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Pages: 215-217
V Kannappa Shetty (Department of Psychiatry, Abhaya Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka)
MAmeer Hamza (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, 23Bengaluru, Karnataka)
Atiq Ahmed (Department of Social Work, Central University, Rajasthan)
Smitha Shirlal (Psychologist, Jeevitha Organization 45(NGO), Bangalore)
M Sanjeev Kumar (Centre for Disaster Management, NIMHANS, Bengaluru)

To research relations of coping strategies between the under graduate and post graduate poor students. This research examined the coping styles in 80 economically disadvantaged adolescent students staying in free hostels in India. Substance use was found to be higher among post graduate students and the emotional support was found to be better among under graduate students when compared to other coping strategies. Economically disadvantaged students may find it difficult to use positive copings when they face a variety of different stressors during their higher education.

Pages: 215-217V Kannappa Shetty (Department of Psychiatry, Abhaya Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka)MAmeer Hamza (Department of…

Pages: 209-214
Olorunfunmi I. Solana, Opeoluwa C. Ogunwale, Gafar B. Ogungbayi45Yewande O. Uthman-Akinhanmi (Department of Home Science and Hospitality Management, College of Agricultural Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, P.M.B. 0012, 1,2,3,45Ayetoro, Ogun State, Nigeria)
Ibikunle F. Olaleru (Farming System Research Program, National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria)

This study assessed the prevalence of obesity in Yewa Community among children aged 5 – 12 years. This incidence began ignorantly and is likely to continue through adulthood with histories and higher risk of non-communicable diseases. The dietary requirement variations from person to person also depended on age, gender, lifestyle and degree of physical activity. Hence, a cross-sectional study using multi-stage random sampling was carried out using a structured questionnaire administered with the authorizations of children's parents and Community Health Unit of Yewa North Local Government. Data collected from 126 respondents were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0, from which the prevalence of obesity revealed 23.8% obese while only 33.3% had normal weight and 38.9% of the obese were family hereditary. An excellent percentage of children (91.3%) were fed breakfast daily. There was a significant relationship between the dietary pattern of the children (5 – 12 years) and the socio-economic characteristics of the subjects parents (p < 0.05), as well as with between dietary pattern and the prevalence of obesity of children. The psychological evaluation indicates that 66.7% of the children and also the parents were ready to make changes to manage their weight, while only 31.0% of the parents are concerned about obese children.

Pages: 209-214Olorunfunmi I. Solana, Opeoluwa C. Ogunwale, Gafar B. Ogungbayi45Yewande O. Uthman-Akinhanmi (Department of Home…

Pages: 204-208
Pinki and Duhan K. (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. College of Home Science, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana)

i22Indian Journal of Health and Well-being 2020, 11(4-6), 01-01http://www.iahrw.com/index.php/home/journal_detail/19#list© 2020 Indian Association of Health, Research and WelfareISSN-p-2229-5356,e-2321-3698NAAS Ratings 4.13Keywords: asdWe have no known conflict of interest to discloseCorrespondence concerning this article should be addressed toE-mail: InMTikaram Keywords: To study y Indian Journal of Health and Well-being 2020, 11(4-6), 01-01http://www.iahrw.com/index.php/home/journal_detail/19#list© 2020 Indian Association of Health, Research and WelfareISSN-p-2229-5356,e-2321-3698NAAS Ratings 4.13SpgptaDyWe have no known conflict of interest to discloseCorrespondence concerning this article should be addressed toE-mail: Academic stress is a mental discomfort with respect to some expected frustration related with academic failure. Parents which serves as first school for the child appears to be an important source of rising expectation, therefore the study was conducted to examine the relationship of parental aspiration and with academic stress. The study was undertaken in Hisar district of Haryana state in rural and urban area. Alist of adolescents was prepared from rural and urban area i.e. 100 from rural area and 100 from urban area thus making a total sample of 200 adolescents. The sample represents equal number of boys and girls ranging in 16-18 years of age group comprising equal sample size with regards to area of residence. Parental aspiration scale by Grover and Grover (1987) was used to assess perceived parental aspiration of respondents, and academic stress scale by Rao (2012) was used to assess academic stress of respondents. The finding elucidates that urban respondents perceived higher parental aspiration than rural respondents. The results further highlighted that female respondents perceived higher parental aspiration than their counterparts. Results further revealed that urban respondents face more academic stress than rural respondents. Results further pinpointed that ordinal position, occupation of mother, and parent's income of the respondents was significantly and negative correlated with academic stress. Parental aspiration and parent's education was significantly and positively correlated with academic stress.

