Indian Journal of Health & Wellbeing

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Role of Relational Risk Factors in Substance Abuse among Adolescents Page: 53-56 Pamil Preet Kaur1, Gurminder Sokhey2, and Naina Sharma3 (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab1,2 and Department of Distance Education, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab3) The present study investigated the role of relational risk factors in substance abuse. The sample comprised 300 participants 18 to 19 years old from different schools and colleges of Chandigarh, Mohali and Panchkula. To select the subjects with substance abuse problem from the general population a screening measure was administered. Apart from those standardized measures like Parental Monitoring and Peer pressure were administered. Application of correlation and step wise multiple regression revealed that peer pressure positively contributed to substance abuse whereas the correlation and contribution parental monitoring was negative. Page: 53-56Pamil Preet Kaur1, Gurminder Sokhey2, and Naina Sharma3 (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala… Read more Get Access
To Study Clinical Profile of PLHA (People Living with HIV/AIDS) with Tubercular Co-infection: A Prospective Study at Tertiary Care Centre in North India Page: 57-59 Sanjay Fotedar1, Vikas Bhatti2, Vinay Rampal3, Zahid H. Gilani4, and Surinder Kumar5 (Department of Internal Medicine, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana1,2,5, Department of Internal Medicine, Govt. Medical College, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir3, Department of Pharmacology, Govt. Medical College, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir4) People living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) are at high risk of developing secondary infections, after seroconversion and with decreasing CD4 count the incidence of tuberculosis increases and adds to morbidity and mortality. Management includes concurrent treatment of HIV infection and specific management of tubercular infection. To study the clinical profile and disease outcome of tuberculosis in patients living with HIV/AIDS infection (PLHA). A prospective study from a tertiary care centre at Northern India. Patients with HIV/AIDS infection (PLHA) presenting with signs and symptoms of tuberculosis, diagnosed as cases of tuberculosis (pulmonary and extra pulmonary) were evaluated with respect to clinical profile, disease characteristics and socio demographic profile and respective data collected. 132 patients with HIV/AIDS infection diagnosed as cases of tuberculosis were included in study and data evaluated. Common clinical features included fever (84.4%), weight loss, (81.8%), cough with hemoptysis, followed by headache and altered sensorium. CD4 count <250 was significantly associated with tubercular infection with males effected more than females. Patients were diagnosed as having tubercular infection by AFB staining, Non-resolving pneumonitis on chest X-ray, HRTCT chest besides sputum culture, ESR, Monteux test, FNAC of lymph nodes and CSF study in extra pulmonary tubercular patients. The disease burden is more in developing and underdeveloped nations with high incidence of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Individuals infected with HIV infection may develop tubercular infection in course of HIV disease or may present with signs and symptoms of tubercular infection before being diagnosed as having HIV infection. The incidence of tubercular co-infection in PLHA is directly influenced by CD4 count and increases with fall in CD4 count. High degree of clinical suspicion with prompt evaluation for secondary infection including tuberculosis and timely management is associated with better outcomes. Page: 57-59Sanjay Fotedar1, Vikas Bhatti2, Vinay Rampal3, Zahid H. Gilani4, and Surinder Kumar5 (Department of… Read more Get Access
The Lived Experiences of Students with Suicidal Ideation: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis Page: 60-69 Piya Pandya and Raosaheb Raut (Department of Applied Psychology, University of Mumbai, Maharashtra) The present research study explored the lived experiences of students with suicidal ideation. Suicide is a multifaceted and global health concern by which students are largely affected. Suicidal ideation is a precursor to attempting suicide and a warning indication. The objectives of this study were to understand the students' lived experiences with suicidal ideation and their changing perceptions. It focused on identifying processes that led to the ideation, risk factors and psychosocial factors. It also concentrated on their preferred coping strategies, identifying support systems and ways to reach out to them. The Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis approach was employed for the present study. The data was collected using an in- depth semi- structured interview schedule from eight participants, who were students that have had suicidal ideation, residing in Mumbai, within the range of 15-29years. The data was analyzed using Atlas-ti software. The findings revealed 6 superordinate themes and 14 sub-ordinate themes. The main superordinate themes are Education and Health, Abuse, The World around Us, Interpersonal Relationships, Negative Emotions and Behaviors, and Pillars of Support and Coping. The different 14 subordinate themes were discussed in detail. Page: 60-69Piya Pandya and Raosaheb Raut (Department of Applied Psychology, University of Mumbai, Maharashtra) Read more Get Access
