Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing (IJHW) is an indexed and peer-reviewed journal published quarterly by the Indian Association of Health, Research, and Welfare (IAHRW). The IJHW aims to promote interdisciplinary research in health sciences and psychology by providing a platform for researchers, academicians and professionals to share knowledge and advancements in the field. The journal focuses on various areas including mental health, public health, alternative medicine, lifestyle diseases, health policies, and behavioral sciences. Its primary objective is to encourage evidence-based studies that contribute to the understanding and improvement of physical, mental and social wellbeing. Through rigorous peer-reviewed publications, it aims to influence policy-making and promote best practices in healthcare and psychological wellbeing. IJHW is indexed with EBSCOhost Connection Two, Academic Search Complete, The Belt and Road Initiative Reference Source, Cogito Indexing Text, Academic Search Ultimate, Academic Search Main Edition, Biomedical Index, Google Scholar Crawl Database, SocINDEX with Full Text, Sociology Source Ultimate, ProQuest, ProQuest Central, Index Copernicus International, Google Scholar, USA Library, WorldCat, J-Gate, and Academic Search Premier. IJHW has been published regularly since 2010. The journal is a medium for empirical inquiry, theoretical papers, reviews, and applied and policy-related articles. The journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of scientific excellence in the subfields of psychology, psychiatry, education, and other social and behavioral sciences.
Journal ORCHID ID: 0000-0002-5342-3424
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD
ORCHID ID: 0000-0002-5342-3424
Editorial Office: 1245/4, Mohalla Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: suneil.psy@gmail.com, iahrw2019@gmail.com
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: IAHRW Publications Private Limited (IEC/PAN- AAECI2603L, dated 23.3.2019), Address: 1245/18, Mohalla Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
ISSN: 2229-5356 (print version)
ISSN: 2321-3698 (electronic version)
Frequency: Quarterly (March, June, September and December), Average time of publishing is 2-3 Months after submission.
Indexing: EBSCOhost Connection Two, Academic Search Complete, The Belt and Road Initiative Reference Source, Cogito Indexing Text, Academic Search Ultimate, Academic Search Main Edition, Biomedical Index, Google Scholar Crawl Database, SocINDEX with Full Text, Sociology Source Ultimate, ProQuest (Health and Medical Research Collection, Health Research Premier Collection, ProQuest Central Essentials, ProQuest Central Premium, ProQuest Central Student, ProQuest One Academy, ProQuest One Community College ), USA Library, Index Copernicus International, J-Gate, Academic Search Premier, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating 4.11
EDITORIAL BOARD
The journal actively promotes geographical diversity and international participation among editors, reviewers, and authors to strengthen its global academic reach and scholarly impact.
CHIEF EDITOR
Sunil Saini, PhD
Indian Association of Health Research and Welfare, Hisar, Haryana, India
ORCHID ID: 0000-0002-5342-3424
EDITORS
Dr. Akbar Husain, PhD
Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2181-9528
Dr. Arun Kumar Jaiswal, PhD
Department of Psychology, Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4430-6063
Dr. C. R. Darolia, PhD
Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3282-2733
Dr. Damanjit Sandhu, PhD
Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8368-0133
Dr. Gynesh Kumar TIwari, PhD
Department of Psychology, Manipur University, Manipur
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6880-940X
Dr. Gopal Chandra Mahakud, PhD
Department of Applied Psychology, University of Delhi, New Delhi
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0260-6554
Dr. Priyanka Anjan Rao, PhD
Department of Applied Psychology, University of Delhi, New Delhi
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-6451-1744
Dr. Sangeeta Trama, PhD
Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-9257-8722
Dr. Surendra Kumar Sia, PhD
Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, New Delhi
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5035-3256
Dr. Umesh Bhart, PhD
Department of Applied Psychology, University of Mumbai, Mumbai
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5035-3256
Dr. Radhy Shyam, PhD, MD University, Rohtak
Dr. Sibnath Deb, PhD, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry
Reviewer’s Panel (2025-2026)
1. Prof. C R Darolia, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra
2. Prof. Arun Kumari Jaiswal, Former Prof. Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi
3. Prof. Sangeeta Trama, Punjabi University, Patiala
4. Prof. Surendra Kumar SIa, University of Delhi, Delhi
5. Prof. Radhy Shyam, M D University, Rohtak
6. Prof. Sunita Malhotra, Former Prof. M D University, Rohtak
7. Prof. Alpana Vaidya, Symbiosis University, Pune
8. Prof. Sandeep Singh, G J U S & T, Hisar, Haryana
9. Prof. Deepshikha Ray, Calcutta University, Kolkata
10. Dr. Umesh Bharte, University of Mumbai
11. Dr. Gopal Chandra, University of Delhi, Delhi
Reviewer Guidelines
The Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing (IJHW) relies on the expertise of reviewers to maintain the quality, integrity, and scientific rigor of published research. Reviewers are expected to evaluate manuscripts objectively, fairly, and confidentially. Reviews should focus on originality, scientific merit, methodology, ethical compliance, clarity of presentation, significance of findings, and relevance to the journal’s scope. Constructive comments should be provided to assist authors in improving their work. Reviewers should avoid personal criticism and support their recommendations with clear reasoning and evidence.
