Indian Journal of Health & Wellbeing

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A study of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder prevalence, phenomenology and personality factors in college going students Pages: 962-965 Chitra Singh and Jaishree Jain (Department of Psychiatry, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan) Kaptan Singh (Clinical Psychology, IGNOU) Mahendra Jain and Ashok Chaudhary (Department of Psychiatry, J.L.N Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan) Premenstrual syndrome is a common disorder experienced by up to 50%-80% of women during reproductive age. The prevalence of severe form of PMS (PMDD) is 3 % to 8%. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) patients have resulted in significant morbidity. (1) To find out the prevalence and socio-demographic variables of PMDD in the college girls (APA, 1994). To study the Phenomenology and personality characteristic in the PMDD. A group of 300 female students of Nursing belonging to J.L.N. Nursing University, Ajmer, were screened for PMDD by Menstrual History Form and Screening Questionnaire and Menstrual Distress Questionnaire 'A' form [MDQ-A form by Moos]. Out of the 300 students 24 Students, who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for PMDD (DSM-IV TR criteria) formed the experimental Group. Out of the remaining 276 students, 24 Students matched on socio demographic variable with the Experimental group formed the control group. Both the groups were subjected to Eysenck personality inventory (EPI). Prevalence of PMDD in college going girls is 8%. The most common physical and psychological symptoms were fatigability, decrease interest in usual activities respectively. PMDD patients were having significantly higher scores on Neuroticism scale on EPI. Pages: 962-965Chitra Singh and Jaishree Jain (Department of Psychiatry, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan) Kaptan… Read more Get Access
To compare the effect of different time ratio of heat and cold in contrast bath on clinical improvement in plantar fascitis Pages: 966-969 Dhruv Sharma and Kuljit Kumar (Department of Orthopedics, ESIC Medical, College and Hospital, Faridabad, Haryana) Laxmi Sharma (Department of Physiotherapy, Holy Family Hospital, New Delhi) Neha Yadav (Department of Dermatology, ESIC PGIMER Basaidarapur, New Delhi) Contrast bath is commonly used therapy in plantar fascitis. However there is no standard regimen followed as to the order and time ratio of hot and cold fomentation. This study was conducted to establish a standard hot: cold fomentation ratio to achieve maximum efficacy of contrast bath in plantar fascitis. 75 patients of plantar fasciitis were equally divided into three groups, A: 3 cycles of alternate 3 minutes hot fomentation and 1 minute of cold fomentation, B: hot fomentation for 3 minutes followed by 1 minute cold fomentation followed by a sustained 12 minutes of hot fomentation and C: cold fomentation for 5 minutes followed by 21/2 minutes of hot and again 5 minutes cold fomentation. Thrice daily regimen was followed. VAS score was used to note the initial pain, pain relief at 1 week and 1 month. The mean pain value in group A was 7.52±1.27 SD on initial evaluation, was 6.32±1.31 SD at 1 week and 2.8±1.42 SD at 1 month. Respective values in group B was 6.8±1.37 SD, 5.8±1.25 SD and 2.6±1.31 SD and in group C was 7.81±1.43 SD, 6.37±1.09 SD and 3.1±1.49 SD. In plantar fascitis, only temperature fluctuations at subcutaneous level are required to bring a local pumping effect. This needs only alternation of hot and cold fomentation, the order of fomentation and time duration of each cycle is not specific. No time ratio is superior to another. Pages: 966-969Dhruv Sharma and Kuljit Kumar (Department of Orthopedics, ESIC Medical, College and Hospital, Faridabad… Read more Get Access
A comparative profile of orthopaedically challenged and non-challenged adolescents on emotional intelligence Pages: 970-972 Nehashree Srivastava (Department of Psychology, National P.G College, Lucknow) Madhurima Pradhan (Department of Psychology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow) India the largest democracy and second most populous country in the world has millions of disabled people. According to Census of India, 2011 approximately 20.3% disability is due to movement, which is higher than all disabilities. The researcher decided to work on adolescents especially who have difficulty in movement. If the person is adolescent and orthopedically challenged too, then the problems related to different areas like personal, social, emotional and vocational etc. become more complex. Such pressures may result in withdrawal, complete destruction of self, mental illnesses, drug abuse or enormous hostility etc. “Emotional intelligence refers to the capacity of recognizing our own feelings and those of others, for motivating ourselves and for managing emotion well in us and in our relationships” (Goleman, 1998).The purpose of this study is to compare the profile of orthopedically challenged and non-challenged adolescents on emotional intelligence and its various dimensions. The study was conducted on 120 orthopaedically challenged and 120 non-challenged adolescents (11-18 years) from different rural/urban area of Uttar Pradesh. Hindi version of the emotional intelligence scale for adolescents (Sharma, 2011) was used to assess emotional intelligence having five dimensions, i.e., self-awareness, managing emotions, self-motivation, empathy, handling relationship. The results shows that on the basis of profile analysis there is a average difference among orthopaedically challenged and non-challenged adolescents on emotional intelligence and its dimensions. Pages: 970-972Nehashree Srivastava (Department of Psychology, National P.G College, Lucknow)Madhurima Pradhan (Department of Psychology, University… Read more Get Access