Association between Ordinal Position and Emotional Maturity of Adolescents Page: 70-74 Chanda Rawat (Department of Human Development & Childhood Studies, Delhi University, Delhi) The present study analyzed the emotional maturity of 320 adolescents across their ordinal position. Samples were selected randomly from two different geographical areas of Uttrakhand in which 42 samples were found to be 1st born, equal number of samples were 2nd and 3rd born (59 samples) in Uttarkashi (hilly terrain) and in U.S. Nagar (plain terrain) 50 samples were 1st born, 46 samples were 2nd born and 64samples were 3rd born. A demographic questionnaire was developed and administered to assess the socio-demographic characteristic of adolescents and emotional maturity was measured using Emotional Maturity Scale. One way ANOVA was applied to calculate the significant difference in emotional maturity of selected adolescents across their ordinal position. Results showed no significant difference in composite emotional maturity of adolescents from both districts across their ordinal position. However, first born respondents from both the districts were seen to significantly differ on two components of emotional maturity viz. they were significantly more independent and socially well-adjusted as compared to second and third born. Page: 70-74Chanda Rawat (Department of Human Development & Childhood Studies, Delhi University, Delhi) Read more Get Access
Sexual Harassment: A Growing Concern in Hospital Settings Page: 75-78 Reena Chaudhary and Manvir Kaur (Department of Sociology, USOL, Panjab University, Chandigarh) Since the independence of India, the number of women coming out for work has increased substantially and the efforts were also made to elevate the status of women in India by removing their social and economic disabilities. It will be agreed that the levels of economic equality and independence are the true indicators to determine the status of women. Employment of women, therefore, is a necessary corollary to achieve gender equality and gender justice. The Indian Constitution grants equality to women and the Government of India has brought out specific legislations to protect and safeguard their rights and interests. Women have started working in every field and also experience number of problems at workplace. One such problem is Sexual Harassment at Workplace. Sexual harassment at workplace is an occupational hazard encountered across the world that reduces the quality of working life, jeopardizes the well-being of women and men, undermines gender equality and imposes costs on firms and organizations. The present paper is an attempt to know about the extent of the problem of sexual harassment in the hospitals and the types of coping mechanisms used by the respondents to handle the problem of sexual harassment at workplace. Page: 75-78Reena Chaudhary and Manvir Kaur (Department of Sociology, USOL, Panjab University, Chandigarh) Read more Get Access
Role of Family Environment in Predicting Depression among Adolescents Page: 79-82 Shipra Sharma and Vandana Sharma (Department of Psychology, S.D. (P.G.) College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh) The objective of this investigation was to analyze the relationship between family environment and depression among adolescent students. The study consisted 300 adolescent students (150 male & 150 female) selected through stratified random sampling. The age range of the sample group was between 14 to 17 years. They were taken from C.B.S.E. board schools of Ghaziabad city. The tools of the study, Family Environment Scale by Bhatia and Chadha and Cornell Medical Index Health Questionnaire by Wig, Pershad, and Verma, for Depression were used. Statistical analysis used for the present study were correlation and multiple regression. A significant negative correlation was found between family environment and depression among adolescent students in terms of family cohesion, expressiveness, acceptance and caring, independence, active-recreational orientation, organization and control except Conflict which was positively correlated to depression. In addition, three dimensions of family environment, i.e., independence, conflict and organization emerged as predictors of depression among adolescents in the present study. Page: 79-82Shipra Sharma and Vandana Sharma (Department of Psychology, S.D. (P.G.) College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh) Read more Get Access