Reviewer Responsibilities
Reviewers are expected to:
- Maintain confidentiality of all manuscripts and related materials.
- Disclose any actual or potential conflicts of interest.
- Conduct reviews objectively and professionally.
- Identify relevant published work not cited by the authors.
- Alert editors to suspected plagiarism, duplicate publication, ethical concerns, or research misconduct.
- Submit reviews within the agreed timeframe.
- Refrain from using unpublished information obtained during peer review for personal advantage.
Editorial Office: 1245/18, Moh. Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: suneil.psy@gmail.com,
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare (IAHRW)
ISSN: 2229-5356 (print version)
ISSN: 2321-3698 (electronic version)
Frequency: Quarterly
Indexing: EBSCOhost Connection Two, Academic Search Complete, The Belt and Road Initiative Reference Source, Cogito Indexing Text, Academic Search Ultimate, Academic Search Main Edition, Biomedical Index, Google Scholar Crawl Database, SocINDEX with Full Text, Sociology Source Ultimate, ProQuest (Health and Medical Research Collection, Health Research Premier Collection, ProQuest Central Essentials, ProQuest Central Premium, ProQuest Central Student, ProQuest One Academy, ProQuest One Community College ), USA Library, Index Copernicus International, J-Gate, Academic Search Premier, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating 4.
Author Guidelines
About the Journal
The Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing (IJHW) is a peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary scholarly journal published quarterly by the Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare (IAHRW). The journal publishes original research articles, review papers, case studies, brief reports, and theoretical contributions in the fields of health sciences, psychology, psychiatry, medicine, behavioral sciences, education, rehabilitation, social sciences, and related disciplines.
Manuscript Submission
Authors should submit manuscripts that are original, unpublished, and not under consideration by any other journal. Submission of a manuscript implies that all authors have approved the submission and agree to the journal’s publication policies.
Manuscripts should be prepared according to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA), 7th Edition and submitted through the journal’s online submission system or designated editorial email.
Manuscript Preparation
Title Page
The title page should contain:
- Full title of the manuscript
- Names of all authors
- Institutional affiliations
- ORCID IDs (where available)
- Corresponding author’s email address and contact details
- Author contribution statement
Abstract
Provide a structured or unstructured abstract of 150–250 words summarizing the objectives, methodology, results, and conclusions.
Keywords
Provide 4–6 keywords suitable for indexing and retrieval purposes.
Main Text
Research articles should generally include:
- Introduction
- Objectives/Hypotheses
- Methodology
- Results
- Discussion
- Conclusion
- References
Tables and Figures
Tables and figures should conform to APA 7th edition formatting standards and be clearly numbered and cited within the text.
References
All references must follow APA 7th edition style and should include DOI information wherever available.
Peer Review Process
The journal follows a double-blind peer review process. All manuscripts undergo an initial editorial screening followed by review by at least two independent experts. The review process generally takes 4–8 weeks. Editorial decisions may include:
- Accept
- Accept with Minor Revisions
- Major Revisions Required
- Revise and Resubmit
- Reject
Author Contributions
Authors are encouraged to provide an Author Contributions Statement based on the CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) framework, clearly indicating individual contributions to the research and manuscript preparation.
Data Availability Statement
Authors should include a statement describing the availability of research data supporting the findings of the study. Data may be publicly available, available upon reasonable request, or subject to restrictions.
Funding Information
All sources of financial support, grants, sponsorship, equipment, materials, or other assistance must be disclosed within the manuscript.
Conflict of Interest Declaration
Authors must disclose any financial, professional, institutional, or personal relationships that may influence the interpretation of the research findings.
Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Authors may use AI-assisted tools for language editing or technical support; however, AI systems cannot be listed as authors. Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, integrity, and ethical compliance of all submitted content. Any significant use of AI tools must be disclosed in the manuscript. The AI content should not be more than 15% as per Turnitin
Research Misconduct Policy
The journal does not tolerate any form of research or publication misconduct. Misconduct includes but is not limited to:
- Plagiarism
- Self-plagiarism
- Data fabrication
- Data falsification
- Citation manipulation
- Image manipulation
- Duplicate publication
- Ghost, guest, or gift authorship
- Undisclosed conflicts of interest
Allegations of misconduct will be investigated following COPE recommendations and may result in rejection, correction, retraction, or notification to the authors’ institutions.
Copyright and Permissions
Authors are responsible for obtaining permission to reproduce copyrighted material, including figures, tables, questionnaires, or extensive quotations. Appropriate acknowledgment must be provided.
Ethical Guidelines for Authors
Originality and Plagiarism
Authors must ensure that submitted manuscripts are original works. Plagiarism, self-plagiarism, duplicate publication, data fabrication, data falsification, citation manipulation, and image manipulation are strictly prohibited. The plagiarism should be below 10% as per Turnitin report.
Multiple, Redundant, or Concurrent Publication
Manuscripts submitted to IJHW should not be under consideration by another journal simultaneously. Duplicate or redundant publication is considered unethical and unacceptable.