Pages: 204-208Pinki and Duhan K. (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. College of…

Pages: 201-203
Roopali Das (Department of Psychology, Bharati College, University of Delhi, New Delhi and Jain University, Bangalore, Karnataka)

i22Indian Journal of Health and Well-being 2020, 11(4-6), 01-01http://www.iahrw.com/index.php/home/journal_detail/19#list© 2020 Indian Association of Health, Research and WelfareISSN-p-2229-5356,e-2321-3698NAAS Ratings 4.13Keywords: asdWe have no known conflict of interest to discloseCorrespondence concerning this article should be addressed toE-mail: InMTikaram Keywords: To study y Indian Journal of Health and Well-being 2020, 11(4-6), 01-01http://www.iahrw.com/index.php/home/journal_detail/19#list© 2020 Indian Association of Health, Research and WelfareISSN-p-2229-5356,e-2321-3698NAAS Ratings 4.13SpgptaDyWe have no known conflict of interest to discloseCorrespondence concerning this article should be addressed toE-mail: This article is an attempt to discusses the underlying psychological aspects of Depression and Anxiety from a Psycho-Spiritual Perspective. The conventional literature classifies these as disorders of the human mind which resultsfromneurobiologicaldisturbances,whereasthepsycho-spiritualknowledgequalifiesthemasan opportunity for growth of the being. Drawing from the earlier Yoga traditions and largely from Sri Aurobindo's Integral Yoga Psychology, the article explores the understanding of a human being in terms of not just to a limited mind-body conglomeration, but as a conscious being essentially spiritual, operating at different levels of consciousness in a sync with nature. The mind, body and emotions are the functions of consciousness through which we interact with our environment, with the ego forming the epicentre of personality which acts as the reference point for all these interactions. It is a fresh take on exploring psychological disorders and construing their rightful place in the development of an individual's personality through the course of life.

Pages: 201-203Roopali Das (Department of Psychology, Bharati College, University of Delhi, New Delhi and Jain…

Pages: 195-200
Gafar B. Ogungbayi, Olorunfunmi I. Solana, Moyosore T. Olugbemi, Yemisi O. Szogbesan(Department of Home Science and Hospitality Management, College of Agricultural Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ayetoro1,2,3,4Ogun State, Nigeria)
Aderanti Aderinto (Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, College of Agricultural Sciences, 5Olabisi Onabanjo University, P.M.B. 0012, Ayetoro, Ogun State, Nigeria)

This study investigated snacks consumption pattern among the students of Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study examined the students' frequency of consumption of snacks, assessed factors influencing the students' snacks consumption and examined the perception of the students on health implications of snacks consumption. Through a multistage random sampling technique, a total of 394 students of the university were sampled and data obtained with the aid of structured questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistical tools were used in analyzing the study data. The descriptive tools used include the frequency distribution tables and percentages. The inferential statistical tool used was the multiple regression model. Results revealed that majority of the residents were females (56.4%), younger than 25 years (50.5%), single (96.0%), practiced Christianity (75.2%), in their 100 level year, predominantly Yorubas from the western part of Nigeria and received stipend/allowance between N5,000 –

Pages: 195-200Gafar B. Ogungbayi, Olorunfunmi I. Solana, Moyosore T. Olugbemi, Yemisi O. Szogbesan(Department of Home…

Pages: 191-194
M. R. Deeksha (Department of Psychology, SDM PG College, Ujire, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka)
Varsha A. Malagi (Department of PG Studies and Research Psychology, SDM PG College, Ujire, Karnataka)

Perceived social support is about the perception of whether the significant other, family and friends are adequately supporting them in their needs and deeds. Musicians and dancers belong to the genre of performing arts which involve conveying of artistic expression through bodily movements. The main objective of the study is to find if there is any difference in the level of perceived social support among musicians and dancers. The research examined perceived social support using Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support This research involved 103 participants aged from 18 to 45 years. The results indicated that there is no significant difference in the level of perceived social support between musicians and dancers. According to the mean scores, there is higher perceived social support among female musicians and male dancers. There is higher perceived social support from family among musicians and dancers.

Pages: 191-194M. R. Deeksha (Department of Psychology, SDM PG College, Ujire, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka)Varsha A…