Understanding the Importance of Self-management in Severe Mental Illness: An Overview Page: 83-87 Priyanka Devi1, Vranda Mysore Narasimha2, and Vijaya Kumar2 (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, (NIMHANS), Bengaluru1,2 and Department of Psychiatry, (NIMHANS), Bengaluru2) There are many psycho-social interventions are contribute to the well-being of persons with severe mental illness (SMI). Self-management approaches are feasible and useful for SMI, but it is less explored in Indian context. This review is an attempt to explore the importance of self-management in SMI and highlighted the use of self-management in severe mental illness and co-morbid condition. Literature search carried out in electronic data base (PubMed, ProQuest, & Google scholar). As per the selection criteria 28 articles reviewed. The key findings were, that self-management interventions can provide positive changes in persons with mental illness and co-morbid medical conditions. There is a requirement of shifting the focus of the psychosocial interventions to a comprehensive level in persons with mental illness. Self-management assessments and interventions can be considered as a part of regular follow-up of the patients for better results in their daily life. Page: 83-87Priyanka Devi1, Vranda Mysore Narasimha2, and Vijaya Kumar2 (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, (NIMHANS)… Read more Get Access
Religion and Well-being: A Study Page: 88-94 Gour Sarkar1, Sujit Jogi2, Suman Paul3, Suvojit Sutradhar4, Rakesh Das5, Ajoy Roy6, and Ajoy Sarkar7 (MA (North Bengal University), MA (NSOU), B.Ed. (North Bengal University), West Bengal 1, UG 5th Semester of Geography, Raiganj University, West Bengal2,3,4,5,6, and Sayedpur Babhan Toli School, Jhitkia, Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal7) Religion and well-being have been intertwined since the beginning of civilization. Religion is associated with human thought, thought, creation of human civilization, the culture of civilization, improvement of the environment, and world peace. India is the lifeblood of religion and many rivers, trees, hills, animals, etc. are being preserved around this religion. The nourishing of the religion is based on the three sacred samples selected temple of South Bengal. It is clearly observed the trees and ponds are conserving for example in Kankalitala sacred temple area, the sacred pond and five sacred Banyan trees are conserving. In Ghagarburi sacred temple area mainly two people's trees are conserved for more than the last 1000 years. In Kankalitala sacred temple area more than fifteen business shops are doing their business based on the selling of Dhupkathi, Fruits, Sindur, Garland, Coconuts, Sacred trees, Religion yarn, Sweets, Soft toys, Photo frames, Ektaras, Dugdugi, The photo frame of many God-Goddess, Handicraft of Rabindranath Thakur, etc. apart from that some people are doing their jobs based on Car parking, Worshiping, Begging, Shopkeeping, Selling the rural handicraft things, etc. Beggars are earning during the time of festivals here. Again in Ghagarburi temple area, there are some shops like, Dhupkathi, Fruits, Sindur, Garland, Coconuts, Sacred trees, Religion yarn, Sweets, Soft toys, Photo frames, Ektaras, Dugdugi, The photo frame of many God-Goddess, Handcraft things of selling religions items are found and some Fooding hotel, Tea stalls are getting economic profit through the presents of religion culture. There are some infrastructural like, Construction of Roads, Tubal, Water tank, Dharmasala, Car parking area, Hotel, Toilet, Lodges, etc. have developed in Kankalitola sacred religion area, Ghagarburi temple, Shri Shri Baba Manikeshwar temple. But bloody sacrifice is still presented in these three case studies areas namely; Ghagarburi temple, Shri Shri Baba Manikeshwar temple. The Nunia River at the Site of Ghagarburi temple is completely polluted due to the urban sewage of Asansol and the waste items of Ghagarburi temple. The Damodar River at the site of Shri Shri Baba Manikeshwar temple is found as an open defecation area. Page: 88-94Gour Sarkar1, Sujit Jogi2, Suman Paul3, Suvojit Sutradhar4, Rakesh Das5, Ajoy Roy6, and Ajoy… Read more Get Access
Youth Power: Creative Challenges and Opportunities Page: 95-98 Preeti P. Masih (Department of Psychology, St. John's College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh) The youth is the temperament of the society. This great task of major shakeup and change in the mind and outlook of men has to be entrusted to the youth who are the most powerful force in this world. India has the largest youth population in the world today. It is possible that this demographic advantage could turn into our single greatest disadvantage, if the youth of India are not included in, and harnessed to the process of development. Challenges in it are the opportunities for youth, if they learn to cope with the social challenges. The imperative need for a great creative effort born out of devotion of intelligent and laborious hours of youth has become inevitable and necessary. The youth have to rise to the occasion and build creative effort to meet the challenges before them. Participation and active involvement of the youth has a fire of enthusiasm and a social objective is a must for the successful implementation of social and economic policies and programs of the nation, particularly in the area of social welfare, child welfare, suppressed and depressed classes welfare, solving the problems of physically and mentally handicapped and economically backward people without which social change and development in the human society will be imperfect and incomplete. Page: 95-98Preeti P. Masih (Department of Psychology, St. John’s College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh) Read more Get Access