Body image, self-esteem and psychological well-being of aged: A correlational study Pages: 973-975 Manasvee Dubey and O. P. Sharma (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan) The present study is examine the relationship between body image and self-Esteem and Psychological well-being among old age. The sample comprise 200 old age people between age group 65 years and above in Jaipur Rural and Urban Areas(Rajasthan).. The participants were administered the body image scale by Chouhan and Surana, Verma and Verma (1989), General Well-being Scale was used to assess well-being, Self-esteem Scale by Prasad and Thakur (1977) was used to assess self-esteem. Statistical analysis included Mean, SD, coefficient correlation (Product moment correlation). The finding reveled that there is a significant negative correlation between Body image and Self Esteem and significant positive correlation between Body Image and Psychological Well-being among old age people. Pages: 973-975Manasvee Dubey and O. P. Sharma (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan) Read more Get Access
Bullying behavior among school students: A review Pages: 976-981 Sheema Aleem (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi) Bullying is a universal phenomenon with devastating consequences for the victim and the society at large. Bullying takes many forms and mechanisms. Various explanations have been offered on why children and young persons, particularly those in schools and colleges bully. The review looks into the various causal factors as well as its overwhelming impact on the victim. It also examines the new ways of bullying including ebullying and cybervictimisationthat are becoming rampant. Pages: 976-981Sheema Aleem (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi) Read more Get Access
Well-being: Exploring its meaning at workplace Pages: 982-987 Neelika Arora and Pallavi Bhagat (Department of HRM and OB, Central University of Jammu, Jammu) Well being is a slippery idea, however a captivating part of our lives, one that the majority of us take a stab at in consistently in our life and which empowers us to thrive if accomplished. Well being is a concept that is used to describe the quality of lives. Well being has been used synonymously for the terms like “happiness”, “quality of life” and life satisfaction. Well being has become a very extensively used topic in scholarly writings. It covers “physical, social, mental and emotional” aspects . It gained the interest of researchers and scholars due to some reasons like the experiences of employees at work have some impact on the employees; employees deficient in well being can lead to absenteeism, low performance, lowering of decision making capacity. This paper aims to track the emergence of well being at workplace. Pages: 982-987Neelika Arora and Pallavi Bhagat (Department of HRM and OB, Central University of Jammu… Read more Get Access
Suicidal ideation and domestic violence among women Pages: 988-990 Priyamvada Tiwari (Department of Psychology, Sri Agrasen Kanya P.G. College, Varanasi) Madhu Asthana (Rtd. Principal, Sri Agrasen Kanya, P.G. College, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh) Domestic Violence and Suicidal Ideation are significant causes of deaths among women in India. The majority of victims were found to be young women, mostly killed by burning or strangulation methods. The most frequently reported motive was doing way demands followed by a history of domestic violence or harassment and family conflict. The findings highlight the need for stronger prevention/intervention programs in India to identify and intervene with women at high risk for being killed and/or committing suicide. Suicidal ideation and domestic violence are one of the most important contributors to the global burden of decease among women, but little is known about prevalence and modifiable risk factors in low and middle income countries from WHO multi-country women to examine the prevalence of suicidal thoughts and attempts. Pages: 988-990Priyamvada Tiwari (Department of Psychology, Sri Agrasen Kanya P.G. College, Varanasi)Madhu Asthana (Rtd. Principal… Read more Get Access