Pages: 187-190
Rachana Awatramani ( Counseling Psychologist, Mumbai, Maharashtra)

i22Indian Journal of Health and Well-being 2020, 11(4-6), 01-01http://www.iahrw.com/index.php/home/journal_detail/19#list© 2020 Indian Association of Health, Research and WelfareISSN-p-2229-5356,e-2321-3698NAAS Ratings 4.13Keywords: asdWe have no known conflict of interest to discloseCorrespondence concerning this article should be addressed toE-mail: InMTikaram Keywords: To study y Indian Journal of Health and Well-being 2020, 11(4-6), 01-01http://www.iahrw.com/index.php/home/journal_detail/19#list© 2020 Indian Association of Health, Research and WelfareISSN-p-2229-5356,e-2321-3698NAAS Ratings 4.13SpgptaDyWe have no known conflict of interest to discloseCorrespondence concerning this article should be addressed toE-mail: Group therapy dates back to the beginning of the 20th century, although brought in as a necessity, today it is widely practiced by counselors, across the globe. As compared to individual psychotherapy, group therapy has been a less researched area, especially pertaining to general health, rather than specific illnesses or behaviors. This study thus was conducted to assess the General Health Questionnaire (hereafter, GHQ) scores of participants (social workers) who were given short term group therapy, using transactional, behavioral and cognitive approaches along with mindfulness meditation, for four consecutive days. 20 participants from across India were selected using convenience sampling technique. The outcome of the Wilcoxon test approved the hypothesis (z = -2.87, p<0.005), i.e. there is a statistically note worthy distinction among the GHQ scores of participants pre and post receiving group intervention. The post test GHQ scores of the participants had a significant drop than the pretest GHQ scores of the participants, depicting an improvement in their general health.

Pages: 187-190Rachana Awatramani ( Counseling Psychologist, Mumbai, Maharashtra)

Pages: 180-186
Pinki and Krishna Duhan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. College of Home Science, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana)

i22Indian Journal of Health and Well-being 2020, 11(4-6), 01-01http://www.iahrw.com/index.php/home/journal_detail/19#list© 2020 Indian Association of Health, Research and WelfareISSN-p-2229-5356,e-2321-3698NAAS Ratings 4.13Keywords: asdWe have no known conflict of interest to discloseCorrespondence concerning this article should be addressed toE-mail: InMTikaram Keywords: To study y Indian Journal of Health and Well-being 2020, 11(4-6), 01-01http://www.iahrw.com/index.php/home/journal_detail/19#list© 2020 Indian Association of Health, Research and WelfareISSN-p-2229-5356,e-2321-3698NAAS Ratings 4.13SpgptaDyWe have no known conflict of interest to discloseCorrespondence concerning this article should be addressed toE-mail: Parental aspiration are often amazed with parents' educational achievements (how much parents expect from their children schooling to complete).Mental health is a key which shows the level to which the person has been able to meet his environmental loads i.e. social, emotional or physical; and the extent to which he gets himself mentally worried, therefore the study was conducted to examine the parental aspiration and mental health of adolescents. The study was undertaken in Hisar district of Haryana state in rural and urban area. Alist of adolescents studying in arts and science stream from XI and XII class was prepared from govt. and private schools of rural and urban area i.e. 100 from rural area and 100 from urban area from thus making a total sample of 200 adolescents. Parental aspiration scale by Grover and Grover (1987) was used to assess perceived parental aspiration of respondents, and mental health inventory by Jagdish and Shrivastva (1983) to assess mental health of respondents. The finding elucidates that science stream and private school respondents perceived high level of parental aspiration than their counter parts. Results further revealed significant differences for stream of education and type of school. Results further pinpointed that science stream and private school respondents had better mental health than arts stream and govt. school respondents.

Pages: 180-186Pinki and Krishna Duhan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. College of…

Pages: 177-179
Annu and Bimla Dhanda (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I. C. College of Home Science, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana)

The main focus of the present investigation on significance of twin study in examines the genetic and environmental factor which influences the verbal and nonverbal cognitive abilities of twins with the age group 6-8 years. The objectives of the designed twin study to assess the substantial genetic influence on the vernal and nonverbal cognitive abilities of twins. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children WISC-R (Wechsler, 1974) was used to examine the both type of cognitive abilities namely: verbal and nonverbal. The estimates of heritability were 56 percent for verbal cognitive abilities and 60 percent for nonverbal cognitive abilities in Bhiwani district. In Hisar district the heritability estimates for verbal cognitive abilities was 53 per cent and for nonverbal cognitive abilities was 52 per cent. There was evidence for the gentic influence on verbal and nonverbal cognitive abilities of twins was more in Bhiwani location as compared to Hisar location and also concluded that the genetic influence was more on nonverbal cognitive abilities than the verbal cognitive abilities of twins.

