent from children themselves. To obtain relevant data, child friendly methods such as storytelling and personalized informal interviews were used and the narratives obtained were analyzed and interpreted thematically. The findings ascertained that children were aware of their condition and found it highly disturbing and stressful. The most cited problems were restricted diet, daily multiple insulin injections and associated pain, episodes of hypoglycemia, constant fatigue, incessant parental vigil and missed school. Besides, it was noted that incongruity with distressed care givers negatively impacted children's own self esteem as well as treatment adherence. A repertoire of positive strategies such as learning to self administer insulin injections, maintaining self written journal of daily blood glucose levels, and self motivated observance of dietary and treatment regimen were also noted in a few children. The study purports engaging opportunities for diabetic children to express their views, integrating their perspectives in healthcare delivery and a deliberate strategy to assist them tide over their condition.

Pages: 228-233Neelima Chopra and Bindiya Narang (Centre for Early Childhood Development and Research, Jamia Millia…

Pages: 234-236
Renuka Joshi and Kanchan Yadav (Department of Psychology, D.A.V. (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttaranchal)

The present study was undertaken to explore the effect of ICBT on alienation among individuals with depression of Type A/B personality types, for which 2x2x2 factorial design was made. The selected sample of 80 subjects of 18-40 years of age was equally divided on the basis of personality types and gender. The stratified random sampling was used for sample selection. ADSS scale developed by Pallavi Bhatnagar (2011) was administered for screening. Type A/B Behavioural pattern scale developed by Upinder Dhar and Manisha Jain (2001) was employed to measure personality types. For measuring Alienation Al- Scale (2010) developed by Hardeo Ojha was used. Each subject was introduced to internet based CBT intervention. Pre and post test were followed to measure the effect of ICBT on depression, and alienation. After data collection statistical analysis was done. The t-test and ANOVA was utilised to examine the outcome of the study. Results revealed that Type A and Type B personality differ significantly after ICBT intervention on depression and alienation. This difference was found to be higher on depression and alienation after ICBT intervention of subjects with type A personality. Results also revealed that male and female subjects differ significantly after ICBT intervention on depression and alienation. Pre post intervention on depression and alienation scores was also found to differ significantly.

Pages: 234-236Renuka Joshi and Kanchan Yadav (Department of Psychology, D.A.V. (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttaranchal)

Pages: 237-241
Hilawe Kinfemichael and M.V.R. Raju (Department of Psychology and Parapsychology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh)

Dreams are generally thought of as either messages of good things to come, encouragement and guidance or warnings of threats, danger or bad news. Dreams in some cultures signify the death of close relatives and still others believe dreams are the opposite of what is dreamt. Thus, in this study a rigorous attempt has been made to examine the cultural interpretations and uses of dreams at a glance in Amhara region native Amharic language speakers. Key informants and people who are believed to have a skill in interpreting dreams are interviewed. Then, the various types of dreams were first collected in the source language (Amharic Language) and then transcribed in to English language. This study used qualitative design mainly content analysis approach. After an in-depth reading and rereading of the various types of dreams, nineteen dreams were selected and arranged in to three major themes by using thematic coding. Numerous types of dreams interpretation and uses were analyzed in relation to the cultural values, beliefs and norms of the society. Thus, the findings of the study showed dreams with good fortunes, bad fortunes and those that signify the death of close relatives. In conclusion, the people in this region have established their own set of social and cultural values. Dreams, their use and interpretations in this part are mainly derived from the religious and traditional values and beliefs of the society. Finally, the study recommended to study dreams scientifically and systematically to help in the therapeutic process.

Pages: 237-241Hilawe Kinfemichael and M.V.R. Raju (Department of Psychology and Parapsychology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra…

Pages: 242-245
Dolon Dawn and Sonali De (Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal )

Why do so many women still die in pregnancy or childbirth? WHO has summarized the lack of access and utilization of essential obstetric services as crucial factor underlying maternal deaths. Uptake of institutional birth or aided birth during delivery is the single most important factor in the fight against maternal mortality and morbidity. Yet, in many parts of the developing world the majority of births are still conducted at home with family members or with a traditional birth attendant. The medical causes do not seem to be the only factors that affect maternal mortality. There are various socio-cultural and psychological factors that affect maternal mortality. Maternal deaths are indicative of condition of the women in the society and have long term implication for the development of the country. In this review paper the reasons for uptake of home-delivery are discussed and there is an urgent need to be more sensitive to the psychological reasons behind their uptake of unaided delivery is stressed.