A comparative study of psychological well-being of school students of Punjab state Pages: 991-995 Amritpal Kaur (Department of Psychology, Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh) Agyajit Singh (Ex-HOD, Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala) The present study examined psychological well-being among male and female; rural and urban as well as government and private school students of Punjab state. For this purpose, a sample of 400 students were selected randomly; out of which 200 were male students (100 rural & 100 urban) and 200 female students (again 100 rural & 100 urban school students) 50% of subjects were from government schools and 50% were from private schools. The results of present study reveal that there were significant differences between male and female; among rural and urban as well as among government and private school students. Pages: 991-995Amritpal Kaur (Department of Psychology, Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh)Agyajit Singh (Ex-HOD, Department of… Read more Get Access
Internet usage, depression, social isolation and loneliness amongst adolescents Pages: 996-1003 Avantika Puri (Psychologist and Behavioral Skills Trainer Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh) Ritu Sharma (Psychologist, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh) Recent studies of Internet influence on behavioral disorders of its users have created quite a polarized ambience. On the one hand, there are those who believe that the Internet is a new better medium for enabling various patterns of communication and social relations. On the other hand, others maintain that Internet use can lead to social isolation and other forms of psychological disorders, like depression and loneliness. Internet is expected to become a basic form of social interaction in the near future, and consequently one of the major factors of socialization and constitution of one's psychological identity. Due to that fact, the aim of this work is to indicate methodological and conceptual flaws of the studies which have attempted to make a connection between mood disorders and the Internet, so as to establish the base for future studies of the psychological consequences of Internet development. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between internet addiction and depression, loneliness, and social isolation. Participants were 100 senior secondary students in the age group 16-18 years (50 Males & 50 Females) who were enrolled in High School in and around South Delhi, in India. In this study, three hypothesis were formulated and tested using Pearson`s Correlation method, t-test and multiple regression. Tests like the Internet Addiction Test, UCLA, Beck Depression Inventory and Social Isolation Scale were used. The study found internet addiction was positively related to depression, loneliness and social isolation. However there was no gender difference observed in the present study related to internet addiction, depression, loneliness and social isolation. The conclusion is that increased internet usage results in psychological problems like depression, social isolation and loneliness amongst adolescents. It is recommended thus that the usage of internet should be limited by the adolescents so as to prevent psychological symptoms to take form. Pages: 996-1003Avantika Puri (Psychologist and Behavioral Skills Trainer Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh)Ritu Sharma (Psychologist… Read more Get Access
Identifying spiritual coping strategies in persons living with HIV/AIDS Pages: 1004-1007 Fauzia Khatoon (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh) Human being have the potential to develop their life project which can be affected by the experience of chronic disease, where spirituality and the coping process emerge as a human expression in search of balance or improving quality of life perspective. Spirituality provides an important function of helping people to find meaning and purpose in their lives. Various researches finding support the use of spiritual coping with HIV/AIDS.The present study explores spiritual coping strategies among male and female persons living with HIV/AIDS. The spiritual coping scale developed by Husain and Khatoon (2016) was administered to a sample of 25male and 25 female persons living with HIV/AIDS.The objective of this study was to identify coping strategies among persons living with HIV/AIDS and to examine differences between males and females HIV/AIDS persons on each item of spiritual coping scale(SCS). Results revealed that significant difference were found between the mean scores of male and female persons living with HIV/AIDS on items: I ask others to pray for me,I am doing yoga sanas, I work together with God to relieve me from worries, I do self-forgiveness exercise on Spiritual Coping Scale. Pages: 1004-1007Fauzia Khatoon (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh) Read more Get Access