Pages: 177-179Annu and Bimla Dhanda (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I. C. College…

Pages: 174-176
Arti Kumari and Sheela Sangwan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. Collage of Home Science, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana)

i22Indian Journal of Health and Well-being 2020, 11(4-6), 01-01http://www.iahrw.com/index.php/home/journal_detail/19#list© 2020 Indian Association of Health, Research and WelfareISSN-p-2229-5356,e-2321-3698NAAS Ratings 4.13Keywords: asdWe have no known conflict of interest to discloseCorrespondence concerning this article should be addressed toE-mail: InMTikaram Keywords: To study y Indian Journal of Health and Well-being 2020, 11(4-6), 01-01http://www.iahrw.com/index.php/home/journal_detail/19#list© 2020 Indian Association of Health, Research and WelfareISSN-p-2229-5356,e-2321-3698NAAS Ratings 4.13SpgptaDyWe have no known conflict of interest to discloseCorrespondence concerning this article should be addressed toE-mail: ● ○■ ● Sr. Mean of Male Mean of Female SD of Male SD of Female Obtained t and significance1. 14.40 16.93 1.71 3.03 .600.05 levels- 2.00, 0.01 levels-2.66Table 1: Sr. Variables Individualistic Forgivers Individualistic Forgivers Individualistic Forgivers (Hindus) (N=30) (Muslims) (N=30) (Christians) (N=28)Mean SDs Mean SDs Mean SDs1 Decisional Forgiveness 49.66 13.234 56.90 11.991 42.98 6.4862 Emotional Forgiveness 50.13 9.098 54.03 9.384 45.58 10.061Table 1: Dimensions of study habits Family income Mass media exposure Participation in sportsConcentration .10 .16* .18*Comprehension .10 .17* .10Planning .11 .09 .08Use of e-resources .14* .26** .12Interaction .13 .20** .17*Study sets .10 .13 .06Drilling .06 .25** .11Overall study habits .10 .27** .16*Note: **Significant at 1% level of significanceTable 2: Correlations between income, mass media exposure, participation in sports and study habits of high school students (n=240)Note: ** = p < .05; N = 204 for all analysesArti Kumari and Sheela SangwanDepartment of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. Collage of Home Science, CCS HAU, Hisar, HaryanaDuring the past decades there was an increase in prevalence of chronic diseases in elder person, which leads to poor quality of life. This review paper specifically focuses on an importance of spirituality within the lifetime of elderly. Individual's spiritual viewpoint is become a vital demand of the era, considering several types of physical illness, disability, loss of loved ones, loneliness, depression and mortality during ageing years. Among the elderly, spirituality is extremely important in the management of several chronic diseases and improves their quality of life. Findings of the study also linked association between regular attending the spiritual services and improved health and quality of life in elderly. A specially designed spiritual activities and yoga activities is linked with improved sleep quality and reduced chronic and other types of disorders in elderly. Meditative prayers also have positive effects on overall health condition of elders.

Pages: 174-176Arti Kumari and Sheela Sangwan (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. Collage…

Pages: 169-173
Manya Jain, Juhi Singhla, Hemang Kapoor, Himanshi Panda and Manish Kumar(Faculty of Dental Sciences, Manav Rachna Dental College, Faridabad, Haryana)
Anjana Goyal ( Department of Biochemistry, Manav Rachna Dental College, Faridabad, Haryana)

22Keywords: To study y Indian Journal of Health and Well-being 2020, 11(4-6), 01-01http://www.iahrw.com/index.php/home/journal_detail/19#list© 2020 Indian Association of Health, Research and WelfareISSN-p-2229-5356,e-2321-3698NAAS Ratings 4.13SpgptaDyWe have no known conflict of interest to discloseCorrespondence concerning this article should be addressed toE-mail: ● ○■ ● Sr. Mean of Male Mean of Female SD of Male SD of Female Obtained t and significance1. 14.40 16.93 1.71 3.03 .600.05 levels- 2.00, 0.01 levels-2.66Table 1: Sr. Variables Individualistic Forgivers Individualistic Forgivers Individualistic Forgivers (Hindus) (N=30) (Muslims) (N=30) (Christians) (N=28)Mean SDs Mean SDs Mean SDs1 Decisional Forgiveness 49.66 13.234 56.90 11.991 42.98 6.4862 Emotional Forgiveness 50.13 9.098 54.03 9.384 45.58 10.061Table 1: Dimensions of study habits Family income Mass media exposure Participation in sportsConcentration .10 .16* .18*Comprehension .10 .17* .10Planning .11 .09 .08Use of e-resources .14* .26** .12Interaction .13 .20** .17*Study sets .10 .13 .06Drilling .06 .25** .11Overall study habits .10 .27** .16*Note: **Significant at 1% level of significanceTable 2: Correlations between income, mass media exposure, participation in sports and study habits of high school students (n=240)Note: ** = p < .05; N = 204 for all analyses'kekZ ,oa d';i@ Lokax ,oa yksdxhrksa ds ek/;e ls gfj;k.kk esa efgykvksa dh okLrfod fLFkfrIndian Journal of Health and Well-being 2020, 11(4-6), 168-172JAIN ETAL./ EXPLORING THE PERCEPTION ABOUT KETOGENIC DIETAMONG YOUNG ADULTSObesity is a very common yet very alarming public health problem. It is a risk factor for several other serious health issues. Recent studies have proved that the Ketogenic diet is an effective tool of weight loss along with several other therapeutic benefits for curing disorders such as Type 2 diabetes, Epilepsy etc. This article therefore aims to check respondents' lifestyle and their awareness about ketogenic diet through the various sources of information, constituents for ketogenic diet, knowledge, purpose and usefulness of ketogenic diet, types, metabolic effect, side effects, willingness to adopt and their recommendations to others as half – baked information received from random sources and adopted without the supervision and guidance from professional therapists can lead to potential harm. Aquestionnaire- based survey was conducted in 240 students in the age group of 18 – 25 years to check their awareness. 64.9% were not aware about Ketogenic diet and believed that ketogenic diet helps in weight loss, bodybuilding and muscle toning, which is not the purpose of ketogenic diet. 51.2% of respondents did not know about its other emerging therapeutic potentials.