Pages: 242-245Dolon Dawn and Sonali De (Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal…

Pages: 246-249/
Akrm Alwasel and Osama Mansour Alateeq (Medical Intern, Imam Mohammad bin Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)

A remarkable increasing concern in obesity prevalence in Saudi community. Obesity problem had been reported in different regions of the kingdom. Dietary behaviours have been reported as a contributing factor to overweight and obesity prevalence. yet data still needed regarding dietary behaviours and individuals lifestyle. Current study aims to investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and the satisfaction level towards the dominant dietary behaviours among Saudi school children ranging in age between 6 to 12 years old in Riyadh city. A cross sectional study will be performed on 150 school children students ranging in age between 6 and 12 years, data will be collected regarding socio-demographic factors, and dietary behaviours. study revealed that there is a dramatic increase in overweight and obesity prevalence rates among 6-12 school children (52% & 25.3%, respectively) besides to the somehow satisfying level towards their dietary behaviours. Study pointed out to the strong association of the dominant dietary behaviours and the sedentary lifestyle of the school children to the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity and mandate the need for an awareness campaign to adopt the healthy dietary habits and lifestyles.

Pages: 246-249/Akrm Alwasel and Osama Mansour Alateeq (Medical Intern, Imam Mohammad bin Saud University, Riyadh…

Pages: 250-257
Gurudas Bandyopadhyay and Kailash B. L. Srivastava (Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal)

This study examined the strength of association between psychological well-being (PWB), mental health and employee engagement among executives. The determinants of psychological well-being included Individual factors like agreeableness, conscientiousness, optimism, and resilience and organizational factors such as job enrichment and organizational culture. The data were collected from 332 employees using a structured interview schedule from manufacturing and services sector belonging to private and public organizations. The data were analyzed to examine the hypothesized relationship amongst the variables. The results showed differences in employee perception with regard to gender, education level, age, and the job level. The correlation results suggest that most of the variables were positively related except agreeableness with PWB. The results also suggest that conscientiousness, optimism and resilience significantly contributed to PWB, except agreeableness which negatively predicted PWB. Further, organizational culture significantly contributed to PWB, while job enrichment did not turn up as significant predictor. The results indicate that PWB significantly contributes towards mental health, employee engagement. The study has its implication for managers and researchers as they should try to facilitate a culture and work environment to create a positive force for employee well-being.

Pages: 250-257Gurudas Bandyopadhyay and Kailash B. L. Srivastava (Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian…

Pages: 258-262
Neha Kishor Pednekar and Suninder Tung (Department of Psychology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Panjab)

Internet is occupying an important place in the life of today's youth. While listing the advantages of internet, the negative side of this technology in the form of excessive use among the adolescents cannot be refuted, Considering the changes an individual experiences during this phase, the present study was conducted to find the role of identity style, emotional autonomy, attachment, family environment and well-being in predicting PIU among adolescents. A sample of 611 (Boys = 208, Girls = 303) in the age group of 13-18 years were assessed using PIUQ (Demetrovics et al., 2008), Identity Style Inventory (Berzonsky, 1992); Emotional Autonomy Scale (Steinberg & Silverberg, 1986); IPPA (Armsden & Greenberg, 1987); FES (Moos & Moos, 1983); and FWBS (1994). The results obtained indicate that the selected variables contributed 28.5% and 45.9% variance in PIU among boys and girls respectively.

Pages: 258-262Neha Kishor Pednekar and Suninder Tung (Department of Psychology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar…

Pages: 263-267
Pankaj Tripathi (Department of Psychology, F.G. College Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh)
Neena Kohli (Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, U.P.)

The major aim of the present study was to examine the role of Emotional Intelligence on employees General Health. More specifically the study aimed to see the relationship between General Health and Emotional Intelligence (Self-Emotion Appraisal, Others' Emotion Appraisal, & Use of emotion) of Knowledge based Organization Employees. The sample consisted of 138 employees working in the knowledge based organization in Gurgaon. The mean age of the employees was 44.94 years. 31.88 %of employees were B.E. /B. Tech, 5.79 % were B.C.A., 44.79% were M. Tech and 17.39% of employees were M.C.A. 12 items Emotional Intelligence Scale (Wong & Law, 2002) measuring Self-Emotion Appraisal, Others' Emotion Appraisal, Use of emotion and 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12; Goldberg, 1972; Goldberg & Hillier, 1979) was administered on the sample. All the scales were five point rating scale with a low score indicating less of these characteristics. Results of correlations and regression depict that there is a significant positive impact of emotional intelligence on General Health. Emotionally intelligent employees will possess a higher level of Employees General Health and it will positively impact on their success of their work as well as non-work life.