Efficacy of Social Skill Training in the Treatment of Stabilized Outpatients with Chronic Schizophrenia Page: 99-106 Sucharita Kundu and V. R. Shinde (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra) Schizophrenia, a debilitating neuropsychiatric disorder, is considered by WHO to be one amongst the foremost ten illnesses which contribute to the global burden of disease (Murray & Lopez, 1996). Antipsychotic medicines, considered to be first-line treatment of Schizophrenia, do not meaningfully improve cognitive deficits, negative symptoms and concomitant poor social adaptive functioning. Inclusion of empirically validated psychosocial interventions can enhance the quality of life and independent life skills in persons with Schizophrenia. The study aimed at evaluating efficacy of a Social Skills Training (SST) intervention of six months duration, on adaptive behavior among stabilized outpatients of chronic schizophrenia availing day care rehabilitation services. 96 stabilized outpatients with chronic schizophrenia, diagnosed as per DSM-V criteria, availing day care rehabilitation services, were allotted either to a wait list control group receiving standard care of treatment with antipsychotic medication (n=48) or experimental (active treatment) group, receiving SST in addition to standard care (n=48), through simple random sampling. This was a centre based pretest-posttest control group study. Both the groups were assessed once at the baseline and thereafter 6 months of SST intervention, comprising of 75 sessions, using Social Adaptive Functioning Evaluation (SAFE). Statistical analysis was conducted through independent samples t test on gain score (pre-intervention or baseline assessment post-intervention assessment) of the two groups. The results revealed an overall significant effect of SST program in the form of enhancing adaptive behaviour. At post intervention, the experimental group's gain scores on SAFE were found to be significantly higher (t= 2.458, p<0.05) while compared to the wait list control group. Thus, the present study highlighted efficacy of SST intervention in improving adaptive behaviour in persons with chronic schizophrenia. Therefore, in view of these favourable effects, it can be concluded that, although not routinely recommended in treatment guidelines of schizophrenia, integration of SST can improve present standard services, and can be recommended for wider implementation in rehabilitation centres in India. Page: 99-106Sucharita Kundu and V. R. Shinde (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune… Read more Get Access
Prevalence of Mental Health Issues Faced by the Persons Recovered from COVID-19: A Review Page: 107-110 Annmary Tom, G. G. Gopika, and Sojan Antony (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka) The COVID-19 is the biggest public health challenge experienced by human beings in the recent past across the world. It affected the physical and mental health of people. Most COVID-19 survivors have experienced symptoms such as prolonged distress of the illness, worry about the future, and stigma. The prevalence of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and anxiety among COVID -19 victims is the main focus of the study. From April 2020 to June 2021, an evaluation of several papers based on mental health difficulties among COVID-19 survivors was conducted. To better understand the prevalence rate of mental health concerns among COVID-19 survivors, eleven papers were chosen following the PRISMA principles. The studies show the significant prevalence rate of psychopathology among COVID-19 survivors. Disproportionately increased levels of anxiety and depression can be found in geriatric people. Several investigations have found that female sufferers have higher frequency of psychiatric problems than male survivors. There is a lack of attention in the area of mental health difficulties of COVID survivors. Depression, post-traumatic stress disorders, and anxiety cause high-burden among the vulnerable population and that need to be addressed properly like the physical illness. Page: 107-110Annmary Tom, G. G. Gopika, and Sojan Antony (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National… Read more Get Access
Young Adults’ Well-being and Adaptive Measures: A COVID-19 Survey Page: 111-115 Renu Gulati1, Veenu Wadhwa2, Reema Lamba3, and Priya Kaim4 (Department of Human Development and Childhood Studies, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi1,2,4 and Aditi Mahavidyalaya, University of Delhi, Delhi3) COVID-19 induced lockdowns across the globe have made people adjust and adapt themselves through changing patterns of lifestyle. This study aimed to study the impact of forced restrictions on young adults in terms of adaptive measures, well-being, and circadian rhythm during the lockdown. A short survey was conducted during the first lockdown in India among young adults (n=197) in different metropolitan cities of India to collect information on youth's perspectives, practices and experiences during the lockdown through an online platform. The results are based on the responses of 197 young college-going adults to a variety of questions related to stressors during the lockdown, their support system, and their actions towards ensuring their well-being amid the lockdown period. Sense of well-being was perceived as moderate by the majority of the young adults who participated in the study. However, the collected data also indicates that the COVID-19 lockdown has undoubtedly influenced sleep patterns, food behaviour, daily routines, perspectives towards relationships, life situations, and quality of communication in the youth. Some positive impact was also reported based on individual practices for improving health and well-being as well as coping with stress and related emotions. A family-based intervention program is needed for the vulnerable groups to ensure holistic well-being and help them work towards their recovery in different domains as in pre-pandemic lives. Page: 111-115Renu Gulati1, Veenu Wadhwa2, Reema Lamba3, and Priya Kaim4 (Department of Human Development and… Read more Get Access