Authorship Criteria
Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made substantial intellectual contributions to the conception, design, execution, analysis, interpretation, or reporting of the study. Guest, gift, honorary, and ghost authorship are not permitted.
Ethical Approval and Informed Consent
Research involving human participants or animals must receive approval from an appropriate Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC), Institutional Review Board (IRB), or equivalent authority. Authors should clearly state the approval details within the manuscript. Informed consent must be obtained from participants wherever applicable.
Confidentiality and Privacy
Authors must protect the privacy and confidentiality of research participants. Identifiable personal information should not be published without explicit written consent.
Research Integrity
Authors must accurately present their methods, data, analyses, and findings. Any errors discovered before or after publication should be promptly reported to the Editor for correction or retraction where necessary.
Data Sharing and Reproducibility
Authors should retain research data and make it available to editors or qualified researchers when requested, subject to ethical and legal considerations.
Clinical Trials
Clinical studies should comply with recognized ethical standards and include registration details of the clinical trial registry where applicable.
Corrections and Retractions
Authors have an obligation to cooperate with the journal in publishing corrections, corrigenda, errata, expressions of concern, or retractions when necessary to maintain the integrity of the scholarly record.
Retraction, Correction, and Withdrawal Policy
The journal is committed to maintaining the integrity of the scholarly record. Published articles may be corrected, withdrawn, or retracted when necessary.
Corrections
Minor errors that do not affect the validity of the findings may be corrected through an erratum or corrigendum.
Retractions
Articles may be retracted due to plagiarism, duplicate publication, data fabrication, falsification, unethical research practices, significant errors, or other forms of scientific misconduct.
Article Withdrawal
Authors may request withdrawal of a manuscript before publication. Once published, withdrawal will only be considered under exceptional circumstances and in accordance with COPE guidelines.
Expressions of Concern
The journal may publish an Expression of Concern while allegations of misconduct are under investigation.
Author Appeals Policy
Authors who disagree with an editorial decision may submit a formal appeal to the Editor-in-Chief within 30 days of receiving the decision.
Appeals should:
- Clearly explain the grounds for appeal.
- Provide supporting evidence or clarification.
- Address reviewer comments where appropriate.
The appeal will be reviewed independently and, if necessary, additional expert opinions may be sought. The decision reached after the appeal review shall be final.
Compliance with COPE Guidelines
The Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing follows the principles and best practices of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and expects all authors to uphold the highest standards of academic integrity, transparency, and responsible research conduct.
Research Ethics
Human Participants
Research involving human participants must have prior approval from a recognized Institutional Ethics Committee or Institutional Review Board (IRB). Authors must confirm that informed consent was obtained from participants wherever applicable.
Animal Research
Studies involving animals must comply with institutional, national, and international ethical guidelines governing animal welfare and experimentation.
Clinical Research
Authors conducting clinical studies should provide details of trial registration and ethical approval where applicable.
Conflict of Interest Policy
Author Disclosure
Authors must disclose any financial, professional, institutional, or personal relationships that may influence the interpretation of their research findings.
Reviewer and Editor Disclosure
Editors and reviewers are required to declare any potential conflicts of interest and withdraw from the review or decision-making process whenever such conflicts exist.
Archiving
The publisher ensures electrornic backup of the published articles and website content regularly. All published articles are also being archived in concerned database.
Publishing Schedule
IJHW is published in both online and print version in March, June, September and December.
Editorial Office: Sunil Saini, PhD, Editorial Office: 1245/18, Moh. Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: suneil.psy@gmail.com, suneil@iahrw.org
Phone: 9255442103, 7988885490
Publisher: Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare (IAHRW)
Peer Review Policy
The Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing (IJHW) is committed to maintaining the highest standards of scholarly publishing through a rigorous, fair, transparent, and timely peer review process. All manuscripts submitted to the journal are evaluated solely on their academic merit, originality, scientific quality, methodological rigor, ethical compliance, and relevance to the journal’s scope.
Initial Editorial Screening
Upon submission, each manuscript undergoes an initial evaluation by the Editor-in-Chief or an assigned Editor. The manuscript is assessed for:
- Relevance to the aims and scope of the journal
- Originality and scholarly contribution
- Scientific and methodological quality
- Compliance with ethical standards
- Adherence to journal formatting and submission guidelines
- Completeness of required declarations and supporting documents
Manuscripts that do not meet these requirements may be returned to the authors without external review.
Plagiarism Screening
All submissions are screened using plagiarism detection software before entering the peer review process. The journal generally considers manuscripts with a similarity index of less than 20% (excluding references, quotations, and standard methodological descriptions) for further evaluation. Cases of suspected plagiarism, duplicate publication, or research misconduct are handled according to the journal’s publication ethics policies and COPE guidelines.
Double-Blind Peer Review
The journal follows a double-blind peer review process, whereby the identities of authors and reviewers remain confidential throughout the review process. Manuscripts that successfully pass the initial screening are typically sent to two independent expert reviewers with recognized expertise in the relevant field.
In cases where reviewer recommendations differ substantially, or where additional expertise is required, the Editor may appoint a third reviewer.