Pages: 263-267Pankaj Tripathi (Department of Psychology, F.G. College Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh)Neena Kohli (Department of Psychology…

Pages: 268-271
Ishina Bagga and Sarita Saini (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

Values are the beliefs and ideals of a person that guide a person's actions and are the basis for all decisions, interests, behaviours and goals in life. Inter-generational conflicts arise due to discrepancies in values, interests and needs of two generations. The most talked about inter-generational conflict in present day society is between the parents and their adolescent children. The present research was taken up to investigate and analyze the differences in the value system of adolescents and their parents. The sample for the study comprised of 100 school going adolescents (boys=50 & girls=50) in the age group of 16 to 18 years of age and their parents (fathers=100 & mothers=100) selected from two schools of Ludhiana city, during the session 2015-2016.The value system of adolescents and their parents was assessed by using Personal Values Questionnaire (PVQ) developed by Sherry and Verma (1971). The analysis of the data revealed that parents valued religion and health more than their children, whereas, adolescents surpassed their parents in economic and hedonistic values. Daughters were found to be more appreciative of aesthetics and sons were found to be more power oriented than their mothers. However, mothers had higher aesthetic value than fathers.

Pages: 268-271Ishina Bagga and Sarita Saini (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab Agricultural…

Pages: 272-275
Sugandha Asgola and Sukhminder Kaur (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

The present study to identify the location of occurrence of sexual harassment among rural school going adolescent girls and emotional reactions expressed by them on being sexually harassed was taken up in one block of Ludhiana district of Punjab state. The sample consisted of 200 respondents who were in the age range of 16-18 years and the data were collected using a self-structured questionnaire relating to various aspects of sexual harassment. Adolescents (80.22%) reported to be sexually harassed in the village fairs followed by market (79.66%), public transport (74.01%), on the way to school (70.05%), roadside (69.49%) and recess time (55.93%). Statistically also highly significant age differences were found among the adolescents with respect to sports day, classroom and bus stop. Majority of the adolescents (81.35%) got aggressive on being sexually harassed followed by feeling uncomfortable (72.31%), traumatized (53.10%) and confused (30.50%). Some of the adolescents also felt humiliated (25.98%). Statistically also highly significant age differences were found among the adolescents on the reactions of being humiliated and traumatized.

Pages: 272-275Sugandha Asgola and Sukhminder Kaur (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab Agricultural…

Pages: 276-278
Tanvir Kaur Chohan and Surabhi Mahajan (Department of Apparel and Textile Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

The aim of the present paper was to develop thermo cervical collar and study its functional and cost effectiveness through a trial from ten respondents suffering from severe cervical pain. Ten different industries manufacturing heat gel packs were personally visited to get an insight of the fabric used in gel pack gloves. PVC fabric and Casement fabric were used by majority of the brands. Three different collars were developed using either PVC fabric or Casement fabric or combination of both in outer and inner fabric layer. The collar made up of the combined fabrics showed the maximum heat retention of about one and half hours when the gel pack was heated for one minute in a microwave oven. This collar was given to respondents selected through snowball sampling technique for three days each. Seventy percent respondents found the collar to be highly effective and all of them (100%) opined it to be cost effective and were ready to buy it at quoted price of Rs. 300/- only.

Pages: 276-278Tanvir Kaur Chohan and Surabhi Mahajan (Department of Apparel and Textile Science, Punjab Agricultural…

Pages: 279-282
Ayub Ghasemian and G. Venkatesh Kumar (Department of Studies in Psychology, University of Mysore, Mysore, Karnataka)

The period of adolescence is a stressful time and adolescents are vulnerable in the face of their problems and requirements of life. Some programs have been designed for preventing and avoiding these problems, one of the most effective kinds of them is the life skills training program that has been designed by World Health Organization (WHO). This study was done to investigate the effect of life skills training on psychological distress among male and female adolescent students. The sample comprised of 200 (100 male & 100 female) adolescent students, were selected randomly and divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received life skills training in 8 sessions, but the control group didn't attend the sessions. Kessler psychological distress scale by Kessler et al. (2002) was administered in pre and post intervention to measuring psychological distress. Results revealed that life skills training has significantly decreased psychological distress in the selected sample of experimental group and gender did not have differential influence on reducing psychological distress due to life skills training.

Pages: 279-282Ayub Ghasemian and G. Venkatesh Kumar (Department of Studies in Psychology, University of Mysore…

Pages: 283-286
Dinesh Niaz (N.V.P. Mondals Arts, Commerce, & Sciences College, Lasalgaon, Nasik, Maharashtra)

The aim of the present study is to see relationship between quality of life and suicidal ideation HIV/AIDS patients. Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a global health problem which has brought new dimensions to some of the already complex issues threatening India. We all know the impact HIV/AIDS has had on the World, but what people don't realize is the impact it is having on other serious health issues in the country. Quality of life is a phrase used to refer to an individual's total well-being. Suicidality may be the direct physiological result of HIV (e.g., owing to the impact of HIV in the brain), a reaction to chronic pain, an emotional reaction to having a chronic and life-threatening illness (e.g., major depression as a result of physical illness or psychiatric side effects caused by medications used to treat HIV infection & associated co morbidities). Many events may trigger suicidal thoughts among people with HIV. The sample size of the study is 100 HIV/AIDS patients and the tools used for assessing the variables are WHO quality of life (WHOOL-BRIEF) and Scale of Suicidal Ideation (Beck, 1979). All the domains of quality of life had no significant relationship with suicidal ideation.