Status of Morbidity and Mortality in the State of Odisha, India Page: 116-124 Ranajit Bera, Rashmi Ranjan Behera, Ramya Ranjan Behera, Deepak Panda, Munmun Mohapatra, Sribas Patra, 7 8 9 10, Nishikanta Kumar, R. Karthik, Diganta Panda, and Diptimayee Naik 1,3,4,5,9, (Rekhi Centre of Excellence for the Science of Happiness, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal1,3,4,5,9, Advanced Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal2,8, Department of Applied Geography, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha6, Newcastle University, Australia, Oceania7, and Odisha Adarsha Vidyalaya, Jajpur, Odisha10) Mortality and morbidity are two crucial components to assess the standard of the health system of a nation. This paper examines the spatial variation in the status of morbidity and mortality in Odisha using three rounds of Annual Health Survey Data conducted from 2010-13. Chronic and acute diseases were used to analyse the status of morbidity whereas crude death rate, infant mortality rate, neonatal, post-neonatal and under-five mortality rates were used to analyse mortality status in the state of Odisha. The composite index depicted the spatial variation in morbidity and mortality across the different districts. Five dimensions were identified through Principal Component analysis which indicated the association between the selected indicators of mortality and morbidity. It was found that the developed districts reported high morbidity and underdeveloped districts reported low morbidity. On the other hand, the underdeveloped districts reported high mortality and developed districts reported low mortality. The results of the study illustrate the importance of the provision of health infrastructures, improvement in education, medical awareness, governmental policies and schemes to improve the overall health status in Odisha. Page: 116-124Ranajit Bera, Rashmi Ranjan Behera, Ramya Ranjan Behera, Deepak Panda, Munmun Mohapatra, Sribas Patra… Read more Get Access
Knowledge, Attitude, and Perceptions towards COVID-19 Vaccines: A Cross-sectional Study in Delhi-NCR Page: 408-412 Shakila Mahesh, Neeru Rani, Anuhska Rajesh Choudhary, Ishika Chandra, and Ankit Kumar (Manav Rachna Dental College, FDS, MRIIRS, Faridabad, Haryana) Vaccines provide the most optimistic solutions to prevent the further spread of new viral strains. Rapid development of efficacious vaccines against COVID-19 epidemic is very crucial but the success of the COVID-19 vaccination program is dependent on people's knowledge and their attitude towards it. The aim of the study was to investigate society's knowledge, attitude and perception towards COVID-19 vaccination in India. The exploratory and anonymous population-based e-survey was conducted among the general individuals of Delhi- NCR. T-tests or one-way ANOVA tests were performed using Microsoft Excel 2019 and SPSS Software version 24.0. A total of 1005 responses were collected. The sample has a slight predominance of female participants (56.7%) with mostly in the age-group of 20-40 years. Mean scores of knowledge, attitude and perception of the study participants were 3.72±1.40, 3.69±1.62, 4.86±1.54 respectively. According to gender wise, mean scores of knowledge and perception were considerably higher in females with significant p-value of 0.028 but attitude scores were higher in males with p-value of 0.714. The findings reflect adequate knowledge, positive attitude and good perception of people towards COVID-19 vaccination program. Government should create awareness programs, limiting the barriers and strengthening the facilities regarding the vaccination drive to ensure higher vaccine acceptance. Page: 408-412Shakila Mahesh, Neeru Rani, Anuhska Rajesh Choudhary, Ishika Chandra, and Ankit Kumar (Manav Rachna… Read more Get Access