Pages: 169-173Manya Jain, Juhi Singhla, Hemang Kapoor, Himanshi Panda and Manish Kumar(Faculty of Dental…

Pages: 165-168
Nandini Thatte (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra)

Sadhana Natu (Department of Psychology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Pune, Maharashtra)

llness behavior comprises of the way one's own bodily symptoms are monitored, and treatment sought. Apalliative care team includes doctors, nurses and counselors, who take holistic care of terminally ill patients and their families. This study explored the illness behavior of these professionals practicing in Pune, India. Six palliative care professionals' responses to an in-depth interview, were analysed for themes. The results provided valuable insight into their need for support. The incurable and terminal nature of their patients' condition impacted them.

Pages: 165-168Nandini Thatte (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra) Sadhana Natu (Department…

Pages: 160-164
Tamsha Bohat and Sandeep Singh (Department of Applied Psychology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana)

In the modern era, criminal offending among youth is a major problem around the world. It is a common occurrence in which children and adolescents involve in delinquent behavior (Gottfredson & Hirschi, 1990). Juvenile delinquency is a serious offence in any country that is the involvement of the youth in violent crimes. Poverty, low education and broken families are directly related to higher rates of delinquency (World Youth Report, 2003). Mental health problems that include stress, anxiety are commonly found in juveniles. The issue of delinquent children and adolescents is the burning issue in India by which many young people damage their lives (Abolmali, 2010). Research demonstrating that mediation based approach would be feasible with a group of delinquents which have been shown to improve psychological well-being and reduce mental health issues (Hawkins, 2003; Himelstein, 2011). Mindfulness approaches have resulted in reduced stress and anxiety among youth offenders. Meditation based program may be a way of effective treatment for juvenile delinquent (Bylund & Reed, 2007). MBSR play vital role in the improvement of the juvenile's emotional health problem.

Pages: 160-164Tamsha Bohat and Sandeep Singh (Department of Applied Psychology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science…

Pages: 156-159
Kumar K. Natasha (Medanta-The Medicity, Sector-38, Gurgaon, Haryana)

Patients with brain tumor and their caregivers are at a high risk of depression. Clinicians have mixed opinions about sharing details of the diagnosis and prognosis with the patients in order to preserve the patient's mental health. This study assessed if there is any difference in prevalence of symptoms of depression in meningioma and glioma patients and caregivers assessed a few days before surgery. The correlation between prognostic awareness and depression was assessed. 29 caregivers and 61 tumor patients were evaluated. Quantitative methods were used. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) was used to assess depression. Findings showed that 34.7% of meningioma patients and 41.9% of glioma patients had depression. 44.5% of the caregivers of glioma patients had depression while none of the caregivers of meningioma patients had depression. 56.7% of the meningioma patients and 62.8% of the glioma patients felt that they had inadequate information about their illness, prognosis and treatment options. 56.1% of the patients wanted more information regarding the illness while only 4.2% of the caregivers agreed that more information should be given to the patient regarding the illness. Poor prognostic awareness was associated with higher level of depression among patients. Clinician-patient communication patterns need careful evaluation, where the doctor gives accurate information regarding the prognosis while also maintaining hope.