Pages: 283-286Dinesh Niaz (N.V.P. Mondals Arts, Commerce, & Sciences College, Lasalgaon, Nasik, Maharashtra)

Pages: 290-293
Gurpreet Dandiwal, Sanjay Kumar and Sandeep Singh Rana (Department of Applied Psychology, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana)

Social support system is considered very strong in Indian cultures especially in northern India. It is presumed that Indians are very protected and full of warmth when it comes to upbringing of their children. In psychoanalytic perspective, it is stated that early childhood experiences are responsible for shaping the personality of an individual and later it helps us in coping with the adversities of life. The present study was designed to explore the relationship between social support and psychological well-being. A sample of 300 elected women representatives (Sarpanches) with age range of 25-45 years and the sample were homogeneous. The following tools were administered to collect the relevant information from the subjects: Ryffs scales of Psychological Well-being and Social Support Questionnaire. The findings of the study reflect that the psychological well-being is positively correlated with social support of women representatives. It is very apparent that social support is very crucial in determining the participation of women in society, empowering women and their well-being as well.

Pages: 290-293Gurpreet Dandiwal, Sanjay Kumar and Sandeep Singh Rana (Department of Applied Psychology, GJUS&T, Hisar…

Pages: 294-296
Navya Shree G.C. and M.Y. Manjula (Department of Post Graduate Studies and Research in Psychology, SDM College, Ujire)

Adolescence is the stage where important psychosocial changes and development takes place. An individual's experience as a child or an adolescent contributes to her identity development. Those experiences can be pleasant or unpleasant, tragic or unimportant. One of the tragic experiences that an individual can experience in life time as early as adolescence or child hood is sexual abuse. The present study aimed at understanding the level of psychological well being among adolescents who have experienced sexual abuse and adolescents who have not experienced sexual abuse. the study is exploratory in nature. The sample for the study included 91 college going females of the age range from 15 to 18 years. Out of 91 participants 41 had the experience of some kind of contact sexual abuse and 51 adolescents did not have any experience of sexual abuse. Psychological well being scale developed by Carol Ryff (1995) was employed to assess the level of psychological well being among the participants. The results of the study analyzed using independent samples t test revealed the significant difference between the two groups in the areas of environmental mastery, positive relationship with others, purpose in life and self acceptance. Mean scores indicated that adolescents with no experience of sexual abuse had significantly higher environmental mastery, positive relationship with others, purpose in life and self acceptance compared to adolescents with the experience of sexual abuse. In the areas of autonomy, and personal growth no significant difference was observed between the two groups. The present study indicates that adolescents who have experienced sexual abuse face significant difficulty in accepting one's own qualities and is disappointed with their past experience where as adolescents with no experience of sexual abuse feel there is meaning to their present and past life, and make effective use of surrounding opportunities. Overall results of the study provide insight about the significant impact of sexual abuse on the psychological well being among adolescents.

Pages: 294-296Navya Shree G.C. and M.Y. Manjula (Department of Post Graduate Studies and Research in…

Pages: 297-304
Getachew Abeshu (Department of Psychology, College of Education and Behavioral Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia)

The study was mainly organized to assess the psychosocial difficulties students with disabilities faces in selected upper Elementary Schools of South Western Ethiopia emanating from home and environment that might have long lasting effect in life time. Qualitative study was undertaken to get relevant information from students with disabilities in selected schools, their respective teachers and family/caregivers employing purposive and availability sampling techniques. Interview, focus group discussion and outside observation were conducted as major tools of data collection from respondents. Accordingly, the result of this study shows that students with disabilities face a number of psychosocial problems which are different from home to home depending on the family backgrounds, educational and economic statuses of the family/care givers. The major ones reveal that emotional instability, discrimination, segregation, self blaming, hiding attempts, depressions of different levels, fleeing from home, suicidal attempts and parental rejections are the prominent ones raised by respondents. Based on the results obtained conclusions were drawn that both the family/caregivers and the students with disabilities face different levels of psychological and social problems from home, neighboring community and the larger societal settings due to cultural, religious and belief related impacts. Hence, training at different level for family, teachers and students with disabilities were recommended as to minimize the psychosocial difficulties for shorter period and continuous awareness raising and education on disability matters for the community at large was stated as the means for long-term way out.

Pages: 297-304Getachew Abeshu (Department of Psychology, College of Education and Behavioral Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma…
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