Reviewer Evaluation Criteria
Reviewers are requested to evaluate manuscripts on the basis of:
- Originality and significance of the research
- Contribution to existing knowledge and theory
- Clarity of research objectives and hypotheses
- Appropriateness of research design and methodology
- Adequacy of data analysis and interpretation
- Ethical conduct of the research
- Quality of presentation and organization
- Adequacy of literature review and referencing
- Validity of conclusions and implications
- Overall suitability for publication
Reviewers are expected to provide objective, constructive, and evidence-based comments that assist both the authors and editors in improving manuscript quality.
Peer Review Timeline
The journal aims to complete the peer review process within 4–8 weeks from the date of submission. However, review times may vary depending on reviewer availability, manuscript complexity, and the extent of revisions required.
Reviewer Feedback and Author Revisions
Reviewer comments and recommendations are communicated to the corresponding author through the journal’s editorial system or official email communication. When revisions are requested, authors must submit:
- A revised manuscript with tracked or highlighted changes (where applicable)
- A detailed point-by-point response to each reviewer comment
Revised manuscripts may be returned to the original reviewers for further evaluation before a final decision is made.
Editorial Decisions
Based on reviewer recommendations and editorial assessment, one of the following decisions may be issued:
- Accept without Revision
- Accept with Minor Revisions
- Major Revisions Required
- Revise and Resubmit for Further Review
- Reject
The final publication decision is made by the Editor-in-Chief or designated Editorial Board members. Editorial decisions are based on the scientific merit, originality, methodological quality, ethical compliance, and relevance of the manuscript.
Reviewer Confidentiality
All manuscripts received for review are treated as confidential documents. Reviewers must not share, discuss, copy, or use any unpublished information obtained through the peer review process for personal advantage or for the benefit of others.
Conflict of Interest in Peer Review
Reviewers and editors must disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflicts of interest that could influence their evaluation of a manuscript. Individuals with conflicts of interest will be recused from the review or editorial decision-making process.
Appeals and Complaints
Authors who disagree with an editorial decision may submit a formal appeal to the Editor-in-Chief, providing a detailed justification supported by evidence. Appeals will be reviewed independently, and the journal reserves the right to seek additional expert opinions when necessary.
Complaints concerning editorial processes, peer review, publication ethics, or professional conduct may be submitted to the editorial office at iahrw2019@gmail. com or suneil@iahrw.org. The journal aims to acknowledge complaints within seven working days and resolve them fairly, transparently, and confidentially.
Publication Ethics and COPE Compliance
The Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing follows internationally recognized standards of publication ethics and adheres to the principles and best practices recommended by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Editors, reviewers, and authors are expected to uphold the highest standards of integrity, transparency, objectivity, and ethical conduct throughout the publication process.
The final decision is made by the Editor-in-Chief or the Editorial Board and is communicated to the corresponding author through email along with the relevant comments and recommendations.
Pages: 1007-1009 Present study tried to find out the role of midlife, BMI and different stages of hypertension in developing dementia which may lead to Alzheimer's disease in city of Karachi-Pakistan A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2008 and April 2010. Study included 611 hypertensive patients of both males and females gender with age > 50 years. Patients were taken from the local clinic and hospitals of Karachi-Pakistan. Patients were screened for cognitive impairment using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and informants who knew the subjects answered the Informant Questionnaire for Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE). BMI and blood pressure of each patient was noted. Patients were considered to hypertensive according to Joint National Committee criteria. Our study observed that the intensity of dementia is directly related especially with hypertension type 2. Study also observed that with the increasing in age the prevalence of all form of dementia was observed. Highest percentage of patients with low BMI and BMI > 25 showed severe form of dementia as compared to normal weight. It is therefore concluded that hypertension type 2 is the major risk factor that will increase the risk of AD in Pakistan; but along with other factors like obesity and aging, it can lead to AD and related pathological conditions in individuals markedly characterized by dementia and cognitive decline. Pages: 1007-1009Nelofar, S. (Department of Physiology, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Medical College, Lyari General Hospital, Karachi)Khalida… |
Pages: 1010-1012 The present study was conducted to assess the level of Behavioral Assessment of M.R. Children. For this purpose a sample of 10 M.R. children as a subject was taken and a scale of Madras Development Programming System (MDPS) scale with six domains by Jay Chandran was administered. The data have been analyzed by applying the student 't' test to determine the significance of mean difference between pre & post activities of M.R. children. On the basis of the finding of this study it may be concluded that there were significant differences was found between pre & post activities of M.R. children. Pages: 1010-1012L. N. Bunker, Subhash Meena and Laxmi Prajapat (J. N. V. University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan) |