A study of well-being among migrants and non-migrants of Jammu and Kashmir in relation to their coping and personality Pages: 1008-1112 Vinod Kumar Bhardwaj (Department of Psychology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana) The movement by the people from one place to another with the intention to settle down temporary or permanently in the new location is called human migration. The present study is an attempt to make a comparative analysis of well-being, personality, and coping in migrants and non migrants. For this purpose a sample of 100 migrants who were the original residents of Kashmir but after forced migration moves towards various migrant camps in Jammu and 100 non migrants original residents of Jammu have been taken. Friedman well-being scale, Neo-FFI, and way of coping (Lazarus) were used the measure the above variables. Descriptive statistic (mean; standard deviations) t- ratios and Discriminant function analysis were computed to compare the two groups in terms of significance of mean differences. Results clearly shows that there are significant differences in well- being, personality and coping of migrants and non- migrants. Pages: 1008-1112Vinod Kumar Bhardwaj (Department of Psychology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana) Read more Get Access
An analysis of diabetes distress among type-2 diabetics Pages: 1013-1016 Supriya Sioni and Kamayani Mathur (Department of Psychology, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat) Diabetes Mellitus(DM) is a metabolic disorder of multiple aetiology characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both (WHO,1999). Type 2 DM begins with insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to respond to insulin properly. As the disease progresses a lack of insulin may also develop. This form was previously referred to as "non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus" (NIDDM). Distress is a term which describes a range of symptoms and experiences of an inner life of a person which leads to troubles, confusions and abnormalities. Diabetes is a demanding disease with a major effect on the quality of life of patients and their families. Diabetes Distress (DD) refers to the unique, often hidden emotional burdens and worries that are part of the spectrum of patient experience when managing a severe, demanding chronic disease like diabetes. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between DD and type 2 diabetics in relation to exercise and gender. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample of 140 type 2 diabetics equally divided gender wise and as per the exercise they do. The sample was selected from various hospitals of Ahmedabad city aged between 30-70 years. Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS) was administered to the patients. The results were statistically analysed using two-way analysis of variance (anova). The findings revealed that DD was found to be more in diabetics who didn't exercise than those who did regular exercise. Type 2 diabetics had higher score on DD than male diabetics. Pages: 1013-1016Supriya Sioni and Kamayani Mathur (Department of Psychology, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat) Read more Get Access
Emotional maturity and health: A correlational study Pages: 1017-1020 Ranjana (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra Universit, Kurukshetra, Haryana) Emotions are great motivating forces throughout the span of human life; affecting aspirations, actions and thoughts of an individual and one requires a higher emotional maturity to lead a happy and effective life. It is very important to study the emotional aspects of adolescents as they lead their normal lives. The current study was planned to analyze the relationship between emotional maturity and general health factors. The sample consists of 144 adolescents studying in class XI and XII, taken from private schools in Haryana. 'Emotional maturity scale' (Yashvir Singh & Mahesh Bhargava 1984).was administered on the selected sample to assess emotional maturity and General health questionnaire (GHQ 60-Goldberg-1967), was used for measuring various health related dimensions of these adolescents. The data were analyzed by using Pearson's Product Moment correlation and stepwise regression analysis. The results showed that (i) Emotional instability, emotional regression, Social Maladjustment, personality disintegration and lack of independence, all the five dimensions of Emotional Maturity have significant positive correlations with sleep, social functioning. Anxiety and depression (ii) Stepwise regression analysis revealed two predictors of health i.e. Personality Disintegration and Emotional Instability. Pages: 1017-1020Ranjana (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra Universit, Kurukshetra, Haryana) Read more Get Access
Mental health problems and self-management among people with type-2 diabetes Pages: 1021-1023 Sadhna Yadav (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh) The study under report was conducted to examine the relationship between mental health problems and self-management among people with Type 2 diabetes. The study was conducted on a sample of 62 people with type 2 diabetes with the age range of 40 to 60 years purposely drawn from Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sir Sundarlal hospital, BHU, Varanasi (UP). The study was approved by the Ethical committee, IMS, BHU. The participants were administered the General Mental Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Diabetes Self-management Questionnaire (DSMQ). Results revealed that mental health problems correlate significantly and negatively with self-management. Results are thoroughly discussed and implications of this study are underlined. Pages: 1021-1023Sadhna Yadav (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh) Read more Get Access