Pages: 156-159Kumar K. Natasha (Medanta-The Medicity, Sector-38, Gurgaon, Haryana)

Pages: 152-155
Debanjan Banerjee (Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka)

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a global public health problem, bringing the world down to its knees within three months of its emergence. International and national borders are closed, economies crashed, travel restricted, cities under lockdown and billions quarantined at their homes in an effort to contain the outbreak. Pandemics like these are not merely biological phenomena. The consequent psycho-social implications can far outlast the pandemic. India being a socio-culturally diverse and populous country, has unique challenges to deal with mental health and well-being during such times. The limited public health resources, low awareness, stigma and prejudice towards mental health being some of them. The vulnerable populations like frontline workers, elderly, migrants, homeless, daily wage workers and labourers are further traumatised and helpless during COVID-19. The various mental health problems can include rise and worsening of psychiatric disorders like depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorders and insomnia. Furthermore, the isolation and loneliness of lockdown can impair social connectedness, promote misinformation and lead to unhealthy use of technology. This commentary glances at the problem statement and implications of COVID-19 and resultant lockdown in India, focusing on the various facets of mental health. It then highlights the various ways of preserving psycho-social well-being during such a pandemic, in our socio-cultural context.

Pages: 152-155Debanjan Banerjee (Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore…

Pages: 147-151
Vinod Kumari, Harvinder, and Mahak (Department of Sociology, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana and Pt. BD Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana)

Health is a main determinant of human development as it has social and economic relationship with the quality of life. The right of health is the most basic of all human rights. Women are the pillars of Indian society and always have unique position in family as they are very personification of moral force that binds the family together. Women empowerment plays a major role: their agency and ability to take the best decisions in terms of nutrition for the family, women responsibilities include cooking, cleaning and taking cares children. The preset paper discusses various issues of women health and socio-economic factors affecting it. Various studies revealed that hygiene and nutrition are two important factors which have direct effect on women health. Signs of stress, trepidation, and un-identified mental distress are common in women than men. Women education level, their economic status and food habits play important role in well-being of their health. These socio-cultural factors are interlinked and multidimensional and affect the health status of women. Women health services must be seen beyond their availability as it relies on social status, cultural setting and the attitude of a society.

Pages: 147-151Vinod Kumari, Harvinder, and Mahak (Department of Sociology, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana and Pt…

Pages: 144-146
Jatesh Kathpalia, Rashmi Tyagi, and Vinod Kumari (Department of Sociology, COBS&H, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana)

This research examined the nature and extent of gender-based violence, in particular violence against women. The gender-based violence or violence against women and girls is a global pandemic that affects all the communities of the world. Violence against women is a critical issue of debatable which needs to be addressed on all platforms from where policy matters take place. However, the Indian government's resolution to end this menance, atrocity on female is at its peak. The major concept of this study is to know the various kind of violence activities with the objective of nature and extent of violence against women prevailing in Haryana. The area of study was Kurukshetra district which is situated in Haryana state. The criteria of data collection were 200 female respondents. In nature and extent of physical violence against women analysis shows first rank in physical harassment like beating, with mean score 2.11. Anger and verbal violence shows first rank with mean score 2.09. Economical violence includes husband snatch money forcefully from respondent which is earned by herself or present by her parents and relatives get first rank. In emotional violence most of the female respondent faced dismissing and ignoring also get first rank.

Pages: 144-146Jatesh Kathpalia, Rashmi Tyagi, and Vinod Kumari (Department of Sociology, COBS&H, CCS HAU, Hisar…

Pages: 139-143
Rajesh Dahiya and Saroj Yadav (Department of Textile & Apparel Designing, I.C. College of Home Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

For strengthening and empowering women, training is the most important input to bring desirable changes in human behavior in terms of knowledge, attitude and skill. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) plays an important role not only through transfer of technologies but also in providing required support through skill development and vocation based interventions. Garment construction is one of the self employment avenues which require less financial support and moderate risk bearing enterprise. The present study was conducted in KVK Fatehabad district of Haryana state. Seventy five respondents were selected randomly from three villages for vocational trainings on garment construction. Five days intervention was provided considering the need assessment and experts' opinion about subject matter coverage during training. Perception of trainees was recorded regarding subject matter, physical facilities and quality of trainers. The highest mean score was obtained for practical utility of training (MS 2.91), stipend/refreshment provided during training (MS 2.93), cordial relation with the trainer(MS 2.90). The overall perceived feasibility of training was found highest for observability (MS 4.24) and traibility (MS 4.10). The trainees were found to have high adoption feasibility for vocational garment construction trainings.

Pages: 139-143Rajesh Dahiya and Saroj Yadav (Department of Textile & Apparel Designing, I.C. College of…

Pages: 01-08
Shakti Desh (Child Psychologist, Sahara Welfare Foundation Academic Achiever Project, Lucknow, U.P.)
A. K. Srivastava (Rt. Head of Department, D.A.V. College Kanpur )

Present study was conducted to study the personality traits of adolescents studying in different pattern of education system. 400 adolescents randomly selected in the age range of 14 16 yrs studying in different classes from each type of urban educational institutions (Public & Convent English Medium, state Government and Govt. aided schools, Hindu Religious School & Pvt. Recognized Schools) were selected from Kanpur, Lucknow and Haridwar for the study . It included both male & female adolescents all the students taken in the sample at the three years of the stay in the institutions. personality inventory by Cattell and Beloff (1963) translated in Hindi by Kapoor and Rao was use for study. Result shows that Out of 14 factors adolescents were found differing significantly on factors i.e. B, C, E, G, J, Q2, Q3, and I. An important point to be noted is that Hindu religious schools were found to be promoting better personality traits among adolescents, in comparison to adolescents belonging to the rest of groups.