Pages: 1013-1017 How people feel and think about their lives is essential and integral part of understanding the well-being in a particular society. The present study is an attempt to investigate the well-being of male and female adolescents (N=240) attending government and public schools of Gorakhpur city. All the subjects belonged to the age group of 15 to 17 years. These participants were subjected to 35 items measure of well-being having seven domains. The results revealed that adolescents attending to public school scored higher as compare to government school on dimensions of well-being namely positive affect, family support and achievement expectation, while male adolescents showed higher emotional support, achievement expectation. The implications of the findings have been discussed. Pages: 1013-1017P.S.N. Tiwari and Krishna Sharma (Department of Psychology, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, UP) |
Pages: 1018-1019 The concept of personality is not new. It can be described from the Sankhya school which is considered one of the oldest Hindu systems of philosophy. The concept of the Triguna seems to have implication to our understanding of human behaviour. The gunas are Sattva, Rajas, Tamas. They are always changing. These gunas determine the individual's personality type and behaviour. In present situation the concept of trigunas is very essential to all human being from lower to higher as evident from the Maslow's hierarchy (1970) that is from tamas to sattva. Pages: 1018-1019Himani Bhattacharya (Psychology Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata) |
Pages: 1020-1021 Three quarter of the neonatal deaths happens in the first week only and the initial 24 hours itself take a toll of 25% to 45% of deaths. The Studies conducted in the South East Asia Regions has shown the impact of home visits by skilled workers and it has reduced deaths of newborns by 30 to 61%. Home visits by a skilled health worker immediately after birth is a health strategy that can increase newborn survival rates. The present cross sectional survey was done among the 54 ASHA s of the Kurali Block of district Faridabad of Haryana. All the ASHAs were assessed on the basis of their skills and knowledge about the component of Home Based Post Natal Care (HBPNC). Conclusions and recommendations: All the ASHAs were well versed with the vital issues in postnatal care. There is still gap in the skills required for proper HBPNC. There is need of continuous on the job training for the Home Based Post Natal Care. Pages: 1020-1021Sat Pal (Demonstrator, Department of Physiology, University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana)Vijay Silan (Senior… |
Pages: 1022-1023 In India, a few studies have been conducted on the prevalence of personality disorders. Early identification of individuals who may be vulnerable to developing a personality disorder will help in designing appropriate intervention modules. The aim of the study was to study the prevalence of possible personality disorders in young adults. The sample comprised of 400 male and female postgraduate college students from Bangalore. The study was cross sectional in design. The participants were administered the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire 4+ and the General Health Questionnaire-28. Twenty one percent (N=85) had scores above the cut off on PDQ 4+ indicating the presence of a possible personality disorder. Majority of these individuals (N=73, 86%) did not report significant psychological distress. The study suggests that it may be possible to identify individuals who may be vulnerable to developing personality disorders. This information could be used in designing appropriate campus based intervention modules. Pages: 1022-1023Shweta Tandon (Sports Psychologist, Sports Injury Centre Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi)Kiran Rao (Department of… |
Pages: 1024-1029 Ageing is a constant, predictable process that involves growth and development of living organisms. The United Nations anticipates that the number of people aged 65 and over will increase to 822 million all over the world by 2025. The increase of ageing population is a major concern to both the family and the government. Developing countries such as China and India have the largest total population, and will continue to have the largest absolute number of elderly people. Nobody grow old merely by living a certain number of years. Years may wrinkle the skin but worry, doubt, fear, anxiety, tension and self disrespect wrinkle the soul. Elderly people are highly prone to mental morbidities due to ageing of the brain, problems associated with physical health and socio-economic factors like break down of family support and decline in economic independence. The issue is more acute for women because they are disadvantaged in the predominantly patriarchal societies in which most of them live. The present study examines the changes in mental health of aged rural women and influence of various socio-economic factors on these changes. A semi-structured questionnaire on socio-demographic and mental health profiles of women was developed to assess their mental health status. Most of the women under study were consuming those food items which were easily available in villages and their diet generally lacked fruits, eggs and meat as only 17.5 per cent women were consuming egg and meat while 21.3 per cent ate fruits occasionally. Majority of aged women reported that they could concentrate on work (82.5%) and pay a useful role in the family (83.7%) provided they were given due respect and health care. It was found that more than half of them (57.5%) remained under stress due to one or the other reason and the magnitude of their mental stress was more than their physical one. Family education had positive impact on mental health status of elder women of the family as the mental health level of aged rural women from families having higher education was somewhat better than those of having lower level of family education. More rural aged women from married class were mentally good (86.0%) than those from widow class (67.6%). Family bonding among its members plays an important role in maintaining their physical and mental health specially those of older persons. More number of aged women from medium size families (84.4%) was having good mental health level as compared to those of small (78.3%) and large size (50.0%) families. It was found that high family income was not a guarantee of good mental health of its elderly women but it is the love and affection of family members that natters to keep the mental health of aged women sound as more women from families having medium annual income were having good mental health level (87.1%). The present study showed some association of socio-economic factors with mental health and functioning of an elderly woman. Pages: 1024-1029Vinod Kumari (CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Campus Kaul, Kaithal, Haryana) |