Relationship between emotional intelligence and personality among adolescents Pages: 1024-1026 Rajesh Kumar (Department of Psychology, Government College, Behrampurm, Bapauli, Panipat, Haryana) The present study was an attempt to investigate the relationship and significance of mean difference between emotional intelligence and personality among adolescents. The sample of 200 adolescents of IX and X classes with age range between 14 to 16 years who were administered psychological tests i.e. Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test (Schutte et al., 1998) and Personality Test, NEO-PI-R (Costa & McCrea, 1992). Product Moment Method was used to see the relationships between Emotional intelligence and personality. Results reveal that Emotional intelligence is significantly positive correlated with all five factors of personality except neuroticism. To see the significant mean difference, t- test was used. Result shows that Boys and Girls are significantly differ on emotional intelligence, and neuroticism, extra version and openness the measures of personality. Pages: 1024-1026Rajesh Kumar (Department of Psychology, Government College, Behrampurm, Bapauli, Panipat, Haryana) Read more Get Access
Factorial validation of emotional intelligence scale Pages: 1027-1028 Rashmi Rani (Department of Psychology, Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh) Pratibha Panday (Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology IMS, BHU, Varanasi) This study investigated the factorial validity of the 33-item self - rated Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS: Schutte et al., 1998). For this purpose 200 subjects (100 men & 100 women) were selected from Varanasi district. The factor analysis by using principal component analysis - loadings equal to or more than 0.400, Eigen value equal to 1.000, and by following Scree plot revealed single factor. The single factor consisted of 28 items (except item no 5, 21, 26, 28 & 33), explaining a total of 20.494 % of variance. The reliability index of single factor (SH = 0.792) emerged to be robust; suggesting the trustworthiness of the test scores for measurement purposes of the theoretical construct in the project population. The findings of the study have been discussed in the light of available literature. Pages: 1027-1028Rashmi Rani (Department of Psychology, Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)Pratibha Panday (Department… Read more Get Access
Psychological well-being of elderly parents living with children and in empty nest families: Gender differentials Pages: 1029-1032 Samreet Kaur and Jatinder Kaur Gulati (Department of Human Development, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana) Sonreet Kaur (School of Bussiness Studies, Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana) This study entitled aimed to assess the “Gender differences in psychological well being of elderly parents living in two different settings i.e. those with children and in empty nest families. The sample included 60 elderly couples selected from middle income families of Ludhiana City . The results revealed that elderly women in both the settings were more prone to psychological problems than elderly men. However, the problems were more severe among elderly in empty nest families than those living with children. The elderly mothers in empty nests suffered from all types of psychological problems at significantly higher rate as compared to those living in full nest, except sensitivity. However, sensitivity was found to be the major problem in women but it was equally highest in both the settings. It shows that psychological health of mothers was more affected by their children leaving the home as compared to the fathers. Pages: 1029-1032Samreet Kaur and Jatinder Kaur Gulati (Department of Human Development, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana)Sonreet… Read more Get Access
Aggression and impulsivity among adolescents: A review Pages: 1033-1035 Jagbir Mann (Department of Psychology, Singhania University, Rajasthan) V.N. Yadav (Department of Psychology, Government PG College, Bhiwani, Haryana) Aggression is the intentional harming of another characterized by verbal or physical attack. It may be driven by emotional arousal or it may be instrumental to secure a goal action intended to harm someone. Aggression is the leading cause of violence, rape, murder and terrorism in today's society particularly among youth. There are a number of factors that affect the development of aggression. These may include the prenatal and postnatal factors. The present paper reviews on different forms of aggression and impulsivity. Pages: 1033-1035Jagbir Mann (Department of Psychology, Singhania University, Rajasthan)V.N. Yadav (Department of Psychology, Government PG… Read more Get Access