Aggravating Factors and Adverse Impacts of Subjective Burden of Family Caregivers of Schizophrenia Patients Page: 413-416 Roby James and Joy Tungol (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines) The demanding role of caregiving of schizophrenia patients requires considerable amount of energy and time over a long duration, resulting in exhaustion that eventually affects the caregiver negatively. Burden refers to the negative feeling and subsequent strain experienced by the family members as a result of caring a schizophrenia patient. Subjective caregiver burden indicates caregivers' own burden perceived personally, which results in affecting the overall well-being of the caregiver. Considerable amount of stress experienced by the caregivers themselves may push them to have a poor quality of life if they fail to cope with the stress resulting from the process of caregiving. The impairment of the caregiving role has negative impact on the patient's well-being, course and prognosis of the disease. Though psycho-education and cognitive behavioral therapy were helpful to address many of the caregiver issues, they were not adequate enough to address the real issues of the caregivers of schizophrenia patients. Future researches are to be designed, taking in to consideration the subjective burden of the family caregivers of schizophrenia patients to help them perform their caregiving role effectively. Page: 413-416Roby James and Joy Tungol (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines) Read more Get Access
Experience of Prolonged Grief: A Qualitative Inquiry into Young Widows of India Page: 417-421 Molly U. Mundaden and Joy Tungol (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines and Department of Clinical Psychology, The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines) The loss of the life of a spouse is one of the most profound and life-altering occasions adults will ever experience. While the loss of a partner is aggravating at any time, the experience of spousal bereavement at a young age brings with it a unique challenge. Prolonged grief is a disturbance observed by the death of a character close to the bereaved, with chronic and pervasive grief response characterized with the aid of longing for the deceased or continual preoccupation with the deceased accompanied by severe emotional pain. This study explores qualitatively, analyses thematically, and identifies the causes and consequences of prolonged grief among young widows at Kerala Social Service Forum (KSSF) South India. The participants' experiences and perspectives are analyzed thematically with the use of Braun and Clarke's step-by-step method. In-depth semi-structured interviews (twenty participants) and focus group discussions (seven participants) have been held to collect an in-depth grasp of the lived experiences. The findings of this qualitative find out exhibit that the younger widows undergo thought problems (distorted cognitions, distressing thoughts), emotional problems (anxious feelings, emotional stress, depressed mood), behavioral issues (poor social behavior, meaninglessness in life, lack of dedication) Bodily problems (health-related & medical issues, financial issues, & household problems). The researchers observed that Prolonged grief among participants is associated with low that means in life, anxiety, depression, and stress. Page: 417-421Molly U. Mundaden and Joy Tungol (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila… Read more Get Access
Do Adolescent Twins and Singletons Differ in Obsessive-Compulsive or Risk-Taking Behaviour? A Study from Kerala, South India Page: 422-428 Jessy Fenn and Muhammed Siddique (Department of Psychology, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences (Autonomous), Kochi, Kerala and Rajagiri College of Social Sciences (Autonomous), Kochi, Kerala) Twins are subject to a similar environment and their togetherness experience can lead to increased confidence manifested as increased risk taking or the constant comparison and expectation of similar performance can also lead to anxiety and obsessive compulsive traits. This study aims to find the level of risk taking and prevalence of obsessive compulsive traits among twins as well as the relationship between their experience as twins to the risk-taking and obsessive behaviour. A sample of 100 adolescents, 50 being one of a twin pair and 50 singleton adolescents, from Kodinhi village, known for its high twin population, were studied using the Toronto Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Risk Taking-18 and data on twin behaviour. Datawas analyzed employing the Kolmogorov Smirnov test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney test and Spearman's Correlation. The findings suggest that twins are significantly higher in obsessive compulsive traits than singletons and that they are significantly lower on risk taking. There was a significant negative relationship between obsessive-compulsive traits and risk-taking. We also found out a significant relationship between people's comparison of twins and the level of obsessive-compulsive traits in them. Page: 422-428Jessy Fenn and Muhammed Siddique (Department of Psychology, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences (Autonomous)… Read more Get Access
Prevalence of Depression among Adolescents in India Page: 429-431 Sherin Joseph and Rosalito De Guzman (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines) Adolescent depression is a developing concern around the world. The high prevalence rate of adolescents with depression often harms their life. It affects the emotional, physical, and spiritual health of adolescents. Adolescent depression can affect socialization, family relationships, and school performance, often with potentially significant long-term consequences. This study aims to assess the level of depression among adolescents in India. Researchers have used snowball sampling techniques for this study. For this study, a total of 400 adolescent students have responded to all questions. This study utilized the following two sets of research instruments for data collection, namely, personal data sheet, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI II). Descriptive statistics are used to analyze data. According to the findings, most adolescent students are depressed to a moderate degree (55.5 percent). The results of this study strongly advised that an effective adolescent intervention program should be developed and implemented. Page: 429-431Sherin Joseph and Rosalito De Guzman (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila… Read more Get Access