Pages: 1030-1034 The teacher in the emerging economy has a very vital role to play in the social reconstruction and transmission of wisdom, knowledge and experience from one generation to another. The progress and future of education, its equality and ideals will depend on how and why young persons are educated. This study is aimed at finding the level of job satisfaction of High School Teachers in relation to anxiety. The study revealed that Govt. High School Teachers were more satisfied as compared to Private High Schools because of their low expectations and also the percentage the level of anxiety is higher in teacher of Private High Schools than the teachers of Govt. High Schools. Pages: 1030-1034Monika Kumari (Dakshin Bharat Hindi Prachar Sabha, Chennai)Nirmala Devi (CR College of Education, Hisar… |
Pages: 1035-1040 This study is based on interviews of the 192 visually impaired subjects. 93 males and 99 females above 5yr of age from National Institute for the Visually Handicapped, Dehradun, were interviewed and their dreams and other relevant information were collected. They were divided into two age group age group I i.e. under 12yrs and age group II i.e. above 12 yrs. Considering the contents of the dream of the visually impaired their dreams were divided into 13 categories and then interpreted. Most of the dreams upon interpretation indicated a feeling of insecurity, fear and anxiety in their personality. Pages: 1035-1040Shobhita Rani (Freelancer Psychologist, Dehradun, UK) |
Pages: 1041-1043 The present study makes an attempt to assess the extent of anxiety and depression among diabetic patients. It was conjectured that Type 1 and Type 2 diabetic patients do not differ significantly on anxiety and depression. It was also hypothesized that male and female diabetic patients do not differ significantly on anxiety and depression. The sample comprised of 156 diabetic patients. Data was obtained using Beck's Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck's Depression Inventory Second edition (BDI-11). Findings revealed a significant difference in the extent of depression between Type-1 and Type-2 diabetic patients with Type-1 patients reporting higher depression than Type-2 patients. Significant gender differences were noticed with male patients indicating higher anxiety and depression than female patients. Pages: 1041-1043Rajeshwari. N. Kenchappanavar (Department of Psychology, Karnatak Arts College, Dharwad, Karnataka) |
Pages: 1044-1047 Adolescence is a time of change in life and peer pressure is a main issue of discussion among different fraternities. Peer pressure refers to the influence exerted by a peer group in encouraging a person to change his or her attitudes values or behaviour in order to conform to group norms. Youth peer pressure is one of the most frequently referred to forms of peer pressure. It is particularly common because most youth spend large amounts of time in fixed groups regardless of their opinion of those groups. In addition to this, they may lack the maturity to handle pressure from friends. Peer relationships can be a powerful positive or negative influence. Friends and other ideals of the same age are main source of peer pressure because they affect an adolescent's decision making a lot. Pages: 1044-1047Suresh Kumar (Department of Psychology, Govt. College of Girls, Sec -11, Chandigarh)Rakesh Kumar Behmani… |
Pages: 1051-1053 The current study examined teacher's job depression in relation to worry, job demand, job control and job support. The participants were 100 male teachers from district Hisar. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to teachers. The questionnaires asked about depression, worry, job demands, job control and job support at work. Pearson' Product Moment Correlation was used to analyze the results. The findings indicated that there was significant positive relation in depression and worry, depression and job demand. There was significant negative relation in depression and job support. The results are discussed empirical research support. Pages: 1051-1053Sumita Chahal (Department of Psychology, Punjab University, Chandigarh)Anita Yadav (Patanjali University, Haridawar, UK) |
Pages: 1054-1058 The study was conducted on 100 samples (50 male and 50 female) in KSR Textiles, Erode. The textile employees face stress, which affects their general functioning and attitude toward life. The present investigation was carried out to a) Differentiate the life stress events among male and female textile employees and b) to find out the difference in occupational stress among male and female textile employees. The results indicated no significant difference in the level of life stress events between male and females working in the textile mill. Whereas, there was a significant difference in the role behavior stress between male and female textile workers in the level of occupational stress. Pages: 1054-1058A. Velayudhan and S. Selvaraju (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore ) |
Pages: 1059-1061 This study aimed to explore the study anxiety in science faculty students in Aligarh Muslim University. The questionnaire used in this study is developed by Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney consisted of 15 items. The total sample was of 68 students. The results indicated that there was no significant difference in anxiety among students based on their gender and their level of study . Pages: 1059-1061Malek Yosef Makeed Alkhutaba (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh)Naheed Nizami (Department of… |
Pages: 1062-1065 Body Mass Index (BMI), basal metabolic rate (BMR), Waist circumference (WC) and Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) are frequently used indices to categorize underweight, overweight and obese individuals along with the characteristics like basal body conditions, and the proportion of fat stored on the body. Blood pressure within the arteries can be altered with the changes in these indices that may be an alarm of Hypertension or other cardiovascular harms. The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of BMI, BMR, Waist circumference and Waist to hip ratio on Blood pressure & how these parameters alter the blood pressure of normal human subjects. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 100 respondents (93% non-married) selected from Karachi and sample type is stratified random sampling, stratum is based on age i.e. 20-30 years. The respondent's demographic information and physical information; age, sex, marital status, level of education, weight, height, BMI, Waist circumferences, hip circumferences, blood pressure, BMR and waist/hip ratio were recorded. Data entries and data analysis were done using SPSS 16.0. BMI has a profound effect on WHR, waist circumference, and BMR and it was observed that an increase in the value of BMI results in increase WHR, waist circumference and BMR, hence establishing direct relation. However, increased BMI raises the systolic pressure & diastolic pressure; the same results are obtained for WHR, Waist circumference and BMR, as these are directly related to BMI. Pages: 1062-1065Soubia Malik, Naima Afzal, Ayesha Javed and Sadaf Ahmed (Department of Physiology, University of… |