Coping strategies of PTSD patients Pages: 1036-1038 Rachana Kumari (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi) Anjana Mukhopadhyay (Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi) Trauma can be caused by an overwhelmingly negative event that causes a lasting impact on the victim's mental and emotional stability. Many sources of trauma are physically violent in nature, while others are psychological. Reactions to traumatic events vary from individual to individual as the appraisal of the traumatic event and the ability to cope with it often differs across individuals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the coping patterns of the patients with post traumatic symptoms. Results highlight the coping patterns of trauma affected subjects. Present investigation included 10 PTSD patients and 10 normal adult (18 to 40 years) subjects. Sample included both male and female hospitalized cases from various Trauma Centres of Varanasi. The level of the trauma symptoms was assessed with the PTSD checklist-civilian version. The level of coping pattern was assessed with the Coping Strategies Scale. As hypothesized the coping strategies of PTSD patients reported higher score on avoidance coping strategies than their normal subject counterparts. Pages: 1036-1038Rachana Kumari (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi)Anjana Mukhopadhyay (Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu… Read more Get Access
क्षमा की उपयोगिता एवं शारीरिक व मानसिक स्वास्थ्य Pages: 1039-1041 शोएब हसन व तन्वांगी मणि त्रिपाठी (दी.द.उ. गोरखपुर विश्वविदयालय, गोरखपुर ) सदियों से क्षमा को एक, धार्मिक, दार्शनिक और व्यक्तिगत पहलू से अपने भावात्मक, संज्ञानात्मक, व्यवहारात्मक, नैतिक और सांस्कृतिक सुविधाओं के संबंध में विचार-विमर्श किया जाता रहा है । आधुनिक मनोवैज्ञानिक साहित्य में इस पर व्यापक शोध कार्य हो रहा है । वर्तमान समय की यह मांग है कि हम न केवल व्यक्तियों, समुदायों बल्कि राष्ट्रों को भी क्षमा रूपी मूल्य से अवगत कराएं, बल्कि इसके उपयोग पर भी बल दें ।अतरू प्रस्तुत शोध-पत्र में क्षमा की उपयोगिता, तथा उससे होने वाले शारीरिक व मानसिक लाभ से परिचित कराने का प्रयास किया गया है ।प्रासंगिक साहित्य की समीक्षा से उत्पन्न निष्कर्षों से यह पता चलता है कि हम क्षमा को सशक्त टूल के रूप में उपयोग कर न केवल अपने शारीरिक व मानसिक स्वास्थ्य की रक्षा कर सकते हैं, अपितु उसका विकास भी कर सकते हैं ।क्षमा के माध्यम से अनेक मानसिक स्वास्थ्य से सम्बंधित लाभों को प्राप्त किया जा सकता है । Pages: 1039-1041शोएब हसन व तन्वांगी मणि त्रिपाठी (दी.द.उ. गोरखपुर विश्वविदयालय, गोरखपुर ) Read more Get Access
Quality of life, psychological impairment, and resilience among employment-restricted immigrants Pages: 1042-1047 Vijaita Mahendra (Clinical Psychologist, Temple University, Washington, USA) Geetika Agarwal (Psychologist, Bangalore, Karnataka) Thousands of immigrants come to the United States (U.S.) on employment visas but accompanying dependents cannot work. This study assessed, (a) effect of Employment Restricting Visas (ERVs) on the quality of life and the mental health of dependent-visa holders, (b) moderating effect of resilience, coping, and Time Since Immigration (TSI), and (c) unique variance accounted for by resilience and coping in relationships between visa group and TSI with outcome variables. 57 individuals on ERVs and 46 on non-ERVs participated in this study. The mean age was 29.5 years. Analyses were conducted using t-tests, correlational and regression analyses. The results of the ERV group demonstrated a lower life satisfaction and higher scores on disability, depression and anxiety. Significant correlations and variance were demonstrated between resilience and maladaptive coping and the outcome variables. Moderation results were not significant. The study discusses how the restriction from employment mimics the psychological impact of unemployment. However, resilience and maladaptive coping play important roles. Policy initiatives from government and community outreach programs are needed and highlighted. Pages: 1042-1047Vijaita Mahendra (Clinical Psychologist, Temple University, Washington, USA)Geetika Agarwal (Psychologist, Bangalore, Karnataka) Read more Get Access
Selected demographic factors and substance use, reason for first time substance use, and risk awareness among halaba secondary school students in Ethiopia Pages: 1048-1051 Gete Tsegaye (Department of Behavioral Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia) The aim of the present study was to find out whether the secondary school students were aware of the risk of substance use and to find out the reason why they first used substance. Halaba secondary school was strategically chosen for this study due to its relevance. Out of the total 5,518 students 811 grades 9 through 12 students were selected by using proportionate stratified random sampling technique to participate in this study. Survey and focus group discussions were used to collect data. One way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that substance use was not found to be significantly different by family size and age group of respondents at 0.05 significance level (p>0.05). Among the substance user respondents 68 (28 %) used substance first to stay awake at night for study, 64(26.4%)due to combination of reasons,42 (17.3%) to get relief from depression,34 (14.0%)to pass time & 29 (11.9%)out of curiosity Also,420 (51.7%) of the total respondents reported that they were aware of risks associated with substance use while almost half of the participants reported otherwise. Furthermore, the majority of respondents 205 (25.3%) and 107 (13.2%)reported school and family respectively as their major sources of information while religious organizations ,media and various sources were mentioned by others. Health problem, addiction, crime, conflict and academic problems were respectively reported as risks of substance use. Better awareness should be created on the risk of substance use among secondary school students. Also, healthy means of pass time and recreation should be in place to prevent substance use among the youth. Pages: 1048-1051Gete Tsegaye (Department of Behavioral Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia) Read more Get Access