Causes and Impacts of Burnout on Students’ Well-being: A Review Page: 432-438 Joy O. Thuruthel and Joy R. Tungol (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines) Burnout is an emerging mental health concern among an increasing number of college, students and it leads to a variety of adverse consequences on their academic, personal and social life. The awareness and understanding of causes and impacts of burnout are relevant for early detection, the adequate response through appropriate intervention to attenuate the symptoms of burnout facilitating the integral development and welling of students. The study employed a scoping review methodology and selected 23 relevant studies to investigate the causes of burnout and its impacts on the well-being of baccalaureate college students. The synthesis of the results highlighted precipitating and perpetuating causes, academic and psychological, impacts on students' functioning and performance. It also recognized the necessity of psychosocial interventions to reduce burnout, leading to improving their overall well-being. Page: 432-438Joy O. Thuruthel and Joy R. Tungol (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas… Read more Get Access
Impact of Digital Addiction and Cognitive Offloading on Prospective Memory of Young Adults Page: 439-445 Veena Prathap and Swapnil Singh (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, New Delhi) It's a proven fact that smartphones and virtual gadgets are identified as an effective tool that, when used in a limit, can enhance human cognition, moreover an emerging perception is that habitual involvement with these devices may also have a negative and lasting repercussion on people's' capability to carry out forthcoming intended actions, and further affect potential prospective memory. The current study takes into consideration the potential impact of virtual dependency and cognitive offloading on the prospective memory of the college students (20-22 years). The results showed that the more the students were addicted to their digital devices and the more the students cognitively offloaded, the higher was the decline in their prospective memory. Regression analysis suggested that digital addiction significantly predicted prospective memory in college students. These findings raise concern about the well-being and safety of the college students. Implications and future indications have been further discussed in the study. Page: 439-445Veena Prathap and Swapnil Singh (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, New Delhi) Read more Get Access
Understanding Adolescent’s Helmet Use From the Perspective of Health Belief Model Page: 446-448 Savitha Kamakshi and M. Ramya Maheswari (Department of Psychology, Ethiraj College for Women, Chennai, Tamil Nadu) Adolescence is a period where the individuals explore their individuality and tend to seek new and exciting situations more than children and adults. With respect to health, adolescents tend to display optimistic bias which predisposes them to engage less in preventive health behaviors and increase risk taking. One such risk-taking behavior is helmet non-use. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the extent of adolescents' helmet use and non-use from the perspective of Health Belief Model. Expost facto research design was used. A sample of 100 helmet users and 100 non-helmet users in the age group of 18-25 years were included in the study. An adaptation of Bicycle Helmet Attitude Scale (BHAS) developed by Ross et al. (2010) was used to assess attitude towards using helmet. It was hypothesized that there will be no significant difference between helmet users and non-users with respect to constructs of the Health belief model. Independent sample t-test was used to analyse the results of the study. Results revealed that helmet users perceived themselves as more vulnerable to motorcycle related accidents, had greater self-efficacy and perception of benefits associated with helmet use and paid more attention to cues to action. Helmet non-users had greater perception of barriers associated with helmet use. It was also found that there was no difference between helmet users and non-users with respect to perceived severity. Page: 446-448Savitha Kamakshi and M. Ramya Maheswari (Department of Psychology, Ethiraj College for Women, Chennai… Read more Get Access
Elderly Well-being Page: 449-452 Vandana and C.K. Singh (I. C. College of Home Science, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana) An elderly person is defined as a person who is over 60 years of age and those over 75 years old as “late elderly. Well-being as being related to both health and quality of life. Well-being has to do with how people make sense of their lives. This refers to satisfaction, lack of depression and anxiety, and positive moods and emotions. Good living conditions (e.g., housing, employment) are fundamental to well-being. As per the Indian tradition, families have been described to provide social security to old age members of the family. Today changing family structure is caused increased problems of old age people and disturbance in their well-being. Emerging prevalence of nuclear families in recent years, the old rich family members are exposed to psychological, physical and financial insecurity. The review paper provides insight into the problems of the elderly and their well-being. Page: 449-452Vandana and C.K. Singh (I. C. College of Home Science, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana… Read more Get Access
Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health: A Review of Studies Conducted among Indians Page: 453-456 Shreya Gulati1, Dimple Rawat2, Avishek Roy3, Arti Gulati4, and Vivek Dixit5 (Department of Medicine, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi1, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi2,4, Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi3, Department of Orthopedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi5) COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected mental health in population across worldwide and therefore India has no longer an exception. Hence, this review was conducted to study the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among the Indian population during the COVID-19 pandemic. The literature search was conducted on PubMed from inception till 10th September 2021 and a total of 8 articles were included in the present review. This qualitative review indicated in an increased prevalence of mental health issues, which require an urgent attention to address the issue in totality. Page: 453-456Shreya Gulati1, Dimple Rawat2, Avishek Roy3, Arti Gulati4, and Vivek Dixit5 (Department of Medicine… Read more Get Access
Understanding the Role of Participation in Online Support Groups on Mental Well-being Page: 457-465 Nandini Agrawal, Apoorva Someshwar, Aadishree Ravi, Anand Arul Dhas, and Akriti Srivastava (Department of Psychology, Christ (Deemed to be) University, Bannerghatta, Bangalore, Karnataka) Online support groups are defined as a virtual community where people with common experiences come together to share, in doing so online support groups have created a niche where the aspects of mental health such as well-being come into play especially during the current times of the COVID-19 pandemic. The current study aims to understand the role of participation in online support groups on mental well-being. The theoretical base for the study is the PERMA model of well-being as given by Seligman. The participants were selected using purposive sampling (N=6) and data collection was done using semi-structured interviews. The analysis employed was thematic analysis, post which 4 major themes emerged in the data i.e. attraction towards online support groups, socialising amongst members, mental health before and after participation. The results of the study answer the research questions showing that participation in online support groups has led to an improvement in the mental well-being of the participants by virtue of many factors, some being; providing a safe space, lack of judgement and an open space to express vulnerability. Page: 457-465Nandini Agrawal, Apoorva Someshwar, Aadishree Ravi, Anand Arul Dhas, and Akriti Srivastava (Department of… Read more Get Access
Ensuring Public Healthcare Service and Health Rights in Communities through Participatory Health Governance Page: 466-469 Jacob Islary (Department of Social Work, Assam Don Bosco University, Guwahati, Assam) Ensuring good health in communities is a challenge. Field experience shows that community participation in public health governance ensures better health outcomes. It ensures regularity of health workers attendance, availability of drugs, maintenance of the health center, and the reach of health care service to interior and difficult areas. This article is a reflection on the experience of a community where people came together along with the state players to revive a defunct Primary Health Center using a participatory approach. The paper argues that while the approach ensured better service delivery and improved health outcome it also educates the community members of their rights, responsibilities and duties and empowers them to claim their rights with dignity and largely improving the health status. While public health governance is a complex process involving multiple players at global, national and local levels; at the community level participatory governance of health center could include involvement of community leaders, student union members, youth, women, NGOs and community members at large. It could be concluded that promoting participatory governance rather than bureaucratic administration is effective in delivery of health care services in rural areas. Page: 466-469Jacob Islary (Department of Social Work, Assam Don Bosco University, Guwahati, Assam) Read more Get Access

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