Pages: 1066-1067 The main purpose of this research was to find out the mean difference between female and male +2 teachers of private school. The total sample consisted of 60 (male & female) teachers. The research tool for occupational stress was measured by Srivastava and Singh (1981), while the tool for job-satisfaction was used by Singh and Sharma of Punjab University. Here Mean, SD, t-test was applied to check the significance of gender on occupational stress and job-satisfaction. Results revealed that there was no significant difference on the level of occupational stress, while significant differences were found on the level of job-satisfaction. Pages: 1066-1067Sajid Parwez (Counsellor, Army Public School, Ranchi) |
A study of life satisfaction, marital adjustment, and psychological distress in Perimenopausal women Pages: 1068-1071 The present study focuses on the investigation of life satisfaction, marital adjustment, and psychological distress of perimenopausal women. The sample for the study was consisted of 60 women subjects of age range 36-55 years, who were randomly selected after screening of more than 250 menopausal women. These subjects were similar in onset of menarche, education, and family type (nuclear families of medium economic status). The selected subjects were than randomly assigned to three groups according to their age of menopause, they were early, natural and late menopause. The standardized tools were used for the measurement of variables under study. The results obtained through mean and ANOVA indicated that pre-menopausal women experienced significantly lower life satisfaction and marital adjustment as compared to natural and late menopausal women. Pages: 1068-1071Sanjay Kumar (Department of Psychology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University Campus, Meerut, UP)Madhulika Sharma (Department… |
Pages: 1072-1076 Menarche is an important milestone in a female life cycle. Researchers have found a secular trend in puberty in India among girls whereby the age at puberty is coming down and menarche is considered as the most reliable measure of female puberty. Menarche as such is regarded as stressful among adolescent girls. So when it occurs earlier, it has considerable consequences which would last lifelong. So it is important to see the experiences of early menarche specially the emotions associated with it as the young girls go through this. A qualitative method was adopted to understand the experiences of early menarche. The sample consisted of 12 adolescent girls of 10-11 age range. In- depth interviews were taken and the data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The obtained results provide insight in to the emotional trouble that these young girls go through and the necessity of creating awareness among parents and professionals on imparting the knowledge and providing support for the young adolescents. Pages: 1072-1076Jini K. Gopinath and Melbin James (Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore) |
Pages: 1077-1083 Depression has emerged as one of the most severe health threat in modern times. According to a World Health Organization report, depression affects 12 in 100 people in the world and by 2020, is going to substitute cardiac problems as the subsequent most widespread universal sickness. The intend of this study is to see how amalgamation of psychotherapy and spirituality along with various alternative therapies can help in managing depression without adversely disturbing the holistic wellbeing of the depression patient. The design of the study was parallel group pre-post experimental one. The experimental group was given treatment of Psycho-spiritual Package (PSP) and the control group was not given any such treatment. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) developed by Beck, Ward, Mendelson and Erabaugh (1961) was used to measure Depression level. Individual items of the BDI assess mood, pessimism, sense of failure, self-dissatisfaction, guilt, punishment, self-dislike, self-accusation, suicidal ideas, crying irritability, social withdrawal, body image, work difficulties, insomnia, fatigue, appetite, weight loss, bodily pre-occupation, and loss of libido. Using statistical analysis the null hypothesis was rejected at .01 level of confidence suggesting positive effects of Psycho Spiritual Package (PSP) in reducing Depression level of experimental group compare to control group. Detailed literature review suggests that no single therapy can be considered complete and effective antidepressant and hence only an integrated model can be considered as an effective depression management tool. Psycho-spiritual Package can widely be used for psycho therapeutic purposes in hospitals for holistic health and well-being of depression patients. Pages: 1077-1083Ritu Sharma (School of Liberal Studies, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, Gujrat ) |
Pages: 1084-1086 Over the past two decades, health care waste has been identified as one of the major problems that have negative impact on both human health and environment.. Information on generation rate provides a basis for the design of an operation, control programs, recycling and processing plants, wastes disposal projects and the choice of most effective disposal alternative. The objective of the study was to study Generation, Quantification and Composition of Biomedical Waste generated in hospitals in Faridabad Dist. of Haryana. The study was conducted from Feb 2006 to Jan 2007.There were more than 234 clinics/ hospitals (Registered with Faridabad Pollution Board) and having more than 2400 beds in Faridabad hospitals. Data of various healthcare units was collected from an authorized private company collected waste generated at hospitals daily & from Haryana Pollution Control Board Faridabad (HPCBF). Field observation and surveys were conducted to analyze segregation of waste. Waste generated by different hospitals at Faridabad is different, varying from 1.17 kg/bed/day to 2.20 kg/bed/day. Infectious waste is 14 % to 23.3 % of the total hospital waste. Non-infectious waste increases almost linear with infectious waste, and there is strong correlation between these two types of waste, with coefficient of correlation as 0.79. The generation rate of hospital waste varies with the bed occupancy rate. Private hospitals produce more hospital waste as compared to Govt. hospitals. Waste generation depends on various factors such as type of health care establishment, hospital specialties, proportion of reusable and disposal items, implementation of national and hospital waste management policy. Biomedical waste management regulations need to be implemented strictly so that appropriate and uniform disposal of Hospital waste is ensured. Pages: 1084-1086Varun Arora, Pardeep Khanna, Ramesh Verma (Department of Community Medicine, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS… |
Pages: 1087-1089 The main objective of the study was to investigate is there any significant difference exist in functional status (self reported and actual) among various age groups in non-radiographic knee Osteoarthritis individuals, then to see the correlation between age and 6 minute walking test (6 MWT), subscales of Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score( KOOS). The present study was a cross sectional survey involving 286 subjects (142 males and 144 females aged between 41 and 79 yrs) with symptomatic primary knee joint OA deemed eligible to participate. Subjects were divided into four groups based on their age (40-49 yrs, 50-59 yrs, 60-69 yrs and > 70 yrs). All subjects were asked to fill a questionnaire (KOOS) followed by administration of 6 MWT. Data was analyzed by SPSS (version 10.0) using one way ANOVA and Pearson's correlation to achieve our objective. The results showed there was highly significant difference among age groups in KOOS-sports/recreation and QOL subscales as well as 6 MWT (p<0.001). Correlation analysis showed mild but highly significant negative correlation existed between age and the following parameters: KOOS-sports, KOOS-QOL, 6 MWT (p<0.001). As the age advances self reported (especially sports and QOL subscales) as well as actual physical performance decrease in primary knee OA. Pages: 1087-1089Ateef, MD. and Shaziya Tahseen (Research Scholars, Hyderabad, AP)Kulandaivelan, S (Department of Physiotherapy, GJUS&T… |
Pages: 1090-1091 School rivalry is increasing day by day in India and is of growing concern for parents, teachers and social thinkers. It is estimated that up to three-quarters of young adolescents experience some types of bullying (such as rumors, public ridicule, etc.) and up to one third report more extreme experiences of coercion or inappropriate touching (Juvonen, Nishina, & Graham, 2000). It can be both direct (e.g. slapping, hitting, etc.) and indirect (spreading rumors, insult, social exclusion). Common bullying activities that adolescents involved are name calling, teasing, taunting, ridiculing, obscene gestures, prejudice, threatening, hitting, kicking, rejection, etc. Being a victim or perpetrator of bullying has adverse psychological correlates. Bullying victimization is associated with many psychological problems, for example, depression, social anxiety, low self-esteem, insecurity, loneliness, low academic achievement, eating disorders, interpersonal problems, anger, hostility aggression, substance abuse, in severe cases suicidal ideation, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), adolescent pregnancy, HIV risk, and criminality at adulthood. The current articles common factors affecting school bullying among adolescents. Pages: 1090-1091Easht Preet Kaur (Department of Psychology, Sai Nath University, Ranchi, Jharkhand)Dalbir Singh Saini (District… |
Pages: 1092-1094 The current study examined gender differences in suicidal ideation among youth. A sample of 400 students in the age range of 15- 25 years studying at various school and colleges was collected from various schools of district Hisar, Haryana. The Suicidal Ideation Scale by Renyolds (1987) was used to examine the gender difference in suicidal ideation. T- test was used for statistical analysis and the results indicated that there was no significant gender difference in suicidal ideation. The findings suggested that boys and girls are equal on suicidal ideation. Pages: 1092-1094Puspa Rani (Department of Psychology, Monad University, Hapur, UP)Dalbir Singh Saini (District Social Welfare… |
Pages: 1095-1098 Researchers are working on numerous and varied approaches to improving the accessibility, quality, effectiveness, and cost effectiveness of treatment for alcohol use disorders (AUDs). This overview article summarizes the approaches reviewed in this issue, including potential future developments for alcoholism treatment, such as medications development, behavioral therapy, advances in technology that are being used to improve treatment, integrated care of patients with AUDs and co-occurring disorders, the role of 12step programs in the broader realm of treatment, treating patients with recurring and chronic alcohol dependence, strategies to close the gap between treatment need and treatment utilization, and how changes in the health care system may affect the delivery of treatment. This research will not only reveal new medications and behavioral therapies but also will contribute to new ways of approaching current treatment problems. Pages: 1095-1098Dalbir Singh Saini (District Social Welfare Officer, Hisar, Haryana) |
Pages: 1099-1101 The current study examined gender differences in loneliness among youth. A sample of 400 students in the age range of 15- 25 years studying at various school and colleges was collected from various schools of district Hisar, Haryana. The UCLA Loneliness Scale was used to examine the gender difference in loneliness among youth. T- test was used for statistical analysis and the results indicated that there was significant gender difference in loneliness. The findings suggested that boys and girls differ on the level of loneliness. The results are discussed with appropriate findings for generalization of the results. Pages: 1099-1101Puspa Rani (Department of Psychology, Monad University, Hapur, UP)Dalbir Singh Saini (District Social Welfare… |