Achievement motivation, self-esteem and adjustment problems of rural adolescents: An empirical study Pages: 1052-1057 Namita Mohanty and Manoranjan Nayak (Department of Psychology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha) The present study aimed at finding out the role of Gender and SES on achievement motivation, self-esteem and adjustment problems of adolescents. A 2(Gender) ×2 (SES) factorial design was used to conduct the research. A total number of one hundred and twenty students, including 60 boys and 60 girls, studying in class IX and X of Odia medium schools from rural Odisha were administered the Kuppuswamy Socioeconomic Status Scale (Kuppuswamy, 1976). On the basis of their scores on the scale, 29 boys and 26 girls belonged to High SES group and 31 boys and 34 girls fell into Low SES group. Rao's Achievement Motivation Test (Rao, 1974), Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965), and The School Adjustment Inventory (Sinha & Singh, 1971) were administered on the subjects. Results revealed significant effect of Gender on all the three variables. Even though boys had higher achievement motivation, they had lower self-esteem and more adjustment problems compared to that of the girls. Inter-correlation among self-esteem, achievement motivation and adjustment problems of adolescents were also found to be significant. The findings were discussed in terms of gender role stereotypes tagged up with the process of socialization, discriminatory classroom practices and developmental changes during adolescence. Major implications were highlighted. Pages: 1052-1057Namita Mohanty and Manoranjan Nayak (Department of Psychology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha) Read more Get Access
Compare the characteristics and quality of life in patients with vitiligo and non-patients Pages: 1058-1061 Zahra Karimi Pour, Alireza Feyli, and Hossein Baghooli (Department of Psychology, Shiraz branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran) The purpose of this study was compare personality traits and quality of life in patients with vitiligo and no patient individuals. The population sampling included all of the coetaneous (skinny) patients, affected by vitiligos that were (admitted) to Faghihi martyr hospital in Shiraz. The sample of study included of 108 people (54 patients affected by vitiligo & 54 non patients) that were selected through of no probability sampling (accecilable). Data from the questionnaire via the NEO character and features of the World Health Organization quality of life were collected. For the decomposition and analysis of data, applied from (was used from) multi variable variance analysis. The result showed that: there was not significance difference between the quality of life in people affected by vitiligo and no patients. But in component of mental health and social relationships, two groups were different [F (5,102) =5.30, p<0.001], and no patient individuals had a higher mean than affected by vitiligo individuals in two components. Also was the significant difference among two groups in extroversion and receptiveness traits, and according to the means, no patient individuals had a higher mean than affected individuals by vitiligo disease [F (5,102) =2.52, p<0.03]. Pages: 1058-1061Zahra Karimi Pour, Alireza Feyli, and Hossein Baghooli (Department of Psychology, Shiraz branch, Islamic… Read more Get Access
Value orientation among adolescents: A study of gender and locale differences Pages: 1062-1066 Manpreet Kaur and Tejpreet Kaur Kang (Department of Human Development, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana) The present study entitled 'value orientation among rural and urban adolescent boys and girls' was undertaken in the Kapurthala district of Punjab. The study was designed to compare value orientation of adolescents across gender and locale. The sample comprised of 200 adolescents (100 boys & 100 girls) of age group 14-16 years. Personal Value Questionnaire by Sherry and Verma (1994) was used to assess the value orientation of adolescents. The scale consists of 40 items representing ten types of values namely Religious Values, Social Values, Democratic Values, Aesthetic Values, Economic Values, Knowledge Values, Hedonistic Values, Power Values, Family Prestige Values and Health Values. Gender differences revealed that girls possessed more values as compared to boys. In locale differences urban adolescents were found to possess more values as compared to rural adolescents. Pages: 1062-1066Manpreet Kaur and Tejpreet Kaur Kang (Department of Human Development, College of Home Science… Read more Get Access

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