Pages: 01-08Shakti Desh (Child Psychologist, Sahara Welfare Foundation Academic Achiever Project, Lucknow, U.P.)A. K. Srivastava…

Pages: 09-13
Swarnalatha, A and Vasantha, K (Department of Lifelong learning and Extension, Avinashilingam University for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)

Entrepreneurship is a more suitable profession for women than regular employment in public and private sectors since they have to fulfill dual roles. India has been ranked among the worst performing countries in the area of women entrepreneurship in gender-focused global entrepreneurship survey. One way in enhancing the entrepreneurial activity in a country is by providing entrepreneurial training and education to potential and existing entrepreneurs. Hence this study was undertaken to study the socio economical profile of 372 women who enrolled in the skill training programmes and to observe the impact of the training programmes on entrepreneurship. A well structured questionnaire was used to elicit the socio economic information at the time of enrollment and after 6 month of completion of the training programme to study the impact. At the time of enrollment 94 per cent of the participants stated that their future focus was to establish an own business, but only 70 per cent of them were established their own trade. 89 per cent of them stated that knowledge through the training programme was one of the reasons for their success. In depth training programmes will definitely encourage women to undertake and cross the obstacle in managing the business.

Pages: 09-13Swarnalatha, A and Vasantha, K (Department of Lifelong learning and Extension, Avinashilingam University for…

Pages: 14-18
Seena M. Mathai and Paul John Konattu (Department of Psychology, Union Christian College, Aluva, Kerala)

The study was conducted to find out if Anxiety and Self efficacy could be predictors of task orientation in a sample of 47 athletes who were national level, state level and university level hand ball players. The tools used included Goal orientation scale developed by Duda &Whitehead (1998), Sports Competition Anxiety test by Martens (1977) and Generalised Self efficacy scale by Mathias Jerusalem and Ralf Schwarzer (1996 revised 2000). The obtained results showed that, the variable anxiety was low among national level players when compared to state level and university level players. Task orientation was highest among national level players. There was a significant positive correlation between self-efficacy and negative correlation between competitive anxiety with task orientation. Anxiety was also found to be a significant predictor of task orientation among the athletes. The results imply that psychological factors need to be tackled properly to enhance sport performance.

Pages: 14-18Seena M. Mathai and Paul John Konattu (Department of Psychology, Union Christian College, Aluva…

Pages: 19-23
S. Choudhary (Department of Psychology, Singhania University Pacheri Bari, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan )
AVS Madnawat (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur)

The present study aspired to investigate whether Emotional Intelligence, Personality, Presumptive Life Stress and Coping Skills are significant predictors of Mental Health and Happiness in Government and Private School Teachers. It was hypothesized that Emotional Intelligence, Personality, Presumptive Life Stress and Coping Skills will be significant predictors of Mental Health and Happiness in Government and Private School Teachers. A purposive sample of 400 3rd Grade School Teachers 200 from Government Schools and 200 from Private Schools from Rajasthan State was selected. The Predictor Variables were measured by Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS) (Hyde, Pethe, & Dhar, 2001), NEO-PI (R) (McCrae & Costa, 2003), Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale (Singh et. al, 1981) and Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ) (Folkman & Lazarus, 1986) whereas the Criterion/Outcome Variables were measured by Mental Health Inventory (MHI) (Singh, & Srivastava, 1983) and Happiness Scale (Argyle and Hills, 2002). The Correlational Research Design along with Regression Model was employed. The Multiple Regression Analysis was computed to investigate whether Emotional Intelligence, Personality, Presumptive Life Stress and Coping Skills are significant predictors of Mental Health and Happiness in Government and Private School Teachers. It was empirically provide that Emotional Intelligence was a significant positive predictor whereas Presumptive Life Stress was a significant negative predictor of Mental Health and Happiness in Government and Private School Teachers. The results are interpreted in the light of existing researches.

Pages: 19-23S. Choudhary (Department of Psychology, Singhania University Pacheri Bari, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan )AVS Madnawat (Department…

Pages: 24-29
Deepti B. Duggi and Shanmukh V. Kamble (Department of Psychology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnatak)

The present study is conducted to find the significant difference between Individualistic Forgivers (Hindu Muslim and Christian) and collectivistic Forgivers (Hindu Muslim and Christian) on their Decisional and Emotional Forgiveness. Quota sampling technique was used to collect one hundred and seventy two, Hindu Muslim and Christian Post-Graduate Students (Hindus=30, Muslims=30, Christians=28) from various departments of Karnatak University, Dharwad and Religious Members (Hindus=28, Muslims=28, Christians=28) from Church, Temples and Mosques, from Hubli-Dharwad city for this study. Individualism-Collectivism Scale (Triandis et al., 1988), Religious Commitment Inventory,(Worthington et al., 2003) and Decisional and Emotional Forgiveness Scale( Worthington 2007) were measures to test hypotheses. By providing some conditions, respondents were asked to give current intentions and emotions towards a person who has hurt them. Results revealed that Individualistic forgivers and Collectivistic forgivers (Muslims) have shown more decisional and emotional forgiveness compared to individualistic and collectivistic forgivers (Hindus and Christians).We live in a society increasingly characterized by conflict among religious people. The present research suggests that how people perceive their and an offender's religious groups can affect whether and to what degree they forgive or do not.

Pages: 24-29Deepti B. Duggi and Shanmukh V. Kamble (Department of Psychology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnatak)

Pages: 30-34
Nishi Tripathi and Nisha Rani (Department of Psychology, SHIATS, Allahabad, UP)

Cerebral palsy, which is described as broad spectrum of motor disability and is non-progressive in nature, brings about fresh challenges for the whole family . The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between stress among the mothers of children with cerebral palsy and quality of mother's interaction patterns while interacting with their children during an unstructured play. It was hypothesized that the level of stress among mothers of children with cerebral palsy will significantly impact the quality of interaction between mother and the child. A purposive sample of 38 children suffering with cerebral palsy, along with their mothers was selected from a rehabilitation center in Allahabad city. Mother's stress level was measured using Parenting Stress Index (Abidin, 1995). Quality of mother-child interaction style was measured by rating maternal behavior patterns on Maternal Behavior Rating Scale (Mahoney, 1992), by observing seven minutes video of mother-child interaction during an unstructured play. A correlation analysis was done for the relationship between maternal stress level and three components of maternal interaction style i. e. responsiveness, affect and directiveness. Regression analysis for maternal stress was also done to predict the variability in maternal behavioral patterns. The results indicated that mothers' stress level lies in the clinical range and the maternal stress was related non-significantly to the maternal responsiveness and significantly to the maternal affect and directiveness. To conclude, parenting stress was related to the mother's style of interaction (affect and directive-ness) with their children, which means that high level of maternal stress interferes with mother's effectiveness at engaging in quality interaction with their children.

Pages: 30-34Nishi Tripathi and Nisha Rani (Department of Psychology, SHIATS, Allahabad, UP)

Pages: 35-39
Taruna, Sandeep Singh and Rakesh Bahmani (Department of Applied Psychology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana)

Suicide is a complex, multidimensional and multi-determined, preventable act that has been studied from philosophical, sociological, psychological and clinical perspective. Well stated by Louw & Louw, 2007 that adolescence today is unfortunately not only a period of preparation for and transformation to adulthood but under the present era of globalization it has become a period in which adolescents increasingly face many new challenges which they are often ill-prepared for. Adolescent suicidal behaviour varies across the studies and countries due to differences in population characteristics. Dialectical behaviour therapy under different adapted forms has proved its efficacy in treating the individuals with self-harm behaviour including self-cutting, suicidal thoughts, urges to suicide, para suicide and suicidal attempts also. The primary objective of the present research study was to observe the effect of adapted form of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) in managing the suicide risk amongst adolescents. In the present study authors kept 20 participants on therapeutic intervention for the period of one year. The participants recorded to have high levels of suicide ideation on the measure of The Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation - BSI and high levels of suicide potential on the measure of The Zung Index of Potential Suicide (IPS). Participants were trained exclusively on the skills training modules of DBT in individual as well as group settings and their post intervention assessment of depression and hopelessness levels were recorded with the respective tools after every four months (baseline, four, eight and twelve months) respectively. Descriptive statistical analysis (mean and standard deviation) and paired t-test was used to test the significance of mean. The results obtained from the present study recorded the significant decrease in the mean suicide ideation and suicide potential scores from baseline to twelve months (end of therapeutic intervention). The results obtained from the present study revealed that DBT has a significant role in managing the levels of suicide ideation, suicide potential and suicide risk amongst adolescent. It primarily improves the basic interpersonal skills of an individual and teaches to regulate and express the emotionality effectively.

Pages: 35-39Taruna, Sandeep Singh and Rakesh Bahmani (Department of Applied Psychology, Guru Jambheshwar University of